0 HEAD
1 SOUR FamilyOrigins
2 VERS 3.0 for Windows
2 CORP FormalSoft, Inc.
1 DEST FamilyOrigins
1 DATE 18 MAY 1995
1 SUBM @S1@
1 FILE BUELL001.GED
1 GEDC
2 VERS 5.3
2 FORM LINEAGE-LINKED
0 @S1@ SUBM
1 NAME Matthew James Buell
1 ADDR 25681 Ditch Rd.
2 CONT Renner, SD 57055-6502
2 CONT USA
1 PHON 605-543-5003
0 @I1@ INDI
1 NAME Kimberly James /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1953
2 PLAC Hutchinson, Reno, Kansas
1 GRAD
2 DATE MAY 1976
2 PLAC Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
1 FAMC @F2@
1 FAMS @F1@
1 NOTE He was the President of Parent Teacher Fellowship of Estherville Community 
2 CONT Christian School, Estherville, Iowa (1984-85); a boardmember of South 
2 CONT Dakota Consulting Engineers Council (1988-92); Vice-President of the South 
2 CONT Dakota Consulting Engineers Council (1992-94); President of the South 
2 CONT Dakota Consulting Engineers Council (1994-95); President-Elect of the 
2 CONT South-East Chapter, South Dakota Engineering Society (1995-96); 
2 CONT boardmember of Noon Kiwanis, Estherville, Iowa (1980-81); Vice-President 
2 CONT of Noon Kiwanis, Estherville, Iowa (1982); President of Noon Kiwanis, 
2 CONT Estherville, Iowa (1983); President of Parent Teacher Fellowship of 
2 CONT Christian Center Elementary, Sioux Falls, South Dakota (1989-91); 
2 CONT Alternate National Director of South Dakota Consulting Engineers Council 
2 CONT (1995-96); and Youth Leader of United Methodist Church, Estherville, Iowa 
2 CONT (1980-81).
2 CONT 
2 CONT He currently lives at 25681 Ditch Rd., Renner, South Dakota 57055  He is a 
2 CONT civil engineer at Schmitz-Kalda & Associates.  His e-mail addresses are 
2 CONT KJBShiloh@aol.com and wl-shiloh-osf@society.com.
1 SOUR Buell, Kimberly James.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2@ INDI
1 NAME Barbara Jo /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 NOV 1954
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 BAPM
2 DATE 3 APR 1955
2 PLAC First Methodest Church, Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE Baptized by Rev. Harrison G. Dawes.
2 SOUR Certificate of Baptism of Barbara Jo Slingerland.
1 FAMC @F3@
1 FAMS @F1@
1 NOTE Barb lived all her growing up years in Estherville, Iowa.  After her 
2 CONT marriage to Kim Buell they moved several times.  Fort Collins, Colorado; 
2 CONT Ames, Iowa; back to Estherville; Rapid City, South Dakota; back to 
2 CONT Estherville; Tulsa, Oklahoma; back to Estherville; Sioux Falls, South 
2 CONT Dakota; Renner, South Dakota.
2 CONT 
2 CONT Before her children were born Barb worked at Golden Sun Feeds in 
2 CONT Estherville, as secretary to the Treasurer at Iowa State University in 
2 CONT Ames, at First Federal Savings in Estherville and at First Federal Savings 
2 CONT in Rapid City, South Dakota.
2 CONT 
2 CONT She currently lives at 25681 Ditch Rd., Renner, South Dakota 57055.  Her 
2 CONT phone number is 605-543-5003 and her e-mail addresses are 
2 CONT BarbieBJB@aol.com and wl-barbb-osf@society.com.
0 @I3@ INDI
1 NAME Matthew James /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JUN 1978
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE He was born at Holy Family Hospital.
1 BAPM
2 PLAC Faith Family Outreach, Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
2 NOTE Baptized by Pastor Micheal Bang.
1 FAMC @F1@
1 NOTE He went to Estherville Community Christian School in Estherville for first 
2 CONT and second grades with Mrs. Mix as his teacher. Third through 6th grades 
2 CONT were attended at Christian Center Elementary in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. 
2 CONT  In 7th grade he attended Sioux Falls Christian High and 8th grade was at 
2 CONT Christian Liberty Academy.  High school was attended at O'Gorman High 
2 CONT School, in Sioux Falls.  He recieved a 28 on his ACTs on May 1, 1995.  On 
2 CONT November 11, 1993, the family moved again to a farm in Mapleton Twp., 
2 CONT Minnehaha, South Dakota.  The farm, named "Shiloh", laid on the Big Sioux 
2 CONT River and consisted of 90 acres, mostly forest. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT He got his driver's license on July 30, 1993 at the age of 15.  His first 
2 CONT car was a 1985 Honda Accord LX.  It was badly damaged in an accident on 
2 CONT October 11, 1994 in Sioux Falls on 41st street on the bridge over I-29. 
2 CONT The front end of the vehicle was heavily damaged and the vehicle was 
2 CONT declared inoperable.  No one was hurt in the accident, although the 
2 CONT passenger, his sister Becky Buell, was not wearing her seat belt and broke 
2 CONT the front windshield with her head.  The vehicle was repaired by George 
2 CONT Gadeylia.  While his car was being repaired, Matt drove a 1983 Datsun 
2 CONT Nissan truck, which was purchased from his uncle Keith Schonewill (1950- 
2 CONT ).  The repairs on the car were finished on January 8, 1995. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT He currently lives at 25681 Ditch Rd., Renner, South Dakota 57055.  His 
2 CONT phone number is 605-543-5003 and his e-mail addresses are eochaid@aol.com 
2 CONT and wl-sceaf-osf@society.com.
1 SOUR Buell, Matthew James. written December 19, 1994.
0 @I4@ INDI
1 NAME Ella Suzanna /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUN 1980
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE Born in Holy Family Hospital.
1 FAMC @F1@
1 NOTE She attended pre-school and Kindergarten and Estherville Community 
2 CONT Christian School, 1st through 6th grades at Christian Center Elementary, 
2 CONT 7th grade and the first three quarters of 8th grade at Cornerstone School, 
2 CONT the last quarter she was home schooled.  High school is currently being 
2 CONT attended at O'Gorman High School in Sioux Falls.  Her e-mail addresses are 
2 CONT Warenne@aol.com and wl-normandy-osf@society.com.
0 @I5@ INDI
1 NAME Rebecca Jo /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 OCT 1982
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE She has born in Holy Family Hospital.
1 BAPM
2 DATE 9 JAN 1994
2 PLAC First Assembly of God, Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
2 NOTE Baptized by Rev. Ronald J. Traub.
1 FAMC @F1@
1 NOTE In the beginning of her life she lived in Dickinson County, Iowa, then 
2 CONT Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, back to Dickinson County, Iowa.  Then she moved to 
2 CONT Sioux Falls, South Dakota with her mother, father, two sisters, and her 
2 CONT brother, and is now living in Mapleton Twp., Minnehaha, South Dakota. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT For her entire schooling so far she has attended Christian Center 
2 CONT Elementary in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
2 CONT 
2 CONT As of April 1995, she lives at 25681 Ditch Rd., Renner, South Dakota 
2 CONT 57055.  Her phone number is now 605-543-5007.  Her e-mail addresses are 
2 CONT BeckyBJB@aol.com and wl-becky-osf@society.com.
0 @I6@ INDI
1 NAME Carolyn Anne /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 FEB 1985
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE She was born in Holy Family Hospital.
1 BAPM
2 DATE 9 JAN 1994
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
2 NOTE Baptized at First Assembly of God by Rev. Ronald J. Traub
1 FAMC @F1@
1 NOTE As of May 1995 she lives at 25681 Ditch Rd., Renner, South Dakota 57055.  
2 CONT Her phone number is 605-543-5003 and her e-mail address is 
2 CONT wl-horse_nut-osf@society.com.
0 @I7@ INDI
1 NAME Rachel Renae /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 APR 1987
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
2 NOTE She was born in McKennan Hospital.
1 BAPM
2 DATE 9 JAN 1994
2 PLAC First Assembly of God, Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
2 NOTE She was baptized by Rev. Ronald J. Traub
1 FAMC @F1@
1 NOTE She is currently a 2nd grader at Christian Center Elementary in Sioux 
2 CONT Falls, South Dakota.  As of May 1995, she lives at 25681 Ditch Rd., 
2 CONT Renner, South Dakota 57055.  Her e-mail address is 
2 CONT wl-cat_crazy-osf@society.com
0 @I8@ INDI
1 NAME James Edmund /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1932
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F8@
1 FAMS @F2@
1 NOTE He served in the military during the Korean War, although he never went to 
2 CONT Korea.  He was stationed in Hutchinson, Kansas.  He was a cattle buyer for 
2 CONT John Morrell & Co.  He currently lives at W. 220-1st Ave S, Estherville, 
2 CONT Iowa 51334.
0 @I9@ INDI
1 NAME Beverly Anne /WENGE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 DEC 1932
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F18@
1 FAMS @F2@
1 NOTE She currently lives at W. 220-1st Ave S, Estherville, Iowa 51334.
0 @I10@ INDI
1 NAME LeRoy Earl /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JAN 1930
2 PLAC Richland Twp., Dickinson, Iowa
2 NOTE Born in a farm outside Superior.
1 FAMC @F5@
1 FAMS @F3@
1 NOTE He currently lives at 803 3rd Ave N, Estherville, Iowa 51334.
0 @I11@ INDI
1 NAME Rachel LaVonne /WILSON/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 DEC 1929
2 PLAC Algona, Kossuth, Iowa
1 RETI
2 DATE 1993
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F15@
1 FAMS @F3@
1 NOTE She is neat
0 @I12@ INDI
1 NAME Debra Kay /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 JAN 1952
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F3@
1 FAMS @F6@
1 FAMS @F7@
1 NOTE She currently lives at 214 N. 1st St., Wallingford, Iowa 51365.  She owns 
2 CONT Debbie Gage Graphic Design in Estherville, Iowa.  Her e-mail address is 
2 CONT dggdesign@aol.com
0 @I13@ INDI
1 NAME Glenna Jean /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 AUG 1964
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F3@
1 FAMS @F16@
1 FAMS @F47@
1 FAMS @F57@
1 NOTE She currently lives at 21 Briar Place Drive, Estherville, Iowa 51334.
0 @I14@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund Kevin /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JUN 1956
2 PLAC Flandreau, Moody, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F2@
1 FAMS @F4@
0 @I15@ INDI
1 NAME Wendy Anne /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 JAN 1958
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F2@
1 FAMS @F11@
1 NOTE She currently lives at 2504 Harriet Lea St, Sioux Falls, SD 57103 and her 
2 CONT phone number is 605-336-5616.  Her e-mail address is WASWindy@aol.com.
0 @I16@ INDI
1 NAME Kelly Jean /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 DEC 1959
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F2@
1 FAMS @F17@
0 @I17@ INDI
1 NAME Robert William /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 OCT 1966
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F2@
1 FAMS @F10@
1 NOTE He currently lives at 301 Lakewood Circle, Greer, South Carolina, 29651
0 @I18@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth Anne /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JAN 1982
1 FAMC @F4@
0 @I19@ INDI
1 NAME Amanda Kate /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 APR 1985
1 FAMC @F4@
0 @I20@ INDI
1 NAME Teresa /PETERS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 APR
1 FAMS @F4@
0 @I21@ INDI
1 NAME Glenn Ebert "Shorty" (Anway) /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 MAR 1889
2 PLAC Sheffield, Franklin, Iowa
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11). interview on Dec 24, 1994
2 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Slingerland Funeral to be Friday" Dec 16 
3 CONT 1964.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 DEC 1964
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE He died of a heart attack.
2 SOUR Buell, Barbara Jo (Slingerland)
1 BURI
2 PLAC Superior Cemetery, Superior, Dickenson, Iowa
1 FAMC @F332@
1 FAMS @F5@
1 NOTE At age 12, Glen left the Anway household and went to the Slingerland 
2 CONT household.  He later changed his name to Slingerland, but was never 
2 CONT adopted.
0 @I22@ INDI
1 NAME Tressa /STEIDL/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 JUN 1901
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 1 JUN 1980
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 BURI
2 PLAC Superior, Dickinson, Iowa
1 FAMC @F843@
1 FAMS @F5@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Schoolteacher
0 @I23@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /GROTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F6@
1 FAMS @F1174@
0 @I24@ INDI
1 NAME Roy Charles /GAGE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 NOV 1952
2 PLAC Lester, Lyon, Iowa
1 FAMC @F485@
1 FAMS @F7@
0 @I25@ INDI
1 NAME Alan LeRoy /GAGE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 APR 1978
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F7@
0 @I26@ INDI
1 NAME Audrey Ann /GAGE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 NOV 1979
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F7@
0 @I27@ INDI
1 NAME Roger Glenn /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1933
2 PLAC Richland Twp., Dickinson, Iowa
2 NOTE Born on a farm outside Superior, Iowa.
1 FAMC @F5@
1 FAMS @F13@
1 NOTE Served in the Army 1953.  Trained at Camp Chaffee, Arkansas.  Stationed in 
2 CONT Kaiserslautern, Germany.  Honorable discharge in 1955.  RESIDENCES: 1508 
2 CONT 1st Ave N, Estherville, Iowa 51334
1 SOUR Slingerland, Roger
0 @I28@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund James /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 JUN 1891
2 PLAC Wolsey, Beadle, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 APR 1957
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F12@
1 FAMS @F8@
0 @I29@ INDI
1 NAME Rhea Elizabeth /MAHONEY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 NOV 1900
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1976
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F58@
1 FAMS @F8@
1 NOTE OBITUARY: "Rhea Elizabeth Buell was born on November 18, 1898, to Mary and 
2 CONT Louis Mahoney at Aurelia, Iowa.  There she attended school and grew to 
2 CONT womenhood.  She moved with her family to Hetland, South Dakota for a few 
2 CONT years before coming to Pipestone.  On March 17, 1929, she was uited in 
2 CONT marriage to Edmund J. Buell at Minneapolos, Minn.  They made their home in 
2 CONT Pipestone where her husband was in the livestock commission business until 
2 CONT his death in April 1957.  Rhea worked as a bookkeeper at the Ben Franklin 
2 CONT store for over 12 years.  For the past 2˝ years she has lived with her son 
2 CONT in Estherville, Iowa, and three months ago came back to Pipestone and 
2 CONT entered the Good Samaritan Home.
2 CONT 
2 CONT On August 9, 1976, she entered the Pipestone Hospital and passed away 
2 CONT there on Monday, September 13, 1976, at the age of 77 years.  She had 
2 CONT served for many years as secretary for the Library Board, had been a 
2 CONT member of the Progress Club, and the League of Women Voters.
2 CONT 
2 CONT Rhea is lovingly remembered by her son, James Buell of Estherville, Iowa; 
2 CONT 6grandchildren, 3 brothers:  Garland Mahoney, Wayne Mahoney, and Earl 
2 CONT Mahoney, all of Pipestone, Minn., a stepsister Rhea Dorman of Minneapolis, 
2 CONT Minn., nieces, nephews, and other relatives.  She was preceded in death by 
2 CONT her parents, her husband, and 1 son, Robert."
1 SOUR Lindquist Funeral Chapel, Pipestone, MN:  Obituary, Rhea Elizabeth Buell, 
2 CONT 16 September 1976.
0 @I30@ INDI
1 NAME Robert Clinton /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 APR 1935
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1966
2 PLAC St. Paul, Ramsey, Minnesota
2 NOTE He was murdered.  The murderer was never caught.
1 FAMC @F8@
1 FAMS @F9@
0 @I31@ INDI
1 NAME Susanne Elizabeth "Tui" /ZEDDIES/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 OCT 1940
2 PLAC Madison, Dane, Wisconsin
1 FAMS @F9@
1 FAMS @F49@
0 @I32@ INDI
1 NAME Montgomery Robert (Buell) /FLINSCH/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 NOV 1961
2 PLAC San Francisco, San Francisco, California
1 FAMC @F9@
1 FAMS @F48@
1 NOTE After Monty's father died, his mother married (1970) James Dorsey Flinsch 
2 CONT (1945- ).  He was not adopted by Jim but took his name mostly so he would 
2 CONT have the same name as his mom.  Strangely his name has never been legally 
2 CONT changed, he still has a passport for Montgomery Robert Buell, but Flinsch 
2 CONT appears on his driver's license and social security card.  He is trying to 
2 CONT get a PhD in Hydrogeology and then he can become a professor.  As of 
2 CONT March, 1995 he lives at PO Box 2645 c/s Socorro, New Mexico.  His e-mail 
2 CONT address is mflinsch@prism.nmt.edu.
1 SOUR Flinsch, Montgomery Robert.  Internet name mflinsch@prism.nmt.edu.  E-mail 
2 CONT to eochaid@aol.com "Re:  Your Family Tree" sent Mar 29, 1995 00:40:36 EST.
0 @I33@ INDI
1 NAME Chris /HARMS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 NOV
2 PLAC Spirit Lake, Dickinson, Iowa
1 FAMS @F10@
1 NOTE She currently lives at 301 Lakewood Circle, Greer, South Carolina, 29651.
0 @I34@ INDI
1 NAME Keith Wane /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 FEB 1950
1 FAMC @F697@
1 FAMS @F11@
1 NOTE He currently lives at 2504 Harriet Lea St, Sioux Falls, SD 57103 and his 
2 CONT phone number is 336-5616.  His e-mail address is Schonewill@aol.com.
0 @I35@ INDI
1 NAME Seth James /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JAN 1987
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F11@
1 SOUR Schonewill, Seth James (Rec# 35). Comment made on November 23, 1994.
0 @I36@ INDI
1 NAME Sara Helene /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 JUL 1989
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F11@
1 NOTE She was a twin sister to Erin Rhea.
0 @I37@ INDI
1 NAME Erin Rhea /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 JUL 1989
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F11@
1 NOTE She was a twin sister to Sara Helene.
0 @I38@ INDI
1 NAME James William /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 MAY 1847
2 PLAC Carey, Wyandot, Ohio
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 MAR 1928
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F28@
1 FAMS @F205@
1 FAMS @F12@
1 FAMS @F212@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Stationmaster at Wosley, South Dakota.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I39@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Elizabeth /LINCOLN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JUN 1861
2 PLAC Greensboro, Vermont
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 JUN 1905
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F60@
1 FAMS @F12@
0 @I40@ INDI
1 NAME Ione /BONSTEAD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 SEP 1933
2 PLAC Wallingford, Emmet, Iowa
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 APR 1988
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
2 NOTE She died of cancer.
1 BURI
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F56@
1 FAMS @F13@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Emmet County Treasurer
1 SOUR Slingerland, Roger
0 @I41@ INDI
1 NAME Ricky Lee /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 FEB 1957
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F13@
1 FAMS @F14@
0 @I42@ INDI
1 NAME Sherrie Lea /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 SEP 1958
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F13@
1 FAMS @F27@
1 NOTE As of April 1995, she lives at 311 Lakehill Drive, Worthington, Minnesota 
2 CONT 56187. She recieved a MS at Mankato State in Mankato, Minnesota.
1 SOUR Blundell, Sherrie Lea (Slingerland).  information provided on 16 Apr 1995 
2 CONT in Worthington, Minnesota.
0 @I43@ INDI
1 NAME Teresa /STEVENS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 APR 1956
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F55@
1 FAMS @F14@
0 @I44@ INDI
1 NAME Michael Glen /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 APR 1980
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F14@
0 @I45@ INDI
1 NAME Stacy Marie /SLINGERLAND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 FEB 1977
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F14@
0 @I46@ INDI
1 NAME Lee Gif /WILSON/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 NOV 1895
2 PLAC Portland, Indiana
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 MAR 1957
2 PLAC Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie, Iowa
1 BURI
2 DATE 11 MAR 1957
2 PLAC Memorial Park, Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie, Iowa
1 FAMC @F364@
1 FAMS @F15@
1 NOTE Glen served in the infantry of the National Guard from July 15, 1917 to 
2 CONT August 25, 1918.  He was in Company K, 133d Infantry.  He achieved a rank 
2 CONT of Private First Class.  His service number was 1 436 510.  He left the 
2 CONT National Guard to accept a commission in the United States Army, were he 
2 CONT earned a rank of Second Lieutenant serving in World War I.  He served in 
2 CONT the Army from August 26, 1918 to August 16, 1919.  He was in Company K, 
2 CONT 61st Infantry.  He served in France and Luxemburg.  After that he was a 
2 CONT truck driver.
1 SOUR Certificate of Death of Lee Gif Wilson, State of Iowa. From Iowa State 
2 CONT Department of Health, Ken Johnson, Director-Records & Statistics Division.
1 SOUR Military Discard Records of Lee Gif Wilson.
0 @I47@ INDI
1 NAME Carrie Augusta /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 AUG 1895
2 PLAC Gibson City, Ford, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 AUG 1986
2 PLAC Blue Earth, Faribault, Minnesota
1 BURI
2 DATE 25 AUG 1986
2 PLAC Titonka, Kosseth, Iowa
1 FAMC @F51@
1 FAMS @F15@
1 NOTE Homemaker, Seamstress
2 CONT Rug Braiding, sewing, quilting & baking
2 CONT Methodist
0 @I48@ INDI
1 NAME Shawna Leigh /ROSS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 APR 1982
2 PLAC Iowa City, Johnson, Iowa
1 FAMC @F16@
1 NOTE She currently lives at 21 Briar Place Drive, Estherville, Iowa 51334.
0 @I49@ INDI
1 NAME Jesse Eugene /ROSS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 JAN 1963
2 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh (Rec# 48).
1 FAMC @F264@
1 FAMS @F16@
0 @I50@ INDI
1 NAME Eric David /HOIEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAY 1958
1 FAMC @F50@
1 FAMS @F17@
1 SOUR Hoien, Eric David. Statements on November 23, 1994 and December 17, 1994.
0 @I51@ INDI
1 NAME Esther Elaine /WILSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 OCT 1925
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1990
2 NOTE She died of cancer.
1 BURI
2 NOTE She was cremated.  Her ashes were thrown over her mother's grave.
1 FAMC @F15@
1 FAMS @F53@
0 @I52@ INDI
1 NAME Zelma Carrie /WILSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JAN 1932
2 PLAC Wesley, Kossuth, Iowa
1 FAMC @F15@
1 FAMS @F54@
0 @I53@ INDI
1 NAME Leona Kay /WILSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 DEC 1935
2 PLAC Terril, Dickinson, Iowa
1 FAMC @F15@
1 FAMS @F52@
0 @I54@ INDI
1 NAME Norman Nile /WILSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1927
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 DEC 1940
2 PLAC Spirit Lake, Dickinson, Iowa
1 BURI
2 PLAC Terril, Dickinson, Iowa
1 FAMC @F15@
0 @I55@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /WENGE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Hornom, Denmark
2 NOTE Born on the farm "Lille Krogstrupholm."
1 DEAT
2 DATE MAR 1957
2 PLAC Flandreau, Moody, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F1156@
1 FAMS @F18@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I56@ INDI
1 NAME Ella Marie /PETERSON/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 MAY 1900
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1993
2 PLAC Flandreau, Moody, South Dakota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota Cemetery
1 FAMC @F26@
1 FAMS @F18@
0 @I57@ INDI
1 NAME Donald Raymond /WENGE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 MAY 1923
1 FAMC @F18@
1 FAMS @F3751@
1 FAMS @F724@
1 NOTE Served in World War II in 9th Army Corps.  Injured in Belgium.  As of 
2 CONT April, 1995 he lives at Rt. 2 Box 1581-C, Lot 143 Pine Circle, Lakeside, 
2 CONT Arizona 85929
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
1 SOUR Business Card of Donald R. Wenge & Beverly J. McCarty. ABT 1993
0 @I58@ INDI
1 NAME Verla Marie /WENGE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 APR 1926
2 PLAC Dell Rapids, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 JUL 1993
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 BURI
2 DATE 26 JUL 1993
2 PLAC Woodlawn Cemetery, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F18@
1 FAMS @F19@
0 @I59@ INDI
1 NAME Vincent James /WENGE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 MAR 1921
1 FAMC @F18@
1 NOTE Served in World War II.  7th Army Corps in France.  Was injured and lost 
2 CONT his right eye.  He farmed his entire life.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I60@ INDI
1 NAME Leslie Elman /WENGE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JAN 1922
1 FAMC @F18@
1 FAMS @F3750@
1 NOTE Served in World War II.  Injured in the battles in Italy.  He was a 
2 CONT farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I61@ INDI
1 NAME Karen M. /TORDOFF/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F19@
1 FAMS @F20@
1 NOTE She currently lives at 26011 468 Av, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107 and 
2 CONT her phone number is 605-334-1197.
0 @I62@ INDI
1 NAME Diane   /TORDOFF/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F19@
1 FAMS @F21@
0 @I63@ INDI
1 NAME Rosalie  /TORDOFF/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F19@
1 FAMS @F22@
0 @I64@ INDI
1 NAME Barbara /TORDOFF/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F19@
1 FAMS @F23@
0 @I65@ INDI
1 NAME Marlys /TORDOFF/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F19@
1 FAMS @F25@
0 @I66@ INDI
1 NAME Dale J. /TORDOFF/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 MAY 1979
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Woodlawn Cemetery, Sioux Falls
1 FAMS @F19@
0 @I67@ INDI
1 NAME Bruce /TORDOFF/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1953
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 MAR 1988
2 PLAC Sioux Falls, Minnehaha, South Dakota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Woodlawn Cemetery, Sioux Falls
1 FAMC @F19@
1 FAMS @F24@
0 @I68@ INDI
1 NAME Richard L. /STRATMEYER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F20@
1 NOTE He currently lives at 26011 468 Av, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107 and 
2 CONT his phone number is 605-334-1197.
0 @I69@ INDI
1 NAME  /PETERSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F21@
0 @I70@ INDI
1 NAME ? /BREWER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F22@
0 @I71@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /JONES/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F23@
0 @I72@ INDI
1 NAME Dianne //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1989
1 FAMS @F24@
0 @I73@ INDI
1 NAME Luis /HERRERA/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F25@
0 @I74@ INDI
1 NAME Luis /HERRERA/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1986
1 FAMC @F25@
0 @I75@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /PETERSON/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 FEB 1869
2 PLAC Fleisborg, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 JUN 1949
2 PLAC the United States
1 BURI
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota Cemetary
1 FAMC @F219@
1 FAMS @F26@
0 @I76@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 NOV 1867
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 APR 1927
1 BURI
2 PLAC Colman, South Dakota Cemetary
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F26@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I77@ INDI
1 NAME Marcella Jean /WENGE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 MAY 1928
1 FAMC @F18@
1 FAMS @F801@
1 NOTE RESIDENCES: 415 Meadowvale Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81504
1 SOUR Christmas card sent by Reginald W. and Marcella Nelson. 5 Dec 1994.
0 @I78@ INDI
1 NAME Holger Martin /PETERSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 NOV 1912
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F26@
1 FAMS @F32@
1 NOTE RESIDENCES: 4810 Marsha Lane, Wichata Falls, Texas 76302
0 @I79@ INDI
1 NAME Riley Jorgen /HOIEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUN 1993
2 PLAC Spirit Lake, Dickinson, Iowa
1 CHR
2 DATE 2 APR 1994
2 PLAC Spirit Lake, Dickinson, Iowa
1 FAMC @F17@
0 @I80@ INDI
1 NAME William Myron /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Colonel
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 JAN 1810
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 JUL 1869
1 FAMC @F29@
1 FAMS @F28@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I81@ INDI
1 NAME William Earl /BLUNDELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Rev.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 MAY 1953
2 PLAC Spokane, Washington
2 SOUR Blundell, Sherrie Lea (Slingerland).  information provided on 16 Apr 1995 
3 CONT in Worthington, Minnesota.
1 FAMC @F1202@
1 FAMS @F27@
1 NOTE As of April 1995, he lives at 311 Lakehill Drive Worthington, Minnesota.  
2 CONT He recieved a BA at Dana College in Blair, Nebraska and  the Master of Div 
2 CONT from Wartburg Seminary in Dubuqe, Iowa.
1 SOUR Blundell, William, Rev. Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I82@ INDI
1 NAME Seth William /BLUNDELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 DEC 1983
2 PLAC Albert Lea, Minnesota
1 BAPM
2 DATE 29 JAN 1984
1 FAMC @F27@
1 NOTE RESIDENCES: 311 Lakehill Drive Worthington, Minnesota
1 SOUR Blundell, William, Rev. Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I83@ INDI
1 NAME Kesse Leah /BLUNDELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 NOV 1981
2 PLAC Albert Lea, Minnesota
1 BAPM
2 DATE 27 DEC 1981
1 FAMC @F27@
1 NOTE RESIDENCES: 311 Lakehill Drive Worthington, Minnesota
1 SOUR Blundell, William, Rev. Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I84@ INDI
1 NAME Laura Persia /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 FEB 1812
2 PLAC Hartford, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 JUN 1849
2 PLAC Carey, Wyandot, Ohio
1 FAMC @F62@
1 FAMS @F28@
0 @I85@ INDI
1 NAME David /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 SEP 1776
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F30@
1 FAMS @F29@
0 @I86@ INDI
1 NAME Lodama /PINNEY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F29@
0 @I87@ INDI
1 NAME Solomon /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Captain
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 AUG 1734
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 MAR 1793
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 BURI
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F31@
1 FAMS @F30@
1 NOTE Lt. of First Alarm Company, Conn.
1 SOUR DAR Vol. 16 Pg. 382
1 SOUR DAR Vol. 19 Pg. 91
0 @I88@ INDI
1 NAME Lydia /CASE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 MAR 1735
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 MAY 1818
1 FAMC @F121@
1 FAMS @F30@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I89@ INDI
1 NAME Solomon /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F30@
0 @I90@ INDI
1 NAME Lidia /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F30@
0 @I91@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F30@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I92@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1711
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F35@
1 FAMS @F31@
0 @I93@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BARBER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 JAN 1708
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 FEB 1745
1 FAMC @F123@
1 FAMS @F31@
0 @I94@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 AUG 1734
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1734
1 FAMC @F31@
0 @I95@ INDI
1 NAME Myrtle Bertine /TEIGEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 NOV 1911
2 PLAC Grenville, Day, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F593@
1 FAMS @F32@
0 @I96@ INDI
1 NAME Robert Kent /PETERSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 AUG 1943
2 PLAC Mississippi City, Mississippi
1 FAMC @F32@
1 FAMS @F594@
0 @I97@ INDI
1 NAME Janice Marie /PETERSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 APR 1946
2 PLAC Mississippi City, Mississippi
1 FAMC @F32@
1 FAMS @F595@
0 @I98@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christian /PETERSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 FEB 1902
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 DEC 1951
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Colman Cemetery, Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F26@
0 @I99@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Margrete /PETERSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 OCT 1903
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 MAY 1932
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 BURI
2 PLAC Colman Cemetery, Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 FAMC @F26@
0 @I100@ INDI
1 NAME Axel Petrus /PETERSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1905
2 PLAC Colman, Moody, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 3 DEC 1968
1 BURI
2 DATE 3 DEC 1968
2 PLAC Eau Claire, Wisconsin
1 FAMC @F26@
1 FAMS @F33@
0 @I101@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /RISK/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F33@
0 @I102@ INDI
1 NAME Eileen Joyce /PETERSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JAN 1944
1 FAMC @F33@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 28.
0 @I103@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christen /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 DEC 1844
1 FAMC @F218@
1 FAMS @F34@
1 NOTE Took over Christen Gatten's farm in Oudrup.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I104@ INDI
1 NAME Ane /MORTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1848
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Logsitor, Denmark
1 FAMS @F34@
1 NOTE She was a foster child of Christen Gatten, farmer in Oudrup.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I105@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sergeant
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 MAY 1686
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F37@
1 FAMS @F36@
1 FAMS @F35@
0 @I106@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1680
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1740
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F35@
0 @I107@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /ORTEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F36@
0 @I108@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 AUG 1644
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 JAN 1728
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F41@
1 FAMS @F37@
1 FAMS @F3571@
1 FAMS @F3572@
1 NOTE Moved to Simsbury in 1670 where he became one of the pioneers and earliest 
2 CONT settlers.  Peter was awarded portion of Hog's Meadow in the first grants 
2 CONT of 1667.  He was part of committee of 3 of the town of Simsbury, granting 
2 CONT privledges to Indians to hunt venison.  He was a sergeant in the trained 
2 CONT band of Simsbury and one of the representatives elected from the town to 
2 CONT the general assembly in 1687.
0 @I109@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /COGGAN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Taunton, Bristol, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F126@
1 FAMS @F37@
1 NOTE Last name may be spelled:  Coggins, Cogan, or Cozzens
0 @I110@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /BUEL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1671/1672
1 FAMC @F37@
0 @I111@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 MAY 1673
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 JUL 1727
1 FAMC @F37@
1 FAMS @F38@
0 @I112@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 DEC 1675
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 SEP 1760
1 FAMC @F37@
1 FAMS @F39@
0 @I113@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 DEC 1677
1 FAMC @F37@
1 FAMS @F4535@
0 @I114@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JAN 1679
1 FAMC @F37@
0 @I115@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 APR 1681
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 OCT 1703
1 FAMC @F37@
0 @I116@ INDI
1 NAME Ephraim /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 FEB 1682
1 FAMC @F37@
1 FAMS @F263@
0 @I117@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1684
1 FAMC @F37@
1 FAMS @F40@
0 @I118@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F38@
0 @I119@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F248@
1 FAMS @F39@
1 SOUR EthelB (AOL user).  Letter addressed to Eochaid@aol.com "Lots of News" 
2 CONT sent Feb 28, 1995 22:06:04
0 @I120@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /SAXTON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F320@
1 FAMS @F40@
1 SOUR Town Records of Simsbury, Connecticut. 1898
0 @I121@ INDI
1 NAME William /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 2048
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1610
2 PLAC Chestertown, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 NOV 1681
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F46@
1 FAMS @F41@
1 NOTE He was a Welshman and immigrated to America about 1630.  He was the first 
2 CONT land division of Windsor, Connecticut.  He and his wife were Baptists, 
2 CONT religious enthusiasts known in Old and New England as Puritans.  He was a 
2 CONT man of some considerable position in society, a man of property and good 
2 CONT personal character.
0 @I122@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /POST/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 2049
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1619
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 SEP 1684
1 FAMS @F41@
0 @I123@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 SEP 1641
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 JUL 1720
1 FAMC @F41@
1 FAMS @F42@
1 NOTE Settled in Killingworth.
0 @I124@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 SEP 1642
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 JUN 1718
1 FAMC @F41@
1 FAMS @F43@
0 @I125@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 JAN 1647
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 SEP 1704
1 FAMC @F41@
1 FAMS @F44@
0 @I126@ INDI
1 NAME Hepzibah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 DEC 1649
1 DEAT
2 DATE MAR 1704
1 FAMC @F41@
1 FAMS @F45@
1 FAMS @F1083@
1 NOTE Thomas and Hebzibah had eight childern.  On June 6, 1693, Hepzibah and two 
2 CONT of her children were tomahawked by Indians and the family was broken up.  
2 CONT Hepzibah was taken prisoner when the town of Deerfield was sacked in 1704 
2 CONT and was killed on the march to Canada.
0 @I127@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAR 1654
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1734
1 FAMC @F41@
0 @I128@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 FEB 1656
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1681
1 FAMC @F41@
0 @I129@ INDI
1 NAME Deborah /GRISWOLD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F42@
0 @I130@ INDI
1 NAME Simon /MILLS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F43@
0 @I131@ INDI
1 NAME Timothy /PALMER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F44@
0 @I132@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /WELLES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1652
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1691
2 PLAC Deerfield, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F241@
1 FAMS @F45@
1 NOTE He was a volunteer under Captain Holyoke at the Falls Fight, May 19, 1676; 
2 CONT settled in Deerfield, 1682.  He was commissioned ensign in the Malitia by 
2 CONT Colonel John Pynchon.  He was made lieutenant of the "Standing Forces" by 
2 CONT Governor Andros, February 18, 1686--when he made up his own little private 
2 CONT army--but Welles took sides against Andros in 1688, and was representative 
2 CONT from Deerfield in the "People's Legislature" in 1689; was military 
2 CONT commander in Deerfield from 1686 to his death in 1691.  He married on 
2 CONT January 12, 1672 Hepzibah, daughter of William Buell.  They had eight 
2 CONT children.
0 @I133@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 REFN 4096
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1575
2 PLAC Chestertown, Hampfordshire, England
2 SOUR EthelB (AOL user).  Letter addressed to Eochaid@aol.com "Lots of News" 
3 CONT sent Feb 28, 1995 22:06:04
1 FAMC @F2650@
1 FAMS @F46@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I134@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine /GOODE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 4097
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1592
2 PLAC Chestertown, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 DEC 1639
1 FAMC @F2652@
1 FAMS @F46@
1 SOUR EthelB (AOL user).  Letter addressed to Eochaid@aol.com "Lots of News" 
2 CONT sent Feb 28, 1995 22:06:04
0 @I135@ INDI
1 NAME George /BAHR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F3794@
1 FAMS @F47@
0 @I136@ INDI
1 NAME Sandra Elizabeth /SCHUTH/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 APR 1965
2 PLAC LaCrosse, Wisconsin
1 FAMS @F48@
1 NOTE Her e-mail address is indira@prism.nmt.edu
1 SOUR Flinsch, Montgomery Robert.  Internet name mflinsch@prism.nmt.edu.  E-mail 
2 CONT to eochaid@aol.com "Re:  Your Family Tree" sent Mar 29, 1995 00:40:36 EST.
0 @I137@ INDI
1 NAME Grace Elizabeth Uhuru /FLINSCH/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 APR 1988
2 PLAC Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F48@
1 SOUR Flinsch, Montgomery Robert.  Internet name mflinsch@prism.nmt.edu.  E-mail 
2 CONT to eochaid@aol.com "Re:  Your Family Tree" sent Mar 29, 1995 00:40:36 EST.
0 @I138@ INDI
1 NAME Olivia Elizabeth Afton /FLINSCH/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 MAY 1992
2 PLAC Winona, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F48@
1 SOUR Flinsch, Montgomery Robert.  Internet name mflinsch@prism.nmt.edu.  E-mail 
2 CONT to eochaid@aol.com "Re:  Your Family Tree" sent Mar 29, 1995 00:40:36 EST.
0 @I139@ INDI
1 NAME James Dorsey /FLINSCH/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JUL 1945
1 FAMS @F49@
1 SOUR Flinsch, Montgomery Robert.  Internet name mflinsch@prism.nmt.edu.  E-mail 
2 CONT to eochaid@aol.com "Re:  Your Family Tree" sent Mar 29, 1995 00:40:36 EST.
0 @I140@ INDI
1 NAME Blaine /HOIEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Ruthven, Iowa
1 FAMS @F50@
0 @I141@ INDI
1 NAME Dorothy //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F50@
0 @I142@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel Grant /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 DEC 1863
2 PLAC Springfield, Sangamon, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 MAR 1960
2 PLAC Titonka, Kossuth, Iowa
1 BURI
2 PLAC Buffalo Tp. Cem., Buffalo Twp., Kossuth, Iowa
1 FAMC @F337@
1 FAMS @F51@
1 FAMS @F323@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Farmer
0 @I143@ INDI
1 NAME Grover Thomas /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 MAR 1893
2 PLAC Gibson City, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 FEB 1966
2 PLAC Britt, Iowa
1 BURI
2 PLAC Titonka, Iowa
1 FAMC @F51@
1 NOTE Custom Welding
2 CONT Never married
0 @I144@ INDI
1 NAME Carmen /OGILVIE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JAN 1956
1 FAMC @F52@
1 FAMS @F365@
0 @I145@ INDI
1 NAME Kim /OGILVIE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 DEC 1956
1 FAMC @F52@
1 FAMS @F366@
0 @I146@ INDI
1 NAME David /OGILVIE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JAN 1958
1 FAMC @F52@
1 FAMS @F367@
0 @I147@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /OGILVIE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 APR 1959
1 FAMC @F52@
1 FAMS @F368@
1 FAMS @F369@
0 @I148@ INDI
1 NAME Carrie /OGILVIE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 AUG 1960
1 FAMC @F52@
1 FAMS @F370@
0 @I149@ INDI
1 NAME Roger Paul /OGILVIE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 MAR 1931
1 FAMC @F238@
1 FAMS @F52@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Farmer and Truck Driver
0 @I150@ INDI
1 NAME Cecil /BIGLEY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F53@
0 @I151@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /BIGLEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 APR 1954
1 FAMC @F53@
0 @I152@ INDI
1 NAME David /BIGLEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE NOV 1956
1 FAMC @F53@
0 @I153@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /CLARK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Chicago, Illinois
1 FAMC @F1322@
1 FAMS @F1323@
1 FAMS @F54@
1 NOTE He had a pet eagle named "Dizzy"
0 @I154@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /STEVENS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F55@
0 @I155@ INDI
1 NAME Janice /DEMONY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F55@
0 @I156@ INDI
1 NAME Greg /STEVENS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F55@
0 @I157@ INDI
1 NAME Gerald /BONSTEAD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F56@
0 @I158@ INDI
1 NAME Inez //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F56@
0 @I159@ INDI
1 NAME Gregory Russel /HECHT/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 OCT 1965
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F931@
1 FAMS @F914@
1 FAMS @F57@
1 NOTE He currently lives at 21 Briar Place Drive, Estherville, Iowa 51334.
0 @I160@ INDI
1 NAME Erma Myrtle /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 MAR 1891
2 PLAC Gibson City, Illinois
1 FAMC @F51@
1 FAMS @F330@
1 FAMS @F331@
0 @I161@ INDI
1 NAME Louis /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1866
2 PLAC Salem, Kenosha, Wisconsin
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 FEB 1913
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 BURI
2 PLAC Pleasant Hill Cemetary
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 FAMS @F58@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I162@ INDI
1 NAME Earl Vance /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1907
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 FAMC @F58@
1 FAMS @F59@
1 NOTE As of April, 1995 he lives at 115 3 Ave SE, Pipestone, Minnesota 56164.  
2 CONT His phone number is 507-825-2658.
1 SOUR Buell, Beverly Anne (Wenge)
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I163@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Violet /NASH/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 SEP 1913
2 PLAC Woodstock, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F1234@
1 FAMS @F59@
1 NOTE As of April, 1995 she lives at 115 3 Ave SE, Pipestone, Minnesota 56164.  
2 CONT Her phone number is 507-825-2658.
1 SOUR Buell, Beverly Anne (Wenge)
0 @I164@ INDI
1 NAME Maria T. /LADD/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 35
1 FAMS @F60@
0 @I165@ INDI
1 NAME William W. /LINCOLN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 34
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 DEC 1828
2 PLAC Greensboro, Vermont
1 FAMC @F61@
1 FAMS @F60@
0 @I166@ INDI
1 NAME Evelyn //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F238@
0 @I167@ INDI
1 NAME Willard /LINCOLN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 68
1 FAMS @F61@
0 @I168@ INDI
1 NAME James E. /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 MAR 1777
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1861
2 PLAC New Hartford, Litchfield, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F68@
1 FAMS @F62@
0 @I169@ INDI
1 NAME Persia /SHAW/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F104@
1 FAMS @F62@
0 @I170@ INDI
1 NAME Emily /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F62@
1 FAMS @F63@
0 @I171@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F62@
1 FAMS @F64@
0 @I172@ INDI
1 NAME Franklin /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F62@
1 FAMS @F65@
0 @I173@ INDI
1 NAME Julia /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F62@
0 @I174@ INDI
1 NAME James /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F62@
1 FAMS @F66@
0 @I175@ INDI
1 NAME Hiram /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F62@
1 FAMS @F67@
0 @I176@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /CROSBY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F63@
0 @I177@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Cooley /SMITH/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F64@
0 @I178@ INDI
1 NAME Pamela /ORNE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F65@
0 @I179@ INDI
1 NAME Harriet /JOHNSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F66@
0 @I180@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen G. /BROWN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F67@
0 @I181@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1741
2 PLAC Norwich, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 SEP 1781
1 BURI
2 PLAC Starr Cemetery, Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F69@
1 FAMS @F68@
1 NOTE Fought in the Revolutionary War, was a Sergeant in the Conn. Division.  
2 CONT Gave life in defense of Fort Giswold.
0 @I182@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1747
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 AUG 1782
1 FAMC @F97@
1 FAMS @F68@
0 @I183@ INDI
1 NAME Vine /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JAN 1716
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1799
1 FAMC @F73@
1 FAMS @F69@
1 NOTE Fought in the Revolutionary War, was a Sergeant in the Conn. Division.
0 @I184@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /STREET/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 NOV 1716
2 PLAC Wallingford, New Haven, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 DEC 1789
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F91@
1 FAMS @F69@
0 @I185@ INDI
1 NAME Vine /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 FEB 1739
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 JUL 1747
1 FAMC @F69@
0 @I186@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JAN 1744
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 MAR 1782
1 FAMC @F69@
1 FAMS @F70@
0 @I187@ INDI
1 NAME Betsey /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAY 1746
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 AUG 1747
1 FAMC @F69@
0 @I188@ INDI
1 NAME Eunice /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JUL 1748
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 MAR 1813
1 FAMC @F69@
1 FAMS @F71@
0 @I189@ INDI
1 NAME Comfort /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 JUN 1751
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 AUG 1852
1 FAMC @F69@
0 @I190@ INDI
1 NAME Jesse /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 NOV 1753
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 MAY 1798
1 FAMC @F69@
1 FAMS @F72@
0 @I191@ INDI
1 NAME Vine /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 FEB 1757
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1831
1 FAMC @F69@
0 @I192@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F70@
0 @I193@ INDI
1 NAME Nathan /BRECKWAY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F71@
0 @I194@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /DEWEY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F72@
0 @I195@ INDI
1 NAME Jonathan /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 FEB 1674
2 PLAC New London, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 AUG 1747
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 BURI
2 PLAC Starr Cemetery, Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F80@
1 FAMS @F73@
0 @I196@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /MORGAN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 SEP 1678
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE AUG 1763
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 BURI
2 PLAC Starr Cemetery, Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F88@
1 FAMS @F73@
1 FAMS @F74@
1 NOTE Elizabeth married Deacon Thomas Adgate when Jonathan Starr died but is 
2 CONT buried next to Jonathan Starr in the Starr Cemetery
0 @I197@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /ADGATE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Deacon
1 FAMS @F74@
0 @I198@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 NOV 1699
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1786
1 FAMC @F73@
1 FAMS @F75@
0 @I199@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 AUG 1701
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 JAN 1779
1 FAMC @F73@
1 FAMS @F76@
0 @I200@ INDI
1 NAME Jonathan  /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 AUG 1705
1 FAMC @F73@
0 @I201@ INDI
1 NAME Lucy /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1708
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 MAR 1809
1 FAMC @F73@
1 FAMS @F77@
0 @I202@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 DEC 1710
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1795
1 FAMC @F73@
0 @I203@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 JUL 1713
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 OCT 1795
1 FAMC @F73@
1 FAMS @F78@
0 @I204@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAR 1718
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 FEB 1805
1 FAMC @F73@
0 @I205@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 AUG 1722
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 MAY 1779
1 FAMC @F73@
1 FAMS @F79@
0 @I206@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 FEB 1724
1 FAMC @F73@
0 @I207@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BUSHNELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F75@
0 @I208@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /TURNER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F76@
0 @I209@ INDI
1 NAME Hawkins /TURNER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F77@
0 @I210@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /AVERY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F78@
0 @I211@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /ELDREDGE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F79@
0 @I212@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1640
2 PLAC Massachusets
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1687
2 PLAC New London, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F1646@
1 FAMS @F80@
1 NOTE Starr County Marshall from 1674-1687.  Lived at Main and State Streets.  
2 CONT In 1670 he proposed ferry at Norwich.
0 @I213@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /BREWSTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 NOV 1641
2 PLAC Duxbury, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1691
2 PLAC New London, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F83@
1 FAMS @F80@
0 @I214@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Doctor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 DEC 1615
2 PLAC Kent, England
1 CHR
2 DATE 31 DEC 1615
2 PLAC St. Mary's Ch, Kent, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 OCT 1658
2 PLAC Charlestown, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F2563@
1 FAMS @F1646@
1 NOTE Was surgeon to forces fighting against the Pequot Indians.  Lived in 
2 CONT Duxbury, Scituat, Yarmouth, and Charlestown, Mass.  Old Starr house in 
2 CONT Guilford, Conn. 1694-1879.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I215@ INDI
1 NAME James Isaac /CASE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 MAY 1794
2 PLAC Norfolk,Litchfield,CT
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1852
2 PLAC ,Sanpete,UT
1 FAMC @F81@
1 FAMS @F1714@
0 @I216@ INDI
1 NAME Comfort /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Doctor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 JUL 1590
2 PLAC Cranbrook, Kent, England
2 SOUR McCulloh, William Robert. AOL user Billybobmc.  E-mail addressed to 
3 CONT Eochaid@aol.com "Dr Comfort Starr" sent on Feb 27, 1995 14:02:01 EST.
1 FAMC @F2564@
1 FAMS @F82@
1 FAMS @F2563@
0 @I217@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 JAN 1583
2 PLAC Kent, England
1 BAPM
2 DATE 1583
2 PLAC Ashford, Kent Co., England
1 FAMS @F82@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I218@ INDI
1 NAME Margie /WILSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1921
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1921
2 NOTE She was stillborn.
1 FAMC @F15@
0 @I219@ INDI
1 NAME Lyle /WILSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1923
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1925
2 NOTE He died at 2 years of age.
1 FAMC @F15@
0 @I220@ INDI
1 NAME Jonathan /BREWSTER/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1593
2 PLAC Scrouby, Nottinghamshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 AUG 1659
2 PLAC New London, New London, Connecticut
1 BURI
2 PLAC Brewster S Neck, Preston, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F84@
1 FAMS @F83@
0 @I221@ INDI
1 NAME Lucretia /OLDHAM/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BAPM
2 DATE 14 JAN 1600
2 PLAC Darby, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 MAR 1678
2 PLAC New London, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F86@
1 FAMS @F83@
0 @I222@ INDI
1 NAME William /BREWSTER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Elder
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1567
2 PLAC Scrooby, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 APR 1644
2 PLAC Plymoth, Massachusetts
1 BURI
2 PLAC Plymoth Hall
1 FAMC @F85@
1 FAMS @F84@
1 NOTE He was the leader of the Pilgrim Fathers and a founder of the Plymouth 
2 CONT Colony. He studied briefly at Peterhouse, University of Cambridge. From 
2 CONT 1584 to 1587 he was in the service of an English ambassador, William 
2 CONT Davison (1541?-1608), and after 1590 he was bailiff and postmaster in 
2 CONT Scrooby. There he organized a group of religious dissenters, often called 
2 CONT the Pilgrims, who in 1606 separated from the Church of England. Two years 
2 CONT later Brewster and some Pilgrims, to avoid persecution, moved to the 
2 CONT Netherlands, settling in Leiden. He was the ruling elder of the sect, and 
2 CONT he supported himself by teaching and by publishing religious books that 
2 CONT had been banned by the English government. With another Pilgrim leader, 
2 CONT William Bradford, he returned to England in 1619 and secured a patent from 
2 CONT the Virginia Company for a tract of land in America. Brewster remained in 
2 CONT England until September 16, 1620, when he boarded the Mayflower for the 
2 CONT trip to America. He was a signer of the Mayflower Compact and of the 
2 CONT constitution of Plymouth Colony, and he continued as a leader of the 
2 CONT colony. Until 1629, when an ordained minister was appointed, Brewster was 
2 CONT the only church officer at the Plymouth Colony.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I223@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1568
2 PLAC England
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1627
2 PLAC Plymoth Colony, Massachusetts
1 FAMS @F84@
0 @I224@ INDI
1 NAME William /BREWSTER/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC England
1 FAMS @F85@
0 @I225@ INDI
1 NAME William /OULDHAM/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F86@
0 @I226@ INDI
1 NAME Philippa /SOWTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F87@
1 FAMS @F86@
0 @I227@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /SOWTER/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F87@
0 @I228@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /TURNAR/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F87@
0 @I229@ INDI
1 NAME James /MORGAN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Captain
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 MAR 1644
2 PLAC Roxbury, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 DEC 1711
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F89@
1 FAMS @F88@
1 NOTE Captain James Morgan was one of the first church Deacons in the First 
2 CONT Church in Groton, Conn.  Moderator at town meetings after incorporation in 
2 CONT 1705.  Was Captain and Commander of "Dragoon" force of New London County.  
2 CONT Advisor to Pequot tribe of Indians
0 @I230@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /VINE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1641
2 PLAC England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1689
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
2 NOTE She died of Thoart Distemper
1 FAMS @F88@
0 @I231@ INDI
1 NAME James /MORGAN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1607
2 PLAC Wales, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1685
2 PLAC New London, New London, Connecticut
1 IMMI
2 DATE APR 1637
1 FAMC @F90@
1 FAMS @F89@
0 @I232@ INDI
1 NAME Margery /HILL/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Roxbury, Massachusetts
1 FAMS @F89@
0 @I233@ INDI
1 NAME William /MORGAN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F90@
0 @I234@ INDI
1 NAME John /MORGAN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F90@
0 @I235@ INDI
1 NAME Miles /MORGAN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F90@
0 @I236@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /STREET/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1677
2 PLAC Wallingford, New Haven, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 JUN 1727
2 PLAC Wallingford, New Haven, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F92@
1 FAMS @F91@
1 NOTE Was a tailor, apointed deputy for the Govenor in October 1717, and King's 
2 CONT Deputy 1729.  He was one of four signers to grant land to the Pequot 
2 CONT Indians in 3-20-1720
0 @I237@ INDI
1 NAME Jerusha /MORGAN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1682
1 FAMC @F88@
1 FAMS @F91@
0 @I238@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /STREET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Rev.
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1635
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1717
2 PLAC Wallingford, New Haven, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F93@
1 FAMS @F92@
1 NOTE Graduated from Harvard in 1664, 7th in class.  Taught school for 10 years 
2 CONT in Hew Haven.  Pastored for 45 years in Wallingford, Conn. Original signed 
2 CONT of plantation covenant of Wallingford in 1710.
0 @I239@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /MILES/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 JUL 1730
1 FAMS @F92@
0 @I240@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /STREET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Rev.
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1603
2 PLAC Bridgewater, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 APR 1674
2 PLAC New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F96@
1 FAMS @F93@
1 FAMS @F94@
1 NOTE He obtained a Bachelor's Degree from Oxford in 2/21/1624.  He came to 
2 CONT America between 1630 and 1638.  Pastored First Church of Christ in New 
2 CONT Haven, Conn.
0 @I241@ INDI
1 NAME Susannah /GILBERT/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F93@
0 @I242@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /NEWMAN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1683
1 FAMS @F94@
1 FAMS @F95@
0 @I243@ INDI
1 NAME Francis /NEWMAN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Govenor
1 DEAT
2 PLAC New Haven
1 FAMS @F95@
0 @I244@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /STREET/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F96@
0 @I245@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 APR 1711
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 MAY 1759
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 BURI
2 PLAC Starr Cemetary, Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F103@
1 FAMS @F97@
0 @I246@ INDI
1 NAME Jerusha /STREET/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1715
2 PLAC Wallingford, New Haven, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 JUL 1790
2 PLAC Groton, New London, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F91@
1 FAMS @F97@
0 @I247@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JUL 1734
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 NOV 1800
1 FAMC @F97@
1 FAMS @F98@
0 @I248@ INDI
1 NAME Jerusha /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 AUG 1737
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 AUG 1760
1 FAMC @F97@
1 FAMS @F99@
0 @I249@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 JAN 1740
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 AUG 1824
1 FAMC @F97@
1 FAMS @F100@
0 @I250@ INDI
1 NAME John /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JAN 1743
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 AUG 1824
1 FAMC @F97@
1 FAMS @F101@
0 @I251@ INDI
1 NAME William /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 APR 1745
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 DEC 1815
1 FAMC @F97@
1 FAMS @F102@
0 @I252@ INDI
1 NAME James /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 MAY 1751
1 FAMC @F97@
0 @I253@ INDI
1 NAME Rachel /STARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1755
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 NOV 1778
1 FAMC @F97@
0 @I254@ INDI
1 NAME Zipporah /STREET/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F98@
0 @I255@ INDI
1 NAME Benajah /CHESTER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F99@
0 @I256@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel /THATCHER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F100@
0 @I257@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /SHARP/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F101@
0 @I258@ INDI
1 NAME Freelove /BAILEY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F102@
0 @I259@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F80@
1 FAMS @F103@
0 @I260@ INDI
1 NAME Mercy /MORGAN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 MAR 1670
1 FAMC @F88@
1 FAMS @F103@
0 @I261@ INDI
1 NAME David /SHAW/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1749
2 PLAC East Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 JUN 1824
1 FAMS @F104@
1 NOTE He fought in American Revolutionary War.
0 @I262@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Kellogg /TERRY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 APR 1754
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 JAN 1808
1 FAMC @F105@
1 FAMS @F104@
0 @I263@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /TERRY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 OCT 1725
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 MAY 1798
2 PLAC Westfield, Hampden, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F106@
1 FAMS @F105@
1 NOTE He was an innkeeper.
0 @I264@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /KELLOGG/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 OCT 1730
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 FEB 1801
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F193@
1 FAMS @F105@
0 @I265@ INDI
1 NAME Ephraim /TERRY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 OCT 1701
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1783
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F107@
1 FAMS @F106@
1 NOTE Moderator of Town Meeting in Enfield, Conn. chairman of committee.  To 
2 CONT recieve sufferers from passage of Boston Port Bill 1774.  Justic of the 
2 CONT Piece of Hartford County 1776.
0 @I266@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /COLLINS/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 DEC 1702
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1778
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F115@
1 FAMS @F106@
1 NOTE Had 11 children, Samuel was number 2.
0 @I267@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /TERRY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Captain
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1661
2 PLAC Springfield, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 JAN 1730
1 FAMC @F110@
1 FAMS @F108@
1 FAMS @F107@
0 @I268@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /BOARDMAN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 AUG 1666
2 PLAC Wethersfield, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1743
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F112@
1 FAMS @F109@
1 FAMS @F107@
0 @I269@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /MORGAN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1696
1 FAMS @F108@
0 @I270@ INDI
1 NAME Benjamin /CRANE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 FAMS @F109@
0 @I271@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /TERRY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1634
2 PLAC Barnet, England
1 FAMC @F111@
1 FAMS @F110@
1 NOTE He worked for WM. Pynchon and may have been an orphan.  Landed in Boston 
2 CONT 7/2/1650.  Granted 10 acres on "Chickkuppee Plain" 1654.
0 @I272@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /LOBDELL/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F110@
0 @I273@ INDI
1 NAME William /TERRY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F111@
0 @I274@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BOREMAN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1615
2 PLAC Banbury, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1673
2 PLAC Wethersfield, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F113@
1 FAMS @F112@
1 NOTE Was a cooper in Ipswich, Mass. eventually moved to Hartford and 
2 CONT Wethersfield.
0 @I275@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BETTS/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F114@
1 FAMS @F112@
0 @I276@ INDI
1 NAME Christopher /BOREMAN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 PLAC near Banbury, Claydon, England
1 FAMS @F113@
0 @I277@ INDI
1 NAME Julian /CARTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Claydon, England
1 FAMS @F113@
0 @I278@ INDI
1 NAME John /BETTS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Claydon, England
1 FAMS @F114@
0 @I279@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1647
2 PLAC Hartford, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMS @F114@
1 NOTE Emmigrated to New England as a widow and had portion of land grant of 
2 CONT Hartford.
0 @I280@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /COLLINS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Rev.
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUN 1677
2 PLAC Middletown, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 DEC 1756
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F116@
1 FAMS @F115@
1 FAMS @F195@
1 NOTE Graduated from Harvard in 1697.  Ordained at Enfield, Conn. 6/3/1699.  
2 CONT First pastor of First Separatist Church from 1699 to 1724.  Town clerk 
2 CONT 1729-1735.
0 @I281@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /ADAMS/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 APR 1682
2 PLAC Dedham, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 FEB 1735
2 PLAC Enfield, Hartford, Connectciut
1 FAMC @F117@
1 FAMS @F115@
0 @I282@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /COLLINS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F116@
1 NOTE Graduated from Harvard, 1660.
0 @I283@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /WHITING/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F116@
0 @I284@ INDI
1 NAME William /ADAMS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Rev.
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 MAY 1650
2 PLAC Ipswich, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 AUG 1685
2 PLAC Dedham, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F118@
1 FAMS @F117@
1 NOTE Graduated from Harvard in 1671.  Pastor at Dedham.
0 @I285@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /BRADFORD/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1659
2 PLAC Plymouth, Massachusettts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 MAR 1745
2 PLAC Canterbury, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F119@
1 FAMS @F117@
0 @I286@ INDI
1 NAME William /ADAMS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F118@
0 @I287@ INDI
1 NAME William /BRADFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Major
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 JUN 1624
2 PLAC Plymouth, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 FEB 1703
1 FAMC @F186@
1 FAMS @F119@
1 FAMS @F2273@
1 NOTE Inherited a large estate from his father.  A Major and Commander-in-Chief 
2 CONT of Plymouth forces at Great Swamp Fight 1675 and severly wounded.  Deputy 
2 CONT 1657, Assistant 1659-81, Deputy governor of Plymouth 1682-6, 1689-91.  
2 CONT Member of Council of Mass. in 1691, treasurer 1679-85, 1689-91.
0 @I288@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /RICHARDS/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JUN 1627
2 PLAC Weymouth, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 DEC 1671
2 PLAC Plymouth, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F120@
1 FAMS @F119@
0 @I289@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /RICHARDS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F2904@
1 FAMS @F120@
0 @I290@ INDI
1 NAME Welthian /LORING/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F120@
0 @I291@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /CASE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Deacon
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F122@
1 FAMS @F121@
0 @I292@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /WOODFORD/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F121@
0 @I293@ INDI
1 NAME Bartholomew /CASE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE OCT 1670
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 OCT 1725
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F167@
1 FAMS @F122@
0 @I294@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HUMPHREY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 APR 1674
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F124@
1 FAMS @F122@
0 @I295@ INDI
1 NAME John /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 NOV 1662
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 MAR 1712
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F161@
1 FAMS @F123@
0 @I296@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1676
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 OCT 1725
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F123@
1 FAMS @F263@
0 @I297@ INDI
1 NAME John /HUMPHREY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F124@
0 @I298@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /GRIFFIN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F124@
0 @I299@ INDI
1 NAME Joshua /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 1026
1 BIRT
2 DATE APR 1640
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 BAPM
2 DATE 27 SEP 1640
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 SEP 1690
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F125@
0 @I300@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth /SHERWOOD/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 1027
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1699
2 PLAC Simsbury, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F160@
1 FAMS @F125@
0 @I301@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /COGGAN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 2050
1 FAMS @F126@
0 @I302@ INDI
1 NAME Joan //
1 SEX F
1 REFN 2051
1 FAMS @F126@
0 @I303@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 2052
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1601
2 PLAC Pembrokeshire, Wales, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1657
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F128@
1 FAMS @F127@
1 NOTE First of Holcomb family to emigrate to America. Came over on the "Mary and 
2 CONT John".
0 @I304@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /FERGUSON/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 2053
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Wales, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 OCT 1679
1 FAMC @F4630@
1 FAMS @F127@
1 FAMS @F251@
0 @I305@ INDI
1 NAME Gilbert /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 4104
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1565
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1600
1 FAMC @F130@
1 FAMS @F128@
0 @I306@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /COURTENAY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 4105
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1573
2 PLAC Ladock, Cornwall, England
1 FAMC @F129@
1 FAMS @F128@
0 @I307@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /COURTENAY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 8210
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1536
2 PLAC Ladock, Cornwall, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 28 MAY 1606
1 PROB
2 DATE 28 MAY 1606
1 FAMC @F526@
1 FAMS @F129@
0 @I308@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas H. /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 8208
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Hole, Devon, England
1 FAMC @F131@
1 FAMS @F130@
0 @I309@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /TRETHURFE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 8209
1 FAMC @F4299@
1 FAMS @F130@
0 @I310@ INDI
1 NAME Ellis /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1514
2 PLAC Hole, Devon, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1585
1 FAMC @F133@
1 FAMS @F131@
0 @I311@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /SYDENHAM/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Dorset, England
1 FAMC @F132@
1 FAMS @F131@
0 @I312@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /SYDENHAM/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Dorset, England
1 FAMS @F132@
0 @I313@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1472
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1528
1 FAMC @F134@
1 FAMS @F133@
0 @I314@ INDI
1 NAME Jane //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F133@
0 @I315@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F135@
1 FAMS @F134@
0 @I316@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /AVENELL/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F136@
1 FAMS @F134@
0 @I317@ INDI
1 NAME John /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F137@
1 FAMS @F135@
0 @I318@ INDI
1 NAME Joane /FALKEROY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F1274@
1 FAMS @F135@
0 @I319@ INDI
1 NAME John /AVENELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Blackpool
1 FAMS @F136@
0 @I320@ INDI
1 NAME William /BEARDSLEY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F242@
0 @I321@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F242@
0 @I322@ INDI
1 NAME John /HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F138@
1 FAMS @F137@
0 @I323@ INDI
1 NAME Isabel /DOWN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F143@
1 FAMS @F137@
0 @I324@ INDI
1 NAME Walter /DE HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord of Holcombe
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1301
1 FAMC @F139@
1 FAMS @F138@
0 @I325@ INDI
1 NAME ? /DE HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F140@
1 FAMS @F139@
0 @I326@ INDI
1 NAME ? /DE HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F141@
1 FAMS @F140@
0 @I327@ INDI
1 NAME ? /DE HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F142@
1 FAMS @F141@
0 @I328@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE HOLCOMBE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F142@
1 NOTE He was knighted and granted the manor of Holcombe by Richard the Lion 
2 CONT hearted for heroic action in battle in Palestine in the 3rd Crusade.
0 @I329@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh /DOWN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F4204@
1 FAMS @F143@
0 @I330@ INDI
1 NAME Ralph /DOWNE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F144@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) (Rec# 435). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 
2 CONT 1978. Chart #33
0 @I331@ INDI
1 NAME Isabel /DE LA BRUER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F145@
1 FAMS @F144@
0 @I332@ INDI
1 NAME William /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Poitou, Sir
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1136
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1164
1 FAMC @F146@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I333@ INDI
1 NAME Geoffrey V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Anjou
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 AUG 1113
2 PLAC Anjou, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1151
2 PLAC Chateau-de-Loir
1 FAMC @F1997@
1 FAMS @F146@
1 FAMS @F1089@
1 NOTE His surname may have been "de la Bruer"
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I334@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1102
2 PLAC Winchester, England
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1167
2 PLAC Roen, France
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 FAMC @F148@
1 FAMS @F1377@
1 FAMS @F146@
1 NOTE She was called "the Empress".
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I335@ INDI
1 NAME Henry II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 MAR 1133
2 PLAC Le Mans, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 JUL 1189
2 PLAC Chinon, France
1 BURI
2 PLAC Fontevrand Abbey
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1154/1189
1 FAMC @F146@
1 FAMS @F147@
1 FAMS @F1416@
1 FAMS @F1999@
1 NOTE He was also duke of Normandy, and first monarch of the house of Anjou, or 
2 CONT Plantagenet, an important administrative reformer, who was one of the most 
2 CONT powerful European rulers of his time. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Henry became duke of Normandy in 1151. The following year, on the death of 
2 CONT his father, he inherited the Angevin territories in France. By his 
2 CONT marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry added vast territories in 
2 CONT southwestern France to his possessions. Henry claimed the English kingship 
2 CONT through his mother.  She had been designated the heiress of Henry I but 
2 CONT had been deprived of the succession by her cousin, Stephen of Blois, who 
2 CONT made himself king. In 1153 Henry defeated Stephen's armies in England and 
2 CONT compelled the king to choose him as his successor; on Stephen's death, the 
2 CONT following year, Henry became king. During the first few years of his reign 
2 CONT Henry quelled the disorders that had developed during Stephen's reign, 
2 CONT regained the northern counties of England, which had previously been ceded 
2 CONT to Scotland, and conquered North Wales. In 1171-72 he began the Norman 
2 CONT conquest of Ireland and in 1174 forced William the Lion, king of the 
2 CONT Scots, to recognize him as overlord. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1164 Henry became involved in a quarrel with Thomas ŕ Becket, whom he 
2 CONT had appointed archbishop of Canterbury. By the Constitutions of Clarendon, 
2 CONT the king decreed that priests accused of crimes should be tried in royal 
2 CONT courts; Becket claimed that such cases should be handled by ecclesiastical 
2 CONT courts, and the controversy that followed ended in 1170 with Becket's 
2 CONT murder by four of Henry's knights. Widespread indignation over the murder 
2 CONT forced the king to rescind his decree and recognize Becket as a martyr. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Although he failed to subject the church to his courts, Henry's judicial 
2 CONT reforms were of lasting significance. In England he established a 
2 CONT centralized system of justice accessible to all freemen and administered 
2 CONT by judges who traveled around the country at regular intervals. He also 
2 CONT began the process of replacing the old trial by ordeal with modern court 
2 CONT procedures. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT From the beginning of his reign, Henry was involved in conflict with Louis 
2 CONT VII, king of France, and later with Louis's successor, Philip II, over the 
2 CONT French provinces that Henry claimed. A succession of rebellions against 
2 CONT Henry, headed by his sons and furthered by Philip II and by Eleanor of 
2 CONT Aquitaine, began in 1173 and continued until his death. Henry was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son Richard I, called Richard the Lion-Hearted.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I336@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Aquitane //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1122
2 PLAC Aquitane, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 APR 1204
2 PLAC Fontevrault, France
1 FAMC @F378@
1 FAMS @F376@
1 FAMS @F147@
1 NOTE She inherited the duchy of Aquitaine from her father in 1137, the same 
2 CONT year in which she was married to Louis VII of France. She accompanied her 
2 CONT husband on the Second Crusade to the Holy Land, where it was rumored that 
2 CONT she committed adultery. The scandal, and the fact that she had not given 
2 CONT the king a male heir, resulted in an annulment of their marriage in 1152 
2 CONT under the pretext of blood kinship between her and the king. Later that 
2 CONT year, Eleanor married and gave her possessions to Henry Plantagenet, count 
2 CONT of Anjou, who in 1154 became Henry II, king of England. In 1170, the queen 
2 CONT induced her husband to invest their son Richard the Lion-Hearted with her 
2 CONT personal dominions of Gascony, Aquitaine, and Poitou. When Richard and his 
2 CONT brothers rebelled against their father in 1173, Eleanor, already alienated 
2 CONT from the king because of his unfaithfulness, supported her sons. 
2 CONT Consequently, she was placed in confinement until 1185. After her release, 
2 CONT she secured the succession of her son Richard, who had become heir 
2 CONT apparent at the death in 1183 of his eldest brother. From the death of 
2 CONT King Henry II in 1189 until Richard's return from the Third Crusade in 
2 CONT 1194, Eleanor ruled as regent. During this time, she foiled the attempt of 
2 CONT her son John in 1193 to conspire with France against the new king. After 
2 CONT the return of Richard, she arranged a reconciliation between the two 
2 CONT brothers. Eleanor continued to be prominent in public affairs until she 
2 CONT retired to the abbey in Fontevrault, France, where she died on April 1, 
2 CONT 1204.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I337@ INDI
1 NAME Richard I "Coeur de Lion" //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1157
2 PLAC Oxford, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1199
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1189/1199
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F334@
1 FAMS @F1381@
1 NOTE He was also duke of Aquitaine and count of Poitou.  When he was an infant, 
2 CONT Richard was betrothed to a daughter of the French king Louis VII, and in 
2 CONT 1172 he was given the duchy of Aquitaine in France, his mother's 
2 CONT inheritance. His early years were spent in warring against his father to 
2 CONT protect his own interests; he emerged a brilliant soldier. In 1189 he 
2 CONT became king of England and shortly thereafter set out on the Third 
2 CONT Crusade. He was accompanied by the young Philip II, king of France, son of 
2 CONT Louis VII. The Crusade proved a failure almost from the start, mainly 
2 CONT because of the lack of harmony between the two kings. In Sicily Richard 
2 CONT quarreled with Philip and refused to marry Philip's sister as planned. 
2 CONT Instead he married Berengaria of Navarre on Cyprus, which he conquered in 
2 CONT 1191. After capturing Acre from the Saracens that same year, Richard 
2 CONT executed 2700 Muslim prisoners of war. It was Richard's personal valor in 
2 CONT the Holy Land, however, rather than his ruthlessness, that made his name 
2 CONT famous in legend. Conflict over policy in the Holy Land resulted in a 
2 CONT break between the two, and Philip returned to France alone. Richard spent 
2 CONT months in indecisive contests against Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria, 
2 CONT before making a truce by which Jerusalem was left in Saladin's hands. 
2 CONT Captured en route to England by Leopold V, duke of Austria (1157-94), 
2 CONT Richard was handed over to Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV. He was released in 
2 CONT 1194 only after paying a heavy ransom. Richard returned to England and 
2 CONT there made peace with his brother, John, later king of England, who in his 
2 CONT absence had been conspiring with Philip to usurp the English throne. 
2 CONT Leaving the government of England to the care of the able administrator 
2 CONT Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury (died 1205), Richard went to 
2 CONT France in 1194 to wage war against the French king. Campaigns in defense 
2 CONT of his European lands continued for five years. Victor in most of the 
2 CONT warfare in which he engaged, Richard was fatally wounded by an arrow 
2 CONT during an insignificant skirmish in 1199. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT As king, Richard had chosen able ministers, to whom he left most matters 
2 CONT of administration. Under his rule, however, England suffered heavy 
2 CONT taxation, levied to support his expeditions. Sometimes cruel, sometimes 
2 CONT magnanimous, and always courageous, Richard was well versed in the 
2 CONT knightly accomplishments of his age and was also a poet. He was to become 
2 CONT the hero of many legendary tales.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I338@ INDI
1 NAME Henry I "Beauclerc"  //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT SEP 1068
2 PLAC Selby, Yorkshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 DEC 1135
2 PLAC Lyons-la-Fôret, Normandy, France
1 BURI
2 PLAC Reading Abbey
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1100/1135
1 FAMC @F150@
1 FAMS @F148@
1 FAMS @F1292@
1 FAMS @F1070@
1 FAMS @F1294@
1 FAMS @F4019@
1 NOTE The third Norman king of England, also duke of Normandy. Because his 
2 CONT father, who died in 1087, left him no land, Henry made several 
2 CONT unsuccessful attempts to gain territories on the Continent. On the death 
2 CONT of his brother William II in 1100, Henry took advantage of the absence of 
2 CONT another brother Robert, who had a prior claim to the throne to seize the 
2 CONT royal treasury and have himself crowned king at Westminster. Henry 
2 CONT subsequently secured his position with the nobles and with the church by 
2 CONT issuing a charter of liberties that acknowledged the feudal rights of the 
2 CONT nobles and the rights of the church. In 1101 Robert, who was duke of 
2 CONT Normandy, invaded England, but Henry persuaded him to withdraw by 
2 CONT promising him a pension and military aid on the Continent. In 1102 Henry 
2 CONT put down a revolt of nobles, who subsequently took refuge in Normandy, 
2 CONT where they were aided by Robert. By defeating Robert at Tinchebray, 
2 CONT France, in 1106, Henry won Normandy. During the rest of his reign, 
2 CONT however, he constantly had to put down uprisings that threatened his rule 
2 CONT in Normandy. The conflict between Henry and Anselm, archbishop of 
2 CONT Canterbury, over the question of lay investiture (the appointment of 
2 CONT church officials by the king), was settled in 1107 by a compromise that 
2 CONT left the king with substantial control in the matter. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Because he had no surviving male heir, Henry was forced to designate his 
2 CONT daughter Matilda as his heiress. After his death Henry's nephew, Stephen 
2 CONT of Blois, usurped the throne, plunging the country into a protracted civil 
2 CONT war that ended only with the accession of Matilda's son, Henry II, in 
2 CONT 1154.  He also had a child who died young.  He was called "the Lion of 
2 CONT Justice".
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I339@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda (Edith) //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1079/1080
2 PLAC Dumfermline 
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 MAY 1118
2 PLAC Westminster Palace, London, England
1 BURI
2 PLAC Westminster Abbey, London, England
1 FAMC @F149@
1 FAMS @F148@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I340@ INDI
1 NAME Malcolm III MacDuncan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1031
2 PLAC Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1093
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1058/1093
1 FAMC @F386@
1 FAMS @F789@
1 FAMS @F149@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I341@ INDI
1 NAME William I the Conqueror //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1027
2 PLAC Falaise, Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1087
2 PLAC Rouen, France
1 BURI
2 PLAC St. Stephan's Abbey, Caen, England
2 SOUR AHamlin777.  E-Mail "Descendents of some guy
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1066/1087
1 FAMC @F151@
1 FAMS @F150@
1 NOTE He was the first Norman king of England, also duke of Normandy, who has 
2 CONT been called one of the first modern kings and is generally regarded as one 
2 CONT of the outstanding figures in western European history. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT William was an illegitimate son and is therefore sometimes called William 
2 CONT the Bastard. Upon the death of his father, the Norman nobles, honoring 
2 CONT their promise to Robert, accepted William as his successor. Rebellion 
2 CONT against the young duke broke out almost immediately, however, and his 
2 CONT position did not become secure until 1047 when, with the aid of Henry I, 
2 CONT king of France, he won a decisive victory over a rebel force near Caen. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During a visit in 1051 to his childless cousin, Edward the Confessor, king 
2 CONT of England, William is said to have obtained Edward's agreement that he 
2 CONT should succeed to the English throne. In 1053, defying a papal ban, 
2 CONT William married a descendant of King Alfred the Great, thereby 
2 CONT strengthening his claim to the crown of England. Henry I, fearing the 
2 CONT strong bond between Normandy and Flanders resulting from the marriage, 
2 CONT attempted in 1054 and again in 1058 to crush the powerful duke, but on 
2 CONT both occasions William defeated the French king's forces. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Conquest of England
2 CONT 
2 CONT About 1064, the powerful English noble, Harold, earl of Wessex, was 
2 CONT shipwrecked on the Norman coast and taken prisoner by William. He secured 
2 CONT his release by swearing to support William's claim to the English throne. 
2 CONT When King Edward died, however, the witenagemot (royal council) elected 
2 CONT Harold king. Determined to make good his claim, William secured the 
2 CONT sanction of Pope Alexander II (died 1073) for a Norman invasion of 
2 CONT England. The duke and his army landed at Pevensey on September 28, 1066. 
2 CONT On October 14, the Normans defeated the English forces at the celebrated 
2 CONT Battle of Hastings, in which Harold was slain. William then proceeded to 
2 CONT London, crushing the resistance he encountered on the way. On Christmas 
2 CONT Day he was crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The English did not accept foreign rule without a struggle. William met 
2 CONT the opposition, which was particularly violent in the north and west, with 
2 CONT strong measures; he was responsible for the devastation of great areas of 
2 CONT the country, particularly in Yorkshire, where Danish forces had arrived to 
2 CONT aid the Saxon rebels. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT William invaded Scotland in 1072 and forced the Scottish king Malcolm III 
2 CONT MacDuncan (died 1093) to pay him homage. During the succeeding years the 
2 CONT Conqueror crushed insurrections among his Norman followers, including that 
2 CONT incited in 1075 by Ralph de Guader, 1st earl of Norfolk, and Roger 
2 CONT Fitzwilliam, earl of Hereford, and a series of uprisings in Normandy led 
2 CONT by his eldest son Robert, who later became Robert II, duke of Normandy. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT His Achievements
2 CONT 
2 CONT One feature of William's reign as king was his reorganization of the 
2 CONT English feudal and administrative systems. He dissolved the great 
2 CONT earldoms, which had enjoyed virtual independence under his Anglo-Saxon 
2 CONT predecessors, and distributed the lands confiscated from the English to 
2 CONT his trusted Norman followers. He introduced the Continental system of 
2 CONT feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance 
2 CONT to William, thus establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the 
2 CONT king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. The feudal lords were 
2 CONT compelled to acknowledge the jurisdiction of the local courts, which 
2 CONT William retained along with many other Anglo-Saxon institutions. The 
2 CONT ecclesiastical and secular courts were separated, and the power of the 
2 CONT papacy in English affairs was greatly curtailed. Another outstanding 
2 CONT accomplishment was the economic survey undertaken and incorporated in the 
2 CONT Domesday Book in 1086. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1087, during a campaign against King Philip I of France, William burned 
2 CONT the town of Mantes (now Mantes-la-Jolie). William's horse fell in the 
2 CONT vicinity of Mantes, fatally injuring him.  William was succeeded by his 
2 CONT third-born son, William II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) (Rec# 435). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 
2 CONT 1978. Chart #34
0 @I342@ INDI
1 NAME Robert I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1035
1 FAMC @F154@
1 FAMS @F151@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I343@ INDI
1 NAME Bertha of Holland //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F379@
0 @I344@ INDI
1 NAME Richard I the Fearless //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 996
1 FAMC @F153@
1 FAMS @F382@
1 FAMS @F961@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) (Rec# 435). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 
2 CONT 1978. Chart #34
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I345@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Longsword
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 900
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 DEC 942
2 NOTE He was murdered.
1 FAMC @F155@
1 FAMS @F153@
1 FAMS @F960@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I346@ INDI
1 NAME Rollo (Rolf) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Viking, the Ganger
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 860
2 PLAC Maer, Norway
1 DEAT
2 DATE 931
2 PLAC Neustrie, Normandy, France
1 FAMC @F431@
1 FAMS @F528@
1 FAMS @F155@
1 NOTE Rollo the Viking was granted land in Northwestern France in 911 AD by 
2 CONT Charles the Simple, King of France.  Charles hoped that Rollo would defend 
2 CONT his new land, barring the length of the Seine River to other Viking 
2 CONT groups.  Rollo remained faithful to Charles and he and his son quickly 
2 CONT expanded the original land grant at the expense of neighboring French 
2 CONT lords and guarded it well against Viking rivals.  Even before Rollo's 
2 CONT grandson Richard took over the domain in 942, the descendants of the 
2 CONT Vikings had accepted Christianity, intermarried with the local population 
2 CONT and adopted the French language.  Already they were being called Normans, 
2 CONT a contraction of Northmen, and there territory became known as Normandy.  
2 CONT Richard's great-grandson was King William I, conqueror of England.  Rollo 
2 CONT was also known as "Rolf."
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) (Rec# 435). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 
2 CONT 1978. Chart #34
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I347@ INDI
1 NAME Willard Lincoln /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 FEB 1886
2 PLAC Wolsey, Beadle, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 FEB 1959
2 PLAC New Port Beach, California
1 FAMC @F12@
1 FAMS @F156@
0 @I348@ INDI
1 NAME Leila Marie /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUL 1888
2 PLAC Wosley, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 JAN 1960
1 FAMC @F12@
1 FAMS @F207@
1 FAMS @F1275@
0 @I349@ INDI
1 NAME Clara Lavonia /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 NOV 1897
2 PLAC Wolsey, Beadle, South Dakota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1978
1 FAMC @F12@
1 FAMS @F208@
0 @I350@ INDI
1 NAME Hazel Dow /LAWS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 MAY 1889
2 PLAC Loveland, Larimer, Colorado
1 DEAT
2 DATE SEP 1932
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F157@
1 FAMS @F156@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I351@ INDI
1 NAME William Harrison /LAWS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE SEP 1840
2 PLAC Indiana
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1920
2 PLAC Colorado
1 FAMS @F157@
0 @I352@ INDI
1 NAME Ida /DOW/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JUN 1855
2 PLAC Richmond, Henrico, Virginia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1896
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F158@
1 FAMS @F157@
0 @I353@ INDI
1 NAME James /DOW/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Doctor
1 FAMS @F158@
0 @I354@ INDI
1 NAME Charlotte /MOORE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F158@
1 NOTE Charlotte Moore was an artist.  Her watercolors of flowers are in the 
2 CONT possession of Marsha Freeman.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I355@ INDI
1 NAME Ida Mae /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JUN 1914
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F156@
1 FAMS @F159@
1 NOTE RESIDENCES: 419 Ogle Cr., Costa Mesa, California
0 @I356@ INDI
1 NAME James William /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 JUN 1916
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F156@
1 FAMS @F202@
1 NOTE He lives in 1207 Essex Ln., New Port Beach, California.
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I357@ INDI
1 NAME Willard Lincoln /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 APR 1920
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1970
2 PLAC Manhatten Beach, Los Angeles, California
2 NOTE He died in a boating accident.
1 FAMC @F156@
1 FAMS @F203@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I358@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /PHELPS/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 1029
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 MAR 1644
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1687
1 FAMC @F171@
1 FAMS @F161@
0 @I359@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lieutenant
1 REFN 1028
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1644
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 MAY 1713
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F170@
1 FAMS @F161@
0 @I360@ INDI
1 NAME James Leonard /SCULLY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 OCT 1942
2 PLAC Huntington Park, California
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 MAY 1967
2 PLAC San Francisco, San Francisco, California
1 FAMC @F159@
0 @I361@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 DEC 1167
2 PLAC Oxford, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 OCT 1216
2 PLAC Newart, Notinghamshire, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1199/1216
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F1386@
1 FAMS @F162@
1 FAMS @F1095@
1 NOTE Called John Lackland.  Also Lord of Ireland, and Count of Mortain, best 
2 CONT known for signing the Magna Carta. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Henry II provided for the eventual inheritance of his lands by his older 
2 CONT sons before John was born. By 1186, however, only Richard I, the 
2 CONT Lion-Hearted, and John were left as Henry's heirs. In 1189, as Henry 
2 CONT neared death, John joined Richard's rebellion against their father, and 
2 CONT when Richard was crowned, he gave John many estates and titles. John tried 
2 CONT but failed to usurp the Crown while Richard was away on the Third Crusade: 
2 CONT Upon returning to England, Richard forgave him. When his brother died in 
2 CONT 1199, John became king. A revolt ensued by the supporters of Arthur of 
2 CONT Brittany, the son of John's brother, Geoffrey. Arthur was defeated and 
2 CONT captured in 1202, and John is believed to have had him murdered. King 
2 CONT Philip II of France continued Arthur's war until John had to surrender 
2 CONT nearly all his French possessions in 1204. In 1207 John refused to accept 
2 CONT the election of Stephen Langton as archbishop of Canterbury. Pope Innocent 
2 CONT III then excommunicated him and began negotiating with Philip for an 
2 CONT invasion of England. Desperate, John surrendered England to the pope and 
2 CONT in 1213 received it back as a fief. Trying to regain his French 
2 CONT possession, he was decisively defeated by Philip in 1214. John's reign had 
2 CONT become increasingly tyrannical; to support his wars he had extorted money, 
2 CONT raised taxes, and confiscated properties. His barons finally united to 
2 CONT force him to respect their rights and privileges. John had little choice 
2 CONT but to sign the Magna Carta presented to him by his barons at Runnymede in 
2 CONT 1215, making him subject, rather than superior, to the law. Shortly 
2 CONT afterward John and the barons were at war. He died while still pursuing 
2 CONT the campaign, and was succeeded by his son, Henry III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I362@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /FITCH/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 2055
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1643
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 DEC 1730
1 FAMC @F174@
1 FAMS @F160@
0 @I363@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /SHERWOOD/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 2054
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1586
2 PLAC Nottinghamshire, Sufflok, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 JUL 1655
2 PLAC Fairfield, Fairfield, Connecticut
1 IMMI
2 DATE 10 APR 1634
2 PLAC Plymouth
1 FAMS @F160@
1 NOTE From Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire, Suffolk county, England.  Came to 
2 CONT America aboard the "Frances" 4-10-1634 to Plymouth, Cape Cod.
0 @I364@ INDI
1 NAME Henry III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 OCT 1207
2 PLAC Winchester, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 NOV 1272
2 PLAC Westminster, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1216/1272
1 FAMC @F162@
1 FAMS @F163@
1 NOTE Henry III (of England) (1207-72), king of England (1216-72), Duke of 
2 CONT Aquitaine, son and successor of King John (Lackland), and a member of the 
2 CONT house of Anjou, or Plantagenet. Henry ascended the throne at the age of 
2 CONT nine, on the death of his father. During his minority the kingdom was 
2 CONT ruled by William Marshal, earl of Pembroke, as regent, but after his death 
2 CONT in 1219 the justiciar Hubert de Burgh was the chief power in the 
2 CONT government. During the regency the French, who occupied much of eastern 
2 CONT England, were expelled, and rebellious barons were subdued. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Henry was declared of age in 1227. In 1232 he dismissed Hubert de Burgh 
2 CONT from his court and commenced ruling without the aid of ministers. Henry 
2 CONT displeased the barons by filling government and church offices with 
2 CONT foreign favorites, many of them relatives of his wife, Eleanor of 
2 CONT Provence, whom he married in 1236, and by squandering money on Continental 
2 CONT wars, especially in France. In order to secure the throne of Sicily for 
2 CONT one of his sons, Henry agreed to pay the pope a large sum. When the king 
2 CONT requested money from the barons to pay his debt, they refused and in 1258 
2 CONT forced him to agree to the Provisions of Oxford, whereby he agreed to 
2 CONT share his power with a council of barons. Henry soon repudiated his oath, 
2 CONT however, with papal approval. After a brief period of war, the matter was 
2 CONT referred to the arbitration of Louis IX, king of France, who decided in 
2 CONT Henry's favor in a judgment called the Mise of Amiens (1264). Simon de 
2 CONT Montfort, earl of Leicester, accordingly led the barons into war, defeated 
2 CONT Henry at Lewes, and took him prisoner. In 1265, however, Henry's son and 
2 CONT heir, Edward, later King Edward I, led the royal troops to victory over 
2 CONT the barons at Evesham, about 40.2 km (about 25 mi) south of Birmingham. 
2 CONT Simon de Montfort was killed in the battle, and the barons agreed to a 
2 CONT compromise with Edward and his party in 1267. From that time on Edward 
2 CONT ruled England, and when Henry died, he succeeded him as king.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Camplin, Kathleen Marie.  AOL user "Lorcalon"
0 @I365@ INDI
1 NAME Edward I "Longshanks" //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 JUN 1239
2 PLAC Westminster, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 JUL 1307
2 PLAC Carlside, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1272/1307
1 FAMC @F163@
1 FAMS @F164@
1 FAMS @F165@
1 FAMS @F1441@
1 NOTE Edward I, called Longshanks (1239-1307), king of England (1272-1307), Lord 
2 CONT of Gascony, of the house of Plantagenet. He was born in Westminster on 
2 CONT June 17, 1239, the eldest son of King Henry III, and at 15 married Eleanor 
2 CONT of Castile. In the struggles of the barons against the crown for 
2 CONT constitutional and ecclesiastical reforms, Edward took a vacillating 
2 CONT course. When warfare broke out between the crown and the nobility, Edward 
2 CONT fought on the side of the king, winning the decisive battle of Evesham in 
2 CONT 1265. Five years later he left England to join the Seventh Crusade. 
2 CONT Following his father's death in 1272, and while he was still abroad, 
2 CONT Edward was recognized as king by the English barons; in 1273, on his 
2 CONT return to England, he was crowned. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The first years of Edward's reign were a period of the consolidation of 
2 CONT his power. He suppressed corruption in the administration of justice, 
2 CONT restricted the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts to church 
2 CONT affairs, and eliminated the papacy's overlordship over England. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT On the refusal of Llewelyn ab Gruffydd (died 1282), ruler of Wales, to 
2 CONT submit to the English crown, Edward began the military conflict that 
2 CONT resulted, in 1284, in the annexation of Llewelyn's principality to the 
2 CONT English crown. In 1290 Edward expelled all Jews from England. War between 
2 CONT England and France broke out in 1293 as a result of the efforts of France 
2 CONT to curb Edward's power in Gascony. Edward lost Gascony in 1293 and did not 
2 CONT again come into possession of the duchy until 1303. About the same year in 
2 CONT which he lost Gascony, the Welsh rose in rebellion. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Greater than either of these problems was the disaffection of the people 
2 CONT of Scotland. In agreeing to arbitrate among the claimants to the Scottish 
2 CONT throne, Edward, in 1291, had exacted as a prior condition the recognition 
2 CONT by all concerned of his overlordship of Scotland. The Scots later 
2 CONT repudiated him and made an alliance with France against England. To meet 
2 CONT the critical situations in Wales and Scotland, Edward summoned a 
2 CONT parliament, called the Model Parliament by historians because it was a 
2 CONT representative body and in that respect was the forerunner of all future 
2 CONT parliaments. Assured by Parliament of support at home, Edward took the 
2 CONT field and suppressed the Welsh insurrection. In 1296, after invading and 
2 CONT conquering Scotland, he declared himself king of that realm. In 1298 he 
2 CONT again invaded Scotland to suppress the revolt led by Sir William Wallace. 
2 CONT In winning the Battle of Falkirk in 1298, Edward achieved the greatest 
2 CONT military triumph of his career, but he failed to crush Scottish 
2 CONT opposition. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The conquest of Scotland became the ruling passion of his life. He was, 
2 CONT however, compelled by the nobles, clergy, and commons to desist in his 
2 CONT attempts to raise by arbitrary taxes the funds he needed for campaigns. In 
2 CONT 1299 Edward made peace with France and married Margaret, sister of King 
2 CONT Philip III of France. Thus freed of war, he again undertook the conquest 
2 CONT of Scotland in 1303. Wallace was captured and executed in 1305. No sooner 
2 CONT had Edward established his government in Scotland, however, than a new 
2 CONT revolt broke out and culminated in the coronation of Robert Bruce as king 
2 CONT of Scotland. In 1307 Edward set out for the third time to subdue the 
2 CONT Scots, but he died en route near Carlisle on July 7, 1307.  He also had a 
2 CONT daughter with Eleanor of Castile that died young.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I366@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Castile //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1244
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1290
1 FAMC @F2329@
1 FAMS @F164@
1 SOUR AHamlin777.  E-Mail "Descendents of some guy
0 @I367@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1282
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1317
1 FAMC @F166@
1 FAMS @F165@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I368@ INDI
1 NAME Philip III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1245
2 PLAC Poissy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1285
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1270/1285
1 FAMC @F336@
1 FAMS @F166@
1 NOTE Philip III (of France), called The Bold (1245-85), king of France 
2 CONT (1270-85), the son of King Louis IX, born in Poissy, near Paris. A weak 
2 CONT ruler, he was dominated at various times by his chamberlain, his wife, his 
2 CONT mother, and especially his uncle Charles I of Anjou, king of the Two 
2 CONT Sicilies. In 1285, the last year of his reign, Philip made an unsuccessful 
2 CONT attempt to annex the kingdom of Aragón.
0 @I369@ INDI
1 NAME Philip IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1268
2 PLAC Fontainebleau, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 OCT 1314
2 PLAC Fontainebleau, France
1 FAMC @F166@
1 FAMS @F394@
1 NOTE 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Philip IV (of France), called The Fair (1268-1314), king of France 
2 CONT (1285-1314), known for his conflict with the papacy. The son and successor 
2 CONT of King Philip III, he was born in Fontainebleau. Through marriage he 
2 CONT became the ruler of Navarre and Champagne. Between 1294 and 1296 he seized 
2 CONT Guienne, in southwestern France, a possession of Edward I, king of 
2 CONT England. In 1297 war ensued with England and with Flanders, England's 
2 CONT ally. Under the terms of a truce made in 1299, Philip withdrew from 
2 CONT Guienne and Edward withdrew from Flanders, leaving it to the French. A 
2 CONT revolt broke out at Bruges, however, and at the Battle of Courtrai in 
2 CONT 1302, the French army was disastrously defeated by Flemish burghers. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The great event of Philip's reign was his struggle with Pope Boniface VII, 
2 CONT which grew out of Philip's attempt to levy taxes against the clergy. By 
2 CONT the bull Clericis Laicos (1296) Boniface forbade the clergy to pay taxes 
2 CONT to a secular power, and Philip replied by forbidding the export of coins, 
2 CONT thereby depriving the pope of French revenues. A temporary reconciliation 
2 CONT was ended by a fresh outbreak of the quarrel when Philip arrested the 
2 CONT papal legate in 1301 and summoned the first French Estates-General. This 
2 CONT assembly, which was composed of clergy, nobles, and burghers, gave support 
2 CONT to Philip. Boniface retaliated with the celebrated bull Unam Sanctam 
2 CONT (1302), a declaration of papal supremacy. Philip's partisans then 
2 CONT imprisoned Boniface. The pope escaped but died soon afterward. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1305 Philip obtained the election of one of his own adherents as pope, 
2 CONT Clement V, and compelled him to reside in France. Thus began the so-called 
2 CONT Babylonian Captivity of the papacy (1309-77), during which the popes lived 
2 CONT at Avignon and were subjected to French control. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1307 Philip arrested Grand Master Jacques de Molay of the Knights 
2 CONT Templars, and in 1312 he forced the pope to suppress the religious and 
2 CONT military order. Their wealth was confiscated by the king, and many members 
2 CONT were burned at the stake. Also, as a result of his financial needs, Philip 
2 CONT greatly increased taxes, debased the coinage several times, and arrested 
2 CONT the Jews and the Lombards (Italian bankers), appropriating the assets of 
2 CONT the former and demanding large subsidies from the latter. He died October 
2 CONT 29, 1314, at Fontainebleau.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I370@ INDI
1 NAME Cecile /SMITH/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1772
1 FAMC @F1936@
1 FAMS @F1937@
1 SOUR Lafreniere, Alfred N.  E-Mail "William the Conqueror" recieved 2/13/95.  
2 CONT America Online member "Al Lafren".
0 @I371@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /SPENCER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1636
2 PLAC Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 NOV 1691
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 BURI
2 DATE 5 NOV 1691
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F1767@
1 FAMS @F167@
0 @I372@ INDI
1 NAME William /SPENCER/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F1767@
0 @I373@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /DOUGLAS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1415
1 FAMC @F1312@
1 FAMS @F1775@
1 SOUR Lafreniere, Alfred N.  E-Mail "William the Conqueror" recieved 2/13/95.  
2 CONT America Online member "Al Lafren".
0 @I374@ INDI
1 NAME Herman /BILLUNG/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 MAR 973
1 FAMC @F2947@
1 FAMS @F2943@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I375@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1614
2 PLAC Bedfordshire Co., England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 SEP 1662
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMS @F170@
1 NOTE Came to Windsor, Conn. in 1635.  Sergeant in Pequot War.  A war hero and 
2 CONT Indian fighter.
0 @I376@ INDI
1 NAME Jane //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1662
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMS @F170@
1 NOTE Was first white woman in Connecticut.  Daughter of Dutch settler.
0 @I377@ INDI
1 NAME William /PHELPS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 2058
1 BAPM
2 DATE 19 AUG 1599
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1672
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F172@
1 FAMS @F171@
1 NOTE Came to America on the "Mary and John" with his first wife and six 
2 CONT children.
0 @I378@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /DOVER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 2059
1 BIRT
2 PLAC England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 NOV 1675
2 PLAC Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMS @F171@
1 NOTE Came to America on the "Mary and John".
0 @I379@ INDI
1 NAME William /PHELPS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 4116
1 BAPM
2 DATE 4 AUG 1560
1 FAMC @F173@
1 FAMS @F172@
0 @I380@ INDI
1 NAME Dorothy //
1 SEX F
1 REFN 4117
1 FAMS @F172@
0 @I381@ INDI
1 NAME James /PHELPS/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 8232
1 FAMS @F173@
0 @I382@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /FITCH/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 4110
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1612
2 PLAC Bocking, England
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Norwalk, Fairfield, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F176@
1 FAMS @F174@
0 @I383@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /STACIE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 4111
1 FAMC @F175@
1 FAMS @F174@
0 @I384@ INDI
1 NAME William /STACIE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 8222
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Essex, Bocking, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1650
2 PLAC Bocking, England
1 FAMC @F183@
1 FAMS @F175@
0 @I385@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /GARROLD/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 8223
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 JAN 1622
2 PLAC Bocking, England
1 FAMS @F175@
0 @I386@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /FITCH/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 8220
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1590
2 PLAC Essex, Bocking, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE JAN 1632
1 FAMC @F177@
1 FAMS @F176@
0 @I387@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /REEVE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 8221
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Essex, Bocking, England
1 FAMC @F180@
1 FAMS @F176@
0 @I388@ INDI
1 NAME George /FITCH/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Braintree, Essex, England
1 FAMC @F178@
1 FAMS @F177@
0 @I389@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /THURWOOD/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F177@
0 @I390@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /FITCH/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Panfield & Bocking, Essex, England
1 FAMC @F179@
1 FAMS @F178@
0 @I391@ INDI
1 NAME Margery //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F178@
0 @I392@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /FITCH/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Bransonhead, Lindsel, Essex, England
1 FAMS @F179@
0 @I393@ INDI
1 NAME Agnes /ALGER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F179@
0 @I394@ INDI
1 NAME John /REEVE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F180@
0 @I395@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BROCK/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F181@
1 FAMS @F180@
0 @I396@ INDI
1 NAME William /BROCK/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Boxted & Colchester, Essex, England
1 FAMC @F182@
1 FAMS @F181@
0 @I397@ INDI
1 NAME Margery /BEDELL/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F181@
0 @I398@ INDI
1 NAME John /BROCK/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F182@
0 @I399@ INDI
1 NAME Agnes /WISEMAN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F182@
0 @I400@ INDI
1 NAME William /STACE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Epping
1 FAMC @F184@
1 FAMS @F183@
0 @I401@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /ARCHER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Epping
1 FAMS @F183@
0 @I402@ INDI
1 NAME William /STACE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Epping
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1561
2 PLAC Epping
1 FAMC @F185@
1 FAMS @F184@
0 @I403@ INDI
1 NAME Alice //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F184@
0 @I404@ INDI
1 NAME John /STACE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1544
2 PLAC Epping
1 FAMS @F185@
0 @I405@ INDI
1 NAME Joan //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F185@
0 @I406@ INDI
1 NAME William /BRADFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Govenor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAR 1589
2 PLAC Austerfield, Yorkshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 MAY 1657
2 PLAC Plymoth Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony
1 IMMI
2 DATE 1620
1 FAMC @F189@
1 FAMS @F187@
1 FAMS @F186@
1 NOTE Bradford, William (1590-1657), one of the pilgrim fathers and American 
2 CONT colonial governor and historian, born in Austerfield, Yorkshire, England. 
2 CONT In 1606 he joined the Brownists, a dissident Protestant sect, and three 
2 CONT years later, in search of freedom of worship, went with them to holland, 
2 CONT where he became an apprentice to a silk manufacturer. He sailed on the 
2 CONT Mayflower in 1620, and after his arrival in the new world he helped found 
2 CONT Plymouth Colony. In April 1621 he succeeded Governor John Carver as chief 
2 CONT executive of Plymouth Colony. Except for five years, Bradford served as 
2 CONT governor almost continuously from 1621 through 1656, having been reelected 
2 CONT 30 times. In 1621 he negotiated a treaty with Massasoit, the chief of the 
2 CONT Wampanoag Indians. under the treaty, which was vital to the maintenance 
2 CONT and growth of the colony, Massasoit disavowed indian claims to the 
2 CONT Plymouth area and pledged peace with the colonists. Bradford was a 
2 CONT delegate on four occasions to the New England Confederation, of which he 
2 CONT was twice elected president. His History of Plimouth Plantation (1856) is 
2 CONT the primary source of information about the pilgrims.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I407@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /CARPENTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 AUG 1590
2 PLAC Wrenthan Co., England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 MAR 1670
2 PLAC Plymoth, Massachusetts
1 IMMI
2 DATE JUL 1623
1 FAMC @F188@
1 FAMS @F2200@
1 FAMS @F186@
1 NOTE Arrived in the "Ann"
0 @I408@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthea /MAY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAR 1596
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 DEC 1620
2 PLAC Off Cape Cod, Provincetown Harbor
2 NOTE Drowned
1 FAMS @F187@
0 @I409@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander /CARPENTER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F188@
0 @I410@ INDI
1 NAME William /BRADFORD/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 JUL 1591
2 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
3 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
1 FAMC @F192@
1 FAMS @F189@
0 @I411@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /HANSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F191@
1 FAMS @F189@
1 FAMS @F190@
0 @I412@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /BRIGGS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F190@
0 @I413@ INDI
1 NAME John /HANSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F191@
0 @I414@ INDI
1 NAME Margret /GRASHEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F191@
0 @I415@ INDI
1 NAME William /BRADFORD/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1595
1 FAMS @F192@
0 @I416@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /KELLOGG/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F193@
0 @I417@ INDI
1 NAME Rachael /ASHLEY/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 FEB 1695
2 PLAC Westfield, Hampden, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F194@
1 FAMS @F193@
0 @I418@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /COLLINS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 NOV 1701
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 FEB 1702
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I419@ INDI
1 NAME John /COLLINS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 NOV 1704
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 7 NOV 1704
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I420@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /COLLINS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 FEB 1706
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 AUG 1709
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I421@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /COLLINS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 AUG 1709
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 17 AUG 1709
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I422@ INDI
1 NAME William /COLLINS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JUN 1711
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 24 JUN 1711
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I423@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /COLLINS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 NOV 1713
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 16 NOV 1713
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I424@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /COLLINS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAR 1716
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 14 MAR 1716
1 FAMC @F115@
0 @I425@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /ASHLEY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 OCT 1664
2 PLAC Springfield, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1722
2 PLAC Westfield, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F196@
1 FAMS @F194@
1 NOTE Was a carpentar in Westfield and kept an inn.  He owned considerable land. 
2 CONT  House was used as fort against Indians in "Queen Anne's War" 1712.
0 @I426@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /KELLOGG/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F194@
0 @I427@ INDI
1 NAME Rachael /SMITH/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F195@
0 @I428@ INDI
1 NAME David /ASHLEY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 JUN 1642
2 PLAC Springfield, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 DEC 1718
1 FAMC @F197@
1 FAMS @F196@
1 NOTE He was one of twins.  His twin sister died soon after birth.  He was 
2 CONT prominent in the management of Westfield affairs.
0 @I429@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /GLOVER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAY 1646
2 PLAC New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 JUN 1722
2 PLAC Westfield, Massachusetts
1 FAMC @F198@
1 FAMS @F196@
0 @I430@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /ASHLEY/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 NOV 1682
2 PLAC West Springfield, Massachusetts
1 FAMS @F197@
0 @I431@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HORTON/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 SEP 1683
2 PLAC West Springfield, Massachusetts
1 FAMS @F197@
1 NOTE Was a widow.
0 @I432@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /GLOVER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F198@
0 @I433@ INDI
1 NAME Helena //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F198@
0 @I434@ INDI
1 NAME Marvin Bayard /SCULLY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 APR 1914
2 PLAC San Diego, San Diego, California
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 JUN 1972
2 PLAC Morro Bay, California
2 NOTE MEDICAL: Died of Heart Attack
1 FAMS @F159@
0 @I435@ INDI
1 NAME Marsha Colleen /SCULLY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUN 1940
2 PLAC South Gate, California
1 FAMC @F159@
1 FAMS @F199@
1 FAMS @F201@
1 NOTE She was the author of "Buell Genealogy" from which most of this is from.  
2 CONT As of Dec, 1978 she lives at 500 Edgewood Ave. Mill Valley, California  
2 CONT 94941.
0 @I436@ INDI
1 NAME Dwight William /COCKE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 DEC 1936
2 PLAC Washington, DC
1 FAMC @F200@
1 FAMS @F199@
1 NOTE As of December, 1978, he lives at 277 Chiquita, Laguna Beach, California.
0 @I437@ INDI
1 NAME Kathleen Mary /COCKE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 OCT 1959
2 PLAC Glendale, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F199@
0 @I438@ INDI
1 NAME Julia Eileen /COCKE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1961
2 PLAC New Port Beach, California
1 FAMC @F199@
0 @I439@ INDI
1 NAME Dwight William /ZIEGLASCH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F200@
0 @I440@ INDI
1 NAME Florence /SKOVE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F200@
0 @I441@ INDI
1 NAME Richard Gene /FREEMAN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F201@
0 @I442@ INDI
1 NAME Rae Virginia /SHEPARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAR 1915
2 PLAC West Hartford, Conn.
1 FAMS @F202@
0 @I443@ INDI
1 NAME Susan /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 NOV 1948
2 PLAC Santa Ana, Orange, California
1 FAMC @F202@
0 @I444@ INDI
1 NAME Barbara /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1950
2 PLAC Santa Ana, Orange, California
1 FAMC @F202@
0 @I445@ INDI
1 NAME Betty /LEWIS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 NOV 1920
1 DEAT
2 DATE MAR 1976
1 FAMC @F204@
1 FAMS @F203@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I446@ INDI
1 NAME Harvey /LEWIS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F204@
0 @I447@ INDI
1 NAME Zola //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F204@
0 @I448@ INDI
1 NAME Robert Lewis /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 JUN 1945
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F203@
0 @I449@ INDI
1 NAME Michael Alan /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 JUL 1953
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F203@
0 @I450@ INDI
1 NAME Esther W. /LEACH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1875
1 FAMS @F205@
0 @I451@ INDI
1 NAME Clinton B. /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 APR 1874
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 JAN 1952
2 PLAC Madison, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F205@
1 FAMS @F206@
0 @I452@ INDI
1 NAME Myrtle B. /CARSON/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 MAY 1954
2 PLAC Wosley, Beadle, South Dakota
1 FAMS @F206@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I453@ INDI
1 NAME Roy H. /HAMILTON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 SEP 1889
2 PLAC Chicago, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1945
1 FAMC @F217@
1 FAMS @F207@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I454@ INDI
1 NAME John Learned /HOLMES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JAN 1884
2 PLAC Holmes, Tennesse
1 FAMC @F209@
1 FAMS @F208@
0 @I455@ INDI
1 NAME William Newton /HOLMES/
1 SEX M
1 TITL M.D.
1 FAMS @F209@
0 @I456@ INDI
1 NAME Margurite //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F209@
0 @I457@ INDI
1 NAME Patricia Lee /HOLMES/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAR 1926
2 PLAC Fresno, Fresno, California
1 FAMC @F208@
1 FAMS @F210@
0 @I458@ INDI
1 NAME Fred Sanford /CORZINE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 AUG 1925
2 PLAC Omaha, Douglas, Nebraska
1 FAMC @F211@
1 FAMS @F210@
0 @I459@ INDI
1 NAME Fred /CORZINE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F211@
0 @I460@ INDI
1 NAME Ferne //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F211@
0 @I461@ INDI
1 NAME Pamela Lee /CORZINE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1949
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F210@
0 @I462@ INDI
1 NAME John Sanford /CORZINE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 FEB 1951
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F210@
0 @I463@ INDI
1 NAME Jeffrey James /CORZINE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JUL 1955
2 PLAC Seattle, King, Washington
1 FAMC @F210@
0 @I464@ INDI
1 NAME Stacey Lynn /CORZINE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1957
2 PLAC Seattle, King, Washington
1 FAMC @F210@
0 @I465@ INDI
1 NAME Ethel Reed /SEYDEL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 DEC 1880
2 PLAC North Adams, Massachusetts
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 DEC 1930
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F213@
1 FAMS @F212@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I466@ INDI
1 NAME Washington M. /SEYDEL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F213@
0 @I467@ INDI
1 NAME Jennie /REED/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F213@
0 @I468@ INDI
1 NAME Carolyn Esther /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 JUN 1915
1 FAMC @F212@
1 FAMS @F214@
0 @I469@ INDI
1 NAME Roland /WOOD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 FEB 1916
2 PLAC Long Beach, California
1 FAMS @F214@
0 @I470@ INDI
1 NAME James Harry /WOOD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 SEP 1942
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F214@
1 FAMS @F1278@
0 @I471@ INDI
1 NAME Merideth Ann /WOOD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 SEP 1949
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F214@
1 FAMS @F1279@
0 @I472@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh /WELLES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1595
2 PLAC Essex Co., England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1645
2 PLAC England
1 FAMS @F2582@
1 NOTE Came from Co. Essex, England.  Had 4 children.  Settled in Wethersfield, 
2 CONT Conn.
0 @I473@ INDI
1 NAME Otteane /TROELSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1767
2 PLAC Flysborg Svenstrup
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 MAY 1837
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 FAMC @F596@
1 FAMS @F215@
1 FAMS @F220@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I474@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /WELLES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1629
2 PLAC ,,,England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1676
2 PLAC Hadley,,MA
1 BURI
2 DATE 1676
2 PLAC ,,MA
1 FAMC @F2582@
1 FAMS @F241@
0 @I475@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1792
1 BAPM
2 PLAC Vilstead Church
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1850
1 FAMC @F215@
1 FAMS @F216@
0 @I476@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen Hadevig /PETERSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F222@
1 FAMS @F216@
0 @I477@ INDI
1 NAME Helen //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1322@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I478@ INDI
1 NAME Bibs //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1323@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I479@ INDI
1 NAME Otteane /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JAN 1824
1 FAMC @F216@
0 @I480@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Margrete /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 FEB 1932
1 FAMC @F756@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I481@ INDI
1 NAME Eliza //
1 SEX F
1 REFN *
1 FAMS @F239@
0 @I482@ INDI
1 NAME Vine /STARR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 FEB 1738
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 FEB 1738
1 FAMC @F69@
0 @I483@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /RESKIMER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 8211
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1546
2 PLAC Haylford, Cornwall, England
1 FAMC @F4494@
1 FAMS @F129@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I484@ INDI
1 NAME Basil I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Byzantine Emperor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 813
2 PLAC Macedonia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 AUG 886
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 867/886
1 FAMC @F4208@
1 FAMS @F4207@
1 NOTE He was the founder of the Macedonian dynasty. Born in Macedonia of peasant 
2 CONT stock, as a youth Basil worked as a groom in the imperial stables in 
2 CONT Constantinople. He won the favor of Emperor Michael III (838-67), who made 
2 CONT him his chamberlain. In 866 Basil, with Michael's consent, murdered the 
2 CONT latter's uncle, Caesar Bardas (flourished 842-66), regent during Michael's 
2 CONT minority (842-56), and became coruler of the Byzantine Empire with 
2 CONT Michael. In 867 Basil had Michael assassinated. As sole ruler of the 
2 CONT empire, he began the reform of the legal code completed by his son Leo VI 
2 CONT (866-912), introduced other administrative reforms, and ended the Photian 
2 CONT Schism between the Eastern and Western churches.
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I485@ INDI
1 NAME Hmayeak //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Adrianople
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 755
1 DEAT
2 DATE ABT 797
1 FAMC @F4210@
1 FAMS @F4209@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I486@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret (Hunter) /MASON/
1 SEX F
1 REFN *
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Mobile
1 FAMS @F240@
0 @I487@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie Christendatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 MAR 1810
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 MAY 1886
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F218@
1 NOTE She was a domestic servant at a farm in Hornbaek for many years, until she 
2 CONT married.
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I488@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1756
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 APR 1832
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 FAMC @F230@
1 FAMS @F749@
1 FAMS @F220@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I489@ INDI
1 NAME Mads /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1799
2 PLAC Frejlev, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 MAR 1873
1 FAMS @F607@
1 FAMS @F218@
1 NOTE He was a small-holder in Braarup.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I490@ INDI
1 NAME Peder /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 SEP 1843
2 PLAC Vlstrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1932
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 BURI
2 PLAC Vilsted Cemetary, Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F597@
1 FAMS @F219@
1 NOTE He was a carpenter and parish clerk in Vilsted.
1 SOUR Landsarkiet for Norrejylland, Viborg, Denmark
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I491@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /BONITHON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F129@
0 @I492@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Christensdatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 JUL 1790
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 JAN 1801
1 FAMC @F220@
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
0 @I493@ INDI
1 NAME Paul /OGILVIE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F238@
0 @I494@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1792
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 BAPM
2 PLAC Vilsted Church
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1850
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F221@
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I495@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Hedevig /THOMSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F222@
1 FAMS @F221@
0 @I496@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F222@
0 @I497@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig /CHRISTENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F222@
0 @I498@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Christensdatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 MAY 1794
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 MAY 1877
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F223@
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 24.
0 @I499@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Christensen /SLOT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F223@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I500@ INDI
1 NAME Don Carlos /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL General
1 REFN *
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 MAR 1818
2 PLAC Marietta, Ohio
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 NOV 1898
2 PLAC Rockport, Kentucky
1 FAMC @F239@
1 FAMS @F240@
0 @I501@ INDI
1 NAME Kirsten Christensdatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 MAY 1799
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 OCT 1848
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F224@
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 24.
0 @I502@ INDI
1 NAME Peder Kr. /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F224@
1 FAMS @F228@
1 FAMS @F225@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 24.
0 @I503@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne /PEDERSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Hornbaek
1 FAMS @F225@
0 @I504@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 SEP 1802
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 MAR 1842
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F226@
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 25.
0 @I505@ INDI
1 NAME Ane /JENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1783
1 FAMS @F227@
1 FAMS @F226@
0 @I506@ INDI
1 NAME Christen /JORGENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F227@
0 @I507@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Christensdatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 SEP 1805
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 NOV 1842
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F228@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 25.
0 @I508@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 OCT 1807
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 JAN 1872
1 FAMC @F220@
1 FAMS @F229@
1 NOTE "Bro Jens," as he was called, was endowed with great business talent.  He 
2 CONT went around in the parish buying up butter, which at that time was a very 
2 CONT doubtful merchandise of highly different quality and color, but Bro Jens 
2 CONT mixed it all together until it was fairly uniform - and then sold it in 
2 CONT the market place in Logstor.  He also ran a distillery and sold the liquor 
2 CONT to friends and neighbors.  When the job was done on the farm in the fall, 
2 CONT he took a bag on his shoulder and roamed southward trading his wares.  He 
2 CONT sold scraps, ribbons and lace.  He did very well in business, which helped 
2 CONT him to be able to buy his farm to freehold and later have new buildings 
2 CONT put up.
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 25.
0 @I509@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne Kristine /CHRISTENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F229@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 25.
0 @I510@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Jensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1730
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1775
1 FAMC @F231@
1 FAMS @F230@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I511@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /MIKKELSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1729
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1801
1 FAMS @F230@
0 @I512@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1696
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1750
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 FAMC @F232@
1 FAMS @F231@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I513@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /KIRSTENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1698
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1752
1 FAMS @F231@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I514@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Neilsen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1654
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1728
1 FAMC @F860@
1 FAMS @F232@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I515@ INDI
1 NAME Kirsten /CHRISTENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1656
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1700
1 FAMS @F232@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I516@ INDI
1 NAME Otteane Christensdatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JAN 1824
2 PLAC Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1907
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F233@
1 FAMS @F235@
0 @I517@ INDI
1 NAME Salmon D. /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN *
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1823
1 FAMS @F239@
0 @I518@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig Christiansdatter /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAR 1828
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1919
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F761@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I519@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 AUG 1830
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 MAY 1902
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F871@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I520@ INDI
1 NAME Troels Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 MAY 1833
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 JUN 1903
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F1346@
1 NOTE As a young farm hand, Troels was engaged to a 19-year old girl, Else 
2 CONT Kristine Jensdatter, daughter of farmer Jens Jensen, Bjorumslet.  The 
2 CONT wedding day was set, but two days before, the girl's father came and told 
2 CONT Troels that Else had changed her mind.  It was a hard blow for the quiet 
2 CONT young man, who was much in love with the girl.  Some years later, Troels 
2 CONT got a job with farmer Hans Madsen in Sjostrup, and here he found a good 
2 CONT wife in their daughter, Kristiane.  In Troels and Kristianes' marriage 
2 CONT were 12 children, but all of them died as children.  Troels was in bad 
2 CONT health during his later years, and his leg had to be amputated.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I521@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Chr. Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 MAY 1835
2 PLAC Molgaard, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 FEB 1917
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F1326@
1 FAMS @F1328@
1 NOTE Jens had moved from Vindblaes in 1897 to a smaller farm in Mjallerup.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I522@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Marie Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 MAY 1837
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1924
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F1330@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I523@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christian /GREGERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 MAY 1818
2 PLAC Tolstrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1877
1 FAMC @F234@
1 FAMS @F233@
0 @I524@ INDI
1 NAME Jens  /GREGERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F234@
0 @I525@ INDI
1 NAME Vilsted /MARK/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F234@
0 @I526@ INDI
1 NAME Morten /ROED/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1891
1 FAMC @F236@
1 FAMS @F235@
0 @I527@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Jensen /ROED/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F236@
0 @I528@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1548
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1574
1 FAMC @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I529@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /CASE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JUN 1660
2 PLAC Windsor, Conn.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 AUG 1725
2 PLAC Windsor,,CT
1 FAMC @F167@
1 FAMS @F1770@
1 FAMS @F1781@
0 @I530@ INDI
1 NAME John /CASE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 NOV 1662
2 PLAC Windsor, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 MAY 1735
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford Co., Connecticut
1 FAMC @F167@
1 FAMS @F1771@
1 FAMS @F1782@
0 @I531@ INDI
1 NAME John /FORBES/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Bendly
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1565
1 FAMC @F1929@
1 FAMS @F1930@
1 SOUR Lafreniere, Alfred N.  E-Mail "William the Conqueror" recieved 2/13/95.  
2 CONT America Online member "Al Lafren".
0 @I532@ INDI
1 NAME Alexandre /FORBES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1535
1 FAMC @F1928@
1 FAMS @F1929@
1 SOUR Lafreniere, Alfred N.  E-Mail "William the Conqueror" recieved 2/13/95.  
2 CONT America Online member "Al Lafren".
0 @I533@ INDI
1 NAME William /FORBES/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 5th Lord of Tolquhon
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1500
1 FAMC @F1927@
1 FAMS @F1928@
1 SOUR Lafreniere, Alfred N.  E-Mail "William the Conqueror" recieved 2/13/95.  
2 CONT America Online member "Al Lafren".
0 @I534@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /CASE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1658
2 PLAC Windsor, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 OCT 1718
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F167@
1 FAMS @F1768@
1 FAMS @F1780@
0 @I535@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /CASE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 MAY 1682
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 1725
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F167@
1 FAMS @F1777@
0 @I536@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /CASE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 APR 1674
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 AUG 1748
2 PLAC Simsbury, Hartford, Connecticut
1 FAMC @F167@
1 FAMS @F1723@
0 @I537@ INDI
1 NAME Gerberge //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Henneberg
1 FAMC @F2946@
1 FAMS @F2942@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I538@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1634
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1712
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F244@
0 @I539@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1635
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1708
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F245@
0 @I540@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1638
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1688
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F246@
0 @I541@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1642
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1654
1 FAMC @F127@
0 @I542@ INDI
1 NAME Benajah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sergeant
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 JUN 1644
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 JAN 1736
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F247@
0 @I543@ INDI
1 NAME Deborah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1646
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1649
1 FAMC @F127@
0 @I544@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 NOV 1648
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 MAR 1740
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F248@
1 FAMS @F249@
0 @I545@ INDI
1 NAME Deborah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1650
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1686
1 FAMC @F127@
1 FAMS @F250@
0 @I546@ INDI
1 NAME Jonathan /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1652
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1656
1 FAMC @F127@
0 @I547@ INDI
1 NAME Josias /ELLSWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F244@
0 @I548@ INDI
1 NAME George /GRISWOLD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F245@
0 @I549@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BISSELL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F246@
0 @I550@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /ENO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1649
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1732
1 FAMC @F267@
1 FAMS @F247@
0 @I551@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BLISS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE SEP 1651
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1721
1 FAMC @F274@
1 FAMS @F248@
0 @I552@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1651
1 FAMS @F249@
0 @I553@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel /BERG/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F250@
0 @I554@ INDI
1 NAME James /ENO/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F267@
1 FAMS @F251@
0 @I555@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1664
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F252@
0 @I556@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1666
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1731
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F253@
1 FAMS @F254@
0 @I557@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1668
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1763
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F1782@
0 @I558@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1670
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1763
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F258@
1 FAMS @F256@
1 FAMS @F257@
0 @I559@ INDI
1 NAME Joshua /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1672
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1727
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F259@
1 FAMS @F260@
0 @I560@ INDI
1 NAME Deborah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1675
1 BAPM
2 DATE 1697
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F261@
0 @I561@ INDI
1 NAME Mindwell /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1678
1 FAMC @F125@
1 FAMS @F262@
0 @I562@ INDI
1 NAME Moses /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL III
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1686
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 FEB 1699
2 SOUR Town Records of Simsbury, Connecticut. 1898
1 FAMC @F125@
0 @I563@ INDI
1 NAME John /PORTER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F252@
0 @I564@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /TERRY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F253@
0 @I565@ INDI
1 NAME Rebecca /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAR 1675
1 FAMC @F319@
1 FAMS @F254@
0 @I566@ INDI
1 NAME Cerdic //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wessex
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 534
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 519/534
1 FAMC @F1789@
1 FAMS @F255@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I567@ INDI
1 NAME Stuf //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1772@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I568@ INDI
1 NAME John /SLATER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F257@
0 @I569@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /MARSHALL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F258@
0 @I570@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /CARINGTON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F259@
0 @I571@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HOSKINS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F260@
0 @I572@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel /PORTER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Doctor
1 FAMS @F261@
0 @I573@ INDI
1 NAME Theophilus /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F279@
1 FAMS @F262@
0 @I574@ INDI
1 NAME Mindwell /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1714
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1740
1 FAMC @F263@
1 FAMS @F265@
0 @I575@ INDI
1 NAME Dorothy Ann /AVREL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F264@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh (Rec# 48).
0 @I576@ INDI
1 NAME Brewster /HIGLEY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 FAMS @F265@
0 @I577@ INDI
1 NAME Ephraim /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1717
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1745
1 FAMC @F263@
1 FAMS @F266@
0 @I578@ INDI
1 NAME Mercy /BARBER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F266@
0 @I579@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /BIDWELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F267@
0 @I580@ INDI
1 NAME Benajah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 APR 1668
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 OCT 1716
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F268@
0 @I581@ INDI
1 NAME James /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1671
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1681
1 FAMC @F247@
0 @I582@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 FEB 1673
1 DEAT
2 DATE JAN 1763
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F295@
0 @I583@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1675
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 JUN 1756
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F269@
0 @I584@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1681
1 FAMC @F247@
0 @I585@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Corp.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 NOV 1683
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 AUG 1722
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F270@
0 @I586@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1686
1 BAPM
2 DATE 14 APR 1698
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1756
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F273@
0 @I587@ INDI
1 NAME Benjamin /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1689
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F271@
0 @I588@ INDI
1 NAME Deborah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1690
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1717
1 FAMC @F247@
1 FAMS @F272@
0 @I589@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /WINCHEL/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 SEP 1722
1 FAMC @F290@
1 FAMS @F268@
0 @I590@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /HEYDEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE FEB 1678
1 FAMC @F303@
1 FAMS @F269@
0 @I591@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /PHELPS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1688
1 FAMC @F310@
1 FAMS @F270@
0 @I592@ INDI
1 NAME Eunice //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F271@
0 @I593@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /GRISWOLD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F272@
0 @I594@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /WINCHEL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F273@
0 @I595@ INDI
1 NAME Dale Dwane /ROSS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F322@
1 FAMS @F264@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I596@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /BLISS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F2653@
1 FAMS @F274@
0 @I597@ INDI
1 NAME Leo VI the Wise //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Byzantine Emperor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 SEP 866
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 MAY 912
1 FAMC @F4207@
1 FAMS @F243@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I598@ INDI
1 NAME Louis I the Blind //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Byzantine Emperor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 880
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 JUN 928
1 FAMS @F2572@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I599@ INDI
1 NAME Anna //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 886
1 DEAT
2 DATE ABT 914
1 FAMC @F243@
1 FAMS @F2572@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I600@ INDI
1 NAME Josiah /MARSHFIELD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F277@
0 @I601@ INDI
1 NAME Mercy /BARBER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1703
1 FAMC @F123@
0 @I602@ INDI
1 NAME John /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1705
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1718
1 FAMC @F123@
0 @I603@ INDI
1 NAME William /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1707
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1707
1 FAMC @F123@
0 @I604@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BARBER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1707
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1707
1 FAMC @F123@
0 @I605@ INDI
1 NAME Isaac B. /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1711
1 FAMC @F123@
1 FAMS @F278@
0 @I606@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /ADAMS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F278@
0 @I607@ INDI
1 NAME John /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F279@
0 @I608@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /FISK/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F279@
0 @I609@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1722
1 FAMC @F262@
1 FAMS @F280@
0 @I610@ INDI
1 NAME Mindwell /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1724
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1801
1 FAMC @F262@
0 @I611@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1726
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1715
1 FAMC @F262@
1 FAMS @F281@
0 @I612@ INDI
1 NAME Theophilus /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1729
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1795
1 FAMC @F262@
1 FAMS @F282@
0 @I613@ INDI
1 NAME David /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1733
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1796
1 FAMC @F262@
0 @I614@ INDI
1 NAME Jonathan /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1733
1 FAMC @F262@
0 @I615@ INDI
1 NAME Noah /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1736
1 FAMC @F262@
1 FAMS @F283@
0 @I616@ INDI
1 NAME Elijah /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1738
1 FAMC @F262@
1 FAMS @F284@
0 @I617@ INDI
1 NAME Josiah /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1740
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1792
1 FAMC @F262@
1 FAMS @F285@
0 @I618@ INDI
1 NAME John /SIRLES/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F280@
0 @I619@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthea /GILLETT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F281@
0 @I620@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /GRAHAM/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F282@
0 @I621@ INDI
1 NAME Lydia /WESTLAND/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F283@
0 @I622@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /RAYMOND/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F284@
0 @I623@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F285@
0 @I624@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1714
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1760
1 FAMC @F35@
1 FAMS @F286@
0 @I625@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1716
1 FAMC @F35@
0 @I626@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1718
1 FAMC @F35@
1 FAMS @F287@
1 FAMS @F288@
0 @I627@ INDI
1 NAME Hepzibah /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1720
1 FAMC @F35@
1 FAMS @F289@
0 @I628@ INDI
1 NAME David /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1725
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1746
1 FAMC @F35@
0 @I629@ INDI
1 NAME Irene /CASE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1724
1 FAMS @F286@
0 @I630@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /NETTLES/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F287@
0 @I631@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /GLEASON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 FAMS @F288@
0 @I632@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /ORTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sgt.
1 FAMS @F289@
0 @I633@ INDI
1 NAME David /WINCHEL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F290@
0 @I634@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /FILLEY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F290@
0 @I635@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1706
1 FAMC @F268@
1 FAMS @F291@
1 FAMS @F292@
0 @I636@ INDI
1 NAME Parnell /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1708
1 FAMC @F268@
1 FAMS @F293@
0 @I637@ INDI
1 NAME Benajah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sergeant
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1710
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1736
1 FAMC @F268@
0 @I638@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1716
1 FAMC @F268@
1 FAMS @F294@
0 @I639@ INDI
1 NAME  /STRONG/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F291@
0 @I640@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /MATHER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II
1 FAMS @F292@
0 @I641@ INDI
1 NAME John /KING/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F293@
0 @I642@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /DENSLOW/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F294@
0 @I643@ INDI
1 NAME Isaac /OWEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1670
1 FAMC @F296@
1 FAMS @F295@
0 @I644@ INDI
1 NAME John /OWEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F296@
0 @I645@ INDI
1 NAME Rebecca /WADE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F296@
0 @I646@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1694
1 FAMC @F295@
1 FAMS @F297@
0 @I647@ INDI
1 NAME Eunice /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1696
1 FAMC @F295@
0 @I648@ INDI
1 NAME Rebecca /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1697
1 FAMC @F295@
0 @I649@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1700
1 FAMC @F295@
1 FAMS @F298@
0 @I650@ INDI
1 NAME Isaac /OWEN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1702
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1775
1 FAMC @F295@
1 FAMS @F299@
0 @I651@ INDI
1 NAME Deborah /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F295@
1 FAMS @F300@
0 @I652@ INDI
1 NAME Elijah /OWEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1706
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1741
1 FAMC @F295@
1 FAMS @F301@
0 @I653@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Jemima /OWEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1707
1 FAMC @F295@
1 FAMS @F302@
0 @I654@ INDI
1 NAME Ephriam /PHELPS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F297@
0 @I655@ INDI
1 NAME David /HIGLEY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F298@
0 @I656@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /ELLSWORTH/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F299@
0 @I657@ INDI
1 NAME James /ENO/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F300@
0 @I658@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /HIGLEY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F301@
0 @I659@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /WINCHELL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F302@
0 @I660@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel /HEYDEN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lieutenant
1 FAMS @F303@
0 @I661@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /WILCOXIN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F303@
0 @I662@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /HEYDEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1706
1 FAMC @F269@
1 FAMS @F304@
0 @I663@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /HEYDEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1707
1 FAMC @F269@
1 FAMS @F305@
0 @I664@ INDI
1 NAME Nathaniel /HEYDEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1709
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1803
1 FAMC @F269@
1 FAMS @F306@
0 @I665@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /HEYDEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1711
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1782
1 FAMC @F269@
1 FAMS @F307@
0 @I666@ INDI
1 NAME William /HEYDEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1713
1 FAMC @F269@
1 FAMS @F308@
0 @I667@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /HEYDEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1716
1 FAMC @F269@
1 FAMS @F309@
0 @I668@ INDI
1 NAME Abraham /ADAMS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F304@
0 @I669@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /HALL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F305@
0 @I670@ INDI
1 NAME Naomi /GAYLORD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F306@
0 @I671@ INDI
1 NAME Esther /GRANT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F307@
0 @I672@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HANNUM/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F308@
0 @I673@ INDI
1 NAME Moses /LYMAN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F309@
0 @I674@ INDI
1 NAME Timothy /PHELPS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F310@
0 @I675@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /GRISWOLD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F310@
0 @I676@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1710
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1710
1 FAMC @F270@
0 @I677@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1712
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1712
1 FAMC @F270@
0 @I678@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1714
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1802
1 FAMC @F270@
1 FAMS @F311@
0 @I679@ INDI
1 NAME Amos /CASE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F311@
0 @I680@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1768
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I681@ INDI
1 NAME Elisha /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1769
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I682@ INDI
1 NAME Phena /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1771
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I683@ INDI
1 NAME Olive /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1774
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I684@ INDI
1 NAME Olive /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1776
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I685@ INDI
1 NAME Lula /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1779
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I686@ INDI
1 NAME Clara /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1783
1 FAMC @F284@
0 @I687@ INDI
1 NAME Kezia /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1762
1 FAMC @F285@
0 @I688@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1764
1 FAMC @F285@
0 @I689@ INDI
1 NAME Josiah /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1766
1 FAMC @F285@
1 FAMS @F312@
0 @I690@ INDI
1 NAME George /COOK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1769
1 FAMC @F285@
0 @I691@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1772
1 FAMC @F285@
0 @I692@ INDI
1 NAME Chloe /COOK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1722
1 FAMC @F283@
1 FAMS @F312@
0 @I693@ INDI
1 NAME Jonathan /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1741
1 FAMC @F286@
1 FAMS @F313@
0 @I694@ INDI
1 NAME Abigail /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1743
1 FAMC @F286@
0 @I695@ INDI
1 NAME David /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1747
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1836
1 FAMC @F286@
1 FAMS @F314@
0 @I696@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1749
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1749
1 FAMC @F286@
0 @I697@ INDI
1 NAME Chloe /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1752
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1752
1 FAMC @F286@
0 @I698@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1756
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1813
1 FAMC @F286@
1 FAMS @F315@
1 FAMS @F316@
1 FAMS @F317@
0 @I699@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /BUELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1758
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1823
1 FAMC @F286@
1 FAMS @F318@
0 @I700@ INDI
1 NAME Marylis /GRAVES/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F313@
0 @I701@ INDI
1 NAME Rachel /MCNEIL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F314@
0 @I702@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BURNS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F315@
0 @I703@ INDI
1 NAME Hannah /BURNHAM/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F316@
0 @I704@ INDI
1 NAME Nancy /TARBETT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F317@
0 @I705@ INDI
1 NAME Lucy /PICKETT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F318@
0 @I706@ INDI
1 NAME John /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F319@
0 @I707@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 SEP 1672
1 FAMC @F319@
0 @I708@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 JUN 1677
1 FAMC @F319@
0 @I709@ INDI
1 NAME Ann /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1679
1 FAMC @F319@
0 @I710@ INDI
1 NAME Benjamin /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 MAY 1682
1 FAMC @F319@
0 @I711@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /PETTIBONE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1688
1 FAMC @F319@
0 @I712@ INDI
1 NAME John /SAXTON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F320@
1 SOUR Town Records of Simsbury, Connecticut. 1898
0 @I713@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /BARBER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F161@
1 FAMS @F321@
0 @I714@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /HOLCOMB/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F249@
1 FAMS @F321@
0 @I715@ INDI
1 NAME Nellie /SWANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1992
2 PLAC Milford, Dickinson, Iowa
1 FAMS @F322@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh (Rec# 48).
0 @I716@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /HILLISON/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 MAR 1866
2 PLAC Norway
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 JUN 1904
2 PLAC Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Gibson City Cem., Gibson City, Ford, Illinois
1 FAMS @F51@
1 NOTE She was a homemaker and a Lutheran.
0 @I717@ INDI
1 NAME Logan Samuel /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 NOV 1897
2 PLAC Gibson City, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 JUN 1971
1 BURI
2 PLAC Buffalo Tp. Cem., Titonka, Iowa
2 NOTE Welder
1 FAMC @F51@
1 FAMS @F328@
0 @I718@ INDI
1 NAME Raymond Herald /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 APR 1901
2 PLAC Gibson City, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1994
2 PLAC Burnsville, Minnesota
1 BURI
2 DATE 14 SEP 1994
2 PLAC Buffalo Twp. Cem., Titonka, Iowa
1 FAMC @F51@
1 FAMS @F326@
1 NOTE Automotive mechanic; Dealer
2 CONT Methodist
2 CONT Department of the Army Civilian Employee - World War II
0 @I719@ INDI
1 NAME Stanley Edward /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 NOV 1903
2 PLAC Gibson City, Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1971
1 FAMC @F51@
1 FAMS @F329@
0 @I720@ INDI
1 NAME Anna May /HYATT/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 FEB 1879
2 PLAC Portland, Indiana
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 SEP 1946
2 PLAC Mountain Grove, Montana
1 FAMS @F323@
0 @I721@ INDI
1 NAME Dorvan Dale /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 JUL 1909
2 PLAC Gibson City, Illinois
1 FAMC @F323@
1 FAMS @F324@
1 NOTE He lives in Florida.
0 @I722@ INDI
1 NAME Viola Verne /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 APR 1911
2 PLAC Urbana, Montana
1 DEAT
2 DATE 28 NOV 1973
1 FAMC @F323@
1 FAMS @F325@
1 NOTE Teacher
0 @I723@ INDI
1 NAME Joan Mae /LAURITSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F324@
0 @I724@ INDI
1 NAME Carl H. /WRIGHT/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 SEP 1882
2 PLAC Adel, Iowa
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 JUL 1952
1 BURI
2 PLAC Oakland Cem., Sac City, Iowa
1 FAMS @F325@
0 @I725@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth Margaret /REIBSAMEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F326@
0 @I726@ INDI
1 NAME Shirley /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F326@
1 FAMS @F327@
0 @I727@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F326@
0 @I728@ INDI
1 NAME Lois /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F324@
0 @I729@ INDI
1 NAME Loren /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F324@
0 @I730@ INDI
1 NAME Calvin /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F324@
0 @I731@ INDI
1 NAME Verna /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F324@
0 @I732@ INDI
1 NAME Veva Irene /REIBSAMEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F328@
0 @I733@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F328@
0 @I734@ INDI
1 NAME Lydia Helen /SCHWARTZ/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F329@
0 @I735@ INDI
1 NAME Jill /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F329@
0 @I736@ INDI
1 NAME Patsy /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F329@
0 @I737@ INDI
1 NAME Roy Kary /JOHNSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F330@
0 @I738@ INDI
1 NAME Burton /YALE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F331@
0 @I739@ INDI
1 NAME Peggy //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F327@
0 @I740@ INDI
1 NAME Barbie Jo //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F327@
0 @I741@ INDI
1 NAME William /ANWAY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 15 DEC 1964
1 FAMS @F332@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Slingerland Funeral to be Friday" Dec 16 
2 CONT 1964.
0 @I742@ INDI
1 NAME Arletta (Herleve) //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1050
1 FAMC @F964@
1 FAMS @F151@
1 FAMS @F965@
1 FAMS @F4597@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I743@ INDI
1 NAME Mathilda //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Flanders
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1032
2 PLAC Flanders, France
2 SOUR Lafreniere, Albert N.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 NOV 1083
2 PLAC Caen
1 BURI
2 PLAC Holy Trinity Abbey, Caen
1 FAMC @F333@
1 FAMS @F150@
0 @I744@ INDI
1 NAME Baldwin V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Flanders
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1012
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 SEP 1067
2 PLAC Lille, France
1 FAMC @F1042@
1 FAMS @F333@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I745@ INDI
1 NAME Berengaria //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Navarre
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1165
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1230
2 PLAC Le Mans, France
1 FAMC @F1380@
1 FAMS @F334@
1 NOTE Berengaria (circa 1165-1230), queen consort of King Richard I of England. 
2 CONT She was the daughter of Sancho VI, king of Navarre (1132?-94), and was 
2 CONT betrothed to Richard shortly after his accession to the English throne in 
2 CONT 1189. She joined him in Reggio, Italy, in 1191, while he was traveling to 
2 CONT Palestine on the Third Crusade, and they were married later the same year 
2 CONT in Limassol, Cyprus. From 1191 to 1192, while Richard campaigned against 
2 CONT the Saracens, she lived in Acre in Palestine, and from 1192 to 1194, while 
2 CONT he was a prisoner in Germany, she lived in Poitou (now in France). After 
2 CONT Richard's release from captivity the couple appear to have become 
2 CONT estranged, and modern historians agree that they were probably never 
2 CONT reunited. After Richard's death in 1199, Berengaria spent most of her last 
2 CONT years in Le Mans, France, where she died.
0 @I746@ INDI
1 NAME Robert II "Curthose" //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1054
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 FEB 1134
2 PLAC Cardiff Castle
1 FAMC @F150@
1 FAMS @F1401@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I747@ INDI
1 NAME William II Rufus //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1056
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 AUG 1100
2 PLAC New Forest, Hampshire, England
2 SOUR AHamlin777.  E-Mail "Descendents of some guy
1 BURI
2 PLAC Winchester, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1087/1100
1 FAMC @F150@
1 NOTE He extended his power into Normandy and Scotland. His father on his 
2 CONT deathbed named him as his successor in England, leaving the duchy of 
2 CONT Normandy to his eldest son, Robert. William Rufus, as he was known because 
2 CONT of his ruddy complexion, was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1087. The 
2 CONT following year William's uncle Odo, bishop of Bayeux (1036?-97), led a 
2 CONT rebellion of Norman barons who sought to unseat him in favor of Robert. 
2 CONT William's English subjects, believing his promises of less oppressive 
2 CONT taxation and more liberal laws, helped him quell the revolt. The king, 
2 CONT despite his promises, continued to pursue a domestic policy that was harsh 
2 CONT and venal. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT William invaded Normandy in 1089, 1091, and 1094, winning some concessions 
2 CONT from his brother Robert II, duke of Normandy, each time. He forced the 
2 CONT Scottish king Malcolm III MacDuncan (1031?-93) to pay him homage and in 
2 CONT 1092 seized the city of Carlisle and other areas claimed by Malcolm in 
2 CONT Cumberland and Westmorland. In 1096 Robert mortgaged Normandy to William 
2 CONT for funds to finance a Crusade. William then fought to recapture lands his 
2 CONT brother had lost as duke of Normandy and returned the county of Maine to 
2 CONT the rule of the duchy. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After the death in 1089 of Lanfranc, the archbishop of Canterbury, William 
2 CONT delayed naming a successor. He held open vacant bishoprics and enriched 
2 CONT himself with church monies, incurring the displeasure of many 
2 CONT ecclesiastics. In 1093 he selected Anselm, abbot of Bec, as the new 
2 CONT archbishop, but they quarreled over William's authority to control church 
2 CONT appointments. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT William was killed. It is not known whether the slaying, which is 
2 CONT traditionally ascribed to a Norman named Walter Tirel (died after 1100), 
2 CONT was accidental or intentional. William  never married and had no children. 
2 CONT His younger brother succeeded to the throne as King Henry I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I748@ INDI
1 NAME Julius Fr. /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 SEP 1893
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 OCT 1932
1 FAMC @F883@
1 FAMS @F335@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I749@ INDI
1 NAME John II (Juan) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1405
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1454
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1406/1454
1 FAMC @F645@
1 FAMS @F538@
1 NOTE John II (of Castile and León), in Spanish, Juan II (1405-54), king of 
2 CONT Castile and León (1406-54), the son of Henry III. He reigned under the 
2 CONT regencies of his mother and his uncle, King Ferdinand I of Aragón, until 
2 CONT 1419. John entrusted the government to Don Álvaro de Luna (1388?-1453), 
2 CONT his chief counselor. In 1450, after the death of John's wife, Luna 
2 CONT arranged the king's marriage with a Portuguese princess, who promptly 
2 CONT broke Luna's power by encouraging the king to assert his independence. In 
2 CONT 1453 John ordered Luna's execution. John reportedly died of remorse over 
2 CONT this treachery.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I750@ INDI
1 NAME Louis IX //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1214
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1270
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1226/1270
1 FAMC @F371@
1 FAMS @F336@
1 NOTE Louis IX, called St. Louis (1214-70), king of France (1226-70), son and 
2 CONT successor of Louis VIII. Louis's mother, Blanche of Castile (1188-1252), 
2 CONT daughter of Alfonso IX, king of Castile, was regent during his minority 
2 CONT and again from 1248 until her death in 1252. During the latter years Louis 
2 CONT was in the Holy Land on the Seventh Crusade, one of the religious wars 
2 CONT between Christians and Muslims. Louis and his forces were defeated and 
2 CONT captured in Egypt in 1250, and the king remained in Syria for four years 
2 CONT before returning to France. In 1258 Louis signed the Treaty of Corbeil, 
2 CONT relinquishing to the kingdom of Aragón all French claims to Barcelona and 
2 CONT Roussillon, in return for which the Aragonese renounced their claims to 
2 CONT parts of Provence and Languedoc. In 1259 he signed the Treaty of Paris, by 
2 CONT which Henry III of England was confirmed in his possession of territories 
2 CONT in southwestern France and Louis received the provinces of Anjou, 
2 CONT Normandy, Poitou, Maine, and Touraine. In 1270 Louis embarked on another 
2 CONT Crusade and died en route at Tunis in northern Africa. He was succeeded by 
2 CONT his son Philip III. Louis, an outstanding monarch of medieval times, was 
2 CONT canonized in 1297. His feast day is August 25.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I751@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Provence //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1217
2 PLAC Aix-en-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhone, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 JUN 1291
2 PLAC Amesbury, Wilts, Wiltshire, England
2 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
3 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 FAMC @F1387@
1 FAMS @F163@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I752@ INDI
1 NAME Charles I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of the Two Sicilys
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1226
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1285
1 FAMC @F371@
1 NOTE Charles I (of Two Sicilies) (1226-85), king of the Two Sicilies (1266-85). 
2 CONT He was the posthumous son of Louis VIII, king of France, and the brother 
2 CONT of King Louis IX. He was given the countships of Anjou and Maine by his 
2 CONT brother, and through marriage in 1246 he became count of Provence. In 1248 
2 CONT he accompanied Louis on the Sixth Crusade. In 1250 he was captured and 
2 CONT briefly imprisoned, but later returned to Provence. By 1264 he controlled 
2 CONT much of Piedmont. Charles agreed to aid the pope in his struggle against 
2 CONT the Ghibellines in return for the kingdom of the Two Sicilies. In 1265 
2 CONT Charles invaded Italy; the following year the reigning monarch Manfred 
2 CONT (1232?-66) was killed in battle and Charles became king. In 1268, Conradin 
2 CONT (1252-68), nephew of Manfred and last of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, led a 
2 CONT revolt against Charles but was captured and executed. The king brutally 
2 CONT suppressed the Ghibelline nobles, seizing their estates to pay his French 
2 CONT soldiers. In 1270 Charles participated in the disastrous Seventh Crusade. 
2 CONT In 1282 he learned of a revolt in Sicily against the French. Charles tried 
2 CONT to reestablish his authority over the island, but was routed by Pedro III, 
2 CONT king of Aragón (1239-85), who destroyed his fleet. Charles died soon 
2 CONT after, leaving his kingdom in a chaotic condition.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I753@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 MAY 1825
2 PLAC Ross, Ohio
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 MAR 1898
2 PLAC Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Gibson City Cem., Illinois
1 FAMC @F344@
1 FAMS @F337@
1 FAMS @F343@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Farmer
0 @I754@ INDI
1 NAME Christina /FARRIS/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 MAR 1835
2 PLAC Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 DEC 1883
2 PLAC Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Gibson City Cem., Gibson City, Illinois
1 FAMS @F337@
1 NOTE Last name may be spelled "Phares".
0 @I755@ INDI
1 NAME Louis VIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1187
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1226
1 FAMC @F374@
1 FAMS @F371@
1 NOTE Before his succession he assisted his father in several campaigns to win 
2 CONT control of French territories belong to John, the Angevin, or Plantagenet, 
2 CONT king of England. Philip II previously had conspired with John against 
2 CONT John's brother, King Richard I of England, but later turned against him. 
2 CONT In 1215 Louis was offered the crown of England by a group of barons in 
2 CONT rebellion against King John; Louis led an expedition to England but was 
2 CONT unsuccessful in claiming the throne; John died in the midst of the 
2 CONT struggle and was succeeded by his son Henry III. The French invaders were 
2 CONT excommunicated by the papal legate in England and were defeated in battle 
2 CONT at Lincoln. Louis returned to France in 1217 and there took part in 
2 CONT crusades against a dissident religious sect called the Albigenses, or 
2 CONT Cathars. After succeeding his father as king, Louis continued Philip's 
2 CONT policy of destroying the power of the Plantagenets in France and bringing 
2 CONT under royal authority the provinces held by the Albigenses in the south of 
2 CONT France. He was succeeded by his son Louis IX.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I756@ INDI
1 NAME Douglas /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1856
2 PLAC Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1856
2 PLAC Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Sugar Point Cem., Menard Co., Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
0 @I757@ INDI
1 NAME Atha Leora /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 APR 1857
2 PLAC Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 MAY 1908
2 PLAC Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Gibson City Cem., Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
0 @I758@ INDI
1 NAME Eldridge Lynch /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1858
2 PLAC Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 APR 1932
2 PLAC Dix Tp., Ford Co. Illinois 
1 FAMC @F337@
1 FAMS @F338@
0 @I759@ INDI
1 NAME Edgar Lewis /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 AUG 1860
2 PLAC Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 JAN 1933
2 PLAC Champaign, Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Gibson City Cem., Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
0 @I760@ INDI
1 NAME Eliza Nellie /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1867
2 PLAC Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
1 FAMS @F339@
0 @I761@ INDI
1 NAME Ernest J. /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1874
2 PLAC Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
1 FAMS @F340@
0 @I762@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Belle /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1876
2 PLAC Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
1 FAMS @F341@
0 @I763@ INDI
1 NAME John /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1880
2 PLAC Illinois
1 FAMC @F337@
1 FAMS @F342@
0 @I764@ INDI
1 NAME Emma /GREEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F338@
0 @I765@ INDI
1 NAME Albert /ANDERSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F339@
0 @I766@ INDI
1 NAME Hilda /ANDERSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F340@
0 @I767@ INDI
1 NAME Wesley Albert /MURRAY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F341@
0 @I768@ INDI
1 NAME Blanche /NICHOLS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F342@
0 @I769@ INDI
1 NAME Mary  /HALL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1830
1 FAMS @F343@
0 @I770@ INDI
1 NAME John /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1794
2 PLAC Greenwood Twp., Cumberland, Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 JUN 1872
2 PLAC Sangamon Co. Illinois
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F344@
0 @I771@ INDI
1 NAME Mary A. /PARKER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1793
2 PLAC Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 AUG 1851
2 PLAC Menard Co., Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Sugar Pt. Cem., Menard Co., Illinois
1 FAMS @F344@
0 @I772@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob Samuel /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1765
2 PLAC Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania
2 SOUR Est. from 1810 Census Records. LDS lGl PA
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 OCT 1818
2 PLAC Lycoming Co., Pennsylvania
2 SOUR Probate Records, 1795-1850, Lycoming Co., PA
1 BURI
2 PLAC Liberty, Tioga, Pennsylvania
1 FAMC @F351@
1 FAMS @F345@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Farmer
2 CONT RELIGION: Evangelical Lutheran
2 CONT MEDICAL: Cause of death:  He accidently stabbed himself in the heart while 
2 CONT butchering sheep.
0 @I773@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Mary //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1769
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 OCT 1857
2 PLAC Jackson Twp., Lycoming, Pennsylvania
1 FAMS @F345@
0 @I774@ INDI
1 NAME John /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JUN 1816
2 PLAC Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 NOV 1889
2 PLAC Logan Co., Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Pulaski Cem.
1 FAMC @F344@
1 FAMS @F346@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Farmer
0 @I775@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph B. /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 SEP 1818
2 PLAC Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1871
2 PLAC Williams Tp., Sangamon Co., Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Wolf Creek Cem., Barclay, Sangamon Co. Illinois
2 NOTE Cooper; Farmer
3 CONT Methodist
1 FAMC @F344@
1 FAMS @F347@
0 @I776@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1820
2 PLAC Green Tp., Ross Co., Ohio
1 FAMC @F344@
1 FAMS @F348@
0 @I777@ INDI
1 NAME Dorothy /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1829
2 PLAC Ross Co. Ohio
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Brownsville, Saline Co., Montana
1 FAMC @F344@
1 FAMS @F349@
0 @I778@ INDI
1 NAME Susan /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1832
2 PLAC Ross Co., Ohio
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 OCT 1853
2 PLAC Menard Co., Illinois
1 BURI
2 PLAC Sugar Point Cem., Menard Co. Illinois
1 FAMC @F344@
0 @I779@ INDI
1 NAME Letitia /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAR 1834
2 PLAC Ross Co., Ohio
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 MAR 1905
2 PLAC Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois
1 FAMC @F344@
1 FAMS @F350@
0 @I780@ INDI
1 NAME Harrison T. /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 MAR 1835
2 PLAC Macon Co. Illinois
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1913
2 PLAC Sherman, Sangamon Co., Illinois
1 FAMC @F344@
0 @I781@ INDI
1 NAME Adaline /COOPER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F346@
0 @I782@ INDI
1 NAME Angeline /HALL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F347@
0 @I783@ INDI
1 NAME Roland B. /STRINGFIELD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F348@
0 @I784@ INDI
1 NAME Ambrose /COOPER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F349@
0 @I785@ INDI
1 NAME James C. /KING/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F350@
0 @I786@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1745
2 PLAC Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE ABT 1790
2 PLAC Greenwood Twp., Cumberland, Pennsylvania
1 FAMS @F351@
1 NOTE Occupation:  Yeoman
2 CONT 
2 CONT The information for this family group is based on a will written March 1, 
2 CONT 1787 found in the resources of "The Perry Historians", PO Box 73, Newport 
2 CONT PA.  The will was placed in probate in Jan. 1790.
0 @I787@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1745
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 1790
1 FAMS @F351@
0 @I788@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 FEB 1785
2 PLAC Greenwood Twp., Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 FEB 1850
2 PLAC Liverpool Borough, Perry Co., Pennsylvania
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F353@
1 FAMS @F352@
0 @I789@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob Samuel /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 OCT 1796
2 PLAC Greenwood Twp., Cumberland Co. Pennsylvania
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F355@
1 FAMS @F354@
0 @I790@ INDI
1 NAME George /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 NOV 1798
2 PLAC Greenwood Tp., Cumberland Co., PA
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 APR 1871
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F357@
1 FAMS @F356@
0 @I791@ INDI
1 NAME David /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 SEP 1801
2 PLAC Greenwood Tp., Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 JUL 1878
2 PLAC Rock Run Tp., Stephenson Co., Pennsylvania
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F358@
1 FAMS @F359@
0 @I792@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1803
2 PLAC Greenwood Tp., Cumberland Co. PA
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1894
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F360@
0 @I793@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 MAY 1805
2 PLAC Greenwood Tp., Cumberland Co. Pennsylvania
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1861
2 PLAC Otter Creek Tp., Linn Co., Iowa
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F361@
0 @I794@ INDI
1 NAME Samuel /KEAGLE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1808
2 PLAC PA
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F362@
0 @I795@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUL 1809
2 PLAC Pennsylvania
1 FAMC @F345@
1 FAMS @F363@
0 @I796@ INDI
1 NAME Anna //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F352@
0 @I797@ INDI
1 NAME Josie F. /MCCAULEY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F353@
0 @I798@ INDI
1 NAME Rachel /DAWSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F354@
0 @I799@ INDI
1 NAME Susan //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F355@
0 @I800@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /KEHLER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F356@
0 @I801@ INDI
1 NAME Lydia /SPEECE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F357@
0 @I802@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F358@
0 @I803@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine /BRADY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F359@
0 @I804@ INDI
1 NAME John W. /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F360@
0 @I805@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /LEVEGOOD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F361@
0 @I806@ INDI
1 NAME Julia Ann /GILLESPIE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F362@
0 @I807@ INDI
1 NAME George /ROBERTS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F363@
0 @I808@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1780
1 FAMC @F351@
0 @I809@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /KEAGLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1785
1 FAMC @F351@
0 @I810@ INDI
1 NAME Nellie /WORGUN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F364@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I811@ INDI
1 NAME John /COXWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F365@
0 @I812@ INDI
1 NAME Bradley /FREY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F366@
0 @I813@ INDI
1 NAME Kathy /HERZOG/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F367@
0 @I814@ INDI
1 NAME Lyle /IHLE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F368@
0 @I815@ INDI
1 NAME Carl /MILLER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F369@
0 @I816@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph John /OLIVO/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F370@
0 @I817@ INDI
1 NAME Blanche //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Castile
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1188
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1252
1 FAMC @F372@
1 FAMS @F371@
0 @I818@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso IX //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of León
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1166
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1230
1 FAMC @F4801@
1 FAMS @F372@
1 NOTE Alfonso IX (1166?-1230), king of Leon (1188-1230). In 1197 he married 
2 CONT Berengaria (1171-1246), daughter of his first cousin King Alfonso VIII of 
2 CONT Castile and granddaughter of King Henry II of England. Pope Innocent III 
2 CONT annulled the marriage in 1214 because of the family relationship of 
2 CONT Alfonso and Berengaria. Alfonso founded the University of Salamanca and 
2 CONT captured Caceres, Badajoz, and Merida from the Muslim Almohads.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I819@ INDI
1 NAME Berengaria //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1171
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1246
1 FAMC @F373@
1 FAMS @F372@
0 @I820@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso VIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1155
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1214
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1158/1214
1 FAMC @F375@
1 FAMS @F373@
1 NOTE Alfonso VIII (1155-1214), king of Castile (1158-1214); he succeeded to the 
2 CONT throne on the death of his father, Sancho III (circa 1134-58). Troubled by 
2 CONT interference from Navarre in his youth, he later allied Castile with 
2 CONT Aragón, forming a connection that was eventually to become the basis for 
2 CONT the unification of Spain. He also established Castilian dominance over 
2 CONT León. In 1170 he married Eleanor (died 1214), daughter of King Henry II of 
2 CONT England. From the 1170s, he resisted encroachments by the Almohads, Muslim 
2 CONT invaders from northern Africa. Defeated by the Muslim caliph Yakub 
2 CONT al-Mansur (circa 1160-99) at Alarcos in 1195, Alfonso and his allies won a 
2 CONT major victory over the Muslim commander al-Nasir (1158-1225) at Navas de 
2 CONT Tolosa in 1212.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I821@ INDI
1 NAME Philip II Augustus //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1165
2 PLAC Gonesse, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1223
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1180/1223
1 FAMC @F4732@
1 FAMS @F374@
1 NOTE Philip II (of France) (1165-1223), king of France (1180-1223), one of the 
2 CONT most powerful European monarchs of the Middle Ages. His full name was 
2 CONT Philip Augustus. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The son of King Louis VII, Philip was born on August 21, 1165, in Gonesse, 
2 CONT near Paris. He became coregent with his father in 1179. From 1181 to 1186 
2 CONT Philip combated a coalition of barons in Flanders, Burgundy, and Champagne 
2 CONT and at their expense increased the royal domain. Philip allied himself 
2 CONT with Richard, duke of Aquitaine, who in 1189 became Richard I of England, 
2 CONT and in 1190 the two kings embarked on the Third Crusade. The kings 
2 CONT quarreled, however, and Philip returned to France in 1191. Allied with 
2 CONT Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI and Richard's brother, John, later king of 
2 CONT England, Philip attacked Richard's territories in France. Richard returned 
2 CONT in 1194 and went to war against Philip. By the time of Richard's death in 
2 CONT 1199, Philip had been forced to surrender most of the territory he had 
2 CONT annexed. Philip subsequently warred against John, who became king of 
2 CONT England in 1199; between 1202 and 1205 Philip more than doubled his 
2 CONT territory by annexing Normandy, Maine, Brittany, Anjou, Touraine, and 
2 CONT Poitou. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT A coalition of European powers, including England, challenged the growing 
2 CONT power of France in 1214. Philip's forces, however, decisively defeated the 
2 CONT coalition at the Battle of Bouvines, establishing France as a leading 
2 CONT country of Europe. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Philip increased the royal power not only by extending the royal domain 
2 CONT but also by reducing the power of the feudal lords. He replaced the noble 
2 CONT officers at court with an advisory council appointed from the middle class 
2 CONT and supported the communes against the nobles. France prospered from his 
2 CONT judicial, financial, and administrative reorganization of the government; 
2 CONT serfdom declined, towns grew, and commerce flourished. Philip established 
2 CONT Paris as the fixed capital of France, paved the streets, and had many new 
2 CONT buildings constructed in the city.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I822@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1214
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F373@
0 @I823@ INDI
1 NAME Sancho III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1134
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1158
1 FAMC @F4796@
1 FAMS @F375@
0 @I824@ INDI
1 NAME Louis VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1121
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1180
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1137/1180
1 FAMC @F377@
1 FAMS @F376@
1 FAMS @F4732@
1 NOTE Louis VII, called The Young (1121?-80), king of France (1137-80), son and 
2 CONT successor of Louis VI. In the first year of his reign he married Eleanor 
2 CONT of Aquitaine, daughter of William X, duke of Aquitaine (1099-1137). Louis 
2 CONT soon aroused the opposition of Pope Innocent II (reigned 1130-43) because 
2 CONT of his support of a rival to the papal candidate for the archbishopric of 
2 CONT Bourges, and his lands were placed under papal interdict. Louis next 
2 CONT fought a 2-year war and conquered Champagne in 1144. In 1147 he joined the 
2 CONT unsuccessful Second Crusade as one of its two chief military leaders (the 
2 CONT other was Conrad III of Germany). Louis returned to France two years 
2 CONT later, and in 1152 his marriage to Eleanor was annulled; in the same year 
2 CONT she married Henry of Anjou, later Henry II, king of England. Louis warred 
2 CONT with Henry for the possession of Aquitaine but renounced all rights to the 
2 CONT duchy in 1154, the year Henry became king of England. Between 1157 and 
2 CONT 1180 Louis continued sporadic warfare against Henry, who held many of the 
2 CONT French provinces. Louis was succeeded by his son Philip II (Philip 
2 CONT Augustus).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I825@ INDI
1 NAME Louis VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1081
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1137
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1108/1137
1 FAMC @F379@
1 FAMS @F377@
1 NOTE Louis VI, called The Fat (1081-1137), king of France (1108-37), son and 
2 CONT successor of Philip I; he was married to Adelaide of Savoy. Almost his 
2 CONT entire reign was spent in subduing the robber barons, who preyed on the 
2 CONT environs of Paris but were finally forced to yield to royal authority. For 
2 CONT some 20 years during the period from 1109-1135, Louis waged war against 
2 CONT Henry I, the Norman king of England, and against Henry's son-in-law, Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Henry V; he successfully repelled an invasion by Henry V in 
2 CONT 1124. Louis greatly strengthed the royal power in France, granted 
2 CONT benefactions to the church and privileges to towns, and became known as 
2 CONT the protector of the peasants and as a fearless military leader. He was 
2 CONT succeeded on the throne by his son Louis VII.
0 @I826@ INDI
1 NAME William X //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Aquitaine
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1099
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1157
1 FAMC @F4320@
1 FAMS @F378@
0 @I827@ INDI
1 NAME Philip I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1052
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1108
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1060/1108
1 FAMC @F380@
1 FAMS @F379@
1 FAMS @F152@
1 NOTE Philip I (of France) (1052-1108), king of France (1060-1108), the eldest 
2 CONT son of Henry I, king of France. The first six years of his reign were 
2 CONT spent under the regency of his mother and his uncle. Philip's reign was 
2 CONT troubled by many clashes with his powerful vassals, particularly in 
2 CONT Normandy, but he succeeded in enlarging his dominions. Philip was 
2 CONT excommunicated in 1095 because he had repudiated his wife, Bertha of 
2 CONT Holland, and married Bertrada, the wife of the count of Anjou.
0 @I828@ INDI
1 NAME Adelaide //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Savoy
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F377@
0 @I829@ INDI
1 NAME Henry I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1008
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1060
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1031/1060
1 FAMC @F381@
1 FAMS @F380@
1 NOTE Henry I (of France) (circa 1008-60), king of France (1031-60), son of King 
2 CONT Robert II and grandson of Hugh Capet, founder of the Capetian dynasty. 
2 CONT From the beginning of his reign he was occupied with putting down 
2 CONT rebellions led by members of his family and other French nobles. Between 
2 CONT 1035 and 1047 he assisted his nephew William, duke of Normandy, later 
2 CONT William the Conqueror, king of England, in establishing William's 
2 CONT authority over rebellious Norman nobles. Henry later grew jealous of 
2 CONT William's power and waged unsuccessful war against him in 1054 and 1058. 
2 CONT Henry was succeeded by his son Philip I.
0 @I830@ INDI
1 NAME Robert II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 MAR 970
2 PLAC Orleans, Loiret, Orleanais, France
2 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
3 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1031
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 996/1031
1 FAMC @F383@
1 FAMS @F2212@
1 FAMS @F385@
1 FAMS @F381@
1 NOTE Called Robert the Pious.  He was educated at Reims under the French 
2 CONT scholar Gerbert, who later became Pope Sylvester II. Pope Gregory V (died 
2 CONT 999) excommunicated him and annulled his marriage, which was considered 
2 CONT incestuous by the church; in 1003 Robert submitted to the pope and married 
2 CONT the daughter of the marquis of Provence.  He recognized Hugh, the eldest 
2 CONT of these sons, as his successor. After Hugh's death in 1025, the other 
2 CONT sons, aided by their mother, revolted; Robert was still fighting them at 
2 CONT the time of his own death. Robert was called The Pious because of his 
2 CONT humility and charity; he was also esteemed as a soldier and ruler.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I831@ INDI
1 NAME Bertrada //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F152@
0 @I832@ INDI
1 NAME Richard II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1026
1 FAMC @F382@
1 FAMS @F154@
1 FAMS @F586@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I833@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh Capet //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 938
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 OCT 996
2 PLAC France
2 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
3 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
1 BURI
2 PLAC Saint Denis, France
2 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
3 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
1 FAMC @F2083@
1 FAMS @F383@
1 NOTE Hugh Capet (circa 938-96), king of France, and founder of the Capetian 
2 CONT dynasty, son of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, whom he succeeded in 956. 
2 CONT His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orléans made him the virtual 
2 CONT ruler of France, and when King Louis V (born 966?) of France, the last of 
2 CONT the Carolingian line, died without an heir in 987, Hugh's numerous vassals 
2 CONT enabled him to win the election to the throne, defeating the Carolingian 
2 CONT candidate, Charles, duke of Lorraine (953-92). Charles and many other 
2 CONT great nobles of the realm attempted to resist his authority but, through 
2 CONT force of arms and by judicious purchasing of allegiance, as well as 
2 CONT through the support of the church, of which he was a devout member, Hugh 
2 CONT established a measure of order within his kingdom. He had his son, Robert 
2 CONT the Pious (later Robert II), elected and crowned his associate and 
2 CONT successor in 988, thereby confirming the house of Capet, which ruled 
2 CONT France until 1328.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I834@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh the Great //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Paris
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 895
1 DEAT
2 DATE JUN 956
2 PLAC Deurdan, Germany
1 FAMC @F2084@
1 FAMS @F384@
1 FAMS @F2083@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I835@ INDI
1 NAME Constance //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Arles
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1032
1 FAMC @F2879@
1 FAMS @F381@
0 @I836@ INDI
1 NAME Bertha //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Burgundy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 962
1 FAMC @F2530@
1 FAMS @F385@
0 @I837@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1007
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1025
1 FAMC @F381@
0 @I838@ INDI
1 NAME Odo //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Bishop of Bayeux, Earl of Kent
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1036
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1097
1 FAMC @F965@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I839@ INDI
1 NAME David I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1084
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1153
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1124/1153
1 FAMC @F149@
1 FAMS @F952@
1 NOTE When his oldest brother, King Edgar, died, he left the Scottish domains 
2 CONT north of the Forth of Clyde to another brother, who became King Alexander 
2 CONT I, while David inherited southern Scotland with the title of earl of 
2 CONT Cumbria. Six years later, David married the daughter of the earl of 
2 CONT Northumbria and thereby became earl of Huntingdon and a vassal of the 
2 CONT English crown. In 1124 King Alexander died, and David became king of 
2 CONT Scotland. From 1136 to 1138, he tried unsuccessfully to help his niece 
2 CONT Matilda (1102-67) secure the English throne. Thereafter David devoted 
2 CONT himself to ruling Scotland. He replaced the traditional Scottish tribal 
2 CONT organization with a feudal one modeled after that of Norman England and 
2 CONT was noted for the castles he built and the monasteries he founded.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I840@ INDI
1 NAME Edgar //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1074
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1107
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1097
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1107
1 FAMC @F149@
0 @I841@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1078
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1124
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1107/1124
1 FAMC @F149@
1 FAMS @F1295@
1 NOTE Alexander I (of Scotland) (circa 1078-1124), king of Scotland (1107-24). 
2 CONT He was called Alexander the Fierce for his stern suppression of an 
2 CONT insurrection in northern Scotland. He worked for the independence of the 
2 CONT Scottish church and founded a number of bishoprics as well as the abbeys 
2 CONT of Scone in Perth County and Inchcolm, on an island in the Firth of Forth.
0 @I842@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Saint
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1045
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1093
1 FAMC @F1005@
1 FAMS @F149@
0 @I843@ INDI
1 NAME Duncan I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1001
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1040
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1034/1040
1 FAMC @F587@
1 FAMS @F386@
1 NOTE Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm 
2 CONT II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034), whom he succeeded. Before his accession to 
2 CONT the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, 
2 CONT who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, 
2 CONT killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is 
2 CONT based on the struggle between the two kings.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I844@ INDI
1 NAME Donald Bane //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1033
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1097
1 FAMC @F386@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I845@ INDI
1 NAME Geoffrey /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1158
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1186
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F387@
0 @I846@ INDI
1 NAME Arthur /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Prince of Brittany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1187
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1203
2 NOTE He was murdered, perhaps by King John.
1 FAMC @F387@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I847@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund Crouchback /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sicily, Earl of Lancaster & Leicester
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1245
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1296
1 FAMC @F163@
1 FAMS @F1421@
1 FAMS @F388@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I848@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Earl of Lancaster
1 REFN 525398
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1345
1 FAMC @F388@
1 FAMS @F389@
1 FAMS @F1426@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I849@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Duke of Lancaster, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1299
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1361
1 FAMC @F389@
1 FAMS @F390@
1 NOTE He was also 4th Earl of Lancaster.  He also had a son that died young.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I850@ INDI
1 NAME Blanche /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Lancaster
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1341
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1369
1 FAMC @F390@
1 FAMS @F391@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I851@ INDI
1 NAME John of Gaunt //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Lancaster, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAR 1340
2 PLAC Ghent (now in Belgium)
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 FEB 1399
1 FAMC @F392@
1 FAMS @F391@
1 FAMS @F643@
1 FAMS @F614@
1 NOTE John of Gaunt played an important part in the wars of the period between 
2 CONT England and France and between England and Spain. He commanded a division 
2 CONT of the English army, led by the Black Prince, that defeated the army of 
2 CONT Henry (later Henry II, king of Castile and León) at Najera in 1367. As a 
2 CONT result of his second marriage, to Constance, daughter of Pedro III the 
2 CONT Cruel (king of Castile and León), John laid claim to the throne of 
2 CONT Castile. During the Hundred Years' War, he aided (1370-71) the Black 
2 CONT Prince against France and established English rule over most of southern 
2 CONT France. After a severe illness forced the return of the Black Prince to 
2 CONT England, John took command of the English armies; by 1380 he had lost much 
2 CONT of the territory the English had previously won. In 1386 John invaded 
2 CONT Castile, but was defeated by John I, king of Castile and León. John of 
2 CONT Gaunt gave up his claim to Castile and León in 1387, when his daughter 
2 CONT married Henry, later Henry III, king of Castile and León. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT John of Gaunt was also prominent in English affairs. Together with Alice 
2 CONT Perrers (d. 1400), his father's mistress, John dominated the English 
2 CONT government. His rule was opposed by Parliament and by the Black Prince. In 
2 CONT 1376 Parliament banished Alice Perrers and curtailed John's powers. The 
2 CONT death of the Black Prince that year and the dissolution of Parliament, 
2 CONT however, enabled John to regain his power. In 1377, on the death of Edward 
2 CONT III and the accession of Richard II (John's nephew and son of the Black 
2 CONT Prince), John gave up his control of the government and thereafter played 
2 CONT the role of peacemaker; he also supported the king, by whom he was made 
2 CONT (1390) duke of Aquitaine. In 1396, after the death of his second wife, 
2 CONT John married his mistress Catherine Swynford and Richard legitimized their 
2 CONT children the following year. Saddened by the exile (1398) of his son, 
2 CONT Henry of Lancaster (later King Henry IV of England), John died.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I852@ INDI
1 NAME Edward III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 NOV 1312
2 PLAC Windsor, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 JUN 1377
2 PLAC Sheen (now Richmond), England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1327/1377
1 FAMC @F393@
1 FAMS @F392@
1 FAMS @F1466@
1 NOTE Edward III (1312-77), king of England (1327-77), Earl of Chester, Duke of 
2 CONT Aquitaine, who initiated the long, drawn-out struggle with France called 
2 CONT the Hundred Years' War. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Edward was born at Windsor on November 13, 1312, the elder son of King 
2 CONT Edward II, of the house of Plantagenet. Involved by his mother, Isabella 
2 CONT of France (1292-1358), in her intrigues against his father, he was 
2 CONT proclaimed king after the latter was forced to abdicate in 1327. During 
2 CONT Edward's minority, England was nominally ruled by a council of regency, 
2 CONT but the actual power was in the hands of Isabella and her paramour, Roger 
2 CONT de Mortimer (1287?-1330). In 1330, however, the young king staged a palace 
2 CONT coup and took the power into his own hands. He had Mortimer hanged and 
2 CONT confined his mother to her home. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Edward began a series of wars almost directly after he had control of 
2 CONT England. Taking advantage of civil war in Scotland in 1333, he invaded the 
2 CONT country, defeated the Scots at Halidon Hill, England, and restored Edward 
2 CONT de Baliol to the throne of Scotland. Baliol, however, was soon deposed, 
2 CONT and later attempts by Edward to establish him permanently as king of 
2 CONT Scotland were unsuccessful. In 1337 France came to the aid of Scotland. 
2 CONT This action was the culminating point in a series of disagreements between 
2 CONT France and England, and Edward declared war on Philip VI of France. In 
2 CONT 1340 the English fleet destroyed a larger French fleet off Sluis, the 
2 CONT Netherlands. The action resulted in a truce that, although occasionally 
2 CONT disturbed, lasted for six years. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT War broke out again in 1346. Edward, accompanied by his eldest son, Edward 
2 CONT the Black Prince, invaded Normandy and won a great victory over France in 
2 CONT the Battle of Crécy. He captured Calais in 1347, and a truce was 
2 CONT reestablished. Edward returned to England, where he maintained one of the 
2 CONT most magnificent courts in Europe. The war with France was renewed in 
2 CONT 1355, and again the English armies were successful. The Peace of Calais, 
2 CONT in 1360, gave England all of Aquitaine, and Edward in return renounced his 
2 CONT claim, first made in 1328, to the French throne. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Edward continued to assert his will both domestically and abroad. In 1363 
2 CONT he concluded an agreement with his brother-in-law, David II of Scotland, 
2 CONT uniting the two kingdoms in the event of David's death without male issue. 
2 CONT Three years later Edward repudiated the papacy's feudal supremacy over 
2 CONT England, held in fief since 1213. He renewed his war with France, 
2 CONT disavowing the Peace of Calais. This time, however, the English armies 
2 CONT were unsuccessful. After the truce of 1375, Edward retained few of his 
2 CONT previously vast possessions in France. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The king had, by this time, become senile. He was completely in the power 
2 CONT of an avaricious mistress, Alice Perrers (flourished 1366-1400), who, 
2 CONT along with his fourth son, John of Gaunt, dominated England. Perrers was 
2 CONT banished by Parliament in 1376, and Edward himself died at Sheen (now 
2 CONT Richmond) on June 21, 1377. He was succeeded by his grandson, Richard II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I853@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Langley, 1st Duke of York, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1341
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1402
1 FAMC @F392@
1 FAMS @F519@
1 FAMS @F1500@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I854@ INDI
1 NAME Edward II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 APR 1284
2 PLAC Caernarvon, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 SEP 1327
2 PLAC Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England
2 NOTE He was murdered.
1 FAMC @F164@
1 FAMS @F393@
1 NOTE Edward II (1284-1327), Plantagenet king of England (1307-27), Prince of 
2 CONT Wales, and Duke of Aquitaine, whose incompetence and distaste for 
2 CONT government finally led to his deposition and murder. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Edward was born on April 25, 1284, at Caernarvon, Wales, the fourth son of 
2 CONT King Edward I and his first wife, Eleanor of Castile. The deaths of his 
2 CONT older brothers made the infant prince heir to the throne; in 1301 he was 
2 CONT proclaimed prince of Wales, the first heir apparent in English history to 
2 CONT bear that title. The prince was idle and frivolous, with no liking for 
2 CONT military campaigning or affairs of state. Believing that the prince's 
2 CONT close friend Piers Gaveston (died 1312), a Gascon knight, was a bad 
2 CONT influence on the prince, Edward I banished Gaveston. On his father's 
2 CONT death, however, Edward II recalled his favorite. Gavestone incurred the 
2 CONT opposition of the powerful English barony. The nobles were particularly 
2 CONT angered in 1308, when Edward made Gaveston regent for the period of the 
2 CONT king's absence in France, where he went to marry Isabella (1292-1358), 
2 CONT daughter of King Philip IV. In 1311 the barons, led by Thomas, earl of 
2 CONT Lancaster (1277?-1322), forced the king to appoint from among them a 
2 CONT committee of 21 noblemen and prelates, call the lords ordainers. They 
2 CONT proclaimed a series of ordinances that transferred the ruling power to 
2 CONT themselves and excluded the commons and lower clergy from Parliament. 
2 CONT After they had twice forced the king to banish Gaveston, and the king had 
2 CONT each time recalled him, the barons finally had the king's favorite 
2 CONT kidnapped and executed (1312). 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In the meantime Robert Bruce had almost completed his reconquest of 
2 CONT Scotland, which he had begun shortly after 1305. In 1314 Edward II and his 
2 CONT barons raised an army of some 100,000 men, with which to crush Bruce, but 
2 CONT in the attempt to lift the siege of Stirling were decisively defeated (see 
2 CONT Bannockburn, Battle of). For the following eight years the earl of 
2 CONT Lancaster viturally ruled the kingdom. In 1322, however, with the advice 
2 CONT and help of two new royal favorites, the baron Hugh le Despenser the 
2 CONT Elder, and his son Hugh the Younger, Edward defeated Lancaster in battle 
2 CONT and had him executed. The Despensers thereupon became de facto rulers of 
2 CONT England. They summoned a Parliament in which the commons were included and 
2 CONT which repealed the ordinances of 1311 on the ground they had been passed 
2 CONT by the barons only. The repeal was a great step forward in English 
2 CONT constitutional development, for it meant that thenceforth no law passed by 
2 CONT Parliament was valid unless the House of Comman approved it. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Edward again futilely invaded Scotland in 1322, and in 1323 signed a 
2 CONT 13-year truce with Bruce. In 1325 Queen Isabella accompanied the prince of 
2 CONT Wales to France, where, in accordance with feudal custom, he did homage to 
2 CONT king Charles IV for the fief of Aquitaine. Isabella, who desired to depose 
2 CONT the Despensers, allied herself with some barons who had been exiled by 
2 CONT Edward. In 1326, with their leader Roger de Mortimer (1287?-1330) Isabella 
2 CONT raised an army and invaded England. Edward and his favorites fled, but his 
2 CONT wife's army pursued and executed the Despensers and imprisoned Edward. In 
2 CONT January 1327, Parliament forced Edward to resign and proclaimed the prince 
2 CONT of Wales king as Edward III.On September 21 of that year Edward II was 
2 CONT murdered by his captors at Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I855@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1292
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1358
1 FAMC @F394@
1 FAMS @F393@
0 @I856@ INDI
1 NAME Edward the Black Prince //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 JUN 1330
2 PLAC Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 JUN 1376
2 PLAC Westminster, England
1 BURI
2 PLAC Canterbury Cathedral, England
1 FAMC @F392@
1 FAMS @F399@
1 NOTE Edward, called the Black Prince (1330-76), prince of Wales, who 
2 CONT distinguished himself as a military leader during the Hundred Years' War. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Edward was born at Woodstock in Oxfordshire on June 15, 1330, the son of 
2 CONT King Edward III of England. During his lifetime, he was called Edward of 
2 CONT Woodstock; the name Black Prince was given him because of the black armor 
2 CONT he wore. In 1346 Edward accompanied his father on the English campaign in 
2 CONT Normandy, and during the Battle of Crecy, when he was only 16, the prince 
2 CONT won high acclaim for his command of the right wing of the English army. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1355 Edward was appointed his father's lieutenant in Gascony. He led 
2 CONT the English army in a series of raids across southern France and in 1356 
2 CONT defeated a French army at Poitiers, took King John II of France prisoner, 
2 CONT and returned in triumph to England with his captive. In 1361 he married 
2 CONT his cousin Joan, countess of Kent (1328-85) known as the fair maid of 
2 CONT Kent. A year later his father created him prince of Aquitaine and Gascony, 
2 CONT and he went to his domains in southern France. As lord of those lands, 
2 CONT Edward became, under feudal law, a vassal of the French king. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During his rule the prince estranged the Gascon nobles, who believed that 
2 CONT he was curtailing their feudal rights. After almost six years of peace, 
2 CONT Edward, in 1367, led an expedition to Spain in order to restore Peter the 
2 CONT Cruel, the deposed king of Castile, to his throne. During the successful 
2 CONT Spanish campaign, Edward contracted an illness from which he never 
2 CONT recovered; Peter furthermore refused to repay Edward the vast sums that 
2 CONT had been expended on his behalf. On his return to Aquitaine, the prince 
2 CONT levied taxes to pay for the expedition, but the disgruntled nobles 
2 CONT protested to Edward's feudal lord, King Charles V of France. The prince 
2 CONT refused to answer to the charges against him, and Charles renewed the war 
2 CONT against England. A revolt against Edward spread through Aquitaine and 
2 CONT Gascony, and despite his illness the prince led his troops against the 
2 CONT city of Limoges, capturing it in 1370 and massacring its defenders. A year 
2 CONT later he returned to England and resigned his principality. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During the last years of his life, Edward was a leader of the political 
2 CONT faction that rebelled against the misrule of his younger brother, John of 
2 CONT Gaunt, duke of Lancaster. Edward finally succumbed to his illness and died 
2 CONT at Westminster on June 8, 1376. He was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, in 
2 CONT which parts of his armor still hang.  He was also duke of Cornwall and 
2 CONT earl of Chester.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I857@ INDI
1 NAME Richard II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 JAN 1367
1 DEAT
2 DATE FEB 1400
2 PLAC Pontefract Castle
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1377/1399
1 FAMC @F399@
1 FAMS @F396@
1 FAMS @F398@
1 NOTE Richard II (1367-1400), king of England (1377-99), whose reign was marked 
2 CONT by national disunity and civil strife. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT A younger son of Edward, prince of Wales (the Black Prince), and Joan, 
2 CONT called the Fair Maid of Kent (1328-85), Richard was born January 6, 1367, 
2 CONT in Bordeaux, France. He was created prince of Wales in 1376, the year of 
2 CONT his father's death, and was placed in the care of his uncle John of Gaunt, 
2 CONT duke of Lancaster. In 1377, on the death of his grandfather, King Edward 
2 CONT III, Richard became ruler of England, then a country devastated by plague 
2 CONT and oppressed by heavy taxes, the result of a war with France. Parliament, 
2 CONT which had obtained greater power in the last years of Edward III's reign, 
2 CONT now sought to secure control of the government, but was opposed by John of 
2 CONT Gaunt and his followers. The speedy suppression of Tyler's Rebellion in 
2 CONT 1381 was largely the result of Richard's courage and daring. A year later, 
2 CONT at the age of 15, Richard married Anne of Bohemia (1366-94), daughter of 
2 CONT the Holy Roman emperor Charles IV, and began to seek the downfall of the 
2 CONT great nobles who controlled Parliament and prevented him from acting 
2 CONT independently. Led by Richard's uncle Thomas of Woodstock, duke of 
2 CONT Gloucester (1355-97), in 1388 a coterie of noblemen known in history as 
2 CONT the lords appellant appealed or accused Richard's adherents of treason, 
2 CONT banishing some and having others executed. The following year Richard, 
2 CONT with the help of John of Gaunt, succeeded in asserting his authority. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Trying to reestablish English authority in Ireland, Richard led an 
2 CONT expedition to the country in 1394; that same year his queen died. In 1396 
2 CONT a marriage treaty was concluded between Richard and a French princess, 
2 CONT Isabella (1389-1409). In 1397 Richard had Gloucester arrested and 
2 CONT imprisoned at Calais, where he died, perhaps murdered. He also exiled John 
2 CONT of Gaunt's son, Henry Bolingbroke, duke of Hereford, who later became 
2 CONT Richard's successor as Henry IV, and executed or banished others of the 
2 CONT lords appellant. On his return from a second military expedition to 
2 CONT Ireland in 1399 Richard found that Bolingbroke had returned from exile and 
2 CONT placed himself at the head of a formidable army. Richard was captured by 
2 CONT Bolingbroke in Wales and brought captive to London, where on September 30, 
2 CONT 1399, he formally resigned his crown. On the following day his abdication 
2 CONT was ratified by Parliament, which then confirmed Bolingbroke as King Henry 
2 CONT IV. Richard was secretly confined in Pontefract Castle, where he either 
2 CONT died of starvation or was murdered in February 1400.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I858@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1411
1 FAMC @F1464@
1 FAMS @F395@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I859@ INDI
1 NAME Anne of Bohemia //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1366
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1394
1 FAMC @F397@
1 FAMS @F396@
0 @I860@ INDI
1 NAME Charles IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia & Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1316
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1378
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1347/1378
1 FAMC @F1374@
1 FAMS @F397@
1 NOTE Charles IV (Holy Roman Empire), called Charles of Luxemburg (1316-78), 
2 CONT king of Bohemia and of the Germans, Holy Roman emperor (1347-78; crowned 
2 CONT 1355). His reign was marked by his issuance of the Golden Bull, a document 
2 CONT establishing the method of imperial election.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I861@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1389
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1409
1 FAMC @F402@
1 FAMS @F398@
0 @I862@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Juliers
1 FAMS @F1464@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I863@ INDI
1 NAME John of Eltham /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Cornwall
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1336
1 FAMC @F393@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I864@ INDI
1 NAME Henry IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE APR 1367
2 PLAC Bolingbroke Castle
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 MAR 1413
2 PLAC London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1399/1413
1 FAMC @F391@
1 FAMS @F400@
1 FAMS @F4134@
1 NOTE He was also duke of Heresford and Lancaster, the first king of the house 
2 CONT of Lancaster. He was also known as Henry of Lancaster and Henry of 
2 CONT Bolingbroke. From 1387 to 1390 he was a leader of the party that opposed 
2 CONT his cousin King Richard II. Henry subsequently fought with the Teutonic 
2 CONT Knights against the Lithuanians and made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. After 
2 CONT his return to England he allied himself with the king. Because of a 
2 CONT quarrel with Thomas Mowbray, 1st duke of Norfolk, in 1398, Henry was 
2 CONT exiled for six years by Richard, who promised that Henry would not lose 
2 CONT his inheritance. When Henry's father died, however, Richard confiscated 
2 CONT the Lancastrian estates willed to Henry. Consequently, Henry raised an 
2 CONT army, invaded England, and captured Richard, who later abdicated. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1399 Henry was elected king by Parliament. The following year he 
2 CONT suppressed a revolt of nobles who supported Richard. The Scots and the 
2 CONT Welsh, aided by the French, then began a rebellion against the English 
2 CONT crown. The Scots were defeated (1402) at Humbleton Hill, but the Welsh 
2 CONT continued the rebellion for seven years under the leadership of the Welsh 
2 CONT chief Owen Glendower. In 1403 the Percy family rebelled against Henry 
2 CONT because they were dissatisfied with the rewards for service he had 
2 CONT bestowed upon them; they were defeated in the Battle of Shrewsbury in the 
2 CONT same year. Wars and rebellions persisted after that date but diminished in 
2 CONT number. During his reign Henry IV persecuted the religious sect known as 
2 CONT the Lollards. He was succeeded by his son, Henry V.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I865@ INDI
1 NAME Henry V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT AUG 1387
2 PLAC Monmouth
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 AUG 1422
2 PLAC Vincennes, France
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1413/1422
1 FAMC @F400@
1 FAMS @F401@
1 NOTE Henry V (of England) (1387-1422), king of England (1413-22) and Prince of 
2 CONT Wales, known for his victorious campaigns against France, born at Monmouth 
2 CONT in August or September 1387. He was the son and successor of Henry IV. In 
2 CONT 1403 Henry led the royal army that defeated the rebellious Percy family, 
2 CONT led by Sir Henry Percy, at Shrewsbury. He also commanded the English 
2 CONT forces that put down the revolt of the Welsh chief Owen Glendower. In 
2 CONT 1410-11, when his father was incapacitated by illness, Henry headed the 
2 CONT royal council, but was removed after a political quarrel with his father. 
2 CONT On succeeding to the throne in 1413 Henry V restored Sir Henry Percy's son 
2 CONT to his lands and titles; he also honorably reburied at Westminster Abbey 
2 CONT the remains of Richard II, who had been deposed by Henry IV and had died 
2 CONT in prison during the latter's reign. The new king continued his father's 
2 CONT policy in persecuting the religious sect known as the Lollards and 
2 CONT executed their leader, Sir John Oldcastle, in 1417. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1415 Henry warred against France, winning in that same year the Battle 
2 CONT of Agincourt. The following year he allied himself with the Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor Sigismund, and in 1417 he began the conquest of Normandy, 
2 CONT completing it with the capture of Rouen two years later. He concluded a 
2 CONT peace treaty with Charles VI of France at Troyes in 1420, obtaining 
2 CONT Charles's daughter, Catherine of Valois, in marriage and securing the 
2 CONT promise of succession to the French throne on the death of Charles. When 
2 CONT Henry returned to England in 1421, leaving his brother Thomas, duke of 
2 CONT Clarence (1389?-1421), as governor of Normandy, the French rose in 
2 CONT opposition to English rule and defeated the duke. Henry returned to France 
2 CONT for a third campaign, but he became ill and died. He was the most 
2 CONT influential ruler in western Europe at the time of his death in Vincennes, 
2 CONT France, August 31, 1422. He was succeeded by his son Henry VI.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I866@ INDI
1 NAME Henry VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 DEC 1421
2 PLAC Windsor, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 MAY 1471
2 PLAC Tower of London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1422/1461
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1470/1471
1 FAMC @F401@
1 FAMS @F403@
1 NOTE He was also duke of Cornwall and the last king of the house of Lancaster. 
2 CONT He never showed any aptitude for government, and throughout his reign the 
2 CONT English court was dominated by competing aristocratic factions. Like his 
2 CONT father, he claimed the crown of France, but France gradually freed itself 
2 CONT from English control between 1430 and 1453.  During the 1450s a group of 
2 CONT nobles sought to replace him with Richard, duke of York, the next in line 
2 CONT of succession to the throne. The resulting civil conflict between the 
2 CONT houses of Lancaster and York, known as the Wars of the Roses, began in 
2 CONT 1455. After intermittent fighting Henry was captured by the Yorkists at 
2 CONT Northampton and was compelled to acknowledge Richard rather than his own 
2 CONT infant son as successor. In 1460 Richard was killed by Henry's forces at 
2 CONT Wakefield. Richard's son subsequently became leader of the Yorkists and 
2 CONT proclaimed himself king as Edward IV. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Henry and his queen escaped to Scotland, where they remained until 1464. 
2 CONT In that year he returned to take part in a rebellion against Edward but 
2 CONT was captured (1465) and imprisoned in the Tower of London. He had suffered 
2 CONT attacks of insanity all his life and was now completely incapacitated. 
2 CONT Nevertheless, he became nominal ruler again in 1470. Dethroned the 
2 CONT following year and returned to the tower by Edward, he died there, 
2 CONT probably murdered on Edward's order. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Henry, who founded Eton College and King's College, University of 
2 CONT Cambridge, was venerated by many as a saint because of his piety.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I867@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Valois
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUN 1402
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1437
1 FAMC @F402@
1 FAMS @F401@
1 FAMS @F404@
1 NOTE Catherine of Valois (1401-37), queen consort of England (1420-22), wife of 
2 CONT Henry V, king of England, and daughter of Charles VI, king of France, born 
2 CONT in Paris. When she was 12 years old, Henry V renewed the negotiations 
2 CONT begun by his father for a marriage with Catherine. Henry demanded a large 
2 CONT dowry and the French regions of Aquitaine and Normandy. The proposition 
2 CONT was rejected, and in 1415 Henry invaded France and forced compliance with 
2 CONT his terms. When he married Catherine in Troyes, France, in June 1420, he 
2 CONT received the provinces claimed, the regency of France during the life of 
2 CONT Charles, and the right to succeed to the French throne after Charles's 
2 CONT death. In February 1421 Catherine was crowned at Westminster Abbey, and in 
2 CONT December she bore a son, later King Henry VI. After the death of Henry V 
2 CONT in 1422, Catherine's union with the Welsh squire Owen Tudor produced four 
2 CONT children. One of her sons, Edmund Tudor, earl of Richmond (1430?-56), 
2 CONT married Margaret Beaufort; their son became Henry VII, the first Tudor 
2 CONT king of England.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I868@ INDI
1 NAME Charles VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1368
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1422
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1380/1422
1 FAMC @F406@
1 FAMS @F402@
1 NOTE Charles VI (of France) (1368-1422), king of France (1380-1422). He was the 
2 CONT son of King Charles V. After his father's death in 1380, he was under the 
2 CONT guardianship of a ducal council until 1388, when he rejected its regency 
2 CONT and began to reign in his own right. Charles ruled well until 1392, when 
2 CONT he became insane. In the ensuing contest for control of the kingdom, 
2 CONT France suffered grievously from civil wars between the Armagnacs (house of 
2 CONT Orléans) and the Burgundians. The English took advantage of the internal 
2 CONT strife to invade France. They won the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, 
2 CONT conquered Normandy in 1417, captured Rouen in 1419 and Paris in 1420, and 
2 CONT imposed on Charles the Treaty of Troyes (1420). Under this treaty Charles 
2 CONT was compelled to marry his daughter to Henry V and to confer on Henry or 
2 CONT his heir the right of succession to the French throne.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I869@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Clarence, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1389
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1421
2 PLAC the Battle of Baugé
1 FAMC @F400@
1 FAMS @F4138@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I870@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Anjou
1 FAMS @F403@
0 @I871@ INDI
1 NAME Owen /TUDOR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1400
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1461
1 FAMC @F633@
1 FAMS @F404@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I872@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /TUDOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Richmond
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1430
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1456
1 FAMC @F404@
1 FAMS @F405@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I873@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /BEAUFORT/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1509
1 FAMC @F620@
1 FAMS @F1499@
1 FAMS @F405@
1 FAMS @F634@
1 FAMS @F635@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I874@ INDI
1 NAME Henry VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JAN 1457
2 PLAC Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 APR 1509
2 PLAC Richmond, Surrey, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1485/1509
1 FAMC @F405@
1 FAMS @F410@
1 NOTE Henry VII (of England), often called Henry Tudor (1457-1509), king of 
2 CONT England (1485-1509) and first ruler of the house of Tudor, whose reign 
2 CONT initiated a period of national unity following the strife of the 15th 
2 CONT century. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Henry, the son of Edmund Tudor, earl of Richmond (1430?-56), and Margaret 
2 CONT Beaufort, countess of Richmond and Derby (a direct descendant of John of 
2 CONT Gaunt, duke of Lancaster), was born on January 28, 1457, in Pembroke 
2 CONT Castle, Pembrokeshire. After the Yorkist king Edward IV seized the throne 
2 CONT from the Lancastrian Henry VI in 1471, Henry Tudor, a Lancastrian, took 
2 CONT refuge in Brittany. He became head of the house of Lancaster on the death 
2 CONT of Henry VI in the same year. In 1483, taking advantage of the indignation 
2 CONT aroused against Edward's successor, Richard III, whose nephews, Edward V 
2 CONT and Richard, duke of York (1472-83), were murdered in the Tower of London, 
2 CONT presumably on Richard's order, Henry crossed over to Wales, where he 
2 CONT gathered an army of supporters. In 1485, at Bosworth Field in England, he 
2 CONT met and defeated Richard, who was killed during the battle. Henry Tudor 
2 CONT was subsequently crowned Henry VII in London. In the following year he 
2 CONT married the Yorkist heiress, Elizabeth (1465-1503), eldest daughter of 
2 CONT Edward IV, uniting the houses of York and Lancaster and ending the Wars of 
2 CONT the Roses. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After his accession Henry had to contend with several Yorkist uprisings, 
2 CONT notably one led by the English impostor Lambert Simnel (circa 1471-1534), 
2 CONT who claimed to be Edward, earl of Warwick (1475-99), the last Yorkist 
2 CONT claimant to the throne. The real earl of Warwick was actually imprisoned 
2 CONT by Henry in the Tower of London at the time. Another revolt was led by the 
2 CONT Walloon impostor Perkin Warbeck, who claimed to be Richard, duke of York, 
2 CONT the younger of the murdered sons of Edward IV. Although both impostors had 
2 CONT strong backing in England and abroad, their forces were defeated by Henry. 
2 CONT In 1494 Henry sent the English statesman Sir Edward Poynings (1459-1521) 
2 CONT to Ireland to reestablish English control in that country. Henry managed 
2 CONT to maintain peaceful relations with Austria, Spain, and France throughout 
2 CONT most of his years as king. The reorganization in 1487 of the Star Chamber 
2 CONT was one of several means by which Henry strengthened the royal power over 
2 CONT the nobles. He died in Richmond, Surrey, on April 21, 1509, and was 
2 CONT succeeded by his second son, Henry VIII.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I875@ INDI
1 NAME Charles V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1337
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1380
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1364/1380
1 FAMC @F407@
1 FAMS @F406@
1 NOTE Charles V (of France), called The Wise (1337-80), king of France 
2 CONT (1364-80), born in Vincennes. He was the son of King John II. When John 
2 CONT was captured in September 1356 by the English at Poitiers during the 
2 CONT Hundred Years' War, Charles assumed the regency. The most significant 
2 CONT events of his regency were the Jacquerie (a peasant revolt) and the 
2 CONT insurrection of Paris under Étienne Marcel(circa 1315-58). Upon the death 
2 CONT (1364) of his father, Charles ascended the throne. War with the English 
2 CONT continued for a number of years, but with results highly favorable to 
2 CONT Charles, who stripped them of most of their conquests in France and 
2 CONT strengthened the power of the monarchy. A generous patron of literature 
2 CONT and the arts, Charles founded (1367) the first royal library in France. 
2 CONT During his reign the Bastille was added to the fortifications of Paris. He 
2 CONT was succeeded by his son, Charles VI.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I876@ INDI
1 NAME John II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1319
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1364
2 PLAC England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1350/1364
1 FAMC @F408@
1 FAMS @F407@
1 NOTE John II (of France), in French, Jean II, called The Good (1319-64), king 
2 CONT of France (1350-64), the son of King Phillip VI. During his reign he 
2 CONT debased the coinage to raise funds for the Hundred Years' War. John was 
2 CONT captured in 1356 by Edward, the Black Prince, at the Battle of Poitiers 
2 CONT and was imprisoned in England. His son Charles, later Charles V, acted as 
2 CONT regent during his captivity. John was returned to France in 1360 to raise 
2 CONT his ransom under the terms of the Peace of Brétigny. Because he was 
2 CONT unsuccessful in collecting the 3 million crowns required, in 1364 John 
2 CONT honorably resumed his captivity in England, where he died.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I877@ INDI
1 NAME Philip VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1293
2 PLAC Fontainebleau, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1350
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1328/1350
1 FAMC @F409@
1 FAMS @F408@
1 NOTE Philip VI (1293-1350), king of France (1328-50), the grandson of King 
2 CONT Philip III, the nephew of King Philip IV (the Fair), and son of Charles de 
2 CONT Valois (1270-1325), born in Fontainebleau. Philip held several countships, 
2 CONT including Valois, when he became regent of France on the death in 1328 of 
2 CONT his cousin Charles IV, king of France, the last of the Capetian line. 
2 CONT Although Edward III of England (a grandson of Philip IV) also had a claim 
2 CONT to the throne, Philip was crowned at Reims later the same year, becoming 
2 CONT the first ruler of the Valois dynasty. Also in that year he crushed a 
2 CONT popular revolt in Flanders. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1337 France embarked on the Hundred Years' War with England. The war 
2 CONT began badly for France. The English destroyed the French fleet off Sluis 
2 CONT in the Netherlands in 1340, won a major victory over the French army at 
2 CONT Crécy, France, in 1346, and captured Calais, France, in 1347. Following 
2 CONT these defeats, Philip made a truce with Edward III of England that lasted 
2 CONT until Philip's death. To meet the expenses of the war, Philip debased the 
2 CONT coinage, borrowed heavily, and levied burdensome taxes, particularly on 
2 CONT salt. In the last three years of Philip's reign France was devastated by a 
2 CONT plague called the Black Death.
0 @I878@ INDI
1 NAME Charles //
1 SEX M
1 TITL de Valois
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1270
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1325
1 FAMC @F166@
1 FAMS @F409@
0 @I879@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 TITL of York
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1466
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1503
1 FAMC @F411@
1 FAMS @F410@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I880@ INDI
1 NAME Edward IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 APR 1442
2 PLAC Rouen, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 APR 1483
2 PLAC Westminster, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1461/1470
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1471/1483
1 FAMC @F518@
1 FAMS @F1510@
1 FAMS @F411@
1 FAMS @F1533@
1 NOTE Also duke of York, who established the house of York on the English 
2 CONT throne. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT He inherited the title earl of March. During the Wars of the Roses, and 
2 CONT following defeat in the Battle of Ludlow in 1459, Edward was driven from 
2 CONT England by the Lancastrian king Henry VI. After his return to England and 
2 CONT the death of his father in the Battle of Wakefield in 1460, Edward became 
2 CONT head of the house of York. He defeated the Lancastrians in the Battle of 
2 CONT Mortimer's Cross in 1461 and was acclaimed king by Parliament, which also 
2 CONT declared Henry VI a usurper and traitor. Edward was crowned in June 1461. 
2 CONT In giving thanks in person to the House of Commons, he set a historic 
2 CONT precedent. Despite the civil war that continued intermittently until 1471, 
2 CONT when all Lancastrian resistance was crushed and Henry VI was taken 
2 CONT prisoner, Edward fostered the commerce of his realm. During his reign, 
2 CONT printing and silk manufacturing were introduced in England. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Edward's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, a commoner, and his efforts to 
2 CONT create a new nobility more amenable to his interests, angered the older 
2 CONT nobles and alienated Richard Neville, earl of Warwick, who had been a 
2 CONT power behind his throne. Warwick made an alliance with the Lancastrians 
2 CONT and, in 1470, drove Edward from the throne and into exile in Holland. 
2 CONT Henry VI again became king of England. Supplied with funds by his 
2 CONT brother-in-law, Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, Edward returned to 
2 CONT England in 1471, raised a large army, and won decisive victories over his 
2 CONT enemies at Barnet and Tewkesbury. Thereafter the crown was securely in his 
2 CONT possession. The later years of his reign were, for the most part, 
2 CONT uneventful. The most notable incident of this period was a short war with 
2 CONT France in 1475, which was terminated by an arrangement whereby King Louis 
2 CONT XI agreed to pay Edward an annual subsidy. Edward was succeeded by his son 
2 CONT Edward V.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I881@ INDI
1 NAME Henry VIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUN 1491
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 JAN 1547
2 PLAC London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1509/1547
1 FAMC @F410@
1 FAMS @F412@
1 FAMS @F413@
1 FAMS @F414@
1 FAMS @F415@
1 FAMS @F416@
1 FAMS @F417@
1 FAMS @F639@
1 NOTE He was the founder of the Church of England.  He profoundly influenced the 
2 CONT character of the English monarchy. On the death of his father in 1509, 
2 CONT succeeded to the throne.  At the beginning of his reign, Henry's good 
2 CONT looks and hearty personality, his fondness for sport and the hunt, and his 
2 CONT military prowess endeared him to his subjects. A monarch of the period 
2 CONT known as the Renaissance, he entertained numerous scholars and artists, 
2 CONT including the German painter Hans Holbein the Younger, who painted several 
2 CONT famous portraits of the king and members of his court. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT A Question of Divorce
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1511 Henry joined in the Holy League against France, and in 1513 he led 
2 CONT the English forces through a victorious campaign in northern France. 
2 CONT Deserted by his allies, Henry arranged a marriage in 1514 between his 
2 CONT sister Mary (1496-1533) and Louis XII of France, with whom he formed an 
2 CONT alliance. Louis's successor, Francis I, met Henry at a magnificently 
2 CONT staged meeting on the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520, but no 
2 CONT significant political decisions resulted from this meeting. In 1525 riots 
2 CONT broke out in England in protest against an attempt by Henry to levy taxes 
2 CONT for military purposes, and he withdrew from major military activity in 
2 CONT Europe. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1527 Henry announced his desire to divorce his wife, on the grounds 
2 CONT that the papal dispensation making the marriage possible was invalid. The 
2 CONT chief reason for the divorce was that Catherine had failed to produce a 
2 CONT male heir. Her only surviving child was Mary, later Mary I of England. In 
2 CONT addition, Henry was in love with Anne Boleyn, a young and beautiful 
2 CONT lady-in-waiting of the queen. Several obstacles, however, stood in the way 
2 CONT of the divorce. Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Catherine's nephew, strongly 
2 CONT opposed the divorce, and Pope Clement VII, whom Charles had made a 
2 CONT prisoner, could not invalidate the marriage without displeasing his 
2 CONT captor. In 1528 the pope was persuaded to appoint the English cardinal and 
2 CONT statesman Thomas Wolsey and Lorenzo Campeggio (1474-1539), a papal legate, 
2 CONT to try the case in an English legatine court. In 1529, the pope summoned 
2 CONT the case to Rome. When the prospect of securing a papal annulment seemed 
2 CONT hopeless, Henry dismissed Wolsey and appointed Sir Thomas More. The 
2 CONT latter, however, was reluctant to support the divorce. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT The Break with the Papacy
2 CONT 
2 CONT Henry now proceeded to dissolve one by one the ties to the papacy. With 
2 CONT the aid of parliamentary legislation, he first secured control of the 
2 CONT clergy, compelling that group in 1532 to acknowledge him as head of the 
2 CONT English church. In the following year Henry secretly married Anne Boleyn, 
2 CONT who was crowned queen after Henry's obedient archbishop of Canterbury, 
2 CONT Thomas Cranmer, declared the marriage with Catherine void and that with 
2 CONT Anne valid. An act of succession affirmed the declaration of the 
2 CONT archbishop and established Anne's progeny as heirs to the throne. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Although Henry was immediately excommunicated, he repudiated papal 
2 CONT jurisdiction in 1534 and made himself the supreme ecclesiastical authority 
2 CONT in England. The English people were required to affirm under oath Henry's 
2 CONT supremacy and the act of succession. Sir Thomas More and the English 
2 CONT cardinal John Fisher were executed for refusing to accept the religious 
2 CONT supremacy of the English monarch. Henry dissolved the monastic communities 
2 CONT and gave much of their property to the nobles in exchange for their 
2 CONT support. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1536, after charging Anne Boleyn with incest and adultery, Henry had 
2 CONT her executed. A few days after Anne's death, Henry married Jane Seymour, 
2 CONT who died in 1537 after bearing Henry's only legitimate son, Edward, later 
2 CONT Edward VI. A marriage was arranged in 1540 with Anne of Cleves (1515-57) 
2 CONT in order to form a tie between England and the Protestant princes of 
2 CONT Germany. Because Anne was unattractive and because Henry found the 
2 CONT political alliance no longer to his advantage, he divorced her after 
2 CONT several months and married Catherine Howard in the same year. She was 
2 CONT executed summarily in 1542 for having been unchaste prior to marriage and 
2 CONT having committed adultery. In the following year Henry married his sixth 
2 CONT wife, Catherine Parr, who survived him. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Between 1542 and 1546 Henry was involved in war with Scotland and France. 
2 CONT His troops defeated the Scots at Solway Moss in 1542. They captured 
2 CONT Boulogne-sur-Mer from the French in 1544, and when peace was made in 1546 
2 CONT Henry received an indemnity from France. He died in London on January 28, 
2 CONT 1547. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Effects of Henry's Reign
2 CONT 
2 CONT Although he altered the church, Henry did not wish to introduce Protestant 
2 CONT doctrine. Those who refused to accept Church of England teachings as well 
2 CONT as those who rejected Henry's authority over the church were executed. The 
2 CONT licensing of an English translation of the Bible, the issuance of 
2 CONT Cranmer's litany, and the translation into English of certain parts of the 
2 CONT traditional service were the only important religious changes made during 
2 CONT Henry's reign. In terms of the monarchy, he intensified the authoritarian 
2 CONT elements characteristic of the Tudor dynasty to which he belonged. The 
2 CONT great strength of government developed by Henry was used powerfully in the 
2 CONT reign of Elizabeth I, his daughter by Anne Boleyn.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I882@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Aragón
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 DEC 1485
2 PLAC Alcala de Henares, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1536
1 FAMC @F421@
1 FAMS @F418@
1 FAMS @F412@
1 NOTE She, as the first wife of King Henry VIII, occupies a prominent place in 
2 CONT history because the question of her marriage to Henry was a factor in the 
2 CONT Reformation in England.  Henry's father, King Henry VII, hoped to form a 
2 CONT binding alliance with Spain when he negotiated the marriage of Catherine 
2 CONT and his son Arthur, prince of Wales. She went to England in 1501 and was 
2 CONT married in November, but Arthur died in April 1502. A few months later 
2 CONT Henry VII arranged a second marriage for Catherine with his second son 
2 CONT Henry, then 12 years old. A papal dispensation enabling Henry to marry the 
2 CONT widow of his brother was obtained in 1503. Henry succeeded to the throne 
2 CONT in April 1509 and in June he married Catherine. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Although the marriage was, on the whole, fairly successful, the 
2 CONT pro-Spanish sympathies of Catherine brought some difficulties during the 
2 CONT periods of French alliance. Catherine bore Henry six children, only one of 
2 CONT whom, a daughter, later Queen Mary I, survived. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1527 Henry tried to annul his marriage to Catherine so that he could 
2 CONT marry Anne Boleyn, who he hoped would give him a male heir to the throne. 
2 CONT The pope refused to make a decision on the proposed annulment, and in 1533 
2 CONT Henry was married to Anne by the archbishop of Canterbury. In 1534 the 
2 CONT pope finally declared that the first marriage was valid, thus bringing 
2 CONT about the alienation of Henry VIII from the Roman Catholic church. 
2 CONT Catherine did not quit the kingdom, but was thereafter closely guarded. 
2 CONT During this time she displayed heroic courage and steadfastly refused to 
2 CONT sign away her rights and those of Mary.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I883@ INDI
1 NAME Mary I //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 FEB 1516
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 NOV 1558
2 PLAC London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1553/1558
1 FAMC @F412@
1 FAMS @F438@
1 NOTE On the death of her half brother, Edward VI, on July 6, 1553, she became 
2 CONT the legal heir to the throne. Lord High Chamberlain John Dudley, duke of 
2 CONT Northumberland, however, favored the succession of his daughter-in-law, 
2 CONT Lady Jane Grey. He proclaimed her queen on July 10, but the country 
2 CONT supported Mary. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Mary began her reign by sweeping away the religious innovations of her 
2 CONT father. Mass was restored without opposition and the authority of the pope 
2 CONT reestablished, but Parliament refused to restore the church lands seized 
2 CONT under Henry VIII. Mary, however, restored the property that the Crown 
2 CONT still possessed. Even more disastrous was her marriage to Philip II, king 
2 CONT of Spain. The engagement was greeted in England by a formidable rebellion 
2 CONT under the leadership of Sir Thomas Wyatt (1521-54) to depose Mary and put 
2 CONT her half sister, Elizabeth, later Elizabeth I, on the throne. Philip was 
2 CONT an uncompromising Roman Catholic and unpopular in England. At his order, 
2 CONT Mary joined in a war against France, with the result that Calais, the last 
2 CONT remnant of the English conquests won during the Hundred Years' War with 
2 CONT France, was lost in 1558. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The ferocity with which Mary's personal character has been assailed by 
2 CONT certain writers must be ascribed to religious zeal. She was called Bloody 
2 CONT Mary because of a large number of religious persecutions that took place 
2 CONT during her reign; almost 300 people were condemned to death as a result of 
2 CONT trials for heresy. Mary was succeeded by Elizabeth I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I884@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1507
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 MAY 1536
1 FAMC @F686@
1 FAMS @F413@
1 NOTE Boleyn, Anne (1507?-36), second wife of Henry VIII, king of England. She 
2 CONT was the daughter of Sir Thomas Boleyn (1477-1539), later earl of Wiltshire 
2 CONT and Ormonde. After spending the years 1519 to 1521 at the French court, 
2 CONT Anne returned to England and was courted by the heir to the earldom of 
2 CONT Northumberland and by the king himself. Henry married Anne secretly in 
2 CONT January 1533, some months before Thomas Cranmer, archbishop of Canterbury, 
2 CONT pronounced Henry's divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Aragón. Anne 
2 CONT was crowned in June and in September gave birth to the future queen 
2 CONT Elizabeth I. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT On May 2, 1536, Anne was imprisoned in the Tower of London on charges of 
2 CONT adultery with her brother, three gentlemen of the privy chamber, and a 
2 CONT musician of the court and of conspiring with these men against the king's 
2 CONT life. The four commoners were tried on May 12, and Anne and her brother on 
2 CONT May 15; all were convicted of high treason. Whether Anne was guilty of 
2 CONT these crimes has never been determined. It is known that Henry wanted to 
2 CONT remarry. Anne's uncle, Thomas Howard, 3d duke of Norfolk, presided over 
2 CONT the judges who condemned her to death. No record of the evidence remains. 
2 CONT On May 17, the musician was hanged, and the other four beheaded. Two days 
2 CONT later, Anne was also beheaded. King Henry was betrothed to Jane Seymour 
2 CONT the next day.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I885@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth I //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1533
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 MAR 1603
2 PLAC London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1558/1603
1 FAMC @F413@
1 NOTE She was the last of the Tudor rulers of England. Although her legitimacy 
2 CONT was questioned and never settled (because an act of Parliament [1536] 
2 CONT invalidated the marriage of her parents and enabled Henry to marry his 
2 CONT third wife, Jane Seymour), both Parliament and Henry named as heirs to 
2 CONT this throne his children Edward, later Edward VI; Mary, later Mary I; and 
2 CONT Elizabeth, in that order. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Childhood and Accession as Queen
2 CONT 
2 CONT Elizabeth spent her childhood away from the court and received an 
2 CONT excellent classical education under such scholars as Roger Ascham, who 
2 CONT influenced her greatly. Henry's sixth wife, Catherine Parr, later became 
2 CONT fond of the young Elizabeth and brought her back to court. She remained in 
2 CONT Catherine's charge after Henry's death and took no part in the political 
2 CONT intrigues following the coronation of her brother as King Edward VI. When 
2 CONT Edward died, Elizabeth became a partisan of her sister Mary, refusing to 
2 CONT support the revolt led by the English soldier and conspirator Sir Thomas 
2 CONT Wyatt (1521?-54) against Mary, who became queen in 1553. Nevertheless, 
2 CONT Mary, a devout Roman Catholic, was made uneasy by the Protestantism of 
2 CONT Elizabeth and her potential menace as an heir to the throne. In 1554, 
2 CONT Elizabeth was imprisoned on the false charge of having been implicated in 
2 CONT Wyatt's rebellion. She was later released, having outwardly professed 
2 CONT Roman Catholicism, and regained Mary's favor. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT At the death of Mary in 1558, Elizabeth became queen, beginning one of the 
2 CONT greatest reigns in English history. At the time of Elizabeth's accession, 
2 CONT England was torn by religious strife, was economically insecure, and was 
2 CONT involved in a disastrous war with France. To these problems Elizabeth 
2 CONT brought a thorough education, innate shrewdness, and a skill in diplomacy 
2 CONT that she had constantly exercised during the reigns of Edward and Mary, 
2 CONT when one mistake might have meant her death. Although she was excessively 
2 CONT vain and capricious, her monarchial duties were always her primary 
2 CONT concern. Her policies and her colorful personality made her extremely 
2 CONT popular with her subjects. Elizabeth's statecraft was due, to a great 
2 CONT extent, to her choice of able and wise advisers, most notably Sir Francis 
2 CONT Walsingham and William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Religion was Elizabeth's initial problem as queen. She reverted to 
2 CONT Protestantism immediately after Mary's death, and her first Parliament 
2 CONT (1559) had a Protestant majority. Between 1559 and 1563, this Parliament 
2 CONT passed religious legislation that became the doctrinal basis of the Church 
2 CONT of England. In the Elizabethan Compromise (1559), the Church of England 
2 CONT became the established church, and throughout Elizabeth's reign Roman 
2 CONT Catholics and Puritans were persecuted. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT A Popular Queen
2 CONT 
2 CONT Elizabeth's domination of the period to which her name became attached was 
2 CONT due in part to the exuberant national spirit that she inspired and that 
2 CONT characterized all England during the second half of the 16th century. She 
2 CONT restored popular confidence in the monarchy, and a wave of prosperity 
2 CONT swept every field of endeavor. With the religious question settled and the 
2 CONT war with France concluded by the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559), 
2 CONT England was able to develop industrially and economically. Under 
2 CONT Elizabeth's direction, the government began to regulate commerce and 
2 CONT industry on a national scale. England grew to be a great maritime power 
2 CONT with the exploits of such mariners as Sir Francis Drake and Sir Martin 
2 CONT Frobisher. A new system of standard coinage was introduced in 1560 to 
2 CONT replace the silver coins that had been considerably debased during the 
2 CONT preceding three reigns. As a result, prices fell to normal levels and 
2 CONT confidence in English money was restored. Foreign trade, encouraged by the 
2 CONT government, became a great capitalistic enterprise. The Royal Exchange of 
2 CONT London was opened in 1566, and the company of merchants that later became 
2 CONT the English East India Company was chartered in 1600. Above all this 
2 CONT activity stood the figure of Elizabeth. In the eyes of her subjects, 
2 CONT Elizabeth was England. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT From the beginning of her reign, Elizabeth's marital status was a 
2 CONT political concern because there was no English heir to the throne. 
2 CONT Parliament insistently petitioned her to marry, but she replied with the 
2 CONT statement that she intended to live and die a virgin, and she became known 
2 CONT as the Virgin Queen. Her statement did not prevent her from toying 
2 CONT constantly with the idea of marriage. She was besieged by royal suitors, 
2 CONT each of whom she favored when it was in her political interest to do so. 
2 CONT Her affections, however, were bestowed on a succession of favorites, 
2 CONT notably Robert Dudley, 1st earl of Leicester, Sir Walter Raleigh, and 
2 CONT Robert Devereux, 2d earl of Essex. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Elizabeth's most delicate political problem was that involving her Roman 
2 CONT Catholic cousin, Mary, queen of Scots. Mary sought refuge in England after 
2 CONT being defeated in battle by her half brother, James Stuart, earl of Moray 
2 CONT (1531?-70). Elizabeth immediately imprisoned Mary because the Catholic 
2 CONT monarchs of Europe and her own Catholic subjects considered Elizabeth 
2 CONT illegitimate. By their reasoning, Mary was the lawful queen of England. 
2 CONT Thus, to Elizabeth, Mary was the potential center of conspiracy. Mary was 
2 CONT kept captive for years, giving rise to many plots by English Catholics for 
2 CONT her release. When in 1586 Walsingham, then secretary of state, discovered 
2 CONT a plot to assassinate Elizabeth and place Mary on the throne of England, 
2 CONT Elizabeth reluctantly agreed to have Mary executed in 1587. The execution 
2 CONT had serious results. Philip II of Spain had, for years, been troubled by 
2 CONT the raids of English mariners on his colonial possessions. Because both 
2 CONT Mary and Philip were Catholic, her death provided him with an added 
2 CONT stimulus to prosecute the war with England that had been going on since 
2 CONT 1585; he therefore sent a fleet to invade the country in 1588. The Spanish 
2 CONT Armada, however, suffered an inglorious defeat, and England eventually 
2 CONT took the place of Spain as the great colonizer of the New World and the 
2 CONT reigning power on the seas. Moreover, by inflicting such defeat on 
2 CONT Catholic Spain, England established Protestantism as a force in 
2 CONT international politics. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT End of an Era
2 CONT 
2 CONT Elizabeth's popularity waned toward the end of her reign because of her 
2 CONT heavy expenditures and abuse of royal power. Moreover, her policies became 
2 CONT weaker, her later ministers being less able than Cecil or Walsingham. The 
2 CONT close of Elizabeth's reign was disturbed by a revolt in Ireland that was 
2 CONT led by Hugh O'Neill. The 2d earl of Essex, Elizabeth's favorite, 
2 CONT unsuccessfully led an army against the Irish. When he returned to England, 
2 CONT he led a revolt against the queen and was executed in 1601. Following his 
2 CONT death, Elizabeth was disconsolate. She spent the last years of her life 
2 CONT unhappy and alone, having outlived a glorious age, the beginning of the 
2 CONT history of what would become modern England.
2 CONT   
2 CONT In addition to being a time of political triumphs, the Elizabethan era was 
2 CONT notable as one of the greatest periods of English literature. Edmund 
2 CONT Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, and Shakespeare were only a few of the host 
2 CONT of writers who created their great works under Elizabeth. The dramatic 
2 CONT personality of Elizabeth became the subject of a voluminous literature.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I886@ INDI
1 NAME Jane /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1509
2 PLAC Wiltshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 OCT 1537
1 FAMC @F816@
1 FAMS @F414@
1 NOTE Seymour, Jane (1509?-37), queen consort of England (1536-37) as the third 
2 CONT wife of King Henry VIII. The sister of Edward Seymour, and probably born 
2 CONT in Wiltshire, she served as a lady in waiting to Catherine of Aragón and 
2 CONT later to Anne Boleyn, the first two wives of Henry. Less than two weeks 
2 CONT after the execution of Anne Boleyn (1536), Jane privately married the 
2 CONT king. She died on October 24, 1537, 12 days after the birth of her son, 
2 CONT Edward, Henry's only male heir, later King Edward VI of England.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I887@ INDI
1 NAME Edward VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 OCT 1537
2 PLAC Hampton Court
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 JUL 1553
2 PLAC Greenwich, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1547/1553
1 FAMC @F414@
1 NOTE He was the last king in the male line of the house of Tudor. He succeeded 
2 CONT to the throne on the death of his father early in 1547. On his accession, 
2 CONT his maternal uncle, Edward Seymour, 1st earl of Hertford, was named Lord 
2 CONT Protector and duke of Somerset. In 1547 the Protector, in Edward's name, 
2 CONT invaded Scotland, using as a pretext an alleged violation by the Scots of 
2 CONT an agreement to give Mary, queen of Scots, in marriage to Edward. The 
2 CONT English forces defeated the Scots at Pinkie in September of that year. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Both Edward and the Protector strongly favored the principle of the 
2 CONT Reformation and did much to establish Protestantism in England. The body 
2 CONT of edicts known as the Six Articles, enacted in the reign of Henry VIII, 
2 CONT was repealed, and a new service book, the first Book of Common Prayer, was 
2 CONT imposed in 1549. Although it was moderate in its approach, it was strongly 
2 CONT opposed by Roman Catholics and stirred some uprisings. It subsequently, 
2 CONT however, came into general use in the Anglican church. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1549 Somerset's attempt to help poor peasants by forbidding enclosure 
2 CONT was thwarted by rich landowners, with the result that the peasants 
2 CONT revolted. The opportunity was used by John Dudley, later duke of 
2 CONT Northumberland, to remove Somerset from power. Edward was thereafter 
2 CONT virtually controlled by Dudley, who in 1552 persuaded him to have Somerset 
2 CONT executed for treason. The king became seriously ill of tuberculosis the 
2 CONT year after. Shortly before Edward's death, Dudley induced him to sign a 
2 CONT will depriving his half sisters, who later ruled as Mary I and Elizabeth 
2 CONT I, of their claim to the royal succession. The right of succession then 
2 CONT fell to Lady Jane Grey, who had married Dudley's son, but she was deposed 
2 CONT by Mary a few days later.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I888@ INDI
1 NAME Anne of Cleves //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1515
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1557
1 FAMC @F908@
1 FAMS @F415@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I889@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1525
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 FEB 1542
2 PLAC Tower of London, England
1 FAMC @F1162@
1 FAMS @F416@
1 NOTE Before Catherine was 20 years old, she had frequent meetings with Henry, 
2 CONT arranged by Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester. Henry divorced his 
2 CONT fourth wife, Anne of Cleves, on July 9, 1540, and married Catherine on 
2 CONT July 28. In November 1541 she was accused of immoral conduct both before 
2 CONT and during her marriage. She admitted to premarital relations, and her 
2 CONT accusers produced witnesses to testify to her adultery. Two of her accused 
2 CONT lovers were beheaded in December, and Parliament passed a bill of 
2 CONT attainder against her. On February 13, 1542, she, too, was beheaded in the 
2 CONT Tower of London.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I890@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine /PARR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1512
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1548
1 FAMC @F1190@
1 FAMS @F1205@
1 FAMS @F1204@
1 FAMS @F417@
1 FAMS @F721@
1 NOTE Catherine was twice widowed before marrying Henry in 1543. She acted as 
2 CONT regent for him while he campaigned in France (1544) and was influential in 
2 CONT restoring his daughters, the future queens Mary I and Elizabeth I, to his 
2 CONT favor; she helped educate both of them. A Protestant sympathizer, 
2 CONT Catherine protected from persecution those who dissented from Catholic 
2 CONT doctrine.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I891@ INDI
1 NAME Arthur /TUDOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 SEP 1486
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 APR 1502
1 FAMC @F410@
1 FAMS @F418@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I892@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F686@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I893@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F686@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I894@ INDI
1 NAME Geirlaug (Adele) //
1 SEX F
1 TITL de Normandie
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Neustrie
1 DEAT
2 DATE 963
2 SOUR England zx
1 FAMC @F155@
1 FAMS @F2078@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I895@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1508
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1508
1 FAMC @F687@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I896@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile, II Sicily, Aragón,  & III Naples
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1452
1 DEAT
2 DATE JAN 1516
1 FAMC @F504@
1 FAMS @F421@
1 FAMS @F652@
1 NOTE Ferdinand V, called The Catholic (1452-1516), king of Castile (1474-1504); 
2 CONT as Ferdinand II he was also king of Sicily (1468-1516) and of Aragón 
2 CONT (1479-1516); as Ferdinand III, king of Naples (1504-16). He was the son of 
2 CONT King John II of Aragón. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The union of the Spanish kingdoms of Aragón and Castile was effected in 
2 CONT 1469 by Ferdinand's marriage to his cousin Isabella I, queen of Castile. 
2 CONT Ferdinand had hoped by this alliance to obtain the Castilian crown for 
2 CONT himself, but his high-spirited and politically astute wife firmly retained 
2 CONT sovereign authority in her own realm. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The political philosophies of the two rulers were almost identical, 
2 CONT however, and their reign was inaugurated with the promulgation of 
2 CONT energetic and sweeping measures designed to strengthen the royal authority 
2 CONT and to curb the power of the nobles, who had usurped many privileges and 
2 CONT functions of the Crown. To this end, Ferdinand organized (1476) the Santa 
2 CONT Hermandad, or Holy Brotherhood, a kind of national military police. 
2 CONT Insistence on religious conformity was one of their basic policies. In 
2 CONT 1478 a bull issued by Pope Sixtus IV empowered the king and queen to 
2 CONT appoint three inquisitors to deal with heretics and other offenders 
2 CONT against the church; this marked the beginning of the Spanish Inquisition. 
2 CONT Although founded to further religious ends, the Inquisition in Spain 
2 CONT became a political instrument of the absolute monarchy, further abridging 
2 CONT the power of the nobles. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The year 1492 was the most notable of Ferdinand's reign. It opened with 
2 CONT the conquest of Granada, which marked the victorious conclusion of the 
2 CONT long struggle against the Moors. In August Christopher Columbus, sponsored 
2 CONT by Ferdinand and Isabella, set sail from the small Spanish seaport of 
2 CONT Palos on his epoch-making voyage to America, which was the first step in 
2 CONT the creation of the Spanish overseas colonial empire. In 1493, by the 
2 CONT terms of a treaty between Spain and France, Ferdinand recovered from King 
2 CONT Charles VIII of France the ancient province of Roussillon (now forming the 
2 CONT French department of Pyrénées-Orientales), which Ferdinand's father had 
2 CONT mortgaged to King Louis XI of France. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Because his daughter Joanna the Mad (1479-1555) became insane after the 
2 CONT death of Isabella, Ferdinand assumed the regency of Castile in 1506. He 
2 CONT joined the League of Cambrai against the republic of Venice in 1508, and 
2 CONT conquered Oran and Tripoli on the North African coast in 1509. He annexed 
2 CONT the kingdom of Navarre in 1512, thereby extending the borders of Spain 
2 CONT from the Pyrenees Mountains to the Rock of Gibraltar. Ferdinand was in 
2 CONT many ways a competent ruler. His reign, however, was characterized by an 
2 CONT insatiable thirst for power, and he was both cruel and perfidious. He was 
2 CONT succeeded by his grandson Charles (Holy Roman Emperor Charles V).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I897@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella I //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Castile
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1451
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 NOV 1504
1 FAMC @F538@
1 FAMS @F421@
1 NOTE Isabella I (1451-1504), queen of Castile, called la Católica (the 
2 CONT Catholic.). She was the daughter of John II of Castile and León by his 
2 CONT second wife, Isabella of Portugal. In 1469 Princess Isabella married 
2 CONT Ferdinand of Aragón, known also as Ferdinand V, The Catholic, and on the 
2 CONT death of her brother, Henry IV, Isabella and Ferdinand jointly succeeded 
2 CONT (1474) to the throne of Castile and León. Isabella's succession was 
2 CONT contested, however, by Alfonso V of Portugal, who supported the claim of 
2 CONT Henry's daughter Juana la Beltraneja (1462-1530). Alfonso attacked Castile 
2 CONT and León but was defeated by the Castilian army in 1476. Three years later 
2 CONT Ferdinand succeeded to the throne of Aragón. This union of the two main 
2 CONT Spanish kingdoms laid the foundation of Spain's future greatness. Isabella 
2 CONT and her husband (known together as “the Catholic kings”) are remembered 
2 CONT for completing the reconquest of Spain from the Moors, for initiating the 
2 CONT Inquisition, and for their ruthless expulsion of the Spanish Jews. They 
2 CONT are perhaps best known, however, for having sponsored the voyages of 
2 CONT Christopher Columbus.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I898@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMC @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I899@ INDI
1 NAME Anthony /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1520
1 FAMC @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I900@ INDI
1 NAME William /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Essex, Marquess of Northampton
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1513
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1571
1 FAMC @F1190@
1 FAMS @F1201@
1 FAMS @F1203@
1 FAMS @F683@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I901@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1563
1 FAMC @F816@
1 FAMS @F722@
1 FAMS @F723@
1 FAMS @F838@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I902@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1156
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1189
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F425@
0 @I903@ INDI
1 NAME Henry V the Lion //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, Prince of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1129
2 PLAC Ravensburg
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 AUG 1195
2 PLAC Brunswick
1 FAMC @F426@
1 FAMS @F425@
1 NOTE Henry the Lion (circa 1129-95), duke of Saxony (1139-80) and duke of 
2 CONT Bavaria (1156-80), a powerful German prince, who became a rival of the 
2 CONT Holy Roman emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The only son of Henry the Proud, duke of Bavaria and Saxony (1108-39), 
2 CONT Henry was probably born in Ravensburg. At the age of ten he succeeded his 
2 CONT father to the duchy of Saxony, which his mother and grandmother 
2 CONT administered for him until 1146. In 1147 Henry demanded that the Diet of 
2 CONT Frankfort restore to him the duchy of Bavaria, which had been taken from 
2 CONT his father. When refused, Henry began an unsuccessful war against Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Conrad III. After Conrad's death, however, Henry's duchy was 
2 CONT restored to him by the imperial successor, Frederick Barbarossa. Henry 
2 CONT subsequently aided Frederick in wars in Poland and Italy between 1157 and 
2 CONT 1159. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Possessing both German and Italian territories, Henry was a formidable 
2 CONT figure within the Holy Roman Empire. To curb him, a league of nobles and 
2 CONT prelates was formed in 1166; after two years of war, Henry was triumphant. 
2 CONT In 1168 he took as his second wife Matilda (1156-89), the daughter of 
2 CONT Henry II, king of England. In 1172-73 he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT By refusing to aid Frederick I in an Italian expedition, Henry instigated 
2 CONT a quarrel (1175-76) between himself and the emperor. As a result, he was 
2 CONT placed under the ban of the empire. He was deprived of most of his 
2 CONT possessions in 1180 and twice forced into exile, in 1182 and 1189, 
2 CONT spending most of his time in England. When he returned to Germany shortly 
2 CONT after the second exile, Henry took part in a rebellion of German nobles 
2 CONT against Frederick's successor, Emperor Henry VI. He made peace with the 
2 CONT emperor, however, at Fulda in 1190. Henry was a capable ruler, one of his 
2 CONT greatest accomplishments being the colonization of previously Slavic 
2 CONT territories east of the Elbe River. He died at Brunswick, August 6, 1195.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I904@ INDI
1 NAME Henry the Proud //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Saxony and Bavaria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1108
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1139
1 FAMS @F426@
0 @I905@ INDI
1 NAME Lothair II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1075
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1137
2 PLAC Italy
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1133/1137
1 FAMS @F427@
1 NOTE Lothair II (1075-1137), king of Germany (1125-37) and Holy Roman emperor 
2 CONT (1133-37), sometimes called Lothair III. Through his wife, Richenza, 
2 CONT Lothair secured extensive possessions in Saxony, and in 1106, as a reward 
2 CONT for his services to Emperor Henry V, he was granted the entire duchy. He 
2 CONT soon revolted against Henry, however, and their relations remained hostile 
2 CONT during most of Henry's reign. On Henry's death in 1125 Lothair was elected 
2 CONT German king over the rival candidate, Frederick II, duke of Swabia 
2 CONT (1090-1147). In 1127 the new king arranged the marriage of his daughter 
2 CONT and heiress, Gertrude (died 1143), to Henry X, duke of Bavaria (1108-39), 
2 CONT whom he invested with the duchy of Saxony in 1137. Thereafter a great 
2 CONT struggle for ascendancy ensued between the powerful houses of Welf, or 
2 CONT Guelph (the dukes of Saxony and Bavaria), and those of Hohenstaufen. The 
2 CONT Hohenstaufen revolted against Lothair's authority but finally submitted to 
2 CONT him after seven years of fruitless war. During that time Lothair gave his 
2 CONT support to Pope Innocent II (reigned 1130-43) and visited Rome, where he 
2 CONT was crowned Holy Roman emperor in 1133. Lothair was also successful in 
2 CONT extending his power east of the Elbe River and in Denmark. He died while 
2 CONT returning from a military expedition in Italy.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I906@ INDI
1 NAME Richenza //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F427@
0 @I907@ INDI
1 NAME Gertrude //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1143
1 FAMC @F427@
1 FAMS @F426@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I908@ INDI
1 NAME Lothair I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 795
1 DEAT
2 DATE 855
1 FAMC @F2211@
1 FAMS @F430@
1 NOTE Lothair I (795?-855), Holy Roman emperor (840-55), and eldest son of Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Louis I, the Pious, and grandson of Charlemagne. Lothair 
2 CONT became coruler with his father in 817 and was crowned by the pope six 
2 CONT years later. He twice conspired with his brothers in revolts against their 
2 CONT father. In 839 Lothair received the eastern part of the empire in addition 
2 CONT to Italy, which he had received in 822. After the death of Louis I, 
2 CONT Lothair attempted to assert his power over his brothers, but he was 
2 CONT defeated by them at Fontenoy, France, on June 25, 841. By the Treaty of 
2 CONT Verdun (843), the title of Holy Roman emperor was guaranteed to Lothair, 
2 CONT together with sovereignty over Italy, Burgundy, Alsace, Lorraine, and the 
2 CONT Low Countries. After having divided his kingdom among his three sons, 
2 CONT Lothair retired to a monastery. His second son, sometimes called Lothair 
2 CONT II (circa 835-69), reigned from 855 to 869 over the kingdom of 
2 CONT Lotharingia.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I909@ INDI
1 NAME Louis I the Pious //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor,King of France,Germany,Aquitane
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE AUG 778
2 PLAC Chassenueil, Aquitaine, France
1 BAPM
2 DATE 15 APR 781
2 PLAC Rome
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 JUN 840
2 PLAC Ingelheim, Germany
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 814/840
1 FAMC @F429@
1 FAMS @F428@
1 FAMS @F2211@
1 FAMS @F2538@
1 NOTE Louis I (Holy Roman Empire), called The Pious (778-840), Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor (814-40), king of France (814-40), king of Germany (814-40), and 
2 CONT king of Aquitaine (781-840). He was the son of Charlemagne, king of the 
2 CONT Franks. In 817 Louis made plans providing for the posthumous division of 
2 CONT the Carolingian Empire among his three surviving sons, Lothair I, Holy 
2 CONT Roman emperor, Louis II, king of Germany, and Charles II, Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor. His reign, however, was troubled by quarrels with his sons, who 
2 CONT were dissatisfied with his arrangements for the succession. Louis was 
2 CONT physically strong but was easily influenced and was unequal to 
2 CONT administering the large empire that he inherited from his father.
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I910@ INDI
1 NAME Charlemagne //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Franks, Holy Roman Emperor
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 APR 742
2 PLAC Aachen
1 DEAT
2 DATE 28 JAN 814
2 PLAC Aix-la-Chapelle
2 SOUR Faulkner, H.C. and Van Orden, W.H.  "Reader's Reference Handbook"  pub 
3 CONT 1889  by A.L. Burt in New York.
1 FAMC @F1985@
1 FAMS @F2213@
1 FAMS @F429@
1 FAMS @F2509@
1 FAMS @F2511@
1 FAMS @F2512@
1 FAMS @F2513@
1 FAMS @F2514@
1 FAMS @F2515@
1 FAMS @F2516@
1 NOTE His name in Latin is Carolus Magnus (Charles the Great), who led his 
2 CONT Frankish armies to victory over numerous other peoples and established his 
2 CONT rule in most of western and central Europe. He was the best-known and most 
2 CONT influential king in Europe in the Middle Ages. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Early Years
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 751 Pepin the Short dethroned the last Merovingian king and assumed the 
2 CONT royal title himself. He was crowned by Pope Stephen II in 754. Besides 
2 CONT anointing Pepin, Pope Stephen anointed both Charlemagne and his younger 
2 CONT brother Carloman. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Within the year Pepin invaded Italy to protect the pope against the 
2 CONT Lombards, and in 756 he again had to rush to the pope's aid. From 760 on, 
2 CONT Pepin's main military efforts went into the conquest of Aquitaine, the 
2 CONT lands south of the Loire River. Charlemagne accompanied his father on most 
2 CONT of these expeditions. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Campaigns
2 CONT 
2 CONT When Pepin died in 768, the rule of his realms was to be shared between 
2 CONT his two sons. Charlemagne sought an alliance with the Lombards by marrying 
2 CONT the daughter of their king, Desiderius (reigned 757-74). In 771 Carloman 
2 CONT died suddenly. Charlemagne then seized his territories, but Carloman's 
2 CONT heirs took refuge at the court of Desiderius. By that time Charlemagne had 
2 CONT repudiated his wife, and Desiderius was no longer friendly. In 772, when 
2 CONT Pope Adrian I appealed to Charlemagne for help against Desiderius, the 
2 CONT Frankish king invaded Italy, deposed his erstwhile father-in-law (774), 
2 CONT and himself assumed the royal title. He then journeyed to Rome and 
2 CONT reaffirmed his father's promise to protect papal lands. As early as 772 
2 CONT Charlemagne had fought onslaughts of the heathen Saxons on his lands. 
2 CONT Buoyed by his Italian success, he now (775) embarked on a campaign to 
2 CONT conquer and Christianize them. That campaign had some initial success but 
2 CONT was to drag on for 30 years, in which time he conducted many other 
2 CONT campaigns as well. He fought in Spain in 778; on the return trip his rear 
2 CONT guard, led by Roland, was ambushed, a story immortalized in The Song of 
2 CONT Roland. In 788 he subjected the Bavarians to his rule, and between 791 and 
2 CONT 796 Charlemagne's armies conquered the empire of the Avars (corresponding 
2 CONT roughly to modern Hungary and Austria). 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Coronation
2 CONT 
2 CONT Having thus established Frankish rule over so many other peoples, 
2 CONT Charlemagne had in fact built an empire and become an emperor. It remained 
2 CONT only for him to add the title. On Christmas Day, in 800, Charlemagne knelt 
2 CONT to pray in Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope Leo III then placed a 
2 CONT crown upon his head, and the people assembled in the church acclaimed him 
2 CONT the great, pacific emperor of the Romans. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charlemagne's biographer, Einhard, reported that the king was surprised by 
2 CONT this coronation and that had he known it was going to happen, he would not 
2 CONT have gone into the church that day. This report has led to much 
2 CONT speculation by historians. Charlemagne probably desired and expected to 
2 CONT get the imperial title and he subsequently used it. In 813 he designated 
2 CONT his sole surviving son, Louis, as his successor, and personally crowned 
2 CONT him. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Administration
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charlemagne established a more permanent royal capital than had any of his 
2 CONT predecessors. His favorite residence from 794 on was at Aix-la-Chapelle. 
2 CONT He had a church and a palace constructed there, based in part on 
2 CONT architectural borrowings from Ravenna and Rome. At his court he gathered 
2 CONT scholars from all over Europe, the most famous being the English cleric 
2 CONT Alcuin of York, whom he placed in charge of the palace school. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Administration of the empire was entrusted to some 250 royal 
2 CONT administrators called counts. Charlemagne issued hundreds of decrees, 
2 CONT called capitularies, dealing with a broad range of topics from judicial 
2 CONT and military matters to monasteries, education, and the management of 
2 CONT royal estates. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The empire did not expand after 800; indeed, already in the 790s the 
2 CONT seacoasts and river valleys experienced the first, dreaded visits of the 
2 CONT Vikings. Charlemagne ordered a special watch against them in every harbor, 
2 CONT but with little effect. He died before their full, destructive force was 
2 CONT unleashed on the empire. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Evaluation
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charlemagne is important not only for the number of his victories and the 
2 CONT size of his empire, but for the special blend of tradition and innovation 
2 CONT that he represented. On the one hand, he was a traditional Germanic 
2 CONT warrior, who spent most of his adult life fighting. In the Saxon campaigns 
2 CONT he imposed baptism by the sword, and he retaliated against rebels with 
2 CONT merciless slaughter. On the other hand, he placed his immense power and 
2 CONT prestige at the service of Christian doctrine, the monastic life, the 
2 CONT teaching of Latin, the copying of books, and the rule of law. His life, 
2 CONT held up as a model to most later kings, thus embodied the fusion of 
2 CONT Germanic, Roman, and Christian cultures that became the basis of European 
2 CONT civilization.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I911@ INDI
1 NAME Lothair II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King de Lorraine
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 835
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 AUG 869
2 PLAC Piacenza, Italy
1 FAMC @F430@
1 FAMS @F2187@
1 FAMS @F2210@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I912@ INDI
1 NAME Hilda //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F2077@
1 FAMS @F431@
1 SOUR yes qw
0 @I913@ INDI
1 NAME Eystein //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of More
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F1983@
1 FAMS @F432@
1 SOUR yes qw
0 @I914@ INDI
1 NAME Carloman //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of the Franks
1 BIRT
2 DATE 751
1 DEAT
2 DATE 771
1 FAMC @F1985@
0 @I915@ INDI
1 NAME Charles the Younger //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 772
1 DEAT
2 DATE 811
1 FAMC @F429@
1 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
0 @I916@ INDI
1 NAME Desiderius //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Lombards
1 FAMS @F433@
0 @I917@ INDI
1 NAME Carloman //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 715
1 DEAT
2 DATE 754
1 FAMC @F1984@
0 @I918@ INDI
1 NAME Pepin //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Herstal
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 635
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 DEC 714
1 FAMC @F435@
1 FAMS @F434@
1 FAMS @F2524@
1 NOTE He was Carolingian mayor of the palace, who reunited the Frankish realms 
2 CONT in the late Merovingian period. A grandson of Pepin the Elder, he 
2 CONT succeeded to his position in the kingdom of Austrasia around 680. In 687 
2 CONT he extended Carolingian rule to the other Frankish kingdoms, Neustria and 
2 CONT Burgundy, but retained members of the Merovingian dynasty as figurehead 
2 CONT monarchs in all three. Two years later he extended his control over the 
2 CONT Frisians, a pagan people living on the North Sea coast. Pepin's death was 
2 CONT followed by a civil war and the succession of his illegitimate son Charles 
2 CONT Martel.
0 @I919@ INDI
1 NAME Begga //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F436@
1 FAMS @F435@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I920@ INDI
1 NAME Pepin //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Elder, of Landen
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 580
1 DEAT
2 DATE 639
1 FAMS @F436@
1 NOTE Pepin the Elder (circa 580-639), founder of the Carolingian dynasty. A 
2 CONT noble of the Frankish kingdom of Austrasia, Pepin, also known as Pepin of 
2 CONT Landen, joined with Arnulf (circa 582-641), bishop of Metz, in the 
2 CONT struggle to overthrow Brunhild, queen of Austrasia, in 613, and 
2 CONT subsequently governed the kingdom as mayor of the palace for Brunhild's 
2 CONT successor, Clotaire II (circa 584-629). Pepin's descendants remained 
2 CONT dominant in Austrasia, and in the following century displaced the 
2 CONT Merovingians as the royal house of the Franks.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I921@ INDI
1 NAME Louis II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Germany
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 806
1 DEAT
2 DATE 876
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 843/876
1 FAMC @F2211@
1 FAMS @F739@
1 NOTE Louis II (of Germany), called The German (circa 806-76), king of Germany 
2 CONT (843-76), the third son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis I. An active 
2 CONT participant in the civil wars that marked the last ten years of his 
2 CONT father's reign, he became ruler of all Germany east of the Rhine by the 
2 CONT Treaty of Verdun in 843. Even after that, however, he continued to fight 
2 CONT his kinsmen, winning the eastern part of Lorraine in 870. An able ruler, 
2 CONT Louis strengthened government in his lands and patronized vernacular 
2 CONT literature.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I922@ INDI
1 NAME Charles II the Bald //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of France
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 823
2 PLAC Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 OCT 877
2 PLAC Avrieux, Dauphine, France
1 FAMC @F428@
1 FAMS @F437@
1 NOTE Charles II (Holy Roman Empire), called The Bald (823-77), Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor (875-77), and, as Charles I, king of France (843-77), born in 
2 CONT Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany. He was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor 
2 CONT Louis I; his mother, Louis's second wife, was Judith of Bavaria. Judith's 
2 CONT determination to secure a kingdom for her only son led to civil war with 
2 CONT Louis's other two surviving sons, Holy Roman Emperor Lothair I and King 
2 CONT Louis II of Germany. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of 
2 CONT Verdun in 843. Charles received the western portion of the empire, which 
2 CONT from this time may be called the kingdom of France, or the West Frankish 
2 CONT Kingdom. Charles was a weak ruler; the great nobles were rapidly becoming 
2 CONT independent, and the Vikings pillaged the country without meeting much 
2 CONT resistance from Charles, who preferred to buy them off. Nevertheless, when 
2 CONT Holy Roman Emperor Louis II died in 875, Charles received the imperial 
2 CONT crown through the favor of Pope John VIII. Charles was succeeded as king 
2 CONT of France by his son, Louis II (846-79), but the imperial throne was 
2 CONT vacant until 881.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I923@ INDI
1 NAME Judith //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Bavaria
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Altdorf, Bavaria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 APR 843
2 PLAC Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France
1 FAMC @F2526@
1 FAMS @F428@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I924@ INDI
1 NAME Louis II the Stammerer //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE NOV 846
2 PLAC Compiegne, Oise, Ile-de-France, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 FEB 879
1 FAMC @F437@
1 FAMS @F988@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I925@ INDI
1 NAME Philip II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAY 1527
2 PLAC Valladalid
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1598
2 PLAC El Escorias Palace, Madrid, Spain
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1556/1598
1 FAMC @F498@
1 FAMS @F496@
1 FAMS @F438@
1 FAMS @F497@
1 FAMS @F495@
1 NOTE He was a Habsburg king of Spain, who ruled the country at the height of 
2 CONT its power and influence and used that power in the service of the Roman 
2 CONT Catholic church and the Counter Reformation. During his reign the 
2 CONT Philippine Islands (named for him) were conquered and colonies were 
2 CONT established in what is now the southern United States. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT He was educated by Roman Catholic clergymen, whose influence shaped his 
2 CONT policies as king. Before succeeding to the throne of Spain upon his 
2 CONT father's abdication in 1556, Philip had already received the duchy of 
2 CONT Milan (1540), the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily (1554), and the 
2 CONT Netherlands (1555) from his father. With the throne of Spain he also 
2 CONT inherited extensive regions of the New World. Shortly after Philip's 
2 CONT accession, the Spanish forces were victorious over the French at the 
2 CONT battles of Saint-Quentin (1557) and Gravelines (1558), and the 60-year war 
2 CONT with France was concluded by the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559), which 
2 CONT was highly favorable to Spain. An outgrowth of the peace was Philip's 
2 CONT third marriage to Princess Elizabeth of France, who had been betrothed to 
2 CONT his son, Don Carlos.
2 CONT 
2 CONT In the Netherlands Philip banned Protestantism and severely restricted the 
2 CONT rights of the people. He used the Inquisition as a method of control, and 
2 CONT thousands of Protestants were killed or exiled. In 1567 the Protestants 
2 CONT revolted, and Philip sent an army to suppress them, thus beginning 80 
2 CONT years of war by which the northern provinces (now the Netherlands) won 
2 CONT their independence. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT In Spain Philip's oppression of the Moriscos (Christianized Muslims) 
2 CONT provoked them to rebel in 1568; after suppressing the revolt in 1571, 
2 CONT Philip exiled almost the entire group to the great detriment of the 
2 CONT country. In 1571 Philip sent his half brother John of Austria on a naval 
2 CONT expedition that destroyed the Ottoman navy at the Battle of Lepanto. 
2 CONT Asserting his claim to the throne of Portugal Philip conquered that 
2 CONT country in 1580. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT His desire to return the English to Catholicism as well as to check their 
2 CONT rival maritime power, led Philip to the decision to invade England, and to 
2 CONT that end he ordered the construction of a great fleet. In 1588 he 
2 CONT dispatched the Armada to the British Isles, where it was destroyed by bad 
2 CONT weather and the English. From 1590 to 1598 Philip was again at war with 
2 CONT France, aiding the Catholic forces of the Holy League in its war against 
2 CONT the Huguenot Henry IV. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1563 Philip began the construction of El Escorial, a somber monastic 
2 CONT palace outside Madrid, which ranks among Europe's finest architectural 
2 CONT monuments. Completed in 1584, it became his second residence.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I926@ INDI
1 NAME James V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1512
2 PLAC Linlithgow
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1542
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1513/1542
1 FAMC @F443@
1 FAMS @F1269@
1 FAMS @F439@
1 FAMS @F1283@
1 NOTE James V (1512-42), king of Scotland (1513-42), son of King James IV and 
2 CONT Margaret Tudor, born in Linlithgow. He was 17 months old when his father 
2 CONT was killed. His mother acted as regent until her marriage in 1514 to 
2 CONT Archibald, 6th earl of Angus. In that year John Stewart, duke of Albany 
2 CONT (1481-1536), became James's protector. In 1525, during the continued 
2 CONT struggle for control of the country, James was taken prisoner by his 
2 CONT stepfather. Three years later the king escaped and assumed control of 
2 CONT Scotland. He instituted judicial reforms and took measures to protect the 
2 CONT peasantry, by whom he was much admired. His uncle, Henry VIII, king of 
2 CONT England, tried to induce James to repudiate the authority of the Roman 
2 CONT Catholic church, but James refused, and relations between the two 
2 CONT countries became strained. War broke out in 1542, and in November the 
2 CONT Scottish force was routed at Solway Moss in northern England. Within a 
2 CONT month James died. He left one legitimate child, Mary, queen of Scots, who 
2 CONT was six days old at his death.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I927@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Scots
1 BIRT
2 DATE DEC 1542
2 PLAC Linlithgow
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 FEB 1587
1 FAMC @F439@
1 FAMS @F440@
1 FAMS @F441@
1 FAMS @F442@
1 NOTE Also Mary Stuart.  Mary became queen before she was a week old. In 1558 
2 CONT she was married to the Dauphin of France, who succeeded to the French 
2 CONT throne as Francis II in 1559 but died the following year. Mary returned to 
2 CONT Scotland in 1561. Although Roman Catholic, she surrounded herself at first 
2 CONT with Protestant advisers, her chief minister being her half brother James 
2 CONT Stuart, whom she soon afterward created earl of Moray. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Mary's marriage in 1565 to her cousin, the Catholic Scottish nobleman 
2 CONT Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, was performed with Roman Catholic rites. The 
2 CONT marriage aroused Protestant feelings and was the signal for an 
2 CONT insurrection by Moray and a Scottish noble family who hoped to be joined 
2 CONT by the whole Protestant party. Their hope was disappointed, however, and 
2 CONT the queen, taking the field in person, at once quelled the revolt. Her 
2 CONT triumph was scarcely over when misunderstandings began to arise between 
2 CONT her and Darnley. She had given him the title of king, but he now demanded 
2 CONT that the crown be secured to him for life and that, if the queen died 
2 CONT without children, it should descend to his heirs. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Before Moray's rebellion Mary's chief minister had been David Rizzio 
2 CONT (circa 1533-66), a court favorite and a Roman Catholic. The king was now 
2 CONT persuaded that Rizzio was the obstacle to his designs upon the crown. 
2 CONT Acting on this belief, he entered into a formal compact with Moray; Lord 
2 CONT Patrick Ruthven (1520?-66); James Douglas, 4th earl of Morton (1525-81); 
2 CONT and other leaders of the Protestant party. The result of this conspiracy 
2 CONT was the murder of Rizzio in 1566. Early in 1567 the house in which Darnley 
2 CONT lay sick was blown up by gunpowder, probably at the instigation of the 
2 CONT Scottish nobleman James Hepburn, 4th earl of Bothwell, who, since Moray's 
2 CONT revolt and still more since Rizzio's murder, had been favored by the 
2 CONT queen. Darnley was discovered strangled close by the scene of the 
2 CONT explosion. It was suspected that Mary herself was not wholly ignorant of 
2 CONT the plot. Evidence substantiating this theory is reflected in 
2 CONT incriminating letters and sonnets, allegedly written by Mary to Bothwell 
2 CONT and found later that year in a silver casket. Bothwell was brought to a 
2 CONT mock trial and acquitted; soon afterward he divorced his wife and married 
2 CONT Mary in a Protestant ceremony. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT This step at once turned the Scottish nobles against Mary. She was able to 
2 CONT lead an army against them, and although it was equal in number to the 
2 CONT confederate army, it was visibly inferior in discipline. On June 15, 1567, 
2 CONT Mary's forces were defeated at Carberry Hill and she was forced to abandon 
2 CONT Bothwell and surrender herself to the confederate lords. On July 24, at 
2 CONT Lochleven, she was prevailed upon to sign an act of abdication in favor of 
2 CONT her son, who was crowned as James VI five days afterward at Stirling. 
2 CONT Escaping from her island-prison at Lochleven on May 2, 1568, she was able 
2 CONT within a few days to assemble an army of 6000 men. On May 12 her army was 
2 CONT defeated by the regent Moray at Langside, near Glasgow. Four days 
2 CONT afterward, in spite of the entreaties of her best friends, Mary crossed 
2 CONT Solway Firth and sought refuge at the court of Elizabeth I, queen of 
2 CONT England, only to find herself a prisoner of Elizabeth for life. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Of the ensuing intrigues to effect her deliverance and to place her on the 
2 CONT throne of Elizabeth, the most famous was that of Mary's page, Anthony 
2 CONT Babington, who plotted to assassinate Elizabeth. The conspiracy was 
2 CONT discovered, and Mary was brought to trial in October 1586. She was 
2 CONT sentenced to death on October 25, but not until February 1, 1587, did 
2 CONT Elizabeth sign the warrant of execution, which was carried out a week 
2 CONT later.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I928@ INDI
1 NAME Francis II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1544
2 PLAC Fontainebleau, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1560
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1559/1560
1 FAMC @F487@
1 FAMS @F440@
1 NOTE Francis was a mental and physical weakling and was dominated by François, 
2 CONT duke of Guise, and Cardinal Charles of Lorraine, the uncles of his wife. 
2 CONT These two men, who in effect were the rulers during Francis's brief reign, 
2 CONT tried to repress the growing political power of the Protestants in France. 
2 CONT His death ended the ascendancy of the Guises at court.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I929@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /STUART/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord Darnley, Duke of Albany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1567
2 NOTE He was murdered.
1 FAMC @F4485@
1 FAMS @F441@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I930@ INDI
1 NAME James /HEPBURN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 4th Earl of Bothwell
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1578
1 FAMS @F442@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I931@ INDI
1 NAME James I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England & Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JUN 1566
2 PLAC Edinburgh Castle, Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 MAR 1625
2 PLAC Theobads
1 FAMC @F441@
1 FAMS @F455@
1 NOTE James I (of England) (1566-1625), king of England (1603-25) and, as James 
2 CONT VI, king of Scotland (1567-1625). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Born on June 19, 1566, in Edinburgh Castle, Scotland, James was the only 
2 CONT son of Mary, queen of Scots, and her second husband, Lord Darnley. On the 
2 CONT abdication of his mother in 1567, he was proclaimed king of Scotland. A 
2 CONT succession of regents ruled the kingdom until 1576, when James became 
2 CONT nominal ruler. The boy king was little more than a puppet in the hands of 
2 CONT political intriguers until 1581. In that year, with the aid of his 
2 CONT favorites, James Stuart, earl of Arran (died 1596), and Esmé Stuart, duke 
2 CONT of Lennox (1542?-83), James assumed actual rule of Scotland. Scotland was 
2 CONT at that time divided domestically by religious conflict between the 
2 CONT Protestants and Roman Catholics, and in foreign affairs by those favoring 
2 CONT an alliance with France and those supporting England. In 1582 James was 
2 CONT kidnapped by a group of Protestant nobles headed by William Ruthven, earl 
2 CONT of Gowrie (1541?-84), and was held virtual prisoner until he escaped the 
2 CONT following year. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1586, by the Treaty of Berwick, James formed an alliance with his 
2 CONT cousin, Queen Elizabeth I of England, and the following year, after the 
2 CONT execution of his mother, he succeeded in reducing the power of the great 
2 CONT Roman Catholic nobles. His marriage to Anne of Denmark (1574-1619) in 1589 
2 CONT brought him for a time into close relationship with the Protestants. After 
2 CONT the Gowrie conspiracy of 1600, James repressed the Protestants as strongly 
2 CONT as he had the Catholics. He replaced the feudal power of the nobility with 
2 CONT a strong central government, and maintaining the divine right of kings, he 
2 CONT enforced the superiority of the state over the church. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1603 Queen Elizabeth died childless, and James succeeded her as James 
2 CONT I, the first Stuart king of England. In 1604 he ended England's war with 
2 CONT Spain, but his tactless attitude toward Parliament, based on his belief in 
2 CONT divine right, led to prolonged conflict with that body. James convoked the 
2 CONT Hampton Court Conference (1604), at which he authorized a new translation 
2 CONT of the Bible, generally called the King James Version. His undue severity 
2 CONT toward Roman Catholics, however, led to the abortive Gunpowder Plot in 
2 CONT 1605. James tried unsuccessfully to advance the cause of religious peace 
2 CONT in Europe, giving his daughter Elizabeth in marriage to the elector of the 
2 CONT Palatinate, Frederick V (1596-1632), the leader of the German Protestants. 
2 CONT He also sought to end the conflict by attempting to arrange a marriage 
2 CONT between his son, Charles, and the infanta of Spain, then the principal 
2 CONT Catholic power. When he was rebuffed, he formed an alliance with France 
2 CONT and declared war on Spain, thus contributing to the flames he had tried to 
2 CONT quench. James I died at the Theobalds in Hertfordshire on March 27, 1625, 
2 CONT and was succeeded to the throne by his son, Charles I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I932@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Guise
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1515
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1560
1 FAMC @F445@
1 FAMS @F439@
1 NOTE Mary of Guise (1515-60), queen consort (1538-42) of James V of Scotland 
2 CONT and regent of Scotland (1554-60); also known as Mary of Lorraine. The 
2 CONT widowed daughter of the French soldier Claude de Lorraine, 1st duc de 
2 CONT Guise (1496-1550), Mary married King James in 1538. After his death in 
2 CONT 1542, she engaged in a power struggle with James Hamilton, 3d earl of 
2 CONT Arran (circa 1517-75), who had been appointed regent for his infant 
2 CONT daughter, Mary, queen of Scots. In 1548 she arranged her daughter's 
2 CONT betrothal to the French Dauphin. Mary secured Arran's resignation and 
2 CONT succeeded him as regent in 1554. When she began persecuting the Scottish 
2 CONT Protestants in 1559, they rebelled against her. Both France and England 
2 CONT intervened in the struggle, which ended with Mary's death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I933@ INDI
1 NAME James IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1473
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 SEP 1513
2 PLAC the Battle of Flodden Field
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1488/1513
1 FAMC @F446@
1 FAMS @F443@
1 NOTE James IV (1473-1513), king of Scotland (1488-1513), who unified the 
2 CONT country under his rule and, in spirit of the Renaissance, patronized arts 
2 CONT and learning. He was the son of King James III. Within a few months after 
2 CONT his accession he ended the revolt by Scottish nobles that had cost his 
2 CONT father his life. James expanded the Scottish navy, encouraged commerce, 
2 CONT and reformed the administration of criminal justice. His romantic 
2 CONT disposition induced him to support Perkin Warbeck, a claimant to the 
2 CONT English throne, and to invade England in behalf of Warbeck in 1495. Two 
2 CONT years later, however, a 7-year truce was concluded between Scotland and 
2 CONT England. In 1503 James married Margaret Tudor, the eldest daughter of King 
2 CONT Henry VII of England. This marriage eventually led to the union of the 
2 CONT crowns of England and Scotland. After 1509, when Henry VIII became king of 
2 CONT England, relations between the two countries became strained. Scotland was 
2 CONT a traditional ally of France, and during Anglo-French hostilities in 1513 
2 CONT James invaded England in aid of his ally. Despite initial successes, he 
2 CONT was plagued by desertions from his army, which was defeated at the Battle 
2 CONT of Flodden on September 9, 1513. James himself was killed. He was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son, James V. He also had a daughter that died in 1508, 
2 CONT and one that died in 1512.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I934@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /TUDOR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1489
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1541
1 FAMC @F410@
1 FAMS @F443@
1 FAMS @F444@
1 FAMS @F637@
1 NOTE Margaret Tudor (1489-1541), queen of Scotland, and daughter of King Henry 
2 CONT VII of England. She married King James IV of Scotland in 1503. In 1514, a 
2 CONT year after the king's death, she married Archibald Douglas, 6th earl of 
2 CONT Angus (1489-1557). Her great grandson, King James VI of Scotland, ascended 
2 CONT to the English throne as King James I in 1603.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I935@ INDI
1 NAME Archibald /DOUGLAS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 6th Earl of Angus
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1489
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1557
1 FAMS @F444@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I936@ INDI
1 NAME Claude /DE LORRAINE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Duc de Guise
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1496
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1550
1 FAMS @F445@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I937@ INDI
1 NAME James III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1451
2 PLAC Stirling
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1488
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1460/1488
1 FAMC @F447@
1 FAMS @F446@
1 NOTE James III (1451-88), king of Scotland (1460-88), son of King James II, 
2 CONT born in Stirling. He was crowned king in 1460 after the death of his 
2 CONT father. A regency ruled until 1469, when he began his personal rule. 
2 CONT Through his marriage to Margaret of Denmark (1457?-86) in the same year, 
2 CONT James gained control of the Orkney and Shetland islands. James was 
2 CONT unpopular with the Scottish nobles, who were led by his brother Alexander 
2 CONT Stewart, duke of Albany (1454?-85). The nobles seized the king and kept 
2 CONT him prisoner in the castle at Edinburgh. Under the duke of Albany, English 
2 CONT forces took Berwick and advanced to Edinburgh. In 1487, James made peace 
2 CONT with the English, thereby further alienating his turbulent nobles, who 
2 CONT rose in rebellion and induced James's son, later James IV, to become their 
2 CONT nominal head. In the ensuing battle at Sauchieburn between the nobles and 
2 CONT the Royalists, James was defeated, and he was murdered after the battle by 
2 CONT one of the rebels. He was succeeded by James IV.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I938@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1457
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1486
1 FAMC @F699@
1 FAMS @F446@
0 @I939@ INDI
1 NAME James II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1430
2 PLAC Edinburgh
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1460
2 PLAC Roxburgh Castle, Scotland
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1437/1460
1 FAMC @F448@
1 FAMS @F447@
1 NOTE James II (of Scotland) (1430-60), king of Scotland (1437-60), son of King 
2 CONT James I, born in Edinburgh. He was crowned shortly after the murder of his 
2 CONT father in 1437. A regency led by the Douglas family ruled until 1449, when 
2 CONT James began to govern by himself. His efforts to promote social welfare 
2 CONT were greatly obstructed by the nobles, especially by William, 8th earl of 
2 CONT Douglas (1425?-52), who was involved in treason and who was stabbed to 
2 CONT death by the king. James crushed a revolt of the Douglas family in 1452 
2 CONT and seized their estates. He then became entangled in the Wars of the 
2 CONT Roses, a contest between the houses of York and Lancaster for the English 
2 CONT throne. In 1460, at the head of an army, he was killed during the siege of 
2 CONT Roxburgh Castle in Scotland. He was succeeded as king by his son James 
2 CONT III.  He also had 2 sons and 2 daughters.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I940@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Albany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1454
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1485
1 FAMC @F447@
1 FAMS @F451@
1 FAMS @F1267@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I941@ INDI
1 NAME James I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1394
2 PLAC Dunfermline
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1437
2 NOTE He was assasinated.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1406/1437
1 FAMC @F1264@
1 FAMS @F448@
1 NOTE James I (of Scotland) (1394-1437), king of Scotland (1406-37), only 
2 CONT surviving son of King Robert III, born in Dunfermline. In 1406, shortly 
2 CONT before the death of his father, James was sent to France for safety from 
2 CONT rebellious Scottish nobles. The ship was seized by the English, and James 
2 CONT was kept a prisoner until 1423. The following year, having inherited the 
2 CONT Scottish throne in 1406, James returned to Scotland and was crowned. He 
2 CONT married Jane Beaufort (died 1445), niece of the English king Richard II, 
2 CONT and granddaughter of John of Gaunt. By 1429 James forced the Scottish 
2 CONT nobles to submit to royal authority. He tried to improve the 
2 CONT administration of justice and for the first time caused parliamentary acts 
2 CONT to be published in the language of the common people. He drew closer the 
2 CONT bond of alliance with France and gave his eldest daughter, Margaret 
2 CONT (1425?-45), in marriage to the Dauphin, later King Louis XI. James, 
2 CONT however, had antagonized the Scottish nobles by forfeiting their estates, 
2 CONT and he was assassinated in 1437. He was succeeded by his son James II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I942@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /STEWART/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1425
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1445
1 FAMC @F448@
1 FAMS @F449@
0 @I943@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 JUL 1423
2 PLAC Bourges
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 SEP 1483
2 PLAC Plessis-les-Tours
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1461/1483
1 FAMC @F454@
1 FAMS @F449@
1 FAMS @F452@
1 NOTE Louis XI (1423-83), king of France (1461-83), son and successor of Charles 
2 CONT VII, who continued his father's work of restoring unity and stability to 
2 CONT France after the ravages of the Hundred Years' War. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Louis was born in Bourges on July 3, 1423. After joining with discontented 
2 CONT nobles in an unsuccessful rebellion against Charles VII in 1440, he was 
2 CONT pardoned and made governor of Dauphiné, where he showed great 
2 CONT administrative ability. After the death of his first wife, Margaret of 
2 CONT Scotland (1425?-45), Louis defied his father by marrying (1447) Charlotte 
2 CONT of Savoy. From 1456 to 1461 he lived at the court of Philip the Good, duke 
2 CONT of Burgundy. Louis was known as The Spider because of his ugliness and the 
2 CONT skill with which he maneuvered against his enemies. After he became king, 
2 CONT his greatest antagonist was Charles the Bold, Philip's successor as duke 
2 CONT of Burgundy. Charles was influential in forming a conspiracy of nobles 
2 CONT called the League of the Public Weal, against Louis in 1465. In his 
2 CONT efforts to curb the powers of the great French nobles, Louis relied on the 
2 CONT support of the lower nobility and the middle class. After Charles the 
2 CONT Bold's defeat and death in 1477, Louis continued the war against Charles's 
2 CONT daughter, Mary of Burgundy (1457-82). He added Anjou, Maine, Provence, and 
2 CONT other regions to his kingdom in 1480-81; in 1482 he divided the Burgundian 
2 CONT territories with Mary's husband, Maximilian of Habsburg (later Holy Roman 
2 CONT Emperor Maximilian I). During most of his despotic reign Louis 
2 CONT relentlessly consolidated the royal power, employing bribery, diplomacy, 
2 CONT intrigue, treachery, and, occasionally, war. By consolidating his power, 
2 CONT he laid the foundation for the absolute monarchy in France, and by 
2 CONT promoting industry and commerce he increased the country's wealth. He died 
2 CONT at Plessis-les-Tours on August 30, 1483, and was succeeded by his son 
2 CONT Charles VIII.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I944@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /BEAUFORT/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 JUL 1445
2 SOUR Camplin, Kathleen Marie.  AOL user "Lorcalon"
1 FAMC @F619@
1 FAMS @F448@
1 FAMS @F1495@
0 @I945@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Guelders
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1463
1 FAMC @F450@
1 FAMS @F447@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I946@ INDI
1 NAME Arnold //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Guelders
1 FAMS @F450@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I947@ INDI
1 NAME Charlotte //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Savoy
1 FAMS @F452@
0 @I948@ INDI
1 NAME Charles VIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1470
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1498
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1483/1498
1 FAMC @F452@
1 FAMS @F453@
1 NOTE Charles VIII (of France) (1470-98), king of France (1483-98). He was the 
2 CONT son of Louis XI. His sister Anne (1461-1522) served as regent from 1483 to 
2 CONT 1491, when he began to reign in his own right. By his marriage (1491) to 
2 CONT Anne of Brittany (1477-1514), that province was united to France. The 
2 CONT chief event of his reign was his invasion of Italy in 1494 and his 
2 CONT temporary occupation (1495) of Naples. As a result of that invasion and 
2 CONT several subsequent ones, Italian cultural influences were introduced into 
2 CONT France.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I949@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1461
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1522
1 FAMC @F452@
0 @I950@ INDI
1 NAME Anne of Brittany //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1477
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1514
1 FAMS @F453@
1 FAMS @F659@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I951@ INDI
1 NAME Charles VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1403
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1461
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1422/1461
1 FAMC @F402@
1 FAMS @F454@
1 NOTE Charles VII (of France) (1403-61), king of France (1422-61), born in 
2 CONT Paris. He was the eldest surviving son of King Charles VI. When his father 
2 CONT died in 1422, the French throne did not pass to Charles but to the infant 
2 CONT King Henry VI of England, who was his nephew. The English inheritance had 
2 CONT been stipulated by the Treaty of Troyes (1420), which ended a phase of the 
2 CONT Hundred Years' War. Northern France was thereafter ruled by John of 
2 CONT Lancaster, regent for Henry, and southern France was governed by Charles, 
2 CONT who was called the Dauphin. During the next six years, the English, 
2 CONT strengthened by an alliance with Philip the Good, the powerful duke of 
2 CONT Burgundy, scored several major military victories. The tide of the war 
2 CONT changed when Joan of Arc lifted the siege of Orléans and won the Battle of 
2 CONT Patay in the spring of 1429. Charles was crowned king of France on July 
2 CONT 17, 1429, in Rheims Cathedral. In 1435, when Duke Philip abandoned the 
2 CONT English cause and formed an alliance with Charles, a French victory seemed 
2 CONT inevitable. The king entered Paris in 1436. In the following years the 
2 CONT English lost all their French possessions except Calais. The last battle 
2 CONT of the Hundred Years' War, a disastrous defeat for the English, was fought 
2 CONT at Castillon (now in Gironde Department) on July 17, 1453. Charles was not 
2 CONT a strong monarch, but he reformed the military, instituted sound fiscal 
2 CONT policies, and encouraged trade. He was succeeded by his son Louis XI, who 
2 CONT had been in revolt against his father since 1446.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I952@ INDI
1 NAME Anne of Denmark //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1574
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1619
1 FAMC @F704@
1 FAMS @F455@
0 @I953@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /STUART/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 AUG 1596
2 PLAC Dunfermline
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 FEB 1662
2 PLAC Leicester House, London, England
1 BURI
2 PLAC Westminster Abbey, England
1 FAMC @F455@
1 FAMS @F456@
1 NOTE She was the queen consort of Frederick, king of Bohemia (1619-20), born in 
2 CONT Fife, Scotland, daughter of James VI, king of Scotland, later James I of 
2 CONT England. At the age of 17 she was married to Frederick V, elector of the 
2 CONT Palatinate (1596-1632). Frederick, a Protestant, was chosen king of 
2 CONT Bohemia in 1619. In the following year he was defeated and deposed by the 
2 CONT Roman Catholic Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand II, a rival claimant to the 
2 CONT Bohemian throne. Frederick and Elizabeth were forced to seek asylum 
2 CONT abroad, eventually settling in The Hague. After her husband's death in 
2 CONT 1632, Elizabeth was active in the Protestant cause on the Continent, but 
2 CONT she finally returned to England, where she died and was buried in 
2 CONT Westminster Abbey. Because of her long struggle, many in Protestant Europe 
2 CONT regarded her as a heroine. Her 13 children included Sophia, electress of 
2 CONT Hannover (1630-1714), who was the mother of George I of England.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I954@ INDI
1 NAME Charles I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 NOV 1600
2 PLAC Dumtenline, Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 JAN 1649
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1625/1649
1 FAMC @F455@
1 FAMS @F733@
1 NOTE Charles I (of England) (1600-49), king of England, Scotland, and Ireland 
2 CONT (1625-49), who was deposed and executed during the English Revolution. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charles was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, on November 19, 1600. The 
2 CONT second son of James I, Charles became heir apparent when his elder 
2 CONT brother, Henry (1594-1612), died, and was made prince of Wales in 1616. In 
2 CONT 1623, during the Thirty Years' War, Charles visited Spain to negotiate his 
2 CONT proposed marriage with the Spanish infanta. The proposal had been made in 
2 CONT order to effect an alliance between Spain and England. When it became 
2 CONT apparent, however, that the Spanish had no intention of concluding such an 
2 CONT alliance, negotiations were begun for his marriage to the French princess 
2 CONT Henrietta Maria, and England formed an alliance with France against Spain. 
2 CONT In 1625 Charles succeeded to the throne and married Henrietta Maria, but 
2 CONT his marriage aroused the ill will of his Protestant subjects because the 
2 CONT queen consort was Roman Catholic. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Charles believed in the divine right of kings and in the authority of the 
2 CONT Church of England. These beliefs soon brought him into conflict with 
2 CONT Parliament and ultimately led to civil war. He came under the influence of 
2 CONT his close friend George Villiers, 1st duke of Buckingham, whom he 
2 CONT appointed his chief minister in defiance of public opinion and whose war 
2 CONT schemes ended ignominiously. Three Parliaments, convoked in four years, 
2 CONT were dissolved by Charles because of their refusal to comply with his 
2 CONT arbitrary measures. When the third Parliament met in 1628, it presented 
2 CONT the Petition of Right, a statement demanding that Charles make certain 
2 CONT reforms in exchange for war funds. Charles was forced to accept the 
2 CONT petition. In 1629, although the assassination of Buckingham had removed a 
2 CONT parliamentary grievance, Charles dismissed Parliament and had several 
2 CONT parliamentary leaders imprisoned. Charles governed without a Parliament 
2 CONT for the next 11 years. During this time forced loans, poundage, tonnage, 
2 CONT ship money, and other extraordinary financial measures were sanctioned to 
2 CONT meet governmental expenses. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1637 Charles's attempt to impose the Anglican liturgy in Scotland led 
2 CONT to rioting by Presbyterian Scots. Charles was unable to quell the revolt, 
2 CONT and in 1640 he convoked the so-called Short Parliament to raise an army 
2 CONT and necessary funds. This body, which sat for one month (April-May), 
2 CONT refused his demands, drew up a statement of public grievances, and 
2 CONT insisted on peace with Scotland. Obtaining money by irregular means, 
2 CONT Charles advanced against the Scots, who crossed the border, routed his 
2 CONT army at Newburn, and soon afterward occupied Newcastle and Durham. His 
2 CONT money exhausted, the king was compelled to call his fifth Parliament, the 
2 CONT Long Parliament, in 1640. Led by John Pym, it proceeded against the two 
2 CONT chief royal advisers and secured the imprisonment and subsequent 
2 CONT executions of the archbishop of Canterbury, William Laud, and Sir Thomas 
2 CONT Wentworth, 1st earl of Strafford. In 1641 Charles agreed to bills 
2 CONT abolishing the prerogative courts, prohibiting arbitrary taxation, and 
2 CONT ensuring that this Parliament would not be dissolved without its own 
2 CONT permission. The king also agreed to more religious liberties for the 
2 CONT Scots. Soon after, Charles was implicated in a plot to murder the 
2 CONT Covenanter leaders, including Archibald Campbell, 8th earl of Argyll. When 
2 CONT Charles visited Scotland in August 1641, he promised Campbell that he 
2 CONT would submit to the demands of the Scottish Parliament. While still in 
2 CONT Scotland, the king received word of a rebellion in Ireland in which 
2 CONT thousands of English colonists were massacred. When he returned to London 
2 CONT in November, he tried to have Parliament raise an army, under his control, 
2 CONT to put down the Irish revolt. Parliament, fearing that the army would be 
2 CONT used against itself, refused, and issued the Grand Remonstrance, a list of 
2 CONT reform demands, including the right of Parliament to approve the king's 
2 CONT ministers. Charles appeared in the House of Commons with an armed force 
2 CONT and tried to arrest Pym and four members. The country was aroused, and the 
2 CONT king fled with his family from London. Both sides then raised armies. The 
2 CONT supporters of Parliament were called Roundheads, and those of the king, 
2 CONT Cavaliers. The first civil war of the English Revolution, now inevitable, 
2 CONT began at Edgehill on October 23, 1642. The Cavaliers were initially 
2 CONT successful, but after a series of reverses Charles gave himself up to the 
2 CONT Scottish army on May 5, 1646. Having refused to accept Presbyterianism, he 
2 CONT was delivered (June 1647) to the English Parliament. Later he escaped to 
2 CONT the Isle of Wight but was imprisoned there. By this time a serious 
2 CONT division had occurred between Parliament and the army. Oliver Cromwell and 
2 CONT his supporters, the Independents, compelled Parliament to pass an act of 
2 CONT treason against further negotiation with the king. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Eventually, the moderate Parliamentarians were forcibly ejected by the 
2 CONT Independents, and the remaining legislators, who formed the so-called Rump 
2 CONT Parliament, appointed a court to try the king. On January 20, 1649, the 
2 CONT trial began in Westminster Hall. Charles denied the legality of the court 
2 CONT and refused to plead. On January 27 he was sentenced to death as a tyrant, 
2 CONT murderer, and enemy of the nation. Scotland protested, the royal family 
2 CONT entreated, and France and the Netherlands interceded, in vain. He was 
2 CONT beheaded at Whitehall, London, on January 30, 1649. Subsequently Oliver 
2 CONT Cromwell became chairman of the council of state, a parliamentary agency 
2 CONT that governed England as a republic.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I955@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Bohemia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1596
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1632
1 FAMS @F456@
1 NOTE Also Elector of Palestine.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I956@ INDI
1 NAME Jane /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1541
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1561
1 FAMC @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I957@ INDI
1 NAME Henry Frederick //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1594
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1613
1 FAMC @F455@
0 @I958@ INDI
1 NAME Charles II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1630
2 PLAC St. James Palace, London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 FEB 1685
2 PLAC Whitehall Palace, England
1 BURI
2 PLAC Westminster Abbey, London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1660/1685
1 FAMC @F733@
1 FAMS @F1899@
1 FAMS @F4574@
1 FAMS @F4575@
1 FAMS @F4576@
1 FAMS @F4578@
1 FAMS @F4579@
1 NOTE Charles II (of England) (1630-85), king of England, Scotland, and Ireland 
2 CONT (1660-85), whose reign marked a period of relative stability after the 
2 CONT upheaval of the English Revolution. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charles was born in London on May 29, 1630. He was the second, but eldest 
2 CONT surviving, son of King Charles I and was prince of Wales from birth. He 
2 CONT took his seat in the House of Lords in 1641 and held a nominal military 
2 CONT command in the early campaigns of the first civil war of the English 
2 CONT Revolution. He later fled from England and went into exile at The Hague, 
2 CONT the Netherlands, from where he made two attempts to save his father. On 
2 CONT the execution of Charles I in 1649, Charles II assumed the title of king 
2 CONT and was so proclaimed in Scotland and sections of Ireland, and in England, 
2 CONT then ruled by Oliver Cromwell. After an acknowledgment of the faults of 
2 CONT his father, Charles accepted the Scottish crown on January 1, 1651, at 
2 CONT Scone from the Scottish noble Archibald Campbell, 8th earl of Argyll. He 
2 CONT invaded England the following August with 10,000 men and was proclaimed 
2 CONT king at Carlisle and other places along his route. His army, however, was 
2 CONT routed by Cromwell at Worcester on September 3, 1651. After this battle 
2 CONT Charles fled to France. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT He spent eight years in poverty and dissipation while in exile on the 
2 CONT Continent. In 1658, following the death of Cromwell and the succession of 
2 CONT his son, Richard, as Lord Protector, the demand for the restoration of 
2 CONT royalty increased. In February 1660, General George Monck led an army into 
2 CONT London and forced the Rump Parliament to dissolve. In April, in the 
2 CONT Declaration of Breda, Charles announced his intention to accept a 
2 CONT parliamentary government and to grant amnesty to his political opponents. 
2 CONT A new Parliament requested Charles to return and proclaimed him king on 
2 CONT May 8, 1660. He landed at Dover on May 26 and was welcomed at Whitehall by 
2 CONT Parliament three days later. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Charles was crowned on April 23, 1661. Noted for subservience and 
2 CONT insistence on royal prerogative, his first Parliament was overwhelmingly 
2 CONT Royalist and gave him free rein. Edward Hyde, 1st earl of Clarendon, his 
2 CONT companion in exile, was appointed chief minister. Clarendon restored the 
2 CONT supremacy of the Church of England, and English and Scottish 
2 CONT Nonconformists and Presbyterians were persecuted contrary to the 
2 CONT Declaration of Breda. Extravagant and always in want of money, Charles 
2 CONT assented to the abolition of the feudal rights of knight service, 
2 CONT wardship, and purveyance in consideration of a large annuity that, 
2 CONT however, was never fully paid. On May 20, 1662, he married the Portuguese 
2 CONT princess Catherine of Braganza (1638-1705) for her large dowry. The 
2 CONT failure of Parliament to produce the amount agreed on and the chronic 
2 CONT mismanagement of the English finances brought the king to a desperate need 
2 CONT of money. In return for subsidies from Louis XIV of France, Charles formed 
2 CONT a secret alliance with that country; in 1672 that alliance plunged England 
2 CONT into a war with the Netherlands. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The war was popular. Commercial and colonial rivalry had already brought 
2 CONT about two wars between the two countries, the last one occurring between 
2 CONT 1665 and 1667. The Dutch War of 1672 resulted in the English acquisition 
2 CONT of the Dutch colony of New Netherland (now New York). Knowledge of his 
2 CONT negotiations with France, together with his efforts to become an absolute 
2 CONT ruler, brought Charles into conflict with Parliament, which, buoyed by 
2 CONT French subsidies, he dissolved in 1681. The struggle was heightened by 
2 CONT enactment of the anti-Catholic Test Acts and by the so-called popish plot 
2 CONT fabricated by Titus Oates. From 1681 until his death on February 6, 1685, 
2 CONT Charles ruled without Parliament. Although a member of the Anglican 
2 CONT church, Charles received the last rites of the Roman Catholic church. He 
2 CONT was succeeded by his brother James II.
0 @I959@ INDI
1 NAME James II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1633
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 SEP 1701
2 PLAC Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1685/1688
1 FAMC @F733@
1 FAMS @F458@
1 FAMS @F460@
1 FAMS @F4639@
1 NOTE James II (of Great Britain) (1633-1701), king of England, Scotland, and 
2 CONT Ireland (1685-88). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT James was born on October 14, 1633, in London, the second surviving son of 
2 CONT King Charles I and his consort, Henrietta Maria. He was created duke of 
2 CONT York and Albany in 1634. After the execution of his father, he was taken 
2 CONT to the Continent, and in 1657 he entered the Spanish service in the war 
2 CONT against England. At the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, his brother 
2 CONT became king as Charles II, and James was made lord high admiral of 
2 CONT England. In the same year he married Anne Hyde (1637-71), daughter of 
2 CONT Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon. In 1672 James made a public profession of 
2 CONT his conversion to the Roman Catholic faith. The following year the English 
2 CONT Parliament passed the first of the Test Acts disqualifying Catholics from 
2 CONT holding office, and James resigned as lord high admiral. Shortly after, he 
2 CONT married Mary Beatrice of Modena (1658-1718), a Roman Catholic. In 1679 the 
2 CONT House of Commons unsuccessfully attempted to bar James from the throne. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT On the death of Charles in 1685, James became king. In the same year he 
2 CONT crushed a revolt in England by his nephew, James Scott, duke of Monmouth, 
2 CONT and another in Scotland led by Archibald Campbell, earl of Argyll. James 
2 CONT alienated many supporters by his severe reprisals, especially by a series 
2 CONT of repressive trials, the Bloody Assizes. James attempted to win the 
2 CONT support of the Dissenters and the Roman Catholics in 1687 by ending 
2 CONT religious restrictions, but instead increased the religious tensions. The 
2 CONT birth of his son, James Francis Edward Stuart, on June 10, 1688, seemed to 
2 CONT ensure a Roman Catholic succession. The opposition leaders soon thereafter 
2 CONT invited James's son-in-law, William of Orange, later William III, to take 
2 CONT the English throne, thus touching off the Glorious Revolution. William 
2 CONT landed in England in November 1688 and marched on London. He was hailed as 
2 CONT a deliverer, and James, deserted by his troops, fled to France, where he 
2 CONT was aided by King Louis XIV. In 1690, with a small body of French troops, 
2 CONT James landed in Ireland in an attempt to regain his throne. He was 
2 CONT defeated in battle at the Boyne and returned to France, where he remained 
2 CONT in Saint-Germain-en-Laye until his death on September 16, 1701.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I960@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /HYDE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1637
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1671
1 FAMC @F459@
1 FAMS @F458@
0 @I961@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /HYDE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Clarendon
1 FAMS @F459@
0 @I962@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Beatrice //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Modena
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1658
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1718
1 FAMC @F4640@
1 FAMS @F460@
0 @I963@ INDI
1 NAME James Francis Edward /STUART/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JUN 1688
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1766
2 PLAC Rome, Italy
1 FAMC @F460@
1 FAMS @F4641@
1 NOTE He was frequently called James Edward Stuart.  He was a pretender to the 
2 CONT throne, also called James III, the Old Pretender, and the Chevalier de 
2 CONT Saint George; for more than half a century he was regarded by his Jacobite 
2 CONT followers as the rightful king of Great Britain. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT When his father, King James II, was driven from England by the so-called 
2 CONT Glorious Revolution later the same year, James Edward was taken to the 
2 CONT French court at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. In 1701, on the death of James II, 
2 CONT Louis XIV of France proclaimed the young prince the rightful successor to 
2 CONT the English throne. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT English sentiment was strongly against James Edward, however, because of 
2 CONT his Roman Catholicism. That same year the English Parliament, to prevent 
2 CONT the return of a Roman Catholic to the throne, passed the Act of 
2 CONT Settlement, and the following year it enacted a bill of attainder against 
2 CONT James Edward. In 1708, supported by the French and by a group of his 
2 CONT adherents known as Jacobites, James Edward attempted unsuccessfully to 
2 CONT invade Scotland and was driven back to France. In 1715 a rebellion was 
2 CONT launched by the Jacobites in Scotland and in December of that year James 
2 CONT Edward went to Scotland, where he was to be crowned. The movement failed, 
2 CONT however, in the face of superior forces under John Campbell, 2d duke of 
2 CONT Argyll, and James Edward again retired to France. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After 1719 James Edward lived in Rome, where he was given royal honors. 
2 CONT The struggle on behalf of the Stuart cause was renewed by his older son, 
2 CONT Charles Edward Stuart. James Edward's younger son, Henry Benedict Stuart, 
2 CONT Cardinal York, became the last of the Stuarts in the male line of 
2 CONT succession after his brother's death, and called himself Henry IX.
0 @I964@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1631
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1660
1 FAMC @F733@
1 FAMS @F461@
0 @I965@ INDI
1 NAME William III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1650
2 PLAC The Hague, Holland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 MAR 1702
1 FAMC @F461@
1 FAMS @F462@
1 NOTE He was called William of Orange.  He was also a stadtholder of the 
2 CONT Netherlands (1672-1702), who helped form the Grand Alliance and led 
2 CONT England in its so-called Glorious Revolution. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1672, after the invasion of the Netherlands by the French king Louis 
2 CONT XIV, the leadership of Jan De Witt, grand pensionary of Holland, was 
2 CONT repudiated, and William was elected stadtholder, captain-general, and 
2 CONT admiral. William fought the French with great resolution, even cutting 
2 CONT (1673) dikes around Amsterdam to flood the surrounding countryside and 
2 CONT halt the advancing French armies. The Dutch suffered severe reverses in 
2 CONT subsequent battles. As a result of William's superior diplomacy, however, 
2 CONT which also included the strengthening of ties with England by his marriage 
2 CONT (1677) to the English princess Mary (eldest daughter of his uncle, James, 
2 CONT duke of York, later King James II), Louis XIV agreed to terminate the war 
2 CONT on terms favorable to the Dutch. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After the accession (1685) of James II there was fear in England that the 
2 CONT king's policies were directed toward restoring the power of the Roman 
2 CONT Catholic church. In July 1688, James's principal opponents secretly 
2 CONT invited William, who was Europe's leading Protestant statesman, to bring 
2 CONT an army of liberation to England. William and a force totaling about 
2 CONT 15,000 men landed at Torbay on November 5, 1688. Most of the English 
2 CONT nobility declared for William, and James fled to France. William accepted 
2 CONT the Declaration of Rights passed by the Convention Parliament, which met 
2 CONT on January 22, 1689, and on February 13, William and Mary were proclaimed 
2 CONT joint sovereigns of England. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Shortly after the conclusion of this Glorious Revolution, the Scottish 
2 CONT parliament accepted the new rulers. Predominantly Catholic Ireland, 
2 CONT however, remained loyal to the deposed king and had to be taken by force. 
2 CONT In 1690 William led the army that defeated James and his Irish partisans 
2 CONT at the Battle of the Boyne. William's reign continued to be marked by 
2 CONT abortive Jacobite plots to restore James to the throne. After the death of 
2 CONT Mary in 1694, William ruled alone. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1689, in pursuit of containing France, William had brought England into 
2 CONT the League of Augsburg, thereafter known as the Grand Alliance. For the 
2 CONT next eight years he was embroiled in wars on the Continent. He managed by 
2 CONT skillful diplomacy to hold the alliance together and, under the terms of 
2 CONT the Peace of Ryswick, Louis XIV of France surrendered (1697) much of the 
2 CONT territory he had won and recognized William as England's rightful king.
2 CONT   
2 CONT At home William manifested virtually none of the acumen he displayed in 
2 CONT foreign affairs. Although he was liberal in some things, it was not he but 
2 CONT Parliament, to which he was often opposed, that brought about the reforms 
2 CONT effected during his reign, such as the passing of the Bill of Rights, the 
2 CONT establishment of the Bank of England, the introduction of ministerial 
2 CONT responsibility in government, and the encouragement of a free press. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1701 William headed the second Grand Alliance, which became involved in 
2 CONT the so-called War of the Spanish Succession. He died before he could take 
2 CONT an active part in the struggle. His wife's sister, Queen Anne, succeeded 
2 CONT to the throne.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I966@ INDI
1 NAME William II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Orange
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1626
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1650
1 FAMS @F461@
0 @I967@ INDI
1 NAME Mary II //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1662
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1694
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1689/1694
1 FAMC @F458@
1 FAMS @F462@
1 NOTE Although her father was a convert to Roman Catholicism, Mary was brought 
2 CONT up as a Protestant and was married at the age of 15 to the Dutch 
2 CONT Protestant prince William of Orange. In 1688, English opponents of James, 
2 CONT unhappy with his autocratic rule and favoritism toward Roman Catholics, 
2 CONT initiated the Glorious Revolution, forcing James into exile and giving the 
2 CONT throne to Mary and William (who became king as William III). They were 
2 CONT crowned as joint rulers in April 1689. Mary governed as regent while 
2 CONT William was campaigning in Ireland (1690-91) and on the Continent 
2 CONT (1692-94), but for the most part she simply carried out policies 
2 CONT formulated by her husband. William continued to rule alone after her 
2 CONT death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I968@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 FEB 1665
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 AUG 1714
2 PLAC London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1702/1714
1 FAMC @F458@
1 FAMS @F463@
1 NOTE Anne (1665-1714), queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1702-14), the last 
2 CONT British sovereign of the house of Stuart. Born in London on February 6, 
2 CONT 1665, she was the second daughter of King James II. Her mother was James's 
2 CONT first wife, Anne Hyde (1637-71). In 1683 she was married to Prince George 
2 CONT of Denmark (1653-1708). Although her father converted to Roman Catholicism 
2 CONT in 1672, Anne remained Protestant and acquiesced in James's overthrow by 
2 CONT the anti-Roman Catholic Glorious Revolution of 1688, which brought her 
2 CONT sister Mary and Mary's husband, William of Orange, to the throne. Becoming 
2 CONT queen on William's death in 1702, Anne restored to favor John Churchill, 
2 CONT who had been disgraced by her predecessor, making him duke of Marlborough 
2 CONT and captain-general of the army. Marlborough won a series of victories 
2 CONT over the French in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14, known in 
2 CONT America as Queen Anne's War), and he and his wife, Sarah (1660-1744), had 
2 CONT great influence over the queen in the early years of her reign. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Devoted to the Church of England, Anne was inclined to favor the 
2 CONT pro-church Tory faction rather than its Whig opponents, but, influenced by 
2 CONT the Marlboroughs and Lord Treasurer Sidney Godolphin, earl of Godolphin 
2 CONT (1645-1712), she at first excluded the Tories from office. Later, however, 
2 CONT her friendship with the Marlboroughs cooled, and in 1710 she took 
2 CONT advantage of popular dissatisfaction with the Whigs to remove Godolphin; 
2 CONT Marlborough was dismissed the following year. During Queen Anne's reign 
2 CONT the kingdoms of England and Scotland were united (1707). She died in 
2 CONT London on August 1, 1714, and, having no surviving children, was succeeded 
2 CONT by her German cousin, George, elector of Hannover, as King George I of 
2 CONT Great Britain.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I969@ INDI
1 NAME George //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1653
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1701
1 FAMC @F1484@
1 FAMS @F463@
0 @I970@ INDI
1 NAME George I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 MAY 1660
2 PLAC Osnabrück, Hanover (now in Lower Saxony, Germany)
1 DEAT
2 DATE 11 JUN 1727
2 PLAC Osnabrück, Hanover  (now in Lower Saxony, Germany)
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1714/1727
1 FAMC @F464@
1 FAMS @F466@
1 NOTE He was also elector of Hanover (1698-1727), and the first of the 
2 CONT Hanoverian line of British rulers.  George succeeded Queen Anne by the 
2 CONT terms of the Act of Settlement. Thoroughly German in tastes and habits, he 
2 CONT never learned the English language, and he made periodic lengthy visits to 
2 CONT Hanover, which always remained his primary concern, despite his dutiful 
2 CONT efforts to attend to his new kingdom's needs. He remained, however, 
2 CONT unpopular in Britain, a fact that contributed to Jacobite plots to replace 
2 CONT him with James II's son, James Edward Stuart, known as the Old Pretender. 
2 CONT George appointed only Whigs as his ministers and advisers, reasoning that 
2 CONT the Tories were favorable to the Stuart cause. He took a keen interest in 
2 CONT foreign affairs, and it was his judgment that made possible the 
2 CONT information in 1717 of the third Triple Alliance with the Netherlands and 
2 CONT France. For domestic policies he relied on his ministers, James Stanhope, 
2 CONT 1st earl Stanhope (1673-1721), Charles Townshend, 2d viscount Townshend of 
2 CONT Raynham, and Robert Walpole. Their sound administrative skills 
2 CONT strengthened the position of the house of Hanover in Great Britain. He was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son, George II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I971@ INDI
1 NAME Ernest Augustus //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Elector of Hannover
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1629
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1698
1 FAMS @F464@
1 NOTE He was also duke of Brunswick.
0 @I972@ INDI
1 NAME Sophia //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1630
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1714
1 FAMC @F456@
1 FAMS @F464@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I973@ INDI
1 NAME Roger II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sicily
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1095
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1154
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1130/1154
1 FAMC @F745@
1 FAMS @F465@
1 NOTE Roger II (1095-1154), first king of Sicily (1130-54), who created a state 
2 CONT in which Arabs, Greeks, Italians, and Jews lived together in peace and in 
2 CONT which the arts and letters flourished. The second son of Roger I, the 
2 CONT Norman conqueror of Sicily, Roger succeeded his brother Simon (died 1105) 
2 CONT as count of Sicily in 1103. When his cousin Duke William of Apulia died in 
2 CONT 1127, Roger laid claim to that duchy; by 1129 he had compelled the Norman 
2 CONT barons on the Italian mainland to acknowledge him as their ruler. In 1130 
2 CONT he adopted the title of king of Sicily, with sovereignty also over the 
2 CONT southern Italian regions of Apulia, Calabria, Capua, and Naples, 
2 CONT establishing a monarchy that survived for more than seven centuries. He 
2 CONT was recognized as king by Pope Innocent II (r. 1130-43) in 1139. Roger 
2 CONT made his court at Palermo one of Europe's foremost cultural centers, and 
2 CONT he erected throughout Sicily numerous buildings that were a striking blend 
2 CONT of Norman, Arabic and Byzantine architectural styles.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I974@ INDI
1 NAME George II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 NOV 1683
2 PLAC Herrenhausen Palace, Hanover (now in Lower Saxony state, Germany)
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 OCT 1760
2 PLAC Kensington Palace, London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1727/1760
1 FAMC @F466@
1 FAMS @F467@
1 NOTE George II (of Great Britain and Ireland) (1683-1760), king of Great 
2 CONT Britain and Ireland (1727-60), and elector of Hanover (1727-60), the son 
2 CONT of King George I. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT George was born at Herrenhausen Palace in Hanover (now in Lower Saxony 
2 CONT state, Germany) on November 10, 1683, and he grew up a German prince. In 
2 CONT 1705 he married Caroline of Ansbach, an intelligent woman who wielded 
2 CONT great influence over her husband and thereby on government. Like his 
2 CONT father, George II was more interested in Hanover than in Great Britain, 
2 CONT and during his many absences from London Caroline frequently acted as 
2 CONT regent. During the war of the Austrian Succession (1740-48), the king 
2 CONT subordinated the interests of Great Britain to those of his German 
2 CONT principality. This policy was unpopular in Great Britain, but the king won 
2 CONT admiration for his courage at the Battle of Dettingen in Bavaria (1743), 
2 CONT the last engagement in which a British monarch participated in person. 
2 CONT George II contributed to the material progress of Great Britain, mainly 
2 CONT because he was shrewd enough to listen to his wife and heed the advice of 
2 CONT his ministers. He retained Sir Robert Walpole as chief minister only upon 
2 CONT Caroline's insistence, and he later relied on Henry Pelham (1696-1754), 
2 CONT and, toward the end of his reign, William Pitt the Elder, although he 
2 CONT originally had a great dislike for him. George's reign was marked by the 
2 CONT suppression of the last major Jacobite rebellion and by the successful 
2 CONT prosecution at Pitt's initiative of the Seven Years' War. He was succeeded 
2 CONT by his grandson George III. George died at Kensington Palace, London, on 
2 CONT October 25, 1760.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I975@ INDI
1 NAME Caroline of Ansbach //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1683
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1737
1 FAMC @F4652@
1 FAMS @F467@
1 NOTE She was the daughter of John Frederick, margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach 
2 CONT (1654-86). In London, Caroline made her home the meeting place of noted 
2 CONT literary figures. She acted as regent on several occasions during absences 
2 CONT of her husband from England and aided the career of the British statesman 
2 CONT Robert Walpole.
0 @I976@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick Louis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1707
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1751
1 FAMC @F467@
1 FAMS @F468@
0 @I977@ INDI
1 NAME George III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 JUN 1738
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 JAN 1820
2 PLAC Windsor Palace, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1760/1820
1 FAMC @F468@
1 FAMS @F469@
1 NOTE He was also king of Ireland (1760-1820).  He presided over the loss of 
2 CONT Britain's American colonies; he was also elector of Hannover (1760-1815) 
2 CONT and, by decision of the Congress of Vienna, king of Hannover (1815-20). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The first of the Hannoverian house to be born and educated as an 
2 CONT Englishman, he was primarily interested in his royal prerogatives as king 
2 CONT of Great Britain in contradistinction to his two predecessors, to whom 
2 CONT Hannover was the main concern. George's aim was to rule as well as reign, 
2 CONT and he was a skillful and astute intriguer; by 1763 he had managed to 
2 CONT regain many of the powers that strong Whig ministries had appropriated 
2 CONT during the reigns of the first two Georges. His problem was that he lacked 
2 CONT the self-confidence and the mature statesmanship to form and achieve any 
2 CONT long-term policy. After the dismissal of several ministers who did not 
2 CONT satisfy him, the king found a firm supporter in Frederick North, 2d earl 
2 CONT of Guilford, prime minister from 1770 to 1782. Lord North executed the 
2 CONT royal policies that provoked the American Revolution. The unsuccessful 
2 CONT conclusion of that protracted conflict forced North to resign, and during 
2 CONT the government crisis that followed when three cabinets came and went in 
2 CONT less than two years the king himself was almost induced to abdicate. He 
2 CONT then took a political gamble by placing the government in the hands of the 
2 CONT 24-year-old William Pitt, thereby restoring stability for the rest of the 
2 CONT century. In line with his belief in royal authority, George favored the 
2 CONT wars with France (1793-1815) that grew out of the French Revolution. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1809 the king became blind. As early as 1765 he had suffered an 
2 CONT apparent dementia, and in 1788 his derangement recurred to such a degree 
2 CONT that a regency bill was passed, but the king recovered the following year. 
2 CONT It is now thought likely that he had inherited porphyria, a defect of the 
2 CONT metabolism that may in time lead to delirium. In 1811 he succumbed 
2 CONT hopelessly, and his son, later George IV, acted as regent for the rest of 
2 CONT his reign. George III died at Windsor Palace on January 29, 1820.
0 @I978@ INDI
1 NAME George IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 AUG 1762
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 JUN 1830
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1820/1830
1 FAMC @F469@
1 FAMS @F471@
1 FAMS @F470@
1 NOTE George IV (1762-1830), king of Great Britain and Ireland (1820-30), and 
2 CONT king of Hannover (1820-30). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT George was born in London on August 12, 1762, the eldest son of King 
2 CONT George III. As prince of Wales, he became notorious for his profligacy and 
2 CONT extravagance. Despite his father's strongly anti-Catholic views, he 
2 CONT secretly married a Roman Catholic, Mrs. Maria Anne Fitzherbert 
2 CONT (1756-1837), in 1785; less than two years later, to obtain money for his 
2 CONT debts, he allowed Parliament to declare the marriage illegal, which in 
2 CONT fact it was by the terms of acts governing royal marriages and succession. 
2 CONT In 1795, again to liquidate his debts, he agreed to a marriage with his 
2 CONT cousin, Caroline of Brunswick, but he became estranged from her in 1796 
2 CONT after the birth of their daughter, Princess Charlotte (1796-1817). His 
2 CONT misconduct alienated the British people, and when he tried to divorce 
2 CONT Caroline, charging her with adultery, she was so enthusiastically 
2 CONT supported by the London crowds that her trial had to be abandoned. His 
2 CONT cleverness and gracious manners, however, gave him the name of first 
2 CONT gentleman of Europe. George became prince regent in 1811, when his father 
2 CONT became mentally unable to discharge his duties, and succeeded to the 
2 CONT throne in 1820. The outstanding act of his reign was the Catholic 
2 CONT Emancipation Act, which the king opposed. George IV died at Windsor Palace 
2 CONT on June 26, 1830, and was succeeded by his brother William IV.
0 @I979@ INDI
1 NAME Maria Anne /FITZHERBERT/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1756
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1837
1 FAMC @F4697@
1 FAMS @F470@
0 @I980@ INDI
1 NAME Caroline //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Brunswick
1 FAMC @F4690@
1 FAMS @F471@
0 @I981@ INDI
1 NAME Charlotte Augusta /HANOVER/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 JAN 1796
2 PLAC Carlton House
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 NOV 1817
2 PLAC Claremont House, Esher, Surrey, England
1 BURI
2 PLAC St George Chapel, Windsor, England
1 FAMC @F471@
1 FAMS @F3475@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I982@ INDI
1 NAME William IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1765
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1837
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1830/1837
1 FAMC @F469@
1 FAMS @F473@
1 FAMS @F472@
1 NOTE He was also king of Hannover & Ireland (1830-37), during whose reign the 
2 CONT first Reform Bill was passed. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT William entered the British navy in 1779, remaining in its service until 
2 CONT 1787. He Was made duke of Clarence in 1789. About 1791 he formed a liaison 
2 CONT with the Irish actor Dorothea Jordon, by whom he subsequently had ten 
2 CONT children. In 1818, after he unexpectedly came into the line of succession 
2 CONT to the throne, he married a German princess, Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, 
2 CONT by whom he had two daughters, both of whom died in infancy. He became king 
2 CONT in 1830, succeeding his brother. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Warmhearted and well intentioned but rather eccentric, William had 
2 CONT virtually no political judgment. The major event of his reign was the 
2 CONT passage of the Reform Bill of 1832, which he was persuaded to support by 
2 CONT his prime minister, Charles Grey, 2d Earl Grey; it was enacted after 
2 CONT William finally agreed to create, if necessary, a sufficient number of new 
2 CONT peers to overcome the majority opposed to the bill in the House of Lords. 
2 CONT The abolition of colonial slavery (1833), the reform of the poor laws 
2 CONT (1834), and the Municipal Reform Act (1835) followed the 1832 reform of 
2 CONT Parliament. William was the last British ruler to try to force 
2 CONT parliamentary acceptance of an unpopular ministry, namely the one headed 
2 CONT by Sir Robert Peel in 1834-35. William was succeeded to the British throne 
2 CONT by his niece Victoria. The throne of Hannover was inherited by his brother 
2 CONT Ernest Augustus.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I983@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthea /BLAND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1762
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1816
1 FAMC @F4628@
1 FAMS @F4629@
1 FAMS @F472@
0 @I984@ INDI
1 NAME Adelaide //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Saxe-Meiningen
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1792
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1849
1 FAMS @F473@
0 @I985@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /HANOVER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Kent & Strathearn
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1820
1 FAMC @F469@
1 FAMS @F474@
0 @I986@ INDI
1 NAME Victoria //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 MAY 1819
2 PLAC Kesington Palace, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 JAN 1901
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1837/1901
1 FAMC @F474@
1 FAMS @F475@
1 NOTE Victoria (queen), (1819-1901), queen of the United Kingdom of Great 
2 CONT Britain and Ireland (1837-1901) and empress of India (1876-1901). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Born Alexandrina Victoria on May 24, 1819, in Kensington Palace, London, 
2 CONT Victoria was the daughter of Victoria Mary Louisa (1786-1861), daughter of 
2 CONT the duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; her father was Edward Augustus 
2 CONT (1767-1820), duke of Kent and Strathern, the fourth son of George III and 
2 CONT youngest brother of George IV and William IV, kings of Great Britain. 
2 CONT Because William IV had no legitimate children, his niece Victoria became 
2 CONT heir apparent to the British crown upon his accession in 1830. On June 20, 
2 CONT 1837, with the death of William IV, she became queen at the age of 18. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Early in her reign Victoria developed a serious concern with affairs of 
2 CONT state, guided by her first prime minister, William Lamb, 2d Viscount 
2 CONT Melbourne. Melbourne was leader of that wing of the Whig party that later 
2 CONT became known as the Liberal party. He exercised a strongly progressive 
2 CONT influence on the political thinking of the queen. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Marriage
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1840 Victoria was married to her first cousin, Albert, prince of 
2 CONT Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, whom she had known for about four years. Although this 
2 CONT was a marriage of state, it was a highly romantic and successful one, and 
2 CONT Victoria was devoted to her domestic responsibilities. The first of their 
2 CONT nine children was Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (1840-1901), later empress 
2 CONT of Germany. Their first son, Albert Edward, prince of Wales and later king 
2 CONT of Great Britain as Edward VII, was born in 1841. When the conservative 
2 CONT Prince Albert convinced her that Liberal policy jeopardized the future of 
2 CONT the Crown, the queen began to lose her enthusiasm for the party. After 
2 CONT 1841, when the Melbourne government fell and Sir Robert Peel became prime 
2 CONT minister, Victoria was an ardent supporter of the Conservative party. Also 
2 CONT under Albert's influence, she began to question the tradition that 
2 CONT restricted the British sovereign to an advisory role. In 1850 she 
2 CONT challenged the authority of Henry John Temple, 3d Viscount Palmerston, 
2 CONT foreign secretary in the Whig government that had been in power since 
2 CONT 1846. Her position was that the sovereign should at least be consulted on 
2 CONT foreign policy. Palmerston, independent and self-assertive, ignored the 
2 CONT request. Their struggle reached a climax in 1851, when the prime minister, 
2 CONT Lord John Russell, who was also displeased with Palmerston's arbitrary 
2 CONT methods, dismissed him from the foreign office. Their altercations with 
2 CONT Palmerston, one of the most popular political leaders in the country, 
2 CONT caused Victoria and Albert to lose some of the esteem of their subjects. 
2 CONT Their popularity dwindled even more in 1854, when they tried to avert the 
2 CONT Crimean War. After the war had begun, however, they gave it their 
2 CONT wholehearted support. In 1856, shortly before the end of the war, the 
2 CONT queen instituted the Victoria Cross, the highest British award for wartime 
2 CONT valor. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1857, Victoria had the title of prince consort bestowed on Albert. Four 
2 CONT years later he died, and she remained in virtual mourning for much of the 
2 CONT rest of her life. She avoided public appearances, letting the prince of 
2 CONT Wales fulfill most of the royal ceremonial duties. Her detailed personal 
2 CONT interest in the affairs of state continued, however. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Reign After 1861
2 CONT 
2 CONT Several prime ministers served during the latter part of Victoria's reign, 
2 CONT but only the Conservative party leader Benjamin Disraeli, who held office 
2 CONT in 1868 and from 1874 to 1880, gained her confidence. He ingratiated 
2 CONT himself with the queen by a cultivated personal approach and flattering 
2 CONT gifts. He also allowed her a free hand in the awarding of church, 
2 CONT military, and some political appointments. She fully endorsed his policy 
2 CONT of strengthening and extending the British Empire, and in 1876 Disraeli 
2 CONT secured for her the title of empress of India. She rarely agreed with the 
2 CONT brilliant leader of the Liberal party, William E. Gladstone, who served as 
2 CONT prime minister four times between 1868 and 1894. Victoria disapproved of 
2 CONT the democratic reforms he enunciated, such as abolishing the purchase of 
2 CONT military commissions and legalizing trade unions, and his powerful 
2 CONT intellectualized method of argument. She was also strongly opposed to his 
2 CONT policy of home rule for Ireland. The Conservative leader Robert Arthur 
2 CONT Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3d Marquess of Salisbury, who served as prime 
2 CONT minister three times between 1885 and 1902, more often found favor with 
2 CONT the queen. Like Disraeli, he advocated protecting British interests and 
2 CONT increasing British influence abroad. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT British Idol
2 CONT 
2 CONT Victoria's popularity reached its height in the last two decades of her 
2 CONT reign, and it was shared by all classes in British society. Her golden 
2 CONT jubilee in 1887 and her diamond jubilee in 1897 were occasions for great 
2 CONT public rejoicing. Her subjects were then enjoying an unprecedented period 
2 CONT of prosperous complacency, and her enthusiastic execution of the Boer War 
2 CONT increased her appeal at home and abroad. Victoria died on January 22, 
2 CONT 1901. Her 63-year reign was the longest in the history of England. Her 
2 CONT descendants, including 40 grandchildren, married into almost every royal 
2 CONT family of Europe. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT With her personal example of honesty, patriotism, and devotion to family 
2 CONT life, Victoria became a living symbol of the solidity of the British 
2 CONT Empire. The many years of her reign, often referred to as the Victorian 
2 CONT age, witnessed the rise of the middle class and were marked by a deeply 
2 CONT conservative morality and intense nationalism. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Victoria's correspondence was published in three series, Letters, 1837-61 
2 CONT (3 vol., 1907), Letters, 1862-85 (3 vol., 1926), and Letters, 1886-1901 (3 
2 CONT vol., 1930-32).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I987@ INDI
1 NAME Victoria Mary Louisa //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 AUG 1786
2 PLAC Coburg
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 MAR 1861
2 PLAC Frogmore House, Windsor, England
1 FAMC @F3474@
1 FAMS @F4717@
1 FAMS @F474@
0 @I988@ INDI
1 NAME Albert Francis Charles Augustus Emmanuel //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1819
2 PLAC Coburg, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 DEC 1861
1 FAMC @F476@
1 FAMS @F475@
1 NOTE Albert (prince consort), full name Albert Francis Charles Augustus 
2 CONT Emmanuel of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1819-61), prince consort to Queen Victoria 
2 CONT of England. He was born near Coburg, Germany, a younger son of Ernest I 
2 CONT (1784-1844), duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. In 1840 he married Victoria, who 
2 CONT had been queen for three years, and he soon became her most trusted 
2 CONT adviser. In this role he exerted enormous influence on policies and 
2 CONT events, in international as well as national matters. He was an active and 
2 CONT effective patron of the arts and sciences, organizing such enterprises as 
2 CONT the epochal Great Exhibition of 1851 to stimulate the growth of British 
2 CONT commerce, industry, and national pride. Although regarded by many Britons 
2 CONT as a meddling foreigner, Albert succeeded in strengthening the monarchy 
2 CONT and in encouraging social progress. Overburdened with work, he succumbed 
2 CONT to typhoid fever at the age of 42.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I989@ INDI
1 NAME Victoria Adelaide Mary Louis /WINDSOR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1840
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1901
1 FAMC @F475@
0 @I990@ INDI
1 NAME Edward VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1841
2 PLAC Buckingham Palace, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 MAY 1910
2 PLAC Buckingham Palace, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1901/1910
1 FAMC @F475@
1 FAMS @F477@
1 NOTE The Edwardian period is named after him. He was christened Albert Edward. 
2 CONT He studied at the universities of Edinburgh, Oxford, and Cambridge. In 
2 CONT 1860 he visited Canada, inaugurating the custom of goodwill visits by 
2 CONT members of the British royal family, particularly the prince of Wales, to 
2 CONT British dominions and foreign countries. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The prince and his wife then assumed much of the burden of court 
2 CONT ceremonials and public functions, which Queen Victoria had laid aside on 
2 CONT going into virtual retirement after the death of the prince consort in 
2 CONT 1861. Edward traveled extensively. In Russia and France, particularly, he 
2 CONT made valuable personal contacts in political and social circles. At home, 
2 CONT his popularity was increased both as prince of Wales and as king by his 
2 CONT interest in sports, notably yachting and horse racing; his horses won the 
2 CONT Derby in 1896, 1900, and 1909 and the Grand National at Liverpool in 1900. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Edward succeeded to the throne in 1901. From the beginning of his reign he 
2 CONT adopted a policy of promoting international amity in Europe, where 
2 CONT political tension had been mounting. His visits to various European 
2 CONT capitals from 1901 to 1904 and return visits to him by European rulers 
2 CONT helped promote the signing of arbitration treaties in 1903-4 between Great 
2 CONT Britain and France, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Portugal. He was also an 
2 CONT important force behind two agreements that strengthened the position of 
2 CONT Great Britain on the Continent, the Entente Cordiale of 1904 between 
2 CONT France and Great Britain, and a pact between Russia and Great Britain in 
2 CONT 1907. In 1909 the king and queen paid a diplomatic visit to Emperor 
2 CONT William II of Germany (Edward's nephew) that temporarily dispelled German 
2 CONT suspicion that the increasingly friendly relations between Great Britain 
2 CONT and France and Russia were aimed at weakening Germany. Because of his 
2 CONT efforts to increase international amity the king became known as Edward 
2 CONT the Peacemaker.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I991@ INDI
1 NAME Ernest I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1784
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1844
1 FAMS @F476@
0 @I992@ INDI
1 NAME Alexandra //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1844
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1925
1 FAMC @F478@
1 FAMS @F477@
0 @I993@ INDI
1 NAME Christian IX //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1863
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1906
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1863/1906
1 FAMC @F4737@
1 FAMS @F478@
1 NOTE Christian IX (1818-1906), king of Denmark (1863-1906), a direct descendant 
2 CONT of Christian III through the Glücksburg line. In 1852, with the consent of 
2 CONT the reigning Frederick VII, a council of the great powers recognized 
2 CONT Christian as heir apparent to the Danish throne. On the death of Frederick 
2 CONT in 1863, Christian became king. The following year, after a war with 
2 CONT Prussia and Austria, Denmark was forced to renounce its claims to 
2 CONT Schleswig-Holstein by the Treaty of Vienna. In domestic affairs, Christian 
2 CONT IX's reign was marked by a struggle between liberal and conservative 
2 CONT elements for control of the Folketing, the lower house of the Danish 
2 CONT Rigsdag, the legislature. Christian sided with the conservatives, but when 
2 CONT the liberals gained control of the Folketing, he consented to the 
2 CONT formation of a liberal ministry. By his wife, Louise, princess of 
2 CONT Hesse-Cassel (1817-98), he had six children. Of these, his eldest son 
2 CONT succeeded him as Frederick VIII; his daughter Alexandra (1844-1925) 
2 CONT married the prince of Wales, later King Edward VII of Great Britain and 
2 CONT Ireland; another daughter, Dagmar (1847-1928), married Grand Duke 
2 CONT Alexander of Russia, later Czar Alexander III; and a younger son, George, 
2 CONT became George I, king of Greece. Christian was sometimes called the 
2 CONT Grandfather of Europe.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I994@ INDI
1 NAME Albert Victor /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Clarence
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1864
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1892
1 FAMC @F477@
0 @I995@ INDI
1 NAME George V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 JUN 1865
2 PLAC London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 JAN 1936
2 PLAC Sandringham House, Norfolk
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1910/1936
1 FAMC @F477@
1 FAMS @F480@
1 NOTE George V (1865-1936), king of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and 
2 CONT emperor of India (1910-36), of the house of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (later 
2 CONT changed to Windsor). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT George was born in London on June 3, 1865, the second son of Edward VII. 
2 CONT He was known as the Sailor Prince; he entered the Royal Navy in 1877 and, 
2 CONT after an active naval career and successive promotions, rose to the rank 
2 CONT of vice admiral in 1903. The death of his elder brother, Albert Victor, 
2 CONT duke of Clarence and Avondale (1864-92), made George second in line to the 
2 CONT succession. He married his brother's fiancée, Princess Victoria Mary of 
2 CONT Teck, later Mary, queen consort of England, and was created duke of York 
2 CONT in 1892. After his father succeeded Queen Victoria on the throne in 1901, 
2 CONT George became prince of Wales. Six children were born to George and Mary: 
2 CONT Edward Albert, later Edward VIII; Albert Frederick George, later George 
2 CONT VI; Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary (1897-1965); Henry William Frederick 
2 CONT Albert, duke of Gloucester (1900-74); George Edward Alexander Edmund, duke 
2 CONT of Kent (1902-42); and John Charles Francis (1905-19). 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The outstanding event of the reign of George V was World War I. Following 
2 CONT England's declaration of war on Germany, the king renounced all the German 
2 CONT titles belonging to him and his family and changed the name of the royal 
2 CONT house to Windsor. He died at Sandringham House, Norfolk, on January 20, 
2 CONT 1936.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I996@ INDI
1 NAME Maude Charlotte Mary Victoria /WINDSOR/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1869
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1938
1 FAMC @F477@
1 FAMS @F479@
0 @I997@ INDI
1 NAME Hĺkon VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1872
2 PLAC Charlottenlund, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1957
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1900/1957
1 FAMC @F509@
1 FAMS @F479@
1 NOTE 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Hĺkon VII (1872-1957), king of Norway (1905-57), the second son of 
2 CONT Frederick VIII, king of Denmark, born in Charlottenlund, Denmark. 
2 CONT Originally named Carl, the Danish prince was chosen king of Norway by the 
2 CONT Storting, or parliament, a choice reaffirmed by a plebiscite. The 
2 CONT Norwegian throne had become vacant when the union between Norway and 
2 CONT Sweden was dissolved; the Swedish throne was retained by Oscar II, king of 
2 CONT Sweden. During World War II, after the Germans invaded Norway in 1940, 
2 CONT Hĺkon led the resistance for two months, then went to Great Britain to 
2 CONT head the Norwegian government-in-exile. He returned to Norway in 1945. He 
2 CONT was succeeded by his son Olaf V.
0 @I998@ INDI
1 NAME Edward VIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Great Britain & N. Ireland, Emp of India
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 JUN 1894
2 PLAC White Lodge, Richmond Park
1 DEAT
2 DATE 28 MAY 1972
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1936
1 FAMC @F480@
1 FAMS @F481@
1 NOTE Edward VIII (1894-1972), king of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and 
2 CONT emperor of India (January 20-December 11, 1936), later known as the duke 
2 CONT of Windsor. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Edward was born June 23, 1894, in White Lodge, Richmond Park, and was 
2 CONT educated at the naval preparatory college at Osborne; the Royal Naval 
2 CONT College, Dartmouth; and Magdalen College, University of Oxford. During 
2 CONT World War I he served with the Grenadier Guards in France, Italy, 
2 CONT Flanders, and Egypt. In 1919 he undertook the first of many official 
2 CONT goodwill tours to Canada and other countries. In the 1920s and 1930s he 
2 CONT supported slum-clearance projects, aid to the unemployed, and improvement 
2 CONT of the working conditions of British miners. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Reign
2 CONT 
2 CONT On the death of his father, King George V, in January 1936, Edward was 
2 CONT proclaimed King Edward VIII. Before long, rumors circulated about his 
2 CONT alleged romance with an American, Mrs. Wallis Warfield Simpson 
2 CONT (1896-1986), then married to her second husband, a London shipping broker. 
2 CONT On October 20, 1936, Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin counseled Edward, as 
2 CONT king and head of the Church of England, to remove all cause for the 
2 CONT rumors. A week later Mrs. Simpson was granted a divorce, to become final 
2 CONT in six months. In November the king confided to Baldwin that he intended 
2 CONT to marry Mrs. Simpson even if it meant his abdication. A morganatic 
2 CONT marriage was proposed, but the cabinet was unwilling to accept this 
2 CONT compromise. On December 11, 1936, therefore, the king abdicated in favor 
2 CONT of his brother, the duke of York, who became King George VI. Edward 
2 CONT received the title duke of Windsor and married Mrs. Simpson in June 1937. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Duke of Windsor
2 CONT     
2 CONT Because his wife was not accorded the privileges of a royal duchess in 
2 CONT England, the duke of Windsor resided abroad. In 1937 he observed social 
2 CONT and housing conditions in Germany and visited Adolf Hitler. During World 
2 CONT War II he served as a major general in the British Expeditionary Force, 
2 CONT and he was governor of the Bahama Islands from 1940 to 1945. After the war 
2 CONT he lived as a private British citizen, chiefly in the United States and 
2 CONT France. At the funeral of George VI in February 1952, he took part in a 
2 CONT British royal ceremony for the first time since his abdication. The duke 
2 CONT wrote A King's Story (1951) which was made into a film in 1967, and 
2 CONT Windsor Revisited (1960). He died May 28, 1972, in Paris.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I999@ INDI
1 NAME George VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 DEC 1895
2 PLAC Sandringham, Norfolk, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 FEB 1952
2 PLAC Sandringham, Norfolk, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1936/1952
1 FAMC @F480@
1 FAMS @F482@
1 NOTE George VI (1895-1952), king of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 
2 CONT (1936-52), and emperor of India (1936-47), of the house of Windsor. George 
2 CONT was born in Sandringham, Norfolk, on December 14, 1895, the second son of 
2 CONT King George V, and he was educated at Trinity College, University of 
2 CONT Cambridge, and the Royal Naval College on the Isle of Wight. In 1923 he 
2 CONT married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (1900- ), and they had two daughters: 
2 CONT Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, later Queen Elizabeth II, and Margaret Rose. 
2 CONT George succeeded to the throne after the abdication of his older brother, 
2 CONT Edward VIII. Following his coronation in 1937, King George, accompanied by 
2 CONT the queen consort, began a series of state goodwill visits, traveling to 
2 CONT France in 1937 and to Canada and the United States in 1939. These visits 
2 CONT were interrupted by World War II, during which the king visited many 
2 CONT fronts in Europe, but were resumed in 1947, when the royal family spent 
2 CONT several months in South Africa. In the last three years of his life, 
2 CONT illness prevented any further trips. The reign of George VI was marked by 
2 CONT the relinquishment of the title of emperor of India, following the 
2 CONT partition of India in 1947 into Pakistan and India. He died at Sandringham 
2 CONT on February 6, 1952, and was succeeded by Elizabeth II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1000@ INDI
1 NAME Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary /WINDSOR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F480@
0 @I1001@ INDI
1 NAME Henry William Frederick Albert /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Gloucester
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1900
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1974
1 FAMC @F480@
0 @I1002@ INDI
1 NAME George Edward Alexander Edmund /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Kent
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1902
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1942
1 FAMC @F480@
0 @I1003@ INDI
1 NAME John Charles Francis /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1905
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1919
1 FAMC @F480@
0 @I1004@ INDI
1 NAME Bessiewallis /WARFIELD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1896
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1986
1 FAMS @F3868@
1 FAMS @F481@
0 @I1005@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth Angela Marguerite /BOWES-LYON/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Lady
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 AUG 1900
2 PLAC London, England
1 CHR
2 DATE 23 SEP 1900
1 FAMC @F2938@
1 FAMS @F482@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1006@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth II Alexandra Marie //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 APR 1926
2 PLAC 17 Bruton St., London, W1, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1952
1 FAMC @F482@
1 FAMS @F483@
1 NOTE Elizabeth II, full name Elizabeth Alexandra Mary (1926- ), queen of Great 
2 CONT Britain and Northern Ireland (1952- ), daughter of King George VI, born in 
2 CONT London. In 1944 she served as a councillor of state while her father was 
2 CONT on the war front in Italy. She married Prince Philip, duke of Edinburgh, 
2 CONT in 1947, and a year later gave birth to a son, Charles. In 1950 she gave 
2 CONT birth to a daughter, Anne. Elizabeth succeeded to the throne on the death 
2 CONT of her father in February 1952. A second son, Andrew, was born to 
2 CONT Elizabeth in 1960 and a third, Edward, in 1964. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Elizabeth's reign has been marked by vast changes in the lives of her 
2 CONT people and in the power and prestige of her nation. By the early 1980s, 
2 CONT some 40 former British colonies, protectorates, and mandate territories 
2 CONT had been granted their independence. Beginning in the mid-1950s, there was 
2 CONT constant turmoil in Northern Ireland. On the home front, the nation 
2 CONT suffered economic difficulties after World War II. Many industries were 
2 CONT nationalized, and in 1973 Great Britain became a member of the European 
2 CONT Economic Community. The primary role of Elizabeth throughout this period 
2 CONT was that of a symbol of unity and continuity within the Commonwealth of 
2 CONT Nations, the member nations of which she frequently visited along with her 
2 CONT husband.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1007@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret Rose /WINDSOR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F482@
0 @I1008@ INDI
1 NAME Philip /MOUNTBATTEN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince, Duke of Edinburgh
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JUN 1921
2 PLAC Isle of Kérkira, Mon Repos, Corfu, Greece
1 FAMC @F3383@
1 FAMS @F483@
1 NOTE He spent his childhood in England at the home of his uncle, Louis 
2 CONT Mountbatten, 1st earl Mountbatten of Burma, and began a naval career in 
2 CONT 1939, when he entered the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. He served in 
2 CONT both the Mediterranean and Pacific theaters during World War II and 
2 CONT married the then Princess Elizabeth in 1947, at which time he was named 
2 CONT duke of Edinburgh; in 1957 he was created prince of the United Kingdom. 
2 CONT Prince Philip, an active advocate of sports, science, and education, has 
2 CONT made many goodwill trips throughout the world, both as representative of, 
2 CONT and in company with, Queen Elizabeth.
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1009@ INDI
1 NAME Charles Philip Arthur George /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 NOV 1948
2 PLAC Buckingham Palace, London, England
1 CHR
2 DATE 15 DEC 1948
2 PLAC Music Room, Buckingham Palace, London,  England
1 FAMC @F483@
1 FAMS @F484@
1 NOTE Charles, Prince (1948- ), prince of Wales and heir apparent to the throne 
2 CONT of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. He is the son 
2 CONT of Queen Elizabeth II and her consort, Philip Mountbatten, duke of 
2 CONT Edinburgh. His full name is Charles Philip Arthur George. Charles was 
2 CONT created prince of Wales in 1958 and invested as such in 1969 on his coming 
2 CONT of age. He assumed his seat in the House of Lords in February 1970 and 
2 CONT became the first heir to the British crown to earn a university degree 
2 CONT when he was graduated with honors from the University of Cambridge in June 
2 CONT 1970. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Charles has served in the Royal Air Force and the Royal Navy (1971-77) and 
2 CONT has traveled widely as a representative of the crown. In July 1981 he was 
2 CONT wed to Lady Diana Frances Spencer (1961- ), a distant relative of the 
2 CONT royal family. Their first child, Prince William Arthur Philip Louis, was 
2 CONT born in 1982. Their second child, Prince Henry Charles Albert David, was 
2 CONT born in 1984.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1010@ INDI
1 NAME Anne Elizabeth Alice /WINDSOR/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 AUG 1950
2 PLAC Clarence House, St. James, England
1 CHR
2 DATE 21 OCT 1950
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F483@
1 FAMS @F3361@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1011@ INDI
1 NAME Andrew Albert Christian /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of York
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 FEB 1960
2 PLAC Belgian Suite, Buckingham Palace, England
1 FAMC @F483@
1 FAMS @F3363@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1012@ INDI
1 NAME Edward Anthony Richard /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 MAR 1964
2 PLAC Buckingham Palace, London, England
1 CHR
2 DATE 2 MAY 1964
1 FAMC @F483@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1013@ INDI
1 NAME Diana Frances /SPENCER/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Lady
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUL 1961
2 PLAC Park House, Sandringham, Norfolk, England
1 BAPM
2 PLAC Sandringham Church, Norfolk, England
1 FAMC @F3372@
1 FAMS @F484@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1014@ INDI
1 NAME William Arthur Philip Louis /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 JUN 1982
2 PLAC St. Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London, England
1 CHR
2 DATE 4 AUG 1982
2 PLAC Music Room, Buckingham Palace, England
1 FAMC @F484@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1015@ INDI
1 NAME Henry Charles Albert Davis /WINDSOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 SEP 1984
2 PLAC St. Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London, England
1 FAMC @F484@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1016@ INDI
1 NAME Duane /GAGE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F905@
1 FAMS @F485@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I1017@ INDI
1 NAME Kathline /OLIVER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F906@
1 FAMS @F485@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
1 SOUR Gage, Debra Kay (Slingerland) interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD
0 @I1018@ INDI
1 NAME Larry /GAGE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F485@
1 FAMS @F4773@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I1019@ INDI
1 NAME Laura /GAGE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F485@
1 FAMS @F4774@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I1020@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /GAGE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F485@
1 FAMS @F4775@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I1021@ INDI
1 NAME Pedro I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1320
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1367
1 FAMC @F725@
1 FAMS @F486@
1 FAMS @F3866@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1022@ INDI
1 NAME Four daughters //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1023@ INDI
1 NAME Philip V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1294
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1322
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1317/1322
1 FAMC @F394@
1 NOTE He was called The Tall.  He became regent for his infant nephew John, king 
2 CONT of France, and after the death of John proclaimed himself king. In 1320, 
2 CONT at the conclusion of the war against Flanders begun during the reign of 
2 CONT Philip IV, France acquired some Flemish territory. Philip frequently 
2 CONT convoked the Estates-General. He made administrative reforms and attempted 
2 CONT to unify coinage, weights, and measures but encountered strong opposition 
2 CONT in the Estates-General. He imposed heavy fines on Jews. Philip died 
2 CONT without a male heir.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1024@ INDI
1 NAME Henry II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1519
2 PLAC Saint-Germain-en-Laye
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1559
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1547/1559
1 FAMC @F488@
1 FAMS @F487@
1 NOTE Henry II (of France) (1519-59), king of France (1547-59), second son of 
2 CONT King Francis I, born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye. He married the Florentine 
2 CONT noblewoman Catherine de Médicis in 1533, and when his father died in 1547, 
2 CONT Henry succeeded to the throne. During his reign he was much influenced by 
2 CONT his mistress, Diane de Poitiers (1499-1566), duchesse de Valentinois, and 
2 CONT by Duc Anne de Montmorency, constable of France (1493-1567). An ardent 
2 CONT Roman Catholic, Henry persecuted the Protestants (Huguenots) in the later 
2 CONT years of his reign. He continued the war waged by his father against Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Charles V, seizing from him the bishoprics of Metz, Toul, 
2 CONT and Verdun in 1552. Engaging in war with England in 1557-58, Henry won 
2 CONT back Calais and Guînes, the last English possessions in France. From 1556 
2 CONT to 1559 he was involved in a war with Charles V's son, Philip II of Spain, 
2 CONT notable mainly for the Spanish victory at Saint Quentin, Picardy (1557). 
2 CONT Peace with Spain and England was restored by the Treaty of 
2 CONT Cateau-Cambresis (1559), by which Henry agreed to give up France's 
2 CONT possessions in Italy. He was succeeded by his son, Francis II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1025@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine de' /MEDICI/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 APR 1519
2 PLAC Florence, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 JAN 1589
2 PLAC Blors, France
1 FAMC @F489@
1 FAMS @F487@
1 NOTE She was a major force in French politics during the 30 years of Roman 
2 CONT Catholic-Huguenot wars and an instigator of the St. Bartholomew's Day 
2 CONT Massacre. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT She had little power during the reign of her husband and that of her first 
2 CONT son, Francis II, but on Francis's death in 1560 the government fell 
2 CONT entirely into her hands. She ruled as regent for her second son, Charles 
2 CONT IX, until he reached his majority in 1563, and she continued to dominate 
2 CONT him for the duration of his reign. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Political Role
2 CONT 
2 CONT In her determination to preserve royal power at any cost, Catherine 
2 CONT devoted her energies to maintaining a balance between the Protestant group 
2 CONT known as the Huguenots, led by the French military leader Gaspard de 
2 CONT Coligny, and the Roman Catholics, led by the powerful house of Guise. 
2 CONT During the religious civil wars that began in 1562, Catherine, a Roman 
2 CONT Catholic, usually supported the Catholics; sometimes, however, political 
2 CONT expediency led her to switch her support to the Huguenots. Her political 
2 CONT manipulations also affected the personal affairs of her family. In 1560 
2 CONT she arranged for her daughter, Elizabeth of Valois, to become the third 
2 CONT wife of the powerful Roman Catholic king of Spain, Philip II. In 1572 
2 CONT Catherine found it propitious to marry another daughter, Margaret of 
2 CONT Valois, to the Protestant king Henry of Navarre, who later became Henry 
2 CONT IV, king of France. Later in 1572 she found the growing Huguenot influence 
2 CONT over her son Charles, the French king, frightening; accordingly, she 
2 CONT instigated the plot to assassinate the Protestant leader Coligny that led 
2 CONT to his death and the deaths of an estimated 50,000 other Huguenots in the 
2 CONT St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre (1572). After the death of Charles in 1574 
2 CONT and the accession to the throne of her third son as Henry III, Catherine's 
2 CONT power declined.
2 CONT     
2 CONT Art Patron
2 CONT 
2 CONT Apart from her political role, Catherine was a patron of the arts. Her 
2 CONT interest in architecture was demonstrated in the building of a new wing of 
2 CONT the Louvre Museum, in initiating construction of the Tuileries gardens, 
2 CONT and in building the château of Monceau. Her personal library, containing 
2 CONT numerous rare manuscripts, was renowned in Renaissance France.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1026@ INDI
1 NAME Francis I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 SEP 1494
2 PLAC Cognac, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 MAR 1547
2 PLAC Rambouillet
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1515/1547
1 FAMC @F554@
1 FAMS @F488@
1 FAMS @F653@
1 NOTE He was remembered for his rivalry with the Habsburg Holy Roman emperor 
2 CONT Charles V, for his patronage of arts and letters, and for his governmental 
2 CONT reforms. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Francis represented the Angoulęme branch of the Valois dynasty, succeeding 
2 CONT Louis XII, the last of the Orleanist branch, in 1515. His mother, Louise 
2 CONT of Savoy, and his elder sister, Margaret of Navarre, influenced his 
2 CONT upbringing and remained close to him during his reign. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT The Valois-Habsburg Wars
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1515 Francis personally won a spectacular victory over the Swiss at 
2 CONT Marignano, which enabled him to seize the Italian duchy of Milan. In 1519 
2 CONT he was a candidate for the throne of the Holy Roman Empire, but the 
2 CONT imperial electors chose Charles of Habsburg instead. He then embarked on a 
2 CONT war against Charles in Italy, but was defeated and captured at Pavia in 
2 CONT 1525. Imprisoned in Spain, he was ransomed and returned to France in 1527. 
2 CONT After another round of fighting, the two monarchs made peace in 1529, and 
2 CONT Francis married the emperor's sister, Eleanor. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Further inconclusive wars were fought against the Habsburgs in 1536-38 and 
2 CONT 1542-44. In this period the Catholic Francis did not hesitate to ally 
2 CONT himself with German Protestant princes and even with the Muslim Turks. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Religious and Financial Policies
2 CONT 
2 CONT Under his sister's influence Francis was sympathetic to Protestantism, 
2 CONT especially in its humanist form, when it appeared in France in the 1520s. 
2 CONT In the 1530s, however, he abandoned his earlier tolerance and became a 
2 CONT persecutor of the French Protestants. The king had concluded a concordat 
2 CONT with the papacy at Bologna in 1516, thereby gaining greater control of the 
2 CONT French Catholic church. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The cost of war obliged Francis to undertake extensive reforms. He floated 
2 CONT government bonds, punished royal fiscal agents who misappropriated funds, 
2 CONT and twice reorganized the treasury. He began openly to sell judicial and 
2 CONT financial offices, creating a new class of ennobled magistrates, which 
2 CONT remained an important element in French governmental and social structures 
2 CONT until the French Revolution. The traditional nobility served in his armies 
2 CONT and flocked to court to secure the patronage of the king or his favorites 
2 CONT among the magnates. In this way factions arose, and when the king died his 
2 CONT reign had lost much of its glamour. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Patronage of Art and Learning
2 CONT 
2 CONT Francis adopted the pose of a chivalric king, the first gentleman of his 
2 CONT kingdom, although his autocratic statecraft was informed by a shrewd 
2 CONT realism. His patronage of the arts was intended to augment the splendor of 
2 CONT his court. He brought Leonardo da Vinci and other great Italian artists to 
2 CONT France to design and ornament his châteaux. He employed the scholar 
2 CONT Guillaume Budé in creating a royal library and in founding professorships 
2 CONT of Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, which formed the Nucleus of the later Collčge 
2 CONT de France.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Salmon, J.H.M.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1027@ INDI
1 NAME Charles IX //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1550
2 PLAC Saint-Germain-en-Laye
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1574
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1560/1574
1 FAMC @F487@
1 NOTE Charles IX (of France) (1550-74), king of France (1560-74), born in 
2 CONT Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The son of Henry II and Catherine de Medicis, he 
2 CONT succeeded his older brother, Francis II. During his minority and after 
2 CONT 1563, when he assumed active rule, Charles remained under the domination 
2 CONT of his mother. Intrigues and religious wars between Roman Catholics and 
2 CONT Huguenots (Protestants) marked the entire course of his reign. In 1572 he 
2 CONT was persuaded by Catherine to approve the Saint Bartholomew's Day 
2 CONT Massacre, in which thousands of Huguenots were killed. Charles was 
2 CONT succeeded by his brother Henry III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1028@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Valois
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1545
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1568
1 FAMC @F487@
0 @I1029@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Valois
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1553
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1615
1 FAMC @F487@
1 FAMS @F490@
1 NOTE 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Margaret of Valois (1553-1615), queen of France and Navarre, daughter of 
2 CONT King Henry II of France and Queen Catherine de Médicis. In August 1572 she 
2 CONT married the leader of the French Huguenots (Protestants), Henry of 
2 CONT Navarre, later King Henry IV of France. The wedding, which was attended by 
2 CONT many prominent Huguenots, was the occasion of the brutal Massacre of St. 
2 CONT Bartholomew's Day, in which thousands of Huguenots were killed. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT After becoming estranged from her husband, Margaret was retired to an 
2 CONT estate at Usson in 1587, where she later held court for various men of 
2 CONT letters. Her own memoirs have been held in high literary esteem. Although 
2 CONT her childless marriage was annulled in 1599, ten years after Henry acceded 
2 CONT to the throne, Margaret retained her title as queen. In 1605 she was 
2 CONT returned to Paris.
0 @I1030@ INDI
1 NAME Henry III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 SEP 1551
2 PLAC Fontainebleau
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 AUG 1589
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1574/1589
1 FAMC @F487@
1 NOTE Henry III (of France) (1551-89), king of France (1574-89), who, despite 
2 CONT his considerable gifts, failed to resolve the religious civil wars in his 
2 CONT country and brought it close to bankruptcy. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The third son of Henry II and Catherine de Médicis, Henry, born at 
2 CONT Fontainebleau on September 19, 1551, was his mother's favorite son. Henry 
2 CONT took part in the victories over the Huguenots at Jarnac and at Moncontour 
2 CONT in 1569. In 1572 he aided his mother in planning the Massacre of Saint 
2 CONT Bartholomew's Day. He was elected king of Poland in 1573, but after one 
2 CONT year returned to France to ascend the throne on the death of his brother, 
2 CONT Charles IX. The wars between the Roman Catholics and Protestants continued 
2 CONT throughout Henry's reign, and he took advantage of the strife to increase 
2 CONT his power. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1576 Henry issued the Edict of Beaulieu, which accorded more privileges 
2 CONT to the Huguenots. Displeased with the edict, the Roman Catholics, under 
2 CONT the leadership of Henri I de Lorraine, duc de Guise, then formed the Holy 
2 CONT League and renewed the war with the Huguenots. The war ended in 1577 with 
2 CONT the Peace of Bergerac. The league was revived in 1584, however, when 
2 CONT Henry's younger brother died, leaving Henry of Navarre (a Huguenot, the 
2 CONT future Henry IV of France) heir to the throne of the childless king. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In the following year, when the king excluded Henry of Navarre from the 
2 CONT succession and repealed all the privileges granted to the Huguenots, Henry 
2 CONT of Navarre began the so-called War of the Three Henrys against the league 
2 CONT and the king. After the termination of the war in 1587 Henry III found his 
2 CONT power rivaled by that of Henri de Lorraine. In 1588, on the Day of 
2 CONT Barricades, the citizenry of Paris, under the leadership of Henri de 
2 CONT Lorraine, revolted against the king, forcing him to flee the city. The 
2 CONT king subsequently had Henri de Lorraine and his brother Louis de Lorraine 
2 CONT (1555-88), assassinated and allied himself with Henry of Navarre, whom he 
2 CONT declared his successor. The two Henrys then became joint leaders of a 
2 CONT Huguenot army. While attempting to regain Paris on August 1, 1589, Henry 
2 CONT III was stabbed by Jacques Clément (1567?-89), a fanatical Dominican 
2 CONT friar, and died the next day.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1031@ INDI
1 NAME Lorenzo de' /MEDICI/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1449
2 PLAC Florence, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 APR 1492
2 PLAC Careggi
1 FAMC @F578@
1 FAMS @F489@
1 NOTE Medici, Lorenzo de', called The Magnificent (1449-92), Italian banker and 
2 CONT statesman, who was a leading patron of art and scholarship during the 
2 CONT Renaissance. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Lorenzo was born in Florence on January 1, 1449, the son of Piero de' 
2 CONT Medici (1416-69), and on his father's death he assumed the direction of 
2 CONT the Medici bank, as well as de facto rule of the Florentine republic. He 
2 CONT was more successful as a politician and art connoisseur than as a bank 
2 CONT administrator, and his family's finances suffered from the expense of his 
2 CONT government. Lorenzo married into the noble Orsini family but ruled 
2 CONT initially without altering the old republican institutions, and he 
2 CONT remained officially a private citizen. His popular, efficient government 
2 CONT of the city and its dependencies was marred only by his approval of a 
2 CONT brutal sack (1472) of the rebellious town of Volterra. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1478 members of the Pazzi family tried to assassinate Lorenzo, and in 
2 CONT the aftermath of that affair the Medici punished some supporters of Pope 
2 CONT Sixtus IV implicated in the plot. The pope, backed by Naples, then 
2 CONT declared war on Florence. Pursuing the family policy of promoting peace 
2 CONT among the Italian states, Lorenzo ended the war by personal diplomacy. 
2 CONT This further increased his popularity with the Florentines and enabled him 
2 CONT to secure constitutional changes that enhanced his power. His last years 
2 CONT were devoted to establishing the careers of his children and guarding the 
2 CONT peace. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Himself a gifted poet, Lorenzo gathered at his court the leading artists 
2 CONT and intellectuals of his day. Among those who enjoyed his patronage were 
2 CONT the painters Botticelli and Michelangelo, the philosophers Marsilio Ficino 
2 CONT and Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, and the humanist poet Angelo Poliziano 
2 CONT (Politian). Lorenzo died at Careggi on April 9, 1492.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR D'Amico, John Francis
0 @I1032@ INDI
1 NAME Henry IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1553
2 PLAC Pau, Navarre, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 MAY 1610
2 PLAC Rue Saint-Honoré, Paris, France
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1589/1610
1 FAMC @F491@
1 FAMS @F490@
1 FAMS @F492@
1 NOTE He was the first Bourbon king of France, who restored stability after the 
2 CONT religious wars of the 16th century. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT His father was descended in the ninth generation from the 13th-century 
2 CONT king of France, Louis IX. His mother was queen of Navarre and niece of 
2 CONT King Francis I of France. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT The Wars of Religion
2 CONT 
2 CONT Although baptized a Roman Catholic, Henry was brought up as a Calvinist by 
2 CONT his strong-minded mother, a leader of the French Protestant (Huguenot) 
2 CONT movement, which during the 1560s became involved in a series of civil wars 
2 CONT with the Catholics. Henry's wedding in 1572 to Margaret of Valois, sister 
2 CONT of the reigning monarch, Charles IX, was followed by the Massacre of Saint 
2 CONT Bartholomew's Day, in which thousands of Huguenots were slain on the 
2 CONT king's order (see Saint Bartholomew' Day, Massacre of). Henry saved his 
2 CONT own life by converting to Roman Catholicism, but he remained a prisoner at 
2 CONT court until 1576. After his escape he repudiated his conversion and 
2 CONT assumed the leadership of the Huguenot movement. Although he accepted his 
2 CONT unwilling wife at his court in Navarre, neither respected the marriage 
2 CONT vows. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Military Leader
2 CONT 
2 CONT Henry's storming of the fortress town of Cahors in 1580 launched his 
2 CONT career as an intrepid military leader. In many subsequent battles his 
2 CONT white plume was to be found wherever the fighting was fiercest. He won 
2 CONT another brilliant victory at Coutras in 1587, and two years later formed 
2 CONT an alliance with Charles IX's successor, Henry III, against the Catholic 
2 CONT League, which was dominated by the Guise family. When Henry III (the last 
2 CONT king of the Valois dynasty) was murdered by a league fanatic in 1589, the 
2 CONT Huguenot leader, who was next in line for the throne, proclaimed himself 
2 CONT king as Henry IV. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Backed by Spain and the pope, however, the league refused to acknowledge a 
2 CONT Protestant as king of France, and many Catholic nobles who had served 
2 CONT Henry III against the league deserted the royal army. Henry won victories 
2 CONT over the league at Arques and Ivry and besieged the league stronghold, 
2 CONT Paris, which was eventually relieved by a Spanish army from the 
2 CONT Netherlands. Henry skillfully exploited divisions among the leaguers, and 
2 CONT in 1593 he disarmed his opponents by announcing his reconversion to 
2 CONT Catholicism. A year later he bribed the league commander of the capital to 
2 CONT admit his army. One by one, he defeated or bought over the magnates of the 
2 CONT house of Guise who continued to resist. In 1595, when he officially 
2 CONT declared war on Spain, the pope granted him absolution. He could no longer 
2 CONT rely on the Huguenots, who drove a hard bargain to secure a new edict of 
2 CONT toleration. This was granted at Nantes in 1598, and it was followed by a 
2 CONT peace treaty with Spain. After that, serious resistance to his rule ended. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Henry as King
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1599 Henry secured papal annulment of his first marriage, and the year 
2 CONT after he married Marie de Médicis, a distant cousin of the mother of the 
2 CONT last Valois kings. His leading minister, Maximilien de Béthune, duc de 
2 CONT Sully, reorganized the finances and promoted the economic recovery of 
2 CONT France after decades of civil war. Agriculture, manufacturing, and 
2 CONT commerce were encouraged, the burden of taxation upon the peasantry 
2 CONT reduced, and the nobility relieved from the pressure of debt by declaring 
2 CONT a moratorium. The system by which officials in finance and the judiciary 
2 CONT purchased their offices from the Crown was formalized in 1604 by a tax on 
2 CONT office known as the paulette. At the same time Sully pursued a policy of 
2 CONT substituting royal officers for those employed by local representative 
2 CONT bodies. Until 1609 these measures were accompanied by an external policy 
2 CONT of peace. In that year Henry began preparations to intervene in Germany 
2 CONT against the Catholic Habsburg dynasty, a move that was opposed by some 
2 CONT French Catholics. The king was about to join his army when he was 
2 CONT assassinated by a Catholic extremist.
2 CONT   
2 CONT Henry IV's genial informality, bravery, gallantry, perseverance in 
2 CONT adversity, and readiness to bend religious principle to political 
2 CONT advantage have earned him a special place in French history. Not only did 
2 CONT he restore order and prosperity to his ruined kingdom but he also ensured 
2 CONT that the monarchy would be Catholic and absolutist.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Salmon, J.H.M.
0 @I1033@ INDI
1 NAME Antoine /DE BOURBON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F491@
0 @I1034@ INDI
1 NAME Jeanne /D'ALBERT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F556@
1 FAMS @F491@
0 @I1035@ INDI
1 NAME Marie /MEDICI/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1573
2 PLAC Florence, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1642
1 FAMC @F567@
1 FAMS @F492@
1 NOTE She was active in French politics during the reign of her son, Louis XIII. 
2 CONT  In 1600 she became the second wife of Henry IV. They had six children, 
2 CONT the eldest of whom became king as Louis XIII when his father was 
2 CONT assassinated in 1610. As regent during her son's minority, Marie was 
2 CONT dominated by her Italian advisers and, unlike her husband, followed a 
2 CONT pro-Spanish policy; she arranged to marry both Louis and his sister 
2 CONT Elizabeth into the Spanish royal family. At home, she proved unable to 
2 CONT control the turbulent French nobles. She was excluded from power by her 
2 CONT son in 1617, but was readmitted to the royal council five years later. 
2 CONT Marie promoted the advancement of Armand Du Plessis de Richelieu, using 
2 CONT her influence to have him made a cardinal in 1622 and Louis's prime 
2 CONT minister in 1624. When Richelieu reversed her policy of alliance with 
2 CONT Spain, she turned against him. After failing in a plot to remove him in 
2 CONT 1630, she went into permanent exile. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Marie de Médicis was a patron of the Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens, 
2 CONT who illustrated her life in a brilliant series of 21 paintings (1622-24).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1036@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1601
2 PLAC Fontainebleau, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1643
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1610/1643
1 FAMC @F492@
1 FAMS @F493@
1 NOTE During his minority from 1610 to 1617 his mother served as regent. She 
2 CONT allied France with Spain and arranged the marriage in 1615 of Louis to 
2 CONT Princess Anne of Austria, daughter of Philip III, king of Spain. For most 
2 CONT of his reign Louis was dominated by Cardinal Richelieu, who joined his 
2 CONT council of ministers in 1624 through the efforts of Marie de Médicis and 
2 CONT served eventually as prime minister until his death in 1642. Under 
2 CONT Richelieu's anti-Habsburg foreign policy, France entered (1635) the Thirty 
2 CONT Years' War as an ally of Sweden and the Protestant princes of Germany. 
2 CONT Louis's reign was marked also by occasional religious strife between Roman 
2 CONT Catholics and the French Protestants, or Huguenots, and by the many 
2 CONT conspiracies against Richelieu. Louis was succeeded by his son Louis XIV.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1037@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of Austria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1601
2 PLAC Madrid, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1666
1 FAMC @F494@
1 FAMS @F493@
1 NOTE Anne of Austria (1601-66), queen of France, daughter of Philip III, king 
2 CONT of Spain, born in Madrid. In 1615 she married Louis XIII of France. The 
2 CONT marriage was unhappy, and from 1620 until the death of Louis in 1643, the 
2 CONT couple lived in virtual separation. The king's chief minister, Cardinal 
2 CONT Richelieu, doubted Anne's loyalty to France because of her Spanish origin. 
2 CONT He accused her of complicity in several treasonable conspiracies against 
2 CONT Louis, but her guilt was never proved. After Louis died, Anne assumed the 
2 CONT regency for her five-year-old son, King Louis XIV, but entrusted the 
2 CONT government to the prime minister, Jules Mazarin. Together, they upheld the 
2 CONT authority of the Crown during the civil wars of the Fronde (1648-53). In 
2 CONT 1661, when Louis XIV assumed power, Anne retired to a convent. Queen Anne 
2 CONT is the central figure of Alexandre Dumas's Three Musketeers.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1038@ INDI
1 NAME Philip III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1578
2 PLAC Madrid, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1621
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1598/1621
1 FAMC @F495@
1 FAMS @F494@
1 NOTE He was also king of Naples, and Sicily (1598-1621), and, as Philip II, 
2 CONT king of Portugal (1598-1621).  In contrast to his father, Philip pursued a 
2 CONT policy of peace in western Europe, concluding a treaty with England in 
2 CONT 1604 and with the Dutch republic in 1609. After 1618, however, he backed 
2 CONT Austria in the Thirty Years' War. He entrusted the government to his prime 
2 CONT minister, Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, duque de Lerma 
2 CONT (1552?-1624?), and later to Lerma's son, Cristobal, duque de Uceda. In 
2 CONT 1609 he expelled from Spain the last of the Moriscos (Christian converts 
2 CONT from Islam).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1039@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XIV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 SEP 1638
2 PLAC Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 SEP 1715
2 PLAC Versailles, France
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1643/1715
1 FAMC @F493@
1 FAMS @F529@
1 FAMS @F531@
1 FAMS @F535@
1 NOTE He was known as the Sun King, who imposed absolute rule on France and 
2 CONT fought a series of wars trying to dominate Europe. His reign, the longest 
2 CONT in European history, was marked by a great flowering of French culture. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT His parents, grateful for an heir after 20 barren years of marriage, 
2 CONT christened him Louis Dieudonné (literally, the "gift of God"). 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Early Reign
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1643 Louis XIII died. Anne of Austria, aided by her minister, Cardinal 
2 CONT Mazarin, ruled France as regent. His father's death spared Louis XIV the 
2 CONT beatings and abuse usually given French princes; kindly but mediocre 
2 CONT tutors gave him a feeble education. His mother formed his rules of 
2 CONT conscience, teaching him a simple kind of Roman Catholicism laced with 
2 CONT superstition. Mazarin instructed him in court ceremony, war, and the craft 
2 CONT of kingship. The Fronde—two rebellions against the Crown between 1648 and 
2 CONT 1653—impressed upon Louis the need to bring order, stability, and reform 
2 CONT to France and also fostered in him a deep suspicion of the nobility. In 
2 CONT accordance with the Franco-Spanish Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), Louis 
2 CONT married his Spanish cousin, Marie-Thérčse (1638-83), in 1660. When Mazarin 
2 CONT died the following year, Louis shocked France by refusing to name a first 
2 CONT minister; he decided to rule alone and select Jean Baptiste Colbert as his 
2 CONT financial adviser. Colbert encouraged domestic industry and foreign 
2 CONT exports and rebuilt the French navy. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Despite his rakish youth, Louis XIV proved a hardworking king. Every 
2 CONT Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday he presided at a council meeting in which 
2 CONT he and a select group of ministers formulated policies that affected the 
2 CONT lives of his 20 million subjects. Louis developed two effective new 
2 CONT instruments of power: a corps of professional diplomats and a standing, 
2 CONT uniformed army. After 1682 the king spent most of his time at Versailles, 
2 CONT near Paris, where he had built a magnificent palace that became the 
2 CONT showplace of Europe. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Foreign Wars
2 CONT 
2 CONT In foreign affairs, Louis's consistent aim was to glorify France, to gird 
2 CONT its defenses on the northern and eastern frontiers, and to prevent any 
2 CONT resurgence of the power of the Habsburg dynasty, which had formerly 
2 CONT threatened France on two sides by its control over Spain and Germany. In 
2 CONT four wars he displayed before all of Europe his prowess as a military 
2 CONT leader. In 1667, claiming his wife's right of inheritance (jus 
2 CONT devolutionis), Louis invaded the Spanish Netherlands. His quick victories 
2 CONT prompted England, Holland, and Sweden to check France and force the Peace 
2 CONT of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668). Louis gained 12 fortresses in Flanders and soon 
2 CONT isolated the Dutch by buying English and Swedish neutrality. In 1672 he 
2 CONT hurled an army against Holland. For six years the Dutch, aided by Spain 
2 CONT and Austria, staved off French attacks. The treaties signed at Nijmegen 
2 CONT (1678) did not dismantle Holland but gave Louis the Franche-Comté region 
2 CONT and more forts in Flanders. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT While his armies were battling Dutch Protestants, Louis had been denying 
2 CONT religious liberty to the Protestants (Huguenots) of France and tightening 
2 CONT control over his Roman Catholic clergy. In 1685, determined to force 
2 CONT conversion of the Huguenots, he revoked their charter of liberties, the 
2 CONT Edict of Nantes, forcing more than 200,000 into exile and igniting the 
2 CONT Camisards' revolt. Although applauded by his Roman Catholic subjects, the 
2 CONT revocation stiffened resistance to Louis in Protestant Europe. 
2 CONT Overconfident and ill-advised, he sent an army into the Rhineland in 1688 
2 CONT to claim the Palatinate for his sister-in-law Elizabeth Charlotte of 
2 CONT Bavaria (1652-1722). This War of the League of Augsburg (1688-97) revealed 
2 CONT serious deficiencies in Louis's army. Despite the devastation of the 
2 CONT Rhineland, the Peace of Ryswick (1697) did not improve French defenses or 
2 CONT add to the glory of the monarchy. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Louis's last military venture, the War of the Spanish Succession 
2 CONT (1701-13), stemmed from his acceptance of the Spanish throne on behalf of 
2 CONT his grandson, Philip. Louis's armies, opposed by an alliance of the 
2 CONT European powers, lost most of the major battles, but won control of Spain. 
2 CONT The Treaty of Utrecht (1713), which awarded several French territories in 
2 CONT North America to the British, also recognized Philip as king of Spain. 
2 CONT Louis ruled a war-weary France until his health broke in 1715. Suffering 
2 CONT from fever and gangrene, he mustered enough strength to say, "I depart, 
2 CONT France remains," before dying.
2 CONT     
2 CONT Achievements
2 CONT     
2 CONT Parallel to Louis's quest for glory in war was his patronage of glory in 
2 CONT the arts. Moličre and Jean Baptiste Racine wrote plays performed at his 
2 CONT court. Paintings by French masters ornamented his palaces, where the music 
2 CONT of Jean Baptiste Lully charmed his guests. Louis founded the academies of 
2 CONT Painting and Sculpture (1655), Science (1666), and Architecture (1671), 
2 CONT and in 1680 he established the Comedie Francaise. His grand palace at 
2 CONT Versailles afforded the ideal setting for his lavish court. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After Queen Marie-Thérčse's death in 1683, Louis secretly married a pious 
2 CONT and previously obscure woman, Françoise d'Aubigné, known as Madame de 
2 CONT Maintenon; she urged him to suppress spectacles and sin. Louis's interest 
2 CONT in improving Paris, however, never waned. He razed the city's medieval 
2 CONT walls, built the Invalides as a home for disabled veterans, planned the 
2 CONT great avenue of the Champs-Élysées, and refurbished the Cathedral of Notre 
2 CONT Dame. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Louis XIV was never able to resolve the tensions between a governing elite 
2 CONT committed to efficiency and a society organized by rank, birth, and 
2 CONT privilege, which explains many of the failures of his reign. His personal 
2 CONT example of long, dedicated rule, however, made France the bureaucratic 
2 CONT model for 18th-century, absolutist Europe.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1040@ INDI
1 NAME Anne of Austria //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1549
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1580
1 FAMS @F495@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1041@ INDI
1 NAME Maria //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Portugal
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1545
1 FAMS @F496@
0 @I1042@ INDI
1 NAME Don Carlos //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1545
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1568
1 FAMC @F496@
1 NOTE He was also called Carlos de Austria.  His father betrothed him to 
2 CONT Princess Elizabeth of France (1545-68) but married her himself in 1559. 
2 CONT During the revolt of the Netherlands against Spanish rule in 1567, Don 
2 CONT Carlos apparently conspired against his father; as a result, Philip 
2 CONT imprisoned him in 1568. When the prince died, later that year, Philip's 
2 CONT enemies accused him of having murdered his son. Carlos's sad fate has 
2 CONT inspired several dramatic works, including the tragedy Don Carlos (1787), 
2 CONT by the German dramatist Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller, and the 
2 CONT opera Don Carlos (1867), by the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1043@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France, Princess
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1545
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1568
1 FAMS @F497@
0 @I1044@ INDI
1 NAME Charles V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emporer, King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 FEB 1500
2 PLAC Ghent, Belgium
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 SEP 1558
2 PLAC San Jeronimo de Yusta, Estremdura, Spain
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1519/1558
2 PLAC the Holy Roman Empire
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1516/1556
2 PLAC Spain
1 FAMC @F499@
1 FAMS @F498@
1 FAMS @F4860@
1 NOTE He fought a losing battle to keep his Roman Catholic empire together in 
2 CONT the face of emergent Protestantism and outside pressure. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT On the death of his father in 1506, Charles inherited the Burgundian 
2 CONT realm; following the death of Ferdinand in 1516, he became ruler of the 
2 CONT vast Spanish kingdom; and when Maximilian died in 1519, he gained the 
2 CONT duchy of Austria and with his younger brother, Ferdinand, later Emperor 
2 CONT Ferdinand I, succeeded to the duchies of Hungary and Bohemia of the house 
2 CONT of Habsburg. In 1519, Charles, having bribed the electors, was designated 
2 CONT Holy Roman emperor; he was crowned King of Germany in Aix-la-Chapelle (now 
2 CONT Aachen, Germany), on October 23, 1520. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Charles was now by far the most powerful sovereign in Christendom. His 
2 CONT inherited lands far exceeded those of the Frankish emperor Charlemagne. 
2 CONT His territory included the Spanish kingdoms of Aragón and Castile; the 
2 CONT Netherlands; the Italian states of Naples, Sicily, and Sardinia; Spanish 
2 CONT conquests in America and Africa; and the Habsburg lands. He ascended the 
2 CONT imperial throne at a time when Germany was agitated by Martin Luther. In 
2 CONT an unsuccessful attempt to restore tranquillity, a great diet was held in 
2 CONT Worms in 1521, before which Luther made a memorable defense of his 
2 CONT doctrines. At this time rivalry between France and Spain over the Italian 
2 CONT lands and Burgundy led King Francis I of France to take up arms against 
2 CONT Charles, whose attention was drawn away from Germany's internal affairs. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The war between Charles and Francis, in which Charles was allied with 
2 CONT Henry VIII of England and the powerful Charles, duke of Bourbon 
2 CONT (1490-1527), proved disastrous to France. Francis was taken prisoner in 
2 CONT 1525, when the French were defeated at Pavia (near Milan, Italy). In 
2 CONT January 1526 he was forced to sign the Treaty of Madrid, relinquishing his 
2 CONT claim to Italy and abandoning Burgundy. Soon after his release the 
2 CONT following year, Francis renewed the struggle, now aided by Henry VIII and 
2 CONT Pope Clement VII, who was anxious to rid Italy of the imperial armies. The 
2 CONT pope was captured at Rome in 1527 and was kept captive for seven months. 
2 CONT The war ended with the signing by Charles and Francis of the Peace of 
2 CONT Cambrai in 1529. Francis again renounced the Italian lands, and Charles 
2 CONT ceded Burgundy to France. In 1530 the pope crowned the victorious monarch 
2 CONT in Bologna as Holy Roman emperor, the last coronation of a German emperor 
2 CONT by the pope. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Charles had been anxious to end the war with the French so that he could 
2 CONT put down the religious revolt in Germany and prevent the Ottoman Turks 
2 CONT from overrunning Europe. The Turks controlled the Balkan Peninsula, and in 
2 CONT 1526, the year that Ferdinand I laid claim to the Hungarian throne, Sultan 
2 CONT Suleiman swept over Hungary. Three years later the Turks laid siege to 
2 CONT Vienna. In 1535 the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, in the service of 
2 CONT Charles, led an expedition to Africa, defeated the Turks at Tunis, and 
2 CONT freed about 20,000 Christian slaves. In 1538 Charles formed an 
2 CONT anti-Turkish alliance with Pope Paul III and the city-state of Venice. The 
2 CONT alliance was unsuccessful, and in 1547 Ferdinand signed a 5-year treaty 
2 CONT with the Turks. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The failure of Charles to repel the Turks resulted in part from his 
2 CONT inability to bring religious peace to his empire, particularly Germany. 
2 CONT The spread of disorder during the Reformation emboldened the German 
2 CONT princes to seek autonomy for their states. The peasants took advantage of 
2 CONT the turmoil in 1524 and revolted. In 1530, shortly after his coronation, 
2 CONT Charles convoked a diet in Augsburg to discuss the religious problem. The 
2 CONT Protestant princes stated their creed in the Augsburg Confession, which 
2 CONT was unacceptable to Charles. Negotiations thereafter failed, and in 1531 
2 CONT the princes formed the Schmalkaldic League. The domestic unrest and the 
2 CONT continued war with the Turks forced the emperor to postpone his 
2 CONT suppression of the Protestants and to grant them some liberties in 1532 in 
2 CONT the Peace of Nuremberg. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1536 Charles was again at war with France. The war was terminated by 
2 CONT the Treaty of Nice in 1538, granting Francis most of the Piedmont region 
2 CONT of Italy. The war was resumed in 1542 and ended in 1544 by the Treaty of 
2 CONT Crépy, which largely reaffirmed the earlier Peace of Cambrai. Charles, no 
2 CONT longer fighting the French or Turks, turned his attention to the princes 
2 CONT and the city-states of the Schmalkaldic League. In 1546 the emperor moved 
2 CONT against the southern German principalities, and at Mühlberg, Saxony, on 
2 CONT April 24, 1547, he scored a decisive victory against the Protestants. His 
2 CONT success was temporary; in 1551 Magdeburg, a great stronghold of 
2 CONT Protestantism, fell to Maurice, duke of Saxony (1521-53), but Maurice, who 
2 CONT had previously supported the emperor, suddenly deserted Charles, allying 
2 CONT himself with King Henry II of France. Charles fled before the Protestants. 
2 CONT In 1552, through his brother Ferdinand, he concluded the Peace of Passau, 
2 CONT by which the Lutheran states were allowed the exercise of their religion. 
2 CONT In 1555 the settlement was reaffirmed in the Peace of Augsburg. Meanwhile, 
2 CONT in 1552, Henry II had seized the bishoprics of Toul, Metz, and Verdun, and 
2 CONT an attempt by the emperor to reconquer Metz failed. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Weary of the constant struggles and heavy responsibilities of his 
2 CONT scattered realms, Charles in 1555 resigned the Netherlands and, in 1556, 
2 CONT Spain, to his son Philip II. In 1558 Charles abdicated the imperial crown 
2 CONT in favor of his brother, Ferdinand I, and retired to the monastery of San 
2 CONT Jerónimo de Yuste in Estremadura, Spain.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1045@ INDI
1 NAME Isabelle //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1503
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMS @F498@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1046@ INDI
1 NAME Philip I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1478
2 PLAC Bruges, Flanders (now in Belgium)
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1506
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1504/1506
1 FAMC @F500@
1 FAMS @F499@
1 NOTE He was called The Handsome.  He became duke of Burgundy in 1482.  On 
2 CONT Isabella's death in 1504, Joanna became queen of Castile. Because Joanna 
2 CONT and Philip were absent in Flanders, however, Ferdinand was the actual 
2 CONT ruler until 1506, when the couple returned to Castile to claim the throne 
2 CONT jointly. Philip died a few months after his return. His sons became Holy 
2 CONT Roman emperors as Charles V and Ferdinand I. Philip was the founder of the 
2 CONT Habsburg dynasty in Spain.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1047@ INDI
1 NAME Joanna //
1 SEX F
1 TITL the Mad
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1479
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1555
1 FAMC @F421@
1 FAMS @F499@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1048@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emporer, King of Bohemia & Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 MAR 1503
2 PLAC Alcala de Henares, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 JUL 1564
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1558/1564
1 FAMC @F499@
1 FAMS @F549@
1 NOTE Ferdinand I (Holy Roman Empire) (1503-64), Holy Roman emperor (1558-64), 
2 CONT king of Bohemia (1526-64), and king of Germany (1531-64). The son of 
2 CONT Philip I, king of Castile, and Joanna the Mad (1479-1555), queen of 
2 CONT Castile, he was born on March 10, 1503, at Alcalá de Henares, Spain. In 
2 CONT 1521, he became governor of the duchy of Württemberg and of the Habsburg 
2 CONT hereditary lands, where he sought to check the spread of the Reformation. 
2 CONT When his brother-in-law, King Louis II of Hungary, died in 1526, Ferdinand 
2 CONT claimed through his wife the thrones of Bohemia and Hungary. He was 
2 CONT crowned king by the Bohemians early in 1527. Although crowned almost 
2 CONT simultaneously in Hungary, he was rejected there by the nobles, who were 
2 CONT led by John I Zápolya and supported by the Turks. A long series of 
2 CONT indecisive wars ensued against the Ottoman Turks and the forces of John I 
2 CONT and his son, John II. A truce finally concluded in 1562 gave Ferdinand 
2 CONT sovereignty over a small part of Hungary, for which he was obliged to pay 
2 CONT tribute to the Turks. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Meanwhile, in 1531, Ferdinand had been elected king of Germany as a reward 
2 CONT for his loyalty to his brother, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Good 
2 CONT relations between the brothers, however, did not continue because Charles 
2 CONT reserved the imperial crown for his son Philip, later King Philip II of 
2 CONT Spain, instead of for Ferdinand. Friendly feeling was restored in 1555, 
2 CONT largely because Ferdinand successfully arranged the Treaty of Passau in 
2 CONT 1552 and the peace of Augsburg in 1555. On Charles's abdication in 1556 of 
2 CONT the Spanish crown, Philip was made king of Spain, while Ferdinand assumed 
2 CONT the duties of emperor; he was not crowned, however, until after Charles's 
2 CONT formal abdication as emperor in 1558. Subsequently Ferdinand attempted to 
2 CONT effect a reunion of Roman Catholics and Protestants but failed because he 
2 CONT insisted that bishops retain their secular authority. He died on July 25, 
2 CONT 1564, in Vienna.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1049@ INDI
1 NAME Maximilian I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 MAR 1459
2 PLAC Wiener Neustadt, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 JAN 1519
2 PLAC Wels, Austria
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1486/1519
2 PLAC Germany
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1493/1519
2 PLAC the Holy Roman Empire
1 FAMC @F507@
1 FAMS @F500@
1 NOTE Maximilian I (1459-1519), German king (1486-1519) and Holy Roman emperor 
2 CONT (1493-1519), who established the Habsburg dynasty as an international 
2 CONT European power. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Maximilian, the eldest son of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III, was born 
2 CONT in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, on March 22, 1459. In 1477 he married Mary 
2 CONT (1457-82), daughter of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, but his right 
2 CONT to the Burgundian realm which included the present Benelux countries and 
2 CONT considerable portions of what is now northern and eastern France—was 
2 CONT challenged by the French king, Louis XI. Maximilian successfully defended 
2 CONT his wife's inheritance in a war with France that lasted until 1493, and he 
2 CONT subdued the rebellious cities of the Netherlands. In 1490 he recovered 
2 CONT Austria, which had been occupied by Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary, 
2 CONT and by the Treaty of Pressburg (1491) secured the right of succession to 
2 CONT the thrones of Hungary and Bohemia, which were held by the Habsburg family 
2 CONT for the next four centuries. Succeeding his father as king and emperor in 
2 CONT 1493, he embarked on a war to prevent France from acquiring territory in 
2 CONT Italy two years later. In 1496 he arranged the marriage of his son Philip 
2 CONT to Joanna (1479-1555), heiress to the thrones of Castile and Aragón, thus 
2 CONT laying the basis for two centuries of Habsburg rule in Spain. Maximilian 
2 CONT made peace with Louis XII of France in 1504, and four years later joined 
2 CONT Louis in the League of Cambrai against Venice. In 1511, however, he again 
2 CONT opposed France in an alliance (the Holy League) with England, Spain, and 
2 CONT the pope, and he was largely responsible for the imperial and English 
2 CONT victory over the French in the Battle of the Spurs (1513). Maximilian was 
2 CONT a patron of the arts; his writings include two autobiographical poems. He 
2 CONT died at Wels, Austria, on January 12, 1519.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1050@ INDI
1 NAME John II (Juan) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Aragón
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1397
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1479
1 FAMC @F502@
1 FAMS @F504@
1 FAMS @F501@
1 NOTE John II (of Aragón and Navarre), in Spanish, Juan II (1397-1479), king of 
2 CONT Aragón (1458-79) and Navarre (1425-79), the son of King Ferdinand I of 
2 CONT Aragón and father-in-law of Queen Isabella I of Castile. John represented 
2 CONT his brother King Alfonso V of Aragón, Naples, and Sicily in Aragón as 
2 CONT lieutenant general and succeeded him to the throne of Aragón. John in 1420 
2 CONT had married Blanche of Navarre (1385?-1441), who inherited the throne of 
2 CONT Navarre in 1425. For many years, John struggled with his son, Charles, 
2 CONT later King Charles IV of Navarre for control of the two kingdoms. After 
2 CONT Charles's death in 1461, John was faced with a series of revolts in the 
2 CONT province of Catalonia led by former adherents of Charles. He did not 
2 CONT regain control of the province until 1472. During the latter part of his 
2 CONT reign, John engaged in war against King Louis XI of France and was forced 
2 CONT to cede to him the provinces of Cerdagne and Roussillon.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1051@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Aragón & Sicily
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1379
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1416
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1412/1416
1 FAMC @F503@
1 FAMS @F502@
1 NOTE Ferdinand I (of Aragón and Sicily), called The Just (1379?-1416), king of 
2 CONT Aragón and Sicily (1412-16). He was the younger son of John I, king of 
2 CONT Castile, and Eleanor of Aragón. In 1406, upon the death of his elder 
2 CONT brother King Henry III of Castile, Ferdinand declined the Castilian crown 
2 CONT and instead, with Henry's widow Catherine, became coregent during the 
2 CONT minority of his nephew John II of Castile. In this capacity he 
2 CONT distinguished himself by his prudent administration of domestic affairs. 
2 CONT After Ferdinand's uncle, Martin I (1356-1410), king of Aragón and, as 
2 CONT Martin II, king of Sicily, died without issue, Ferdinand was chosen king 
2 CONT in 1412 to succeed him. The most notable accomplishment of his brief reign 
2 CONT was his agreement in 1416 to depose the antipope Benedict XIII, thereby 
2 CONT helping to end the Great Schism, which had divided the Western church for 
2 CONT nearly 40 years.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1052@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Aragón, Sicily, & Naples
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1385
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1458
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1416/1458
2 PLAC Aragón & Sicily
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1443/1458
2 PLAC Naples
1 FAMC @F502@
1 FAMS @F3865@
1 NOTE As Alfonso I, king of Naples. Called The Magnanimous.  He earned his 
2 CONT nickname when, upon his ascension to the throne, he destroyed a list 
2 CONT containing the names of nobles who had been hostile to him. He is renowned 
2 CONT chiefly for having brought southern Italy under the dominion of Aragón. In 
2 CONT 1420 Alfonso attacked Corsica, but hastened to Naples at the request of 
2 CONT its queen, Joanna II (1371-1435), who, in return for his assistance 
2 CONT against Louis III of Anjou, named Alfonso her heir. In 1423 the queen 
2 CONT transferred her favor from Alfonso to his rival, Louis. On her death in 
2 CONT 1435 Alfonso claimed the kingdom, but Duke René of Anjou (1409-80), 
2 CONT successor of Louis, opposed him. The pope and Genoa sided with René. The 
2 CONT Genoese fleet defeated the fleet of Aragón, and Alfonso was captured. He 
2 CONT was sent to Francesco Sforza, duke of Milan, who set him at liberty and 
2 CONT formed an alliance with him. After several battles Alfonso defeated René 
2 CONT and entered Naples in triumph, transferring his court there and becoming 
2 CONT the founder of Spanish power in Italy as Alfonso I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1053@ INDI
1 NAME Charles IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Navarre
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1421
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1461
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1441
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1461
1 FAMC @F501@
1 NOTE Charles IV (of Navarre), called Don Carlos or Prince of Viana (1421-61), 
2 CONT king of Navarre (1441-61). He was the son of John II, king of Aragón and 
2 CONT Princess Blanche of Navarre (1385?-1441). Charles was expelled from 
2 CONT Navarre in 1441 by his father, although his title to the kingdom, which he 
2 CONT inherited from his mother, had been recognized by the Cortes. After nine 
2 CONT years of civil war Charles was captured in 1452 and was imprisoned. 
2 CONT Following his release he lived in France and Italy, then returned to 
2 CONT Navarre, and again was imprisoned in 1459. New revolts compelled John II 
2 CONT to recognize his son's succession in 1461, but within three months Charles 
2 CONT died, perhaps of poison.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1054@ INDI
1 NAME Blanche //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Navarre
1 FAMS @F501@
0 @I1055@ INDI
1 NAME John I (Juan) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1358
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1390
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1379/1390
1 FAMC @F505@
1 FAMS @F503@
1 NOTE John I (of Castile and León), in Spanish, Juan I (1358-90), king of 
2 CONT Castile and León (1379-90), the son of King Henry II, founder of the house 
2 CONT of Trastamara. John attacked Portugal to defeat the schemes of John of 
2 CONT Gaunt, duke of Lancaster and son of Edward III of England, who had assumed 
2 CONT the title king of Castile, and of King Ferdinand I of Portugal. Ferdinand 
2 CONT submitted in 1382 and made peace, giving his daughter to John in marriage. 
2 CONT On Ferdinand's death in 1383, John again made war on Portugal, but was 
2 CONT defeated at Aljubarrota in 1385 by King John I of Portugal. In 1386-87 he 
2 CONT repulsed John of Gaunt's invasion of Spain and settled their differences 
2 CONT by a treaty and by arranging the marriage of one of John of Gaunt's 
2 CONT daughters to his son Henry, later King Henry III of Castile and León.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1056@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Aragón //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F503@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1057@ INDI
1 NAME Henry III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1379
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1406
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1390/1406
1 FAMC @F503@
1 FAMS @F645@
1 NOTE Henry III (of Castile and León) (1379-1406), king of Castile and León 
2 CONT (1390-1406), the son and successor of King John I. Although at the 
2 CONT beginning of his reign the country was plagued with continual disorder and 
2 CONT violent anti-Semitism, Henry was soon able to placate the nobility and 
2 CONT restore royal authority. He won victories over the English at sea, and the 
2 CONT conquest of the Canary Islands began under his sponsorship in 1402.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1058@ INDI
1 NAME Emanuel //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1469
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1521
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1495/1521
1 FAMC @F647@
1 FAMS @F648@
1 FAMS @F651@
1 FAMS @F654@
1 NOTE Emanuel, called Manuel I (1469-1521), king of Portugal (1495-1521), 
2 CONT great-grandson of King John I. During his reign, called the golden era of 
2 CONT Portuguese history, great explorations and discoveries took place. He 
2 CONT sponsored the epoch-making expedition of the Portuguese navigator Vasco da 
2 CONT Gama, which resulted in the opening of a sea route to India around the 
2 CONT Cape of Good Hope; the voyage of Pedro Alvares Cabral, on which Cabral 
2 CONT reached Brazil, claimed it for Portugal, and then sailed westward to 
2 CONT India, where he established a trading post on the site of Calicut (now 
2 CONT Kozhikode); the exploration of Gaspar Corte-Real of the coasts of Labrador 
2 CONT and Newfoundland; and the expedition of Afonso de Albuquerque, who 
2 CONT established the Portuguese empire in the Far East. During Emanuel's reign, 
2 CONT commercial relations were established with Persia and China, and great 
2 CONT wealth was acquired from New World possessions. Emanuel made his court a 
2 CONT center of the arts and sciences and issued a code of laws that bears his 
2 CONT name. His great religious zeal led him to sponsor missionary enterprises 
2 CONT in his overseas possessions and endeavor to promote a crusade against the 
2 CONT Turks. It also, however, led him to persecute the Jews in Portugal and to 
2 CONT expel them from the country in 1497-98, an act that deprived Portugal of 
2 CONT many brilliant people. He has sometimes been called Emanuel the Great or 
2 CONT Emanuel the Fortunate.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1059@ INDI
1 NAME Henry II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1333
2 PLAC Seville
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1379
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1369/1379
1 FAMC @F506@
1 FAMS @F505@
1 NOTE Henry II (of Castile and León) (1333?-79), known as Henry (Enrique) of 
2 CONT Trastamara, king of Castile and León (1369-79), born in Seville. He was 
2 CONT the illegitimate son of Alfonso XI of Castile, who made him count of 
2 CONT Trastamara. After the accession of Alfonso's legitimate son, Peter the 
2 CONT Cruel, to the throne of Castile and León in 1350, Henry fled to France. 
2 CONT With an army of mercenaries financed by the kings of France and Aragon, 
2 CONT Henry invaded Castile in 1366 and drove Peter from the throne. Edward, 
2 CONT prince of Wales, intervened for Peter, however, and defeated Henry at 
2 CONT Nájera in 1367. Henry defeated and killed Peter in 1369, becoming king and 
2 CONT continuing his alliance with Charles V of France in the Hundred Years' 
2 CONT War. In 1372 his navy destroyed an English fleet off La Rochelle. He was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son John I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1060@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso XI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1310
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1350
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1312/1350
1 FAMS @F506@
1 NOTE A strong defender of the royal prerogative, he courted the lower classes 
2 CONT with his economic policies while curtailing the authority of the nobles. 
2 CONT On October 30, 1340, he and Alfonso IV of Portugal crushed the resurgent 
2 CONT Moors in Spain in the Battle of the Salado River.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1061@ INDI
1 NAME Pedro III the Cruel //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1334
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1369
2 PLAC Campo de Montiel
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1350/1369
1 FAMC @F506@
1 FAMS @F530@
1 NOTE Peter the Cruel (Spanish Pedro el cruel) (1334-69), king of Castile and 
2 CONT León (1350-69), the son of King Alfonso XI, born in Burgos. Peter owes his 
2 CONT sobriquet the Cruel to his ready use of murder and execution to eliminate 
2 CONT his political opponents, including, reportedly, several of his ambitious 
2 CONT half brothers. His principal conflict was with his older half brother, 
2 CONT Henry of Trastamara, who also claimed the throne. Henry enlisted the aid 
2 CONT of King Charles V of France, who in 1365 sent troops through Spain under 
2 CONT the command of Bertrand Du Guesclin. Overthrown, Peter left the country 
2 CONT and requested aid from Edward III of England, at that time engaged in 
2 CONT fighting the Hundred Years' War with France; Edward sent an army commanded 
2 CONT by his son Edward, prince of Wales, known as the Black Prince. The forces 
2 CONT of Peter and Edward defeated those of Henry, the French, and other allies 
2 CONT at the Battle of Nájera in 1367, and Henry fled to France. Political 
2 CONT differences between Peter and Edward resulted in the latter's withdrawal 
2 CONT from Spain with his army. Henry then hastened back and with Du Guesclin's 
2 CONT help engaged Peter and his supporters in a civil war. Peter was defeated 
2 CONT and killed at Campo de Montiel in 1369; Henry assumed the throne as King 
2 CONT Henry II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1062@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1415
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1493
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1440/1493
2 PLAC the Holy Roman Empire
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1440/1486
2 PLAC Germany
1 FAMC @F551@
1 FAMS @F507@
1 NOTE Frederick III (Holy Roman Empire) (1415-93), Holy Roman emperor (1440-93), 
2 CONT and as Frederick IV, king of Germany (1440-86). The son of Ernest of 
2 CONT Habsburg, duke of Styria and Carinthia (1377-1424), Frederick was elected 
2 CONT Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany in 1440 and crowned by the pope in 
2 CONT Rome in 1452, the last time an emperor was crowned in that city. Because 
2 CONT he had sacrificed the liberty of the German church in order to secure 
2 CONT papal support, he incurred the disfavor of the German princes. Frederick 
2 CONT was a disinterested and an incapable ruler who ignored revolts and failed 
2 CONT to defend the Habsburg domains against invasion. Nevertheless, by marrying 
2 CONT his son and successor, Maximilian, to Mary of Burgundy (1457-82) in 1477, 
2 CONT he increased the wealth and power of his dynasty. In 1486, when Maximilian 
2 CONT was elected German king, Frederick turned the government over to his son 
2 CONT and settled in Linz, where he devoted himself to the study of sciences.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1063@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Duchess of Burgundy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1457
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1482
1 FAMC @F4585@
1 FAMS @F500@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1064@ INDI
1 NAME Louise //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of Hesse-Cassel
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1817
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1898
1 FAMS @F478@
0 @I1065@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick VIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1843
2 PLAC Copenhagen, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1912
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1906
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1912
1 FAMC @F478@
1 FAMS @F509@
1 NOTE 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Frederick VIII (1843-1912), king of Denmark (1906-12), born in Copenhagen, 
2 CONT and educated at the University of Oxford. He succeeded to the throne on 
2 CONT the death of his father, Christian IX. His son, Prince Charles, became 
2 CONT Hakon VII, king of Norway, in 1905. Frederick was a brother of Alexandra 
2 CONT (1844-1925), queen consort of Great Britain, and of George I, king of 
2 CONT Greece.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1066@ INDI
1 NAME Dagma //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1847
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1928
1 FAMC @F478@
1 FAMS @F508@
0 @I1067@ INDI
1 NAME George I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Greece
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 DEC 1845
2 PLAC Copenhagen, Denmark
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 MAR 1913
2 PLAC Salonika
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 BURI
2 PLAC Tatoi
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1863/1913
1 FAMC @F478@
1 FAMS @F513@
1 NOTE He was the first Greek monarch of the house of Glücksburg.  He was known 
2 CONT as Prince William and was nominated for the Greek throne by the British 
2 CONT government after the revolution that deposed his predecessor, King Otto, 
2 CONT in 1862. The Danish prince was elected to the throne by the Greek National 
2 CONT Assembly and was crowned as George I, king of the Hellenes, after being 
2 CONT approved by the Great Powers.  George followed a consistent expansionist 
2 CONT policy; the Ionian Islands, part of Epirus, and most of Thessaly were 
2 CONT joined to Greece during his reign. After winning a victory over Turkey in 
2 CONT the First Balkan War, he was assassinated in Salonika in 1913. He was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son, Constantine I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1068@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1845
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1894
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1881
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1894
1 FAMC @F572@
1 FAMS @F508@
1 NOTE Alexander III (of Russia) (1845-94), emperor of Russia (1881-94), son of 
2 CONT Alexander II. In reaction to the assassination of his father, he restored 
2 CONT much of the absolutism of the reign of Nicholas I and sternly repressed 
2 CONT all revolutionary agitation. Alexander tried to impose the Russian 
2 CONT language on all of his subjects, persecuted the Jews, and restricted 
2 CONT education. His foreign policy was marked by a close union with France in 
2 CONT opposition to the Triple Alliance. He was succeeded by his son, Nicholas 
2 CONT II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1069@ INDI
1 NAME Olaf V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1903
2 PLAC Sandringham, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1991
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1957/1991
1 FAMC @F479@
1 FAMS @F525@
1 NOTE Olaf V, original name Alexander Edward Christian Frederik of Glücksburg 
2 CONT (1903-91), king of Norway (1957-91), the son of King Hakon VII, born at 
2 CONT Sandringham, England. He went to Great Britain with his father after the 
2 CONT German invasion of Norway in 1940, during World War II. Olaf was commander 
2 CONT in chief of the Norwegian armed forces fighting with the Allies in 
2 CONT 1944-45; he returned to Norway after the defeat of Germany in 1945. Upon 
2 CONT his death, Olaf's son Harald (1937- ), the crown prince, became king of 
2 CONT Norway as Harald V.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1070@ INDI
1 NAME Christian X //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1870
2 PLAC Copenhagen, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1947
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1912
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1947
1 FAMC @F509@
1 FAMS @F510@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1071@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick IX //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1899
2 PLAC Copenhagen, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1972
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1947
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1972
1 FAMC @F510@
1 FAMS @F511@
1 NOTE Frederick IX (1899-1972), king of Denmark (1947-72), son and successor of 
2 CONT King Christian X, born near Copenhagen. Frederick was educated at the 
2 CONT Danish Naval Academy and the University of Copenhagen. He broke the Danish 
2 CONT royal tradition by choosing a naval instead of an army career. During the 
2 CONT German occupation of Denmark in World War II, Frederick was virtually 
2 CONT interned in the palace. Because he had no male heir, Denmark's succession 
2 CONT law was changed during his reign, and he was succeeded by his eldest 
2 CONT daughter, Margaret II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1072@ INDI
1 NAME Margrethe II //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1940
2 PLAC Copenhagen, Denmark
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1972
1 FAMC @F511@
1 FAMS @F512@
1 NOTE She was educated at the universities of Copenhagen and Cambridge. She 
2 CONT married Henri Marie Jean André, comte de Laborde de Monpezat, a Frenchman 
2 CONT who was created Prince Henrik of Denmark.  On the death of her father, 
2 CONT Frederick IX, Margaret became the first queen to reign over Denmark since 
2 CONT Margaret I, more than five and a half centuries earlier. A new Danish 
2 CONT succession law had been enacted in 1953 to allow her ascension to the 
2 CONT throne.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1073@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella of Portugal //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F646@
1 FAMS @F538@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1074@ INDI
1 NAME Henrik //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Denmark
1 FAMS @F512@
0 @I1075@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Crown Prince of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1968
1 FAMC @F512@
0 @I1076@ INDI
1 NAME Joachin //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1969
1 FAMC @F512@
0 @I1077@ INDI
1 NAME Olga //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F513@
0 @I1078@ INDI
1 NAME Constantine I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Greece
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1868
2 PLAC Athens, Greece
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1923
2 PLAC Italy
1 FAMC @F513@
1 FAMS @F514@
1 NOTE Constantine I (1868-1923), king of Greece (1913-17, 1920-22). The son of 
2 CONT King George I, he was born in Athens and educated at Greek and German 
2 CONT military academies. In 1889 he married Sophia (1870-1932), princess of 
2 CONT Prussia and sister of German Emperor William II. Constantine had served in 
2 CONT the German army and in 1897 led a Greek force in a short but disastrous 
2 CONT war against Turkey. He later led the Greeks in the First Balkan War 
2 CONT (1912-13), which increased Greek territory. He ascended the throne on the 
2 CONT death of his father in 1913. During World War I, Constantine was 
2 CONT pro-German, whereas Eleutherios Venizelos, the premier, wished to join the 
2 CONT Allies. The struggle resulted in a policy of Greek neutrality until 
2 CONT September 1916, when an Allied naval blockade caused Greece to declare war 
2 CONT on Germany. Constantine, under Allied military pressure, abdicated on June 
2 CONT 12, 1917, in favor of his son, Alexander (1893-1920). Three years later, 
2 CONT after Alexander's death, Constantine was restored as king by a plebiscite. 
2 CONT In September 1922, however, the Greek defeat in the renewed war with 
2 CONT Turkey forced Constantine to abdicate again, leaving the throne to his 
2 CONT oldest son, George II. Constantine died in exile in Italy.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1079@ INDI
1 NAME Sophia //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of Persia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1870
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1932
1 FAMC @F515@
1 FAMS @F514@
0 @I1080@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1893
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1920
1 FAMC @F514@
0 @I1081@ INDI
1 NAME George II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Greece
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1890
2 PLAC Tatoi, Greece
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1947
1 FAMC @F514@
1 FAMS @F516@
1 NOTE 
2 CONT 
2 CONT George II (of Greece) (1890-1947), king of Greece (1922-23, 1935-41, 
2 CONT 1946-47), eldest son of King Constantine I, of the house of Glücksburg, 
2 CONT born at Tatoi, the royal estate near Athens. In 1921 he married Princess 
2 CONT Elizabeth of Romania (1894-1956). He succeeded to the throne after the 
2 CONT abdication of his father, but was himself deposed a year later, in 1923. 
2 CONT Returned to the throne by a plebiscite in 1935, George was, however, given 
2 CONT little authority, the actual power being in the hands of the military 
2 CONT dictator Ioannes Metaxas. The German invasion of Greece in 1941, during 
2 CONT World War II, caused him to take refuge first in Egypt and then in London, 
2 CONT where he established a government in exile. Following another plebiscite, 
2 CONT George returned to Greece in 1946. The following year he died and was 
2 CONT succeeded by his brother Paul I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1082@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emperor of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1831
2 PLAC Potsdam, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 JUN 1888
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1888
1 FAMC @F591@
1 FAMS @F515@
1 NOTE He was called Frederick the Fair, Habsburg king of Germany and Prussia.  
2 CONT Frederick became duke of Austria in 1306 and was elected king of Germany 
2 CONT by a minority of electors in 1314; the majority favored Louis IV, duke of 
2 CONT Bavaria. After eight years of conflict, Louis defeated and imprisoned 
2 CONT (1322) Frederick, but later released (1325) him and recognized him as 
2 CONT coruler. His authority, however, was limited to Austria.
0 @I1083@ INDI
1 NAME Wilhelm II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emporer of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 JAN 1859
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 JUN 1941
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1888/1918
1 FAMC @F515@
1 FAMS @F589@
1 FAMS @F590@
1 NOTE He was also king of Prussia (1888-1918), whose policies helped bring about 
2 CONT World War I. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT William, also known as Kaiser Wilhelm, was educated at the University of 
2 CONT Bonn. In 1881, after a period of military service, he was married. He 
2 CONT became emperor in 1888 upon the death of his father, who had reigned for 
2 CONT only three months. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT William II's first major action as emperor was his dismissal in 1890 of 
2 CONT the aged chancellor Prince Otto von Bismarck, who had been largely 
2 CONT responsible for the growth of the German Empire under the emperor's 
2 CONT grandfather, William I. Thereafter he participated significantly, often 
2 CONT decisively, in the formulation of foreign and domestic policies. His 
2 CONT administration of internal affairs was marked by the rapid transformation 
2 CONT of Germany from an agricultural to a major industrial state and by the 
2 CONT accompanying development of serious problems in capital-labor relations. 
2 CONT William was only partially successful in his attempts to curb the growth 
2 CONT of Germany's Social Democratic party, which ultimately became the largest 
2 CONT political group in the empire. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The emperor believed that he ruled by divine right; foreign affairs 
2 CONT interested him, but his policies were contradictory and confused. He 
2 CONT professed deep friendship for Great Britain but drove that country into an 
2 CONT alliance with France and Russia by his aggressive program of colonial, 
2 CONT commercial, and naval expansion. Similarly, his policy of friendship with 
2 CONT Russia and support of Russian ambitions in the Far East was negated by his 
2 CONT encouragement of Austro-Hungarian actions in the Balkans. He believed 
2 CONT firmly in the efficacy of the Triple Alliance as a deterrent to war, and 
2 CONT he probably was devoid of militaristic ambitions. Imperial policy under 
2 CONT his impulsive guidance severely aggravated the international frictions 
2 CONT that culminated in World War I. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During the war William's position became increasingly that of a 
2 CONT figurehead. Realizing his own incapacity as a military leader, he left the 
2 CONT responsibility for military decisions increasingly to the German generals 
2 CONT Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff. He ignored the 1917 peace 
2 CONT resolutions submitted by the Reichstag and urged continuation of the war. 
2 CONT Failure of the German offensive of 1918 brought mounting unrest to the 
2 CONT German armies and people, and on November 10, a day before the armistice 
2 CONT was signed, William left his country and went to Holland. During the peace 
2 CONT negotiations at Versailles, various representatives of the victorious 
2 CONT Allies urged vainly that William be extradited and tried as a war 
2 CONT criminal. He spent his remaining years in complete seclusion at Doorn 
2 CONT Castle in the Netherlands. He lived to see the resurgence of German armed 
2 CONT power and after his death was buried with military honors by order of 
2 CONT Hitler.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1084@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of Romnia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1894
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1956
1 FAMS @F516@
0 @I1085@ INDI
1 NAME Paul I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Greece
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1901
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1964
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1947
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1964
1 FAMC @F514@
1 FAMS @F517@
1 NOTE Paul I (1901-64), king of Greece (1947-64), youngest son of King 
2 CONT Constantine I. Paul married Princess Frederika (1917-81) of Brunswick in 
2 CONT 1938. During most of World War II, when Greece was under German 
2 CONT occupation, he was with the Greek government-in-exile in London and Cairo. 
2 CONT From Cairo, he broadcast messages to the Greek people. He returned to 
2 CONT Greece in 1946 and succeeded to the throne in 1947, on the death of his 
2 CONT brother, King George II. Paul was sometimes criticized for interfering in 
2 CONT politics. In 1963 he became involved in a dispute with Prime Minister 
2 CONT Constantine Karamanlis that led to the latter's resignation. Paul was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son, Constantine II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1086@ INDI
1 NAME Irene //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F517@
0 @I1087@ INDI
1 NAME Constantine II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Greece
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1940
2 PLAC Psychico
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1964/1973
1 FAMC @F517@
1 FAMS @F4779@
1 NOTE He was educated at Anavryta, a preparatory school, and at Greek military 
2 CONT academies. He ascended the throne on March 6, 1964, upon the death of his 
2 CONT father. His brief reign was marked by political upheavals. Early in 1967 a 
2 CONT military coup deposed the existing government and established a ruling 
2 CONT junta. In December of that year the king failed in an attempt to overthrow 
2 CONT the junta, and he and his family thereafter lived in exile. In June 1973, 
2 CONT the Greek military government declared Constantine deposed and established 
2 CONT a republic, a fact approved in a national referendum after the restoration 
2 CONT of civilian government in 1974.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1088@ INDI
1 NAME Edward V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1470
2 PLAC Westminster, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1483
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1483
1 FAMC @F411@
1 NOTE He was a short-lived, uncrowned king of England.  Also earl of March & 
2 CONT Pembroke, the second king of the house of York. He was created prince of 
2 CONT Wales in 1471. As a result of the power struggle between his paternal 
2 CONT uncle Richard, duke of Gloucester, and his maternal uncle Anthony 
2 CONT Woodville, 2d Earl Rivers (1442?-83), both Edward and his brother, 
2 CONT Richard, duke of York, were confined in the Tower of London shortly after 
2 CONT their father's death in April 1483. They were not seen again outside the 
2 CONT tower. Because the duke of Gloucester had them declared bastards and 
2 CONT usurped the throne as Richard III in June 1483, it is reasonable to 
2 CONT suppose that he had them assassinated. No circumstantial evidence exists, 
2 CONT however. It is possible, for instance, that they survived Richard and were 
2 CONT later slain by his successor, Henry VII of the house of Tudor, to whose 
2 CONT title they would have been a threat. The belief that Richard instigated 
2 CONT their murder was advanced by Tudor historians.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1089@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Duke of York, KG
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1411
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1460
2 PLAC Wakefield
1 FAMC @F520@
1 FAMS @F518@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1090@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /WOODVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1437
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1492
1 FAMC @F4141@
1 FAMS @F522@
1 FAMS @F411@
1 NOTE Her last name may be spelled "Wydville".
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1091@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Conisburgh, Earl of Cambridge
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1415
1 FAMC @F519@
1 FAMS @F520@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1092@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /MORTIMER/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1411
1 FAMC @F521@
1 FAMS @F520@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1093@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 4th Earl of March & Ulster
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1374
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1398
2 NOTE He was killed.
1 FAMC @F1114@
1 FAMS @F521@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1094@ INDI
1 NAME Edward //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1453
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1471
2 PLAC Battle of Tewkesbury
2 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
3 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 FAMC @F403@
1 FAMS @F627@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1095@ INDI
1 NAME John /GREY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 7th Lord Ferrers, Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1461
2 PLAC the Battle of St. Albans
1 FAMS @F522@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1096@ INDI
1 NAME Anthony /WOODVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Rivers
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1442
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1483
1 FAMC @F4141@
0 @I1097@ INDI
1 NAME Richard III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 OCT 1452
2 PLAC Fotheringhay Castle
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1485
2 PLAC Bosworth Field
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1483/1485
1 FAMC @F518@
1 FAMS @F626@
1 FAMS @F2220@
1 NOTE He was the last king of the house of York.  He was named duke of 
2 CONT Gloucester in 1461. Richard fought for his brother, later King Edward IV, 
2 CONT under the Yorkist banner during the Wars of the Roses. On the death of 
2 CONT Edward in 1483, Richard took over the care of Edward's young heir, King 
2 CONT Edward V, and the administration of the kingdom. Richard soon overthrew 
2 CONT the unpopular party of the Woodvilles, relatives of the queen mother, who 
2 CONT aimed to control the government. Parliament then declared that Richard was 
2 CONT the rightful king, on the grounds that the marriage of Edward IV with 
2 CONT Elizabeth Woodville had been illegal because he had contracted earlier to 
2 CONT marry another woman. Richard, to ensure his position as king, confined 
2 CONT Edward and his brother Richard to the Tower of London. There, some time 
2 CONT afterward, both nephews were put to death. Except for later supposition, 
2 CONT no substantial evidence exists that Richard had them assassinated. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The new king courted popularity with considerable success. He promoted 
2 CONT English interests abroad and involved himself in domestic reform. 
2 CONT Following the death of the young princes, however, public favor turned 
2 CONT away from Richard and toward Henry, earl of Richmond, who was the head of 
2 CONT the rival house of Lancaster. On August 7, 1485, Henry landed at Milford 
2 CONT Haven, Wales, collecting allies as he advanced toward England. Richard 
2 CONT hastened to meet him, and the hostile armies faced each other on Bosworth 
2 CONT Field. Richard fought valiantly but was defeated and slain, and the earl 
2 CONT of Richmond became Henry VII, the first Tudor king of England. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Although Richard, the last king of the house of York, did usurp the 
2 CONT throne, little doubt exists that his unscrupulousness has been 
2 CONT overemphasized by his enemies and by Tudor historians seeking to 
2 CONT strengthen the Lancastrian position. His baseness is strongly exaggerated 
2 CONT in Shakespeare's play Richard III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1098@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of York, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1472
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1483
1 FAMC @F411@
1 FAMS @F1535@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1099@ INDI
1 NAME George /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Clarence
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1449
2 PLAC Dublin, Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1478
2 PLAC Tower of London, England
1 FAMC @F518@
1 FAMS @F523@
1 NOTE 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Clarence, George Plantagenet, Duke of (1449-78), son of Richard, duke of 
2 CONT York, and brother of Edward IV, king of England, born in Dublin. The title 
2 CONT duke of Clarence was revived for him in 1461 by Edward, and the following 
2 CONT year he became lord lieutenant of Ireland. In 1469, in defiance of his 
2 CONT brother, he married a daughter of Richard Neville, earl of Warwick. During 
2 CONT the Wars of the Roses, Clarence first supported Warwick and the deposed 
2 CONT Lancastrian king, Henry VI, against his brother Edward IV, but he later 
2 CONT turned to aid Edward and the Yorkist faction. After the death of his 
2 CONT father-in-law in 1471, Clarence shared the Warwick estates with his 
2 CONT brother Richard, duke of Gloucester (later King Richard III), but retained 
2 CONT the title earl of Warwick. Suspected of seeking the crown, Clarence was 
2 CONT imprisoned, convicted by Parliament, and murdered in the Tower of London. 
2 CONT His only son, Edward, earl of Warwick (1475-99), was imprisoned in the 
2 CONT tower at the age of ten and was beheaded on the order of the Tudor king 
2 CONT Henry VII. Shakespeare recounted the story of Clarence in Henry VI, Part 
2 CONT III and Richard III.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1100@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella /NEVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1476
1 FAMC @F524@
1 FAMS @F523@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1101@ INDI
1 NAME Richard "King Maker" /NEVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Salisbury, Knight of the Garter
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1471
2 PLAC Battle of Barnet
1 FAMC @F624@
1 FAMS @F524@
1 NOTE He was also earl of Warwick.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1102@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Warwick
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1475
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1499
1 FAMC @F523@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1103@ INDI
1 NAME Harald V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1937
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1991
1 FAMC @F525@
0 @I1104@ INDI
1 NAME Lionel /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, Knight of the Garter
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1368
1 FAMC @F392@
1 FAMS @F527@
1 FAMS @F1482@
1 NOTE He was also Earl of Ulster.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1105@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Gloucester
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1397
1 FAMC @F392@
1 FAMS @F616@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1106@ INDI
1 NAME Gisele //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 919
1 FAMC @F989@
1 FAMS @F528@
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I1107@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella /MORTIMER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1105@
1 FAMS @F1115@
1 FAMS @F1116@
1 FAMS @F1117@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1108@ INDI
1 NAME Marie-Therese of Spain //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1638
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1683
1 FAMC @F457@
1 FAMS @F529@
0 @I1109@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F556@
1 FAMS @F713@
0 @I1110@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth Charlotte //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Bavaria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1652
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1722
1 FAMC @F4038@
0 @I1111@ INDI
1 NAME François /D'AUBIGNÉ/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Marquis de Maintenon
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1635
2 PLAC Niort
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1719
1 FAMS @F532@
1 FAMS @F531@
1 NOTE In 1651 she married the French novelist Paul Scarron. After his death in 
2 CONT 1660 she became the governess of the illegitimate children of Louis XIV. 
2 CONT In 1674 she became Louis's mistress and purchased the estate of Maintenon, 
2 CONT which was made a marquisate in 1678. After the death of Marie Thérčse, 
2 CONT queen of France (1638-83), the king morganatically married (1684) her; 
2 CONT accordingly, no children of the marriage could succeed to the throne. As 
2 CONT the leader of the French court, she was known for her beauty and wit, and 
2 CONT she exerted a great influence on the king in religious and political 
2 CONT matters. Having been poor as a girl, she founded the school of Saint Cyr 
2 CONT for poor girls of noble families. When Louis died in 1715 she retired to a 
2 CONT convent, where she died. Much of her correspondence during her years at 
2 CONT court was published after her death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1112@ INDI
1 NAME Paul /SCARRON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1610
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1660
1 FAMS @F532@
1 NOTE He was a French writer. He studied originally for the church, but a 
2 CONT nervous disease made him an invalid at the age of 27. Scarron's most 
2 CONT famous work is a picaresque novel, "The Comical Romance" (1651-57; trans. 
2 CONT 1741). He also wrote short stories, plays, satires, including a parody of 
2 CONT Vergil's Aeneid, and burlesque poems. Scarron's writings directly 
2 CONT influenced the French dramatist Moličre. Scarron married Françoise 
2 CONT d'Aubigné, who later, as Madame de Maintenon, became mistress and wife of 
2 CONT Louis XIV.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1113@ INDI
1 NAME Louis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL de France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1661
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1711
1 FAMC @F529@
1 FAMS @F533@
0 @I1114@ INDI
1 NAME Louis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL duc de Bourgogne
1 FAMC @F533@
1 FAMS @F534@
0 @I1115@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1710
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1774
1 FAMC @F534@
1 FAMS @F536@
1 NOTE Louis XV (1710-74), king of France (1715-74), whose failure to provide 
2 CONT strong leadership and badly needed reforms contributed to the crisis that 
2 CONT brought on the French Revolution. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Louis was born at Versailles on February 15, 1710, the great-grandson of 
2 CONT Louis XIV, whom he succeeded at the age of five. Philippe II, duc 
2 CONT d'Orléans, governed as regent until Louis reached his legal majority in 
2 CONT 1723. In 1725 the king married Maria Leszczyńska (1703-68), daughter of 
2 CONT Stanislas I of Poland. The following year he appointed his former tutor, 
2 CONT André Hercule de Fleury (1653-1743), as prime minister. Fleury gave France 
2 CONT a stable administration until his death 17 years later. Thereafter Louis 
2 CONT himself was in nominal control, but he took only a sporadic interest in 
2 CONT government and never followed any consistent policy at home or abroad. He 
2 CONT was frequently influenced by his mistresses, the most powerful of whom was 
2 CONT the marquise de Pompadour. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT France was involved in three wars during Louis's reign. As a result of the 
2 CONT first, the War of the Polish Succession (1733-35), France gained the 
2 CONT province of Lorraine. The second, the War of the Austrian Succession 
2 CONT (1740-48), which marked the beginning of a colonial struggle with Great 
2 CONT Britain, was indecisive. In the last, the Seven Years' War (1756-63), 
2 CONT France, crippled by corruption and mismanagement, lost most of its 
2 CONT overseas possessions to the British. French foreign policy in this period 
2 CONT was made chaotic by Louis's “secret diplomacy,” as his agents in other 
2 CONT countries sometimes pursued aims that were in conflict with those of his 
2 CONT own ministers. The situation improved somewhat in the 1760s, when a new 
2 CONT minister, the duc de Choiseul, restored some order to the government and 
2 CONT tried to repair the damage done by the Seven Years' War. In the last years 
2 CONT of his reign, Louis cooperated with his chancellor, René de Maupeou 
2 CONT (1714-92), in an effort to reform the country's inequitable and 
2 CONT inefficient system of taxation. In 1771 the parlements, or sovereign 
2 CONT courts, which had opposed reform, were reorganized and stripped of their 
2 CONT power to obstruct royal decrees. Measures were then implemented to tax the 
2 CONT previously exempt nobility and clergy, but these were reversed after the 
2 CONT king's death at Versailles on May 10, 1774. Louis XV's reported prophecy, 
2 CONT After me, the deluge, was fulfilled in the overthrow of the French 
2 CONT monarchy less than two decades later.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1116@ INDI
1 NAME Françoise Athénaďs /DE ROCHECHOVART/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Marquise de Montespan
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1641
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1707
1 FAMS @F535@
1 NOTE She married (1663) the marquis de Montespan and became mistress of the 
2 CONT king in 1667. She left the court in 1687 and later joined a convent. The 
2 CONT children that she bore the king were legitimatized in 1673.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1117@ INDI
1 NAME Philippe I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duc d'Orléans
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1640
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1701
1 FAMC @F493@
1 FAMS @F566@
1 FAMS @F4636@
0 @I1118@ INDI
1 NAME Philip V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1683
2 PLAC Versailles, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1746
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1700/1746
1 FAMC @F533@
1 FAMS @F557@
1 NOTE Philip V (of Spain) (1683-1746), king of Spain (1700-46), during whose 
2 CONT reign French ideas prevailed at his court, and French institutions were 
2 CONT introduced into Spain. The first of the Spanish Bourbons, he was the 
2 CONT grandson of Louis XIV, king of France, and the son of the dauphin Louis de 
2 CONT France (1661-1711), born in Versailles, France. Charles II, the last 
2 CONT Habsburg king of Spain, dying without issue, bequeathed Spain, the Spanish 
2 CONT Netherlands, and his Italian possessions to Philip, then duke of Anjou, in 
2 CONT 1700. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Philip's accession, by uniting the French and Spanish thrones in the same 
2 CONT family, threatened to disturb the balance of power in Europe. This 
2 CONT resulted in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14), in which France 
2 CONT and Spain were matched against an alliance formed by England, the 
2 CONT Netherlands, Austria, and several of the German states and subsequently 
2 CONT joined by Portugal and Savoy. The Peace of Utrecht secured the throne of 
2 CONT Spain to Philip but stripped Spain of Sicily, which passed to Savoy; the 
2 CONT Spanish Netherlands, which passed to Sardinia; and Milan and Naples, which 
2 CONT passed to Austria. Philip attempted to regain the lands in Italy that he 
2 CONT had lost, and war ensued from 1718 to 1720 against the Quadruple Alliance 
2 CONT of Great Britain, France, Austria, and the Netherlands. Through this war 
2 CONT and also through the War of the Polish Succession (1733-35) and War of the 
2 CONT Austrian Succession (1740-48), Philip gained territory for his sons. In 
2 CONT January 1724 he abdicated in favor of his eldest son, but after his son's 
2 CONT death the following August he resumed the crown. Philip was dominated by 
2 CONT his wife, Isabella Farnese (1692-1766), and in the last decades of his 
2 CONT life he was mentally incompetent.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1119@ INDI
1 NAME Maria /LESZCZYŃSKA/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1703
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1768
1 FAMC @F537@
1 FAMS @F536@
0 @I1120@ INDI
1 NAME Stanislas I Leszczyński //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Poland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1677
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1766
1 FAMS @F537@
1 NOTE A member of an influential old Polish noble family, Stanislas became king 
2 CONT in 1704 with the support of Charles XII of Sweden, in opposition to 
2 CONT Frederick Augustus of Saxony (Augustus II of Poland, 1670-1733), who was 
2 CONT backed by Russia. In 1709, when the armies of Charles XII were defeated by 
2 CONT the Russians, Stanislas went into exile. His daughter Maria Leszczyńska, 
2 CONT married Louis XV of France in 1725. This alliance enabled Stanislas to 
2 CONT obtain reelection to the Polish throne when Augustus died in 1733. Russia 
2 CONT and Austria intervened against him, and despite French aid he was again 
2 CONT expelled from Poland in 1735. Stanislas was given the duchies of Lorraine 
2 CONT and Bar, and he maintained a royal court at Lunéville and Nancy until his 
2 CONT death. He was celebrated as a patron of learning and literature.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1121@ INDI
1 NAME Henry IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Castile & León
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1425
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1474
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1454/1474
1 FAMC @F538@
1 FAMS @F539@
1 NOTE Henry IV (of Castile and León) (1425-74), king of Castile and León 
2 CONT (1454-74), the son and successor of King John II. He was a weak ruler, and 
2 CONT much of his reign was marred by conflict with the nobility over the 
2 CONT designation of a successor. His sister, the great Queen Isabella I, 
2 CONT followed him on the throne.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1122@ INDI
1 NAME Jauna /LA BELTRANEJA/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1462
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1530
1 FAMC @F539@
0 @I1123@ INDI
1 NAME Louis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Dauphin of France
1 FAMC @F536@
1 FAMS @F540@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1124@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XVI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 AUG 1754
2 PLAC Versailles, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 JAN 1793
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 FAMC @F540@
1 FAMS @F541@
1 NOTE Louis XVI (1754-93), king of France (1774-92), who lost his throne in the 
2 CONT French Revolution and was later beheaded by the revolutionary regime. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Louis was born at Versailles on August 23, 1754, the grandson of Louis XV. 
2 CONT The deaths of his two elder brothers and of his father, only son of Louis 
2 CONT XV, made the young prince the Dauphin of France in 1765. In 1770 he 
2 CONT married Marie Antoinette, youngest daughter of Archduchess Maria Theresa 
2 CONT of Austria. On Louis's accession, France was impoverished and burdened 
2 CONT with debts, and heavy taxation had resulted in widespread misery among the 
2 CONT French people. Immediately after he was crowned, aided by such capable 
2 CONT statesmen as Finance Minister Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, baron de 
2 CONT l'Aulne, Interior Minister Chrétien Guillaume de Lamoignon de Malesherbes 
2 CONT (1721-94), and Foreign Minister Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes 
2 CONT (1717-87), Louis remitted some of the most oppressive taxes and instituted 
2 CONT financial and judicial reforms. Greater reforms were prevented, however, 
2 CONT by the opposition of the upper classes and the court. So strong was this 
2 CONT opposition that in 1776 Turgot was forced to resign and was replaced by 
2 CONT financier Jacques Necker. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After Louis granted financial aid (1778-81) to the American colonies 
2 CONT revolting against Great Britain in the New World, Necker proposed drastic 
2 CONT taxes on the nobility. He was forced to resign in 1781, and statesman 
2 CONT Charles Alexandre de Calonne (1734-1802), appointed finance minister in 
2 CONT 1783, borrowed money for the court until 1786, when the borrowing limit 
2 CONT was reached. The anger of the French people against taxes and the lavish 
2 CONT spending of the court resulted in 1788 in the recall of Necker, who, 
2 CONT however, could not prevent the bankruptcy of the government. In 1788 Louis 
2 CONT was forced to call for a meeting of the representative governmental body 
2 CONT called the Estates-General, the first gathering of that assembly in 175 
2 CONT years. Once in session, the Estates-General assumed the powers of 
2 CONT government. On July 14, 1789, the Parisian populace razed the Bastille, 
2 CONT and a short time later imprisoned the king and royal family in the palace 
2 CONT of the Tuileries. In 1791 the royal family attempted to escape to Austria, 
2 CONT but they were caught and brought back to Paris. Louis swore obedience to 
2 CONT the new French constitution in 1791, but continued secretly to work 
2 CONT against the revolution and to plot intrigues with France's enemies. In 
2 CONT 1792, when the National Convention, the assembly of elected French 
2 CONT deputies, declared France a republic, the king was tried as a traitor and 
2 CONT condemned to death. Louis XVI was guillotined on January 21, 1793, in the 
2 CONT Place de la Révolution (now Place de la Concorde) in Paris. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Historians consider Louis XVI a victim of circumstances rather than a 
2 CONT despot similar to the former French kings Louis XIV and Louis XV. He was 
2 CONT weak and incapable as king and not overly intelligent. He preferred to 
2 CONT spend his time at hobbies, such as hunting and making locks, rather than 
2 CONT at his duties of state, and he permitted his wife to influence him unduly.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1125@ INDI
1 NAME Marie Antionette //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 NOV 1755
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 OCT 1793
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 FAMC @F542@
1 FAMS @F541@
1 NOTE Marie Antoinette (1755-93), queen consort (1774-92) of Louis XVI of 
2 CONT France; her unpopularity helped discredit the monarchy in the period 
2 CONT before the French Revolution. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Born in Vienna on November 2, 1755, Marie Antoinette was one of the 
2 CONT daughters of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa. Her 
2 CONT marriage (1770) to Louis, the heir to the French throne, was intended to 
2 CONT cement an alliance between France and her parents' dynasty, the Habsburgs 
2 CONT of Austria. She and her husband had a daughter and two sons after he 
2 CONT succeeded to the throne in 1774. Disliked by the French as a foreigner, 
2 CONT she made herself more unpopular by her devotion to the interests of 
2 CONT Austria, the bad reputations of some of her friends, and her extravagance, 
2 CONT which was mistakenly blamed for the financial problems of the French 
2 CONT government. Especially damaging was her supposed connection with the 
2 CONT so-called Diamond Necklace affair, a scandal involving the fraudulent 
2 CONT purchase of some jewels (1785). 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After the outbreak of the Revolution in 1789, Marie Antoinette sided with 
2 CONT the intransigents at court who opposed compromise with the moderate 
2 CONT revolutionaries, and began appealing for help to her brother, Holy Roman 
2 CONT Emperor Leopold II. Marie and Louis tried to escape from Paris with their 
2 CONT surviving son in 1791, but were captured and brought back prisoners. In 
2 CONT 1792 the monarchy was overthrown, and after the execution of the king and 
2 CONT separation from her son, she was sent before the revolutionary tribunal 
2 CONT the following year. Sentenced to death for treason, she was guillotined in 
2 CONT Paris on October 16, 1793.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1126@ INDI
1 NAME Francis I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1708
2 PLAC Nancy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1765
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1745/1765
1 FAMC @F543@
1 FAMS @F542@
1 NOTE Francis I (Holy Roman Empire), originally Francis Stephen (1708-65), Holy 
2 CONT Roman emperor (1745-65), born in Nancy in the duchy of Lorraine, and 
2 CONT educated in Vienna. The son of Leopold, duke of Lorraine (reigned 
2 CONT 1697-1729), Francis succeeded his father in 1729, but ceded Lorraine in 
2 CONT 1737 to Stanislas I Leszczynski, king of Poland, in exchange for the Grand 
2 CONT Duchy of Tuscany. Francis married Maria Theresa, archduchess of Austria, 
2 CONT in 1736 and with her ruled (1740-45) the Habsburg hereditary dominions. In 
2 CONT 1745, through the influence of his wife, he became Holy Roman emperor. 
2 CONT Francis took little active part, however, in government, leaving that to 
2 CONT Maria Theresa. From the time of their marriage, the Austrian dynasty 
2 CONT became known as the house of Habsburg-Lorraine.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1127@ INDI
1 NAME Maria Theresa //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Archduchess of Austria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 MAY 1717
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 NOV 1780
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 FAMC @F544@
1 FAMS @F542@
1 NOTE Maria Theresa (1717-80), archduchess of Austria and queen of Hungary and 
2 CONT Bohemia (1740-80), who strengthened and unified the Austrian monarchy in 
2 CONT the 18th century. Born in Vienna on May 13, 1717, she was the daughter of 
2 CONT Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI. In 1736 she married Francis Stephen of 
2 CONT Lorraine (later Holy Roman Emperor Francis I), and the couple eventually 
2 CONT had 16 children, including two future emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II, 
2 CONT and Marie Antoinette, later queen of France. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Succession and Rule
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charles VI's efforts to guarantee Maria Theresa's succession as ruler of 
2 CONT the Habsburg dominions led to the War of the Austrian Succession (see 
2 CONT Austrian Succession, War of the). The war lost her Austrian Silesia, but 
2 CONT she was able to retain her other dominions, and in 1745 she acquired the 
2 CONT title of Holy Roman emperor for her husband. In the years after the war 
2 CONT Maria Theresa accomplished sweeping internal reforms that strengthened her 
2 CONT central administration and revitalized the army. With her state 
2 CONT chancellor, Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz, she also drastically reordered 
2 CONT Austria's foreign policy, abandoning the traditional alignment with Great 
2 CONT Britain in favor of collaboration with France and Russia against Prussia. 
2 CONT After trying without success to reconquer Silesia in the Seven Years' War 
2 CONT (1756-63), she turned to a more pacific policy. On the advice of Kaunitz 
2 CONT and her son Joseph, however, she participated in the first partition of 
2 CONT Poland (1772), thereby acquiring Galicia. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After Francis's death in 1765 Maria Theresa recognized Joseph as coregent 
2 CONT but retained ultimate authority for herself. She largely resisted her 
2 CONT son's desires for further internal reforms, although she did abolish 
2 CONT serfdom on crown lands. Often pondering abdication, she always demurred 
2 CONT because she considered Joseph too rash, particularly in his religious 
2 CONT policies. She died on November 29, 1780, in Vienna. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Evaluation
2 CONT 
2 CONT Pious and faithful but unfriendly toward the Enlightenment, Maria Theresa 
2 CONT has often been dismissed as a traditional dynast. Her actions derived from 
2 CONT a conviction that she held a trust from God and from a maternalistic 
2 CONT conception of her responsibilities. She was, however, intensely pragmatic, 
2 CONT conscious of the obligations of power, and a shrewd judge of her 
2 CONT ministers.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR McGill, J. Rev.
0 @I1128@ INDI
1 NAME Leopold II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1747
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1792
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1790/1792
1 FAMC @F542@
1 FAMS @F706@
1 NOTE Leopold II (Holy Roman Empire) (1747-92), Holy Roman emperor (1790-92), 
2 CONT son of Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa and brother of Emperor Joseph 
2 CONT II and Queen Marie Antoinette of France. He was born in Vienna. On the 
2 CONT death of his father in 1765, he became the grand duke of Tuscany. Imbued 
2 CONT with the ideas of the Enlightenment, he reformed the government of the 
2 CONT grand duchy, dismantling feudal institutions and rationalizing taxation 
2 CONT and finances. In 1790 he succeeded his brother as emperor. During his 
2 CONT brief reign, his sister was deposed by the French revolutionists, and he 
2 CONT formed (1792) a military alliance with Prussia against France. He was 
2 CONT succeeded by his son Francis II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1129@ INDI
1 NAME Leopold //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Lorraine
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1729
1 FAMS @F543@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1130@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 MAR 1741
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 FEB 1790
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1765/1790
1 FAMC @F542@
1 NOTE Joseph II (1741-90), Holy Roman emperor (1765-90), who tried 
2 CONT unsuccessfully to reform and unify the Austrian Habsburg domains. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The eldest son of Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa, Joseph was 
2 CONT born in Vienna on March 13, 1741. He became emperor and coruler of the 
2 CONT Austrian lands with his mother when Francis died in 1765. During this 
2 CONT period he worked with state chancellor W. A. von Kaunitz to expand 
2 CONT Habsburg power, acquiring Galicia from Poland (1772) and Bukovina from 
2 CONT Turkey (1775). His attempt to annex Lower Bavaria, however, was thwarted 
2 CONT by Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT As sole ruler after Maria Theresa's death in 1780, Joseph embarked on a 
2 CONT thorough reform of church and state in accordance with the rational 
2 CONT principles of the 18th-century Enlightenment. He granted religious 
2 CONT toleration to Protestants, ended discriminatory laws against Jews, and 
2 CONT drastically reorganized the predominant Roman Catholic church, closing 
2 CONT many monasteries, subjecting the education of priests to state control, 
2 CONT and limiting the power of the pope to intervene in Austria. Joseph 
2 CONT eliminated most forms of censorship, freed the serfs, separated the 
2 CONT executive from the judiciary, and promulgated a new law code. To unify the 
2 CONT administration of the various Habsburg realms, he abolished numerous 
2 CONT organs of local government and tried to impose the German language on his 
2 CONT Hungarian and Slavic subjects. In foreign affairs Joseph maintained close 
2 CONT ties with Russia. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Joseph's reforms met with resistance in many quarters, and before his 
2 CONT death in Vienna on February 20, 1790, he was forced to rescind many of 
2 CONT them.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1131@ INDI
1 NAME Charles VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1685
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1740
1 FAMC @F545@
1 FAMS @F544@
1 NOTE Also, as Charles III, king of Hungary (1712-40).  When Charles II, king of 
2 CONT Spain, died childless in 1700, Leopold proclaimed his son king of Spain in 
2 CONT opposition to Duke Philip of Anjou, who had been willed the Spanish 
2 CONT throne. Philip became king as Philip V and thus precipitated the War of 
2 CONT the Spanish Succession (1701-14). Charles had numerous allies and Philip 
2 CONT was aided only by France, but after alternate successes and reverses 
2 CONT Charles renounced his claim to Spain in the treaties of Rastatt and Baden 
2 CONT (1714). In 1711 Charles had succeeded his brother Joseph I as Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor; in 1713 he issued the Pragmatic Sanction to secure the succession 
2 CONT of his daughter Maria Theresa in the event that he should die without a 
2 CONT male heir. In 1716 the emperor renewed an alliance with Venice and entered 
2 CONT into successful warfare against the Turks, with the help of his able 
2 CONT general, Prince Eugene of Savoy. By the Treaty of Passarowitz (1718), 
2 CONT Charles gained control of parts of Serbia and Wallachia (in present-day 
2 CONT Yugoslavia and Romania). In 1733, he engaged unsuccessfully in the War of 
2 CONT the Polish Succession. Under the Treaty of Vienna (1738), which terminated 
2 CONT that conflict, he ceded to Spain the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily in 
2 CONT exchange for the duchies of Parma and Piacenza. During a second war with 
2 CONT the Turks from 1737 to 1739, Charles lost most of the territory he had won 
2 CONT in 1718. He was succeeded by Maria Theresa, but her right to the throne 
2 CONT was contested in the War of the Austrian Succession.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1132@ INDI
1 NAME Leopold I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia & Hungary
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1640
2 PLAC Vienna, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 MAY 1705
1 FAMC @F546@
1 FAMS @F545@
1 NOTE Leopold I (Holy Roman Empire) (1640-1705), Holy Roman emperor (1658-1705), 
2 CONT king of Bohemia (1656-1705), and king of Hungary (1655-87), who extended 
2 CONT the Habsburg possessions, created a standing imperial army, and 
2 CONT consolidated the central Austrian administration. He was born in Vienna, 
2 CONT the son of Emperor Ferdinand III. His reign was marked by wars, 
2 CONT particularly against the Ottoman Turks and France. The first war against 
2 CONT the Turks was concluded by a compromise in 1664, but when the Turks 
2 CONT besieged Vienna in 1683, they were defeated by John III Sobieski of 
2 CONT Poland, leading the combined Polish and imperial forces. Leopold's 
2 CONT general, Prince Eugene of Savoy, finally defeated the Turks at Senta in 
2 CONT 1697, and the Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) acknowledged Habsburg control 
2 CONT over virtually all Hungary. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Leopold's wars with France were less successful. The first ended in the 
2 CONT Treaty of Nijmegen (1679), which enhanced Louis XIV's power. Leopold later 
2 CONT joined the League of Augsburg and the Grand Alliance against France. Peace 
2 CONT was ultimately made by the Treaty of Ryswick (1697), but four years later 
2 CONT Leopold was again embroiled with France in the War of the Spanish 
2 CONT Succession (1701-14). He did not, however, live to see it to a conclusion; 
2 CONT he died on May 5, 1705, and was succeeded by his son, Joseph I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1133@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1678
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1711
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1705/1711
1 FAMC @F545@
1 NOTE Joseph was crowned king of Hungary in 1687 and succeeded to the imperial 
2 CONT throne and that of Bohemia when his father died. He continued the War of 
2 CONT the Spanish Succession, begun by Leopold, against Louis XIV of France, in 
2 CONT a fruitless attempt to make his brother Charles (later Charles VI, Holy 
2 CONT Roman emperor) king of Spain; in the process, however, owing to the 
2 CONT victories won by his military commander, Prince Eugene of Savoy, he did 
2 CONT succeed in establishing Austrian hegemony over Italy. Joseph also had to 
2 CONT contend with a protracted revolt in Hungary, fomented by Louis XIV. 
2 CONT Neither conflict was resolved until after his death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1134@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia & Hungary
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1608
2 PLAC Graz, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1657
1 FAMC @F547@
1 FAMS @F546@
1 NOTE Ferdinand III (Holy Roman Empire) (1608-57), Holy Roman emperor (1637-57), 
2 CONT king of Hungary (1625-57), and king of Bohemia (1627-57), born in Graz, 
2 CONT Austria, the son of Emperor Ferdinand II. He was educated by Jesuits and 
2 CONT was a noted scholar and musician. Two years after being crowned king of 
2 CONT Hungary, he was made king of Bohemia. He became the nominal commander of 
2 CONT the imperial armies fighting the Thirty Years' War after the Austrian 
2 CONT general Albrecht von Wallenstein was assassinated in 1634. In that 
2 CONT capacity he headed the forces that defeated the Swedes at Nördlingen later 
2 CONT in the year. Ferdinand became Holy Roman emperor upon his father's death 
2 CONT in 1637. He was willing to end the Thirty Years' War but was checked by 
2 CONT his desire to proceed in concert with Roman Catholic Spain. He refused to 
2 CONT accept the proposal made by the diet of Regensburg in 1640 for a general 
2 CONT amnesty to Protestants. In 1648, however, he signed the Peace of 
2 CONT Westphalia, which decreed that the prevailing religion in each part of the 
2 CONT empire should be determined by the ruler of that part. Because Ferdinand 
2 CONT was a Roman Catholic, and his religion was permitted by the terms of the 
2 CONT peace to dominate in his hereditary dominions, the Protestants there were 
2 CONT not accorded religious freedom. In 1656 he dispatched an army to Italy to 
2 CONT aid Spain against France and in the following year entered into an 
2 CONT alliance with Poland against Sweden.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1135@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia & Hungary
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1578
2 PLAC Graz, Austria
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1637
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1619/1637
1 FAMC @F4132@
1 FAMS @F547@
1 NOTE COMMENT: It is not sure if Matthias is his father or not.  
2 CONT 
2 CONT Ferdinand II (Holy Roman Empire) (1578-1637), Holy Roman emperor 
2 CONT (1619-37), king of Bohemia (1617-19), and king of Hungary (1621-25). He 
2 CONT was born in Graz, Austria, the grandson of Emperor Ferdinand I, and was 
2 CONT educated by Jesuits, from whom he acquired a deep antipathy toward 
2 CONT Protestantism. Fearing that leadership by a militant Roman Catholic would 
2 CONT endanger their religious and possibly their civil rights, the Bohemians 
2 CONT rejected King Ferdinand in 1619, replacing him with Frederick V, elector 
2 CONT of the Rhenish Palatinate (1596-1632). This action by the Bohemian nobles 
2 CONT initiated the Thirty Years' War. Allied with Bavaria and the Catholic 
2 CONT League, Ferdinand, who had become Holy Roman emperor in 1619, defeated the 
2 CONT Bohemians at the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, deposing Frederick and 
2 CONT sending him into exile. Ferdinand was waging war simultaneously against a 
2 CONT force of Hungarian Protestants led by Gabriel Bethlen. Following his 
2 CONT victory Ferdinand negotiated with Bethlen and secured the title of king of 
2 CONT Hungary. The imperial forces, commanded by the count of Tilly and Albrecht 
2 CONT von Wallenstein, were successful in the war against the Protestant forces 
2 CONT in Germany in 1625. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT By 1627 Ferdinand had outlawed all religions but Roman Catholicism and had 
2 CONT banished the Protestant laity and clergy from Bohemia. In 1629 the Edict 
2 CONT of Restitution empowered the Roman Catholic church to recover all property 
2 CONT seized by Protestants since the Treaty of Passau had imposed a religious 
2 CONT settlement on Germany in 1552. The edict, however, alienated some of 
2 CONT Ferdinand's allies, and this, together with the assumption of Protestant 
2 CONT King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden and the assassination of Wallenstein, 
2 CONT weakened the imperial authority. Although his armies won the Battle of 
2 CONT Nördlingen in 1634, Ferdinand was unable to carry out his plan to repress 
2 CONT Protestantism throughout the empire. The termination of the Thirty Years' 
2 CONT War was left to his son Ferdinand III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1136@ INDI
1 NAME Maximilian II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1527
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1576
1 FAMC @F549@
1 FAMS @F548@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1137@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F499@
1 FAMS @F550@
0 @I1138@ INDI
1 NAME Louis II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Hungary & Bohemia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1506
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1526
1 FAMC @F552@
1 FAMS @F550@
1 NOTE Louis II (of Hungary and Bohemia), in Hungarian, Lajos II (1506-26), king 
2 CONT of Hungary (1516-26) and Bohemia (1509-26), son and successor of King 
2 CONT Ladislas II (1456-1516) of Bohemia and Hungary. Louis assumed actual 
2 CONT control of state affairs in 1516, but he was not formally declared king 
2 CONT until he came of age in 1521. Weak both in physique and in character, he 
2 CONT was an ineffectual sovereign. He surrendered Belgrade to the Turks in 1521 
2 CONT and lost the Battle of Mohács to them in 1526.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1139@ INDI
1 NAME Ernest of Habsburg //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Styria & Carinthia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1377
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1428
1 FAMS @F551@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1140@ INDI
1 NAME Ladislas II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Hungary & Bohemia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1456
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1516
1 FAMS @F552@
0 @I1141@ INDI
1 NAME Artan //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F2500@
1 SOUR Scotclan.txt *z
0 @I1142@ INDI
1 NAME Louise //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Savoy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1476
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1531
1 FAMS @F554@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1143@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Navarre
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1492
2 PLAC Angouleme, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1549
1 FAMC @F554@
1 FAMS @F555@
1 FAMS @F556@
1 NOTE Margaret of Navarre, also Marguerite d'Angoulęme (1492-1549), queen of 
2 CONT Navarre, and sister of King Francis I of France, born in Angoulęme, 
2 CONT France. In 1527, after the death of her husband, Charles IV, duc d'Alençon 
2 CONT (1489-1525), Margaret married King Henry II (1503-55) of Navarre, to whom 
2 CONT she bore Jeanne d'Albret (1528-72), the mother of King Henry IV of France. 
2 CONT Margaret was a defender and a patron of such French humanists and men of 
2 CONT letters as the biblical scholar Jacques Lefčvre d'Étaples (circa 
2 CONT 1461-1536), the satirist François Rabelais, and the poet Clément Marot, 
2 CONT whom she welcomed to her court. The queen strongly reflected the spirit of 
2 CONT the French Renaissance in her espousal of church reform and religious 
2 CONT liberty and through her own writings; her major work was The Heptameron 
2 CONT (1558; trans. 1905), a collection of about 70 stories that are similar in 
2 CONT structure to The Decameron by the Italian author Giovanni Boccaccio.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1144@ INDI
1 NAME Charles IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL duc d'Alencan
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1489
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1525
1 FAMS @F555@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1145@ INDI
1 NAME Henry II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Navarre
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1503
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1555
1 FAMS @F556@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1146@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella /FARNEST/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1692
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1760
1 FAMS @F557@
0 @I1147@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1713
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1759
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1746/1759
1 FAMC @F557@
1 NOTE Ferdinand VI, called The Learned (1713-59), king of Spain (1746-59). He 
2 CONT was the son of King Philip V. Although he was the first Ferdinand of the 
2 CONT united kingdom of Spain, he numbered himself after Ferdinand V, king of 
2 CONT Castile. Ferdinand VI abandoned the old Spanish policy of foreign 
2 CONT entanglements and kept Spain neutral during the early part of the Seven 
2 CONT Years' War. He also promoted internal welfare by encouraging industry, and 
2 CONT he reorganized the navy.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1148@ INDI
1 NAME Charles III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1716
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1788
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1759/1788
1 FAMC @F557@
1 FAMS @F558@
1 NOTE He was also Charles IV, king of the Two Sicilies (1734-59).  Charles 
2 CONT became duke of Parma in 1731. In that capacity he conquered the kingdom of 
2 CONT the Two Sicilies, which he ruled as Charles IV. During his rule of Spain, 
2 CONT Charles promoted agriculture and commerce, established military academies, 
2 CONT strengthened the navy, reformed the fiscal administration, curbed the 
2 CONT Inquisition, and expelled the Jesuits. His friendship with France and 
2 CONT hostility toward Great Britain led to the alliance in support of the 
2 CONT American Revolution.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1149@ INDI
1 NAME Charles IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1748
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1819
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1788
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1808
1 FAMC @F558@
1 FAMS @F559@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1150@ INDI
1 NAME Maria Louisa //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Parma, Princess
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1751
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1816
1 FAMS @F559@
0 @I1151@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1784
2 PLAC Escorial, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 SEP 1833
2 PLAC Madrid, Spain
1 FAMC @F559@
1 FAMS @F560@
1 NOTE Ferdinand VII (1784-1833), king of Spain (1808 and 1814-33), whose reign 
2 CONT was one of the most disastrous in Spanish history. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Born in the Escorial, near Madrid, on October 14, 1784, Ferdinand was the 
2 CONT son of Charles IV. He opposed the powerful Spanish minister Manuel de 
2 CONT Godoy (1767-1851), who, after the death of Ferdinand's first wife in 1806, 
2 CONT tried to force the marriage of the prince to a daughter of the late Louis 
2 CONT XVI of France. When Ferdinand instead proposed to a niece of Napoleon, 
2 CONT Godoy persuaded Charles to arrest his son for plotting to overthrow him. 
2 CONT Exploiting the situation, Napoleon invaded Spain. When a mob stormed the 
2 CONT royal palace, demanding the death of Godoy, the king, wholly dependent on 
2 CONT his minister, abdicated in favor of Ferdinand. Napoleon, however, had 
2 CONT other plans. Intending the Spanish crown for his brother, Joseph 
2 CONT Bonaparte, he invited Ferdinand to France, where he imprisoned him and 
2 CONT forced him to return the throne to his father. Charles IV then 
2 CONT obsequiously presented the Spanish crown to the French emperor. Ferdinand 
2 CONT remained a prisoner until 1813, when Napoleon, after the Peninsular War, 
2 CONT realized that Spain was lost to him. He then released Ferdinand, who 
2 CONT reascended the throne in 1814. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Ferdinand's rule was harsh and oppressive. In 1820, after several revolts, 
2 CONT a full-scale revolution broke out, instigated by liberal elements and 
2 CONT aided by the army. The liberal constitution of 1812, which the king had 
2 CONT set aside, was restored, and Ferdinand was imprisoned. In 1823, however, 
2 CONT the Holy Alliance sent a powerful French army to Spain, which restored 
2 CONT Ferdinand to the throne. In 1829 Ferdinand married his fourth wife, Maria 
2 CONT Christina of Naples (1806-78). Under her influence he abolished (1830) the 
2 CONT pragmatic sanction of the Salic Law, which passed succession to the 
2 CONT Spanish throne through males of the royal family. This act deprived 
2 CONT Ferdinand's brother, Don Carlos (1788-1855), of the throne and later led 
2 CONT to years of civil war. On Ferdinand's death in Madrid on September 29, 
2 CONT 1833, his daughter, Isabella II, was proclaimed queen, with her mother, 
2 CONT Maria Christina, as regent. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During Ferdinand's reign, Spain lost its colonies in North and South 
2 CONT America (except for Cuba and Puerto Rico) and suffered great loss of 
2 CONT prestige as a European power.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1152@ INDI
1 NAME Maria Christina //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Naples
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1806
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1878
1 FAMS @F560@
0 @I1153@ INDI
1 NAME Don Carlos //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1788
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1855
1 FAMC @F559@
0 @I1154@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella II //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1830
2 PLAC Madrid, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1904
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1833/1868
1 FAMC @F560@
1 FAMS @F561@
1 NOTE Isabella II (1830-1904), queen of Spain, (1833-68), the daughter of King 
2 CONT Ferdinand VII by his fourth wife, born in Madrid. She was made heir 
2 CONT apparent by a decree that set aside the Salic Law forbidding the 
2 CONT succession of a woman, and ascended the throne on the death of her father 
2 CONT in 1833, her mother Maria Christina (1806-78) being appointed queen 
2 CONT regent. An insurrection in favor of her uncle, Don Carlos (1788-1855), 
2 CONT raged with great violence until the Carlists were defeated in 1839. In 
2 CONT 1846 the queen married her cousin, Don Francisco de Asís (1822-1902). From 
2 CONT the time she was declared of age in 1843, Isabella's reign was troubled by 
2 CONT intrigues, civil strife, and great political instability. Deposed in the 
2 CONT Revolution of 1868, she escaped to France. In 1870 Isabella abdicated in 
2 CONT favor of her son, Alfonso, who eventually succeeded to the throne in 1875 
2 CONT as Alfonso XII.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1155@ INDI
1 NAME Don Francisco /DE ASIS/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1822
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1902
1 FAMS @F561@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1156@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso XII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1857
2 PLAC Madrid, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1885
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1870/1885
1 FAMC @F561@
1 FAMS @F562@
1 NOTE Alfonso XII (1857-85), king of Spain (1870-85), born in Madrid. His 
2 CONT mother, Queen Isabella II, took him with her from Spain when she was 
2 CONT deposed in the Revolution of 1868. He was educated in Paris, Vienna, and 
2 CONT Sandhurst, England. Isabella formally abdicated in favor of her son in 
2 CONT 1870, but he did not return to Spain to take up his royal duties until 
2 CONT 1875, when the monarchist general Arsenio Martínez de Campos (1831-1900) 
2 CONT summoned him to the throne. In 1876 Alfonso suppressed the last of the 
2 CONT Carlists that is, those who supported the claim of the descendants of Don 
2 CONT Carlos (1788-1855) to the Spanish throne. In the same year he ordered the 
2 CONT Cortes, the representative assembly, to draft a new constitution that 
2 CONT introduced a two-party system on the English model into Spanish politics. 
2 CONT Throughout his reign Alfonso was greatly influenced by his prime minister, 
2 CONT Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828-97). His untimely death was followed by 
2 CONT the long, troubled regency of his second wife, Maria Christina of Austria 
2 CONT (1858-1929).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1157@ INDI
1 NAME Maria Christina //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Austria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1858
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1929
1 FAMS @F562@
0 @I1158@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso XIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1886
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1941
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1886/1931
1 FAMC @F562@
1 FAMS @F563@
1 NOTE Alfonso XIII (1886-1941), king of Spain (1886-1931), whose reign was 
2 CONT marked by revolutionary, antidynastic uprisings, notably in Madrid and 
2 CONT Barcelona from 1909 to 1911. He was the posthumous son of King Alfonso 
2 CONT XII. Until he attained his majority in 1902, his mother, Queen Maria 
2 CONT Christina (1858-1929), acted as regent. The principal event of this period 
2 CONT was the Spanish-American War, in which Spain lost the Philippines and all 
2 CONT its possessions in the New World. Alfonso pursued a neutral policy during 
2 CONT World War I (1914-18), but was blamed for Spanish defeats in Morocco in 
2 CONT 1921. From 1923 to 1930, he associated himself with the unpopular 
2 CONT dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera. Following a period marked by 
2 CONT strikes and riots, Alfonso was forced to flee Spain in 1931; he spent the 
2 CONT rest of his life in exile.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1159@ INDI
1 NAME Don Juan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUN 1913
2 PLAC San Ildefonso, Spain
1 FAMC @F563@
1 FAMS @F564@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1160@ INDI
1 NAME Juan Carlos //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1938
2 PLAC Rome, Italy
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1975
1 FAMC @F564@
1 FAMS @F565@
1 NOTE He returned the country to democracy after the long dictatorship of 
2 CONT General Francisco Franco. The grandson of King Alfonso XIII, he was 
2 CONT educated in Switzerland and Madrid.  Carefully groomed for his succession 
2 CONT by Franco, Juan Carlos was proclaimed heir to the throne in 1969 and 
2 CONT became king after Franco's death in 1975. Favoring gradual democratic 
2 CONT reform, he instituted a parliamentary government based on a new 
2 CONT constitution that was popularly approved in 1978. His son, Prince Felipe, 
2 CONT officially became heir to the throne on his eighteenth birthday.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1161@ INDI
1 NAME Sofia //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Greece
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1938
1 FAMC @F517@
1 FAMS @F565@
0 @I1162@ INDI
1 NAME Felipe //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Crown Prince of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1968
1 FAMC @F565@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1163@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XVII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1785
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1795
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 FAMC @F541@
1 NOTE Eight-year-old Louis XVII was recognized as king by French Royalists after 
2 CONT his father's execution during the French Revolution. According to official 
2 CONT reports, he died of tuberculosis while a prisoner of the Republican 
2 CONT government in Paris. Many believed that he had escaped, however, and more 
2 CONT than 30 people later claimed to be the "Lost Dauphin."
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1164@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XVIII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1755
2 PLAC Versailles, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1825
1 FAMC @F540@
1 NOTE Louis XVIII (1755-1824), king of France (1814-15, 1815-24); he ascended 
2 CONT the throne when the monarchy was restored after the overthrow of Napoleon 
2 CONT and ruled as a constitutional sovereign. Born in Versailles, he was the 
2 CONT brother of Louis XVI of France and in early life was known as the comte de 
2 CONT Provence. He remained in Paris after the outbreak of the French Revolution 
2 CONT in 1789 but escaped to Belgium two years later. After Louis XVI's 
2 CONT execution in 1793 he proclaimed himself regent, and after the death of his 
2 CONT brother's heir, Louis XVII, in 1795, he took the title Louis XVIII. He 
2 CONT lived as an exile in various European countries until he became king after 
2 CONT Napoleon's first abdication in 1814. On Napoleon's return to power in 
2 CONT 1815, however, Louis again fled to Belgium; later the same year he was 
2 CONT restored to the throne after Napoleon's final defeat at Waterloo. The 
2 CONT Charter, or constitution, that he promulgated in 1814 established a 
2 CONT bicameral legislature, property qualifications for voters, and limitations 
2 CONT on freedom of the press. Beginning in 1816, Louis, influenced by his 
2 CONT liberal minister Élie Decazes (1780-1860), experimented with extending the 
2 CONT franchise and easing censorship. After 1820 he was increasingly dominated 
2 CONT by the reactionary Ultras, led by his brother, who succeeded to the throne 
2 CONT as Charles X on Louis's death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1165@ INDI
1 NAME Charles X //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1757
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1836
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1824/1830
1 FAMC @F540@
1 NOTE Charles X (1757-1836), king of France (1824-30). He was the grandson of 
2 CONT Louis XV and younger brother of kings Louis XVI and Louis XVIII. Charles 
2 CONT was known as Charles Philippe, comte d'Artois, until he became king. 
2 CONT During the French Revolution he was one of the leaders of the émigrés. He 
2 CONT subsequently lived (1795-1814) in Great Britain. After the accession 
2 CONT (1814) of Louis XVIII to the French throne, Charles returned to France, 
2 CONT where he headed the ultraroyalist party of reaction. His favoritism during 
2 CONT his reign toward the Roman Catholic church and the aristocracy aroused 
2 CONT great opposition, leading to the revolution of July 1830. Charles was 
2 CONT forced to abdicate and again went into exile in Great Britain. Later he 
2 CONT lived on the Continent.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1166@ INDI
1 NAME Francoise Marie /DE BLOIS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1677
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1749
1 FAMS @F568@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1167@ INDI
1 NAME Philippe //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duc de Chartes, Regent
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1674
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1723
1 FAMC @F566@
1 FAMS @F568@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1168@ INDI
1 NAME Louis d'Orléans //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1752
1 FAMC @F568@
1 FAMS @F569@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1169@ INDI
1 NAME Louis-Philippe //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1785
1 FAMC @F569@
1 FAMS @F570@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1170@ INDI
1 NAME Louis-Philippe Joseph //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duc d'Orléans
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1747
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1793
1 FAMC @F570@
1 FAMS @F571@
1 NOTE He was a French nobleman, cousin of King Louis XVI, who during the French 
2 CONT Revolution adopted the name Philippe Égalité. Before the Revolution, he 
2 CONT distributed books and papers throughout France advocating liberal ideas. 
2 CONT in June 1789, during the meeting of the Estates-General summoned by the 
2 CONT king, he led the 47 nobles who seceded from their own order to join the 
2 CONT revolutionary third estate. He was elected to the National Convention and 
2 CONT voted for the death of Louis XVI. In 1793, during the Reign of Terror, he 
2 CONT was guillotined. His son Louis Philippe became king of France in 1830.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1171@ INDI
1 NAME Louis Philippe //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1773
2 PLAC Palace Royal, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1850
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1830/1848
1 FAMC @F571@
1 FAMS @F3471@
1 NOTE He was called the Citizen King.  Louis Philippe belonged to the house of 
2 CONT Bourbon-Orléans, a branch of the French royal family stemming from 
2 CONT Philippe I, duc d'Orléans, the brother of King Louis XIV. From his birth 
2 CONT until 1785 Louis Philippe was known as the duc de Valois and subsequently 
2 CONT as the duc de Chartres until 1793, when his father was guillotined, and he 
2 CONT succeeded him as duc d'Orléans. Like his father, he was in sympathy with 
2 CONT the French Revolution, the upheaval in France that resulted in the 
2 CONT establishment of the First Republic, and in 1790 he joined the Jacobins, 
2 CONT members of a French radical political club. Two years later, at the age of 
2 CONT 18, he was given a command in the revolutionary army and, as a colonel, 
2 CONT fought at the battles of Valmy and Jemappes. After the defeat of the 
2 CONT French army by the Austrians at the Battle of Neerwinden, Holland, in 
2 CONT 1793, Louis Philippe was implicated with his superior officer, the French 
2 CONT general Charles François Dumouriez (1739-1823), in a plot against the 
2 CONT republic, and he fled to Switzerland. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After the execution of his father by the French Revolutionary Tribunal, 
2 CONT Louis Philippe became the central figure about whom his supporters, the 
2 CONT Orléanist party, rallied; he did not actively enter into the intrigues for 
2 CONT restoring the monarchy, however, and during the regime of the Directory 
2 CONT and that of Napoleon, Louis Philippe remained outside France, traveling in 
2 CONT Scandinavia, the United States (where he lived for four years in 
2 CONT Philadelphia), and England. He also visited Sicily at the invitation of 
2 CONT Ferdinand I, king of the Two Sicilies, and in 1809 he married the king's 
2 CONT daughter Maria Amelia.
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1814, after the abdication of Napoleon, he returned to France and was 
2 CONT welcomed by King Louis XVIII, who restored to him the Orléans estates. By 
2 CONT the late 1820s, however, under the autocratic rule of Louis XVIII's 
2 CONT brother and successor, Charles X, the last of the Bourbon monarchs, the 
2 CONT French middle and lower classes were growing restive. Louis Philippe was 
2 CONT by this time the favorite of those Republican leaders who feared to arouse 
2 CONT the opposition of all Europe by establishing a republic, and hoped that 
2 CONT Louis Philippe would govern according to popular will. In 1830, by the 
2 CONT July Revolution that overthrew Charles X and the Bourbon dynasty in 
2 CONT France, Louis Philippe was proclaimed king by the Chamber of Deputies. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT At first Louis Philippe was content to rule as a citizen king and to 
2 CONT conciliate the Republicans who had helped bring him to power; he also 
2 CONT dispensed with many royal privileges. Gradually, however, while remaining 
2 CONT a constitutional monarch, he became more authoritarian, seeking not only 
2 CONT to establish the Bourbon-Orléans dynasty in France but also to consolidate 
2 CONT his position among the sovereigns of Europe. He arranged for the marriage 
2 CONT of his daughter Louise to Léopold I, king of the Belgians. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT The last years of his reign were marked by corruption in domestic affairs 
2 CONT and by lethargy in foreign affairs. Louis Philippe, having tried to win 
2 CONT the favor of both the democratic and authoritarian elements, was at last 
2 CONT deserted by both sides and was deposed by the Revolution of 1848, which 
2 CONT led to the formation in France of the Second Republic (1848-52) and the 
2 CONT rise of Louis Napoleon, later Napoleon III, emperor of France. After his 
2 CONT abdication Louis Philippe lived with his family in England.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1172@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1818
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1881
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1855
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1881
1 FAMC @F573@
1 FAMS @F572@
1 NOTE Alexander II (of Russia) (1818-81), emperor of Russia (1855-81), son of 
2 CONT Emperor Nicholas I and nephew of Alexander I. He ascended the throne 
2 CONT during the Crimean War and in 1856 signed the Treaty of Paris, which 
2 CONT brought the hostilities to an end. After establishing committees to study 
2 CONT the need for reform, Alexander II abolished serfdom throughout Russia in 
2 CONT 1861. He also abolished corporal punishment, established local 
2 CONT self-government, initiated judicial reform, revised the educational 
2 CONT system, and developed a system of universal military service. Under his 
2 CONT rule the administration of the police was greatly improved, and military 
2 CONT operations in Central Asia and in a war with Turkey (1877-78) were highly 
2 CONT successful. The Russian possessions in North America, now constituting the 
2 CONT state of Alaska, were sold to the United States in 1867. Alexander was 
2 CONT assassinated by a bomb thrown into his carriage by a member of a 
2 CONT revolutionary group, the Narodnaya Volya (People's Will).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1173@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 MAY 1868
2 PLAC Tsarskoye Selo, Russia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 JUL 1918
2 PLAC Ekaterninburg, Russia
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1894/1917
1 FAMC @F508@
1 NOTE Nicholas II (1868-1918), emperor of Russia (1894-1917); one of the major 
2 CONT European leaders of the pre-World War I era, he was deposed by the Russian 
2 CONT Revolution of 1917. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The eldest son of Emperor Alexander III, Nicholas was born at Tsarskoye 
2 CONT Selo (now Pushkin) on May 18, 1868. Educated privately, he was married in 
2 CONT 1894 to Alix of Hesse-Darmstadt (1872-1918), a German princess who took 
2 CONT the name Alexandra when she converted to Russian Orthodoxy. In the same 
2 CONT year his father died, and he succeeded to the throne. Believing firmly in 
2 CONT his duty to preserve absolute power in the Russian monarchy, he opposed 
2 CONT any concessions to those favoring more democracy in government, but had 
2 CONT little talent for leadership himself. He tended to rely for advice on his 
2 CONT wife, to whom he was devoted, and was influenced by her mystical beliefs. 
2 CONT Nicholas's interest in Russian expansion in the Far East was one of the 
2 CONT contributory causes of the disastrous Russo-Japanese War (1904-05), which 
2 CONT in turn helped touch off the Russian Revolution of 1905. Forced by the 
2 CONT revolution to assent to constitutional monarchy, he nevertheless continued 
2 CONT to believe he was responsible only to God. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT An advocate of international cooperation, Nicholas sponsored the Hague 
2 CONT Conferences, which created the Permanent Court of Arbitration and 
2 CONT formulated rules for the humane conduct of war, but failed to check 
2 CONT Europe's growing arms race. Despite his personally friendly relations with 
2 CONT his cousin, William II of Germany, their two countries were on opposite 
2 CONT sides when World War I broke out in 1914. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Russia's defeats and the suffering caused by the war among the people were 
2 CONT blamed on Nicholas, especially after he assumed personal command of the 
2 CONT army in 1915. Forced to abdicate in March 1917, Nicholas was held captive 
2 CONT by the Bolsheviks until executed, along with his family, at Ekaterinburg 
2 CONT on the night of July 16-17, 1918.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1174@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1796
2 PLAC Tsarskoye Selo
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1855
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1825
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1855
1 FAMC @F574@
1 FAMS @F573@
1 NOTE      Nicholas I (1796-1855), emperor of Russia (1825-55), third son of 
2 CONT Emperor Paul I (1754-1801), born in Tsarskoye Selo (now Pushkin). On the 
2 CONT death of his eldest brother, Emperor Alexander I, Nicholas came to the 
2 CONT throne after suppressing the Decembrist revolt, staged by reform-minded 
2 CONT army officers who favored the accession of his brother Constantine. His 
2 CONT domestic policy was autocratic and his foreign policy aggressive. He 
2 CONT introduced military discipline into the civil service, tried to prevent 
2 CONT the spread of revolutionary ideas by rigid censorship and strict state 
2 CONT control of universities, and sought to promote the Russian language and 
2 CONT religion among his non-Russian subjects. He waged war successfully against 
2 CONT Iran (1826-28) and Turkey (1828-29). During 1830-31 Nicholas crushed 
2 CONT Polish revolts against Russian authority and abolished the Polish 
2 CONT constitution. In 1849 he aided Austria in the suppression of uprisings in 
2 CONT Hungary. His schemes to add more Turkish territory to his domain alarmed 
2 CONT the Western European powers and led to the Russian defeat in the Crimean 
2 CONT War.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1175@ INDI
1 NAME Paul I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1754
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1801
1 FAMC @F830@
1 FAMS @F574@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1176@ INDI
1 NAME Louis X //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1289
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1316
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1314/1316
1 FAMC @F394@
1 FAMS @F575@
1 NOTE Louis X, called The Headstrong (1289-1316), king of France (1314-16), the 
2 CONT son of Philip IV. Influenced by his uncle, Charles de Valois (1270-1325), 
2 CONT he was preoccupied for much of his short reign with unrest among his 
2 CONT nobles, to whom he granted charters confirming their privileges, and with 
2 CONT an indecisive campaign against Flanders that he led in 1315. Louis's 
2 CONT posthumous son, John I, died five days old, and the succession went to 
2 CONT Louis's brother, Philip V.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1177@ INDI
1 NAME John I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 NOV 1316
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 20 NOV 1316
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 BURI
2 PLAC St. Denis, France
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1316
1 FAMC @F575@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1178@ INDI
1 NAME Charles IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1294
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1328
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1322/1328
1 FAMC @F394@
1 NOTE He was also, as Charles I, king of Navarre (1322-28). Called Charles the 
2 CONT Fair.  In 1327 Charles helped his sister Isabella to dethrone her husband, 
2 CONT King Edward II of England. During his reign Charles increased taxation, 
2 CONT exacted burdensome duties, debased the coinage, and confiscated estates. 
2 CONT He died without a male heir, thus ending the direct line of the Capetian 
2 CONT dynasty.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1179@ INDI
1 NAME Claude //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1499
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1524
1 FAMC @F576@
1 FAMS @F488@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1180@ INDI
1 NAME Louis XII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1462
2 PLAC Blois, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1515
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1498/1515
1 FAMC @F658@
1 FAMS @F576@
1 FAMS @F577@
1 FAMS @F659@
1 NOTE Louis XII (1462-1515), king of France (1498-1515), son of Charles, duke of 
2 CONT Orléans, born in Blois. Louis was imprisoned from 1487 to 1490 for 
2 CONT rebellion against King Charles VIII of France. Louis was a popular king, 
2 CONT and his financial and judicial reforms and the mildness of his rule earned 
2 CONT him the epithet Father of the People. He led several armies in Italy, 
2 CONT where he pursued a policy of French aggrandizement from 1499 until a 
2 CONT coalition of powers compelled his withdrawal in 1513. He was succeeded by 
2 CONT his son-in-law, Francis I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1181@ INDI
1 NAME Jeanne //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1505
1 FAMS @F577@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1182@ INDI
1 NAME Piero de' /MEDICI/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1416
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1460
1 FAMC @F579@
1 FAMS @F578@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1183@ INDI
1 NAME Cosimo de' /MEDICI/
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Elder
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1389
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1464
1 FAMC @F580@
1 FAMS @F579@
1 NOTE Medici, Cosimo de' (1389-1464), Italian banker and statesman. Known as 
2 CONT Cosimo the Elder, he succeeded his father, Giovanni (1360-1429), as 
2 CONT director of the family's successful commercial and banking interests and 
2 CONT as leader of the popular faction in Florentine politics. Exiled by the 
2 CONT ruling aristocratic party in 1433, he was recalled the following year and 
2 CONT then assumed virtual control of the government; he secured his position by 
2 CONT banishing some of his enemies and ruining others by excessive taxation. A 
2 CONT shrewd politician, Cosimo avoided holding public office himself, governing 
2 CONT instead through supporters and dependents. His financial acumen benefited 
2 CONT both Florence and his family, and he was probably the wealthiest man in 
2 CONT contemporary Italy. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Cosimo encouraged agriculture, the silk industry, and commerce and sought 
2 CONT to maintain peace in Italy by a balance of power among the major states 
2 CONT and by preventing foreign interference. He actively patronized artists, 
2 CONT architects, and scholars and amassed a fine humanist library. His public 
2 CONT building program set a standard imitated by his family and other rulers.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR D'Amico, John Francis
0 @I1184@ INDI
1 NAME Giovanni de' /MEDICI/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1360
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1429
1 FAMS @F580@
0 @I1185@ INDI
1 NAME Leo X //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Pope
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 DEC 1475
2 PLAC Florence, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 DEC 1525
2 PLAC Rome, Italy
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1513/1525
1 FAMC @F489@
1 NOTE He was among the most extravagant of Renaissance popes. Originally named 
2 CONT Giovanni de' Medici. He was made a cardinal deacon at the age of 13 and 
2 CONT elected pope at 37. He was an able administrator and skillful in politics 
2 CONT and foreign affairs. He succeeded in driving the invading French out of 
2 CONT Italy but in 1515 was defeated by Francis I, king of France. In 1516 the 
2 CONT relations of the papacy with France were settled through a concordat, 
2 CONT whereby the independence of the Gallican church (sometimes referred to as 
2 CONT Gallicanism) was ended. The king, however, received the power to name 
2 CONT bishops and other high church officials, who were then assured of 
2 CONT appointment despite the pope's theoretical power of veto. By Leo's 
2 CONT efforts, the papacy became the dominant political force in Italy. The 
2 CONT Fifth Lateran Council was concluded (1517) in Leo's pontificate; among its 
2 CONT actions were ratification of the concordat with France and the 
2 CONT establishment of a system of book censorship. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Leo was brought up in the Medici tradition of scholarship and appreciation 
2 CONT of arts and letters, and his fame rests more on his role as a patron of 
2 CONT the arts than as an ecclesiastical figure. He spent huge sums on projects 
2 CONT carried out by such masters as Raphael and Bramante. His extravagances as 
2 CONT a patron of arts, as in the rebuilding of Saint Peter's Basilica, and the 
2 CONT pomp of his court were indirectly responsible for the Reformation 
2 CONT movement. The sale of indulgences by the German monk Johann Tetzel and the 
2 CONT indignant response of Martin Luther in 1517 set in motion the upheaval 
2 CONT that created Protestantism. Leo condemned the Lutheran heresies and 
2 CONT excommunicated Luther and his followers in 1520.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1186@ INDI
1 NAME Stephen //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1097
2 PLAC Blois, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 OCT 1154
2 PLAC Dover Castle
1 BURI
2 PLAC Faversham Abbey
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1135/1154
1 FAMC @F581@
1 FAMS @F951@
1 NOTE He was also count of Mortain & Boulogne.  In 1125 Stephen swore fidelity 
2 CONT to Henry I's daughter Matilda, to succeed her father to the throne. Upon 
2 CONT Henry's death, however, Stephen proclaimed himself king. He was opposed by 
2 CONT many English barons and by Matilda and her supporters, and his reign was 
2 CONT troubled by anarchy and constant internal wars. For six months in 1141 he 
2 CONT was Matilda's prisoner, during which time she reigned as queen. Stephen 
2 CONT was restored to the throne, but for five years Matilda and many of the 
2 CONT nobles continued to oppose him. During the course of the frequent civil 
2 CONT wars, much of the land was ravaged, and England was plunged into almost 
2 CONT complete chaos. In 1148 Matilda left England and gave up her claim in 
2 CONT favor of her son, Henry of Anjou, later Henry II. Henry then waged war 
2 CONT against Stephen until 1153, when Stephen was forced to name Henry his 
2 CONT heir.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1187@ INDI
1 NAME Adela //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1062
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 MAR 1137
2 PLAC Marcigny-sur-, Loire, France
1 FAMC @F150@
1 FAMS @F581@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1188@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgar the Peaceful //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 944
1 DEAT
2 DATE 975
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 959/975
1 FAMC @F993@
1 FAMS @F583@
1 FAMS @F1000@
1 FAMS @F584@
1 NOTE Eadgar, called The Peaceful (944-75), Saxon king of the English (959-75), 
2 CONT younger son of King Eadmund I. In 957, during the rule of his brother, 
2 CONT King Edwy (940?-59), Eadgar was chosen by the Mercians and Northumbrians 
2 CONT to be their sovereign. One of his first acts was to recall the monastic 
2 CONT reformer St. Dunstan, whom Edwy had exiled; Eadgar subsequently made 
2 CONT Dunstan bishop of Worcester and London and archbishop of Canterbury. In 
2 CONT 959 Eadgar succeeded to the entire English Kingdom. His reign was notable 
2 CONT for the establishment of national consolidation, reformation of the 
2 CONT clergy, improvement of the judiciary system, and formation of a fleet to 
2 CONT defend the coast against the Scandinavian Vikings.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1189@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F997@
1 FAMS @F582@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1190@ INDI
1 NAME Edwy //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Fair, King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 940
1 DEAT
2 DATE 959
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 955/959
1 FAMC @F993@
1 FAMS @F582@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1191@ INDI
1 NAME Edward //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Martyr, King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 963
1 DEAT
2 DATE 978
2 NOTE He was murdered at Corfe Castle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 975/978
1 FAMC @F583@
1 NOTE Edward the Martyr (circa 963-78), Anglo-Saxon king of England, son of King 
2 CONT Edgar. A boy at the time of his father's death, Edward ruled under the 
2 CONT guidance of St. Dunstan, archbishop of Canterbury. His brief reign was 
2 CONT marked by agitation against the monasteries, which Edgar had favored at 
2 CONT the expense of the nonmonastic clergy. Edward was assassinated, possibly 
2 CONT at the instigation of his stepmother Elfrida (Aelfthryth), whose son 
2 CONT Ethelred succeeded him. Miracles were said to have occurred at his tomb, 
2 CONT and he was later declared a saint and martyr. Edward's feast day is March 
2 CONT 18.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1192@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelflćd //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F998@
1 FAMS @F583@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1193@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfthryth (Elfrida) //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1000
1 FAMC @F999@
1 FAMS @F584@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1194@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelred II the Unready //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 968
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1016
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 978/1016
1 FAMC @F584@
1 FAMS @F1001@
1 FAMS @F585@
1 NOTE He was an Anglo-Saxon king of England. His reign was marked by bitter 
2 CONT military struggles. After negotiating a treaty with Richard II, duke of 
2 CONT Normandy, Ćthelred married Richard's sister. This marriage provided the 
2 CONT basis for the subsequent Norman claim to the English throne. Although 
2 CONT Ćthelred paid tribute to the plundering Danes, Sweyn I (the Forkbeard), 
2 CONT king of Denmark, invaded England in 1013 and proclaimed himself king. In 
2 CONT 1014 Ćthelred fled to Normandy but returned a few months later upon 
2 CONT Sweyn's death. Sweyn's son and successor, Canute II, invaded the country a 
2 CONT year later and, following Ćthelred's death, became king of England. 
2 CONT Ćthelred's sobriquet, The Unready is a corruption of the Old English 
2 CONT unraed, bad counsel, which is a reference to his misfortunes.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1195@ INDI
1 NAME Emma //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Normandy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1052
1 FAMC @F382@
1 FAMS @F585@
1 FAMS @F963@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1196@ INDI
1 NAME Mauger //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Corbeil
1 FAMC @F382@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1197@ INDI
1 NAME Robert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Evreux, Archbishop of Rouen
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1037
1 FAMC @F382@
1 FAMS @F2180@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1198@ INDI
1 NAME Bethoc //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F588@
1 FAMS @F587@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1199@ INDI
1 NAME Malcolm II Mackenneth //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 953
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1034
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1005/1034
1 FAMC @F930@
1 FAMS @F588@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1200@ INDI
1 NAME Augusta Victoria //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of Schleswig-Holstein
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1858
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1921
1 FAMS @F589@
0 @I1201@ INDI
1 NAME Hermine //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of Schönich-Corolath
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1887
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1947
1 FAMS @F590@
0 @I1202@ INDI
1 NAME Wilhelm I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emperor of Germany & King of Prussia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 MAR 1797
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 MAR 1888
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1871/1888
1 FAMC @F592@
1 FAMS @F591@
1 NOTE William I (of Germany and Prussia), full name Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig 
2 CONT (1797-1888), emperor of Germany (1871-88) and king of Prussia (1861-88), 
2 CONT who reigned during the unification of Germany under the Prussian crown. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT William was born on March 22, 1797, in Berlin, the second son of Frederick 
2 CONT William III of Prussia and his queen Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 
2 CONT (1776-1810). He entered the Prussian army in 1807 and served in the 
2 CONT Napoleonic Wars. In 1829 he married Augusta of Saxe-Weimar (1811-90), by 
2 CONT whom he had two children. Upon the accession of his childless brother 
2 CONT Frederick William IV in 1840, William became heir presumptive to the 
2 CONT Prussian throne. In 1858, after the king was declared insane, William 
2 CONT became regent, and three years later he succeeded to the throne. A firm 
2 CONT believer in the divine right of kings, he declared at his coronation that 
2 CONT he "ruled by favor of God, and of no one else."
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1862 William appointed the Prussian statesman Otto von Bismarck his 
2 CONT chief minister. Subsequently they embarked upon a program of unifying the 
2 CONT German states under Prussian leadership. Their policies involved Prussia 
2 CONT in war with Denmark in 1864 and with Austria in 1866. In 1867, after the 
2 CONT defeat of Austria, William became head of the newly established North 
2 CONT German Confederation. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) he took 
2 CONT personal command at the decisive Battle of Sedan. He was proclaimed German 
2 CONT emperor in the palace at Versailles on January 18, 1871, while his troops 
2 CONT were laying siege to the city of Paris. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During his reign William firmly supported the militarism espoused by 
2 CONT Bismarck as well as the latter's antidemocratic and anti-Catholic 
2 CONT policies. Two attempts to assassinate the emperor were made in 1878; on 
2 CONT the second occasion he was seriously wounded. On his death in Berlin on 
2 CONT March 9, 1888, his son Frederick William succeeded him as Frederick III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1203@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick William III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Prussia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1770
2 PLAC Potsdam
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1840
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1797/1840
1 FAMC @F608@
1 FAMS @F592@
1 NOTE Frederick William III (1770-1840), king of Prussia (1797-1840). He was the 
2 CONT son of Frederick William II, born in Potsdam. He was given military 
2 CONT training in his youth and from 1792 to 1794 fought against France during 
2 CONT the French Revolution. In 1797 he succeeded to the throne and set about 
2 CONT rebuilding the economy and the army, which had suffered during the reign 
2 CONT of his father. He kept Prussia neutral in the Napoleonic Wars until 1805, 
2 CONT when persuaded by Russia and the aroused spirit of his people, he joined 
2 CONT the allies against France. Prussia was defeated at Jena and Auerstädt in 
2 CONT 1806. By the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807, various Prussian territories were 
2 CONT ceded to France. Through the efforts of the administrators Baron H. F. K. 
2 CONT vom Stein, Count A. N. von Gneisenau, Prince K. A. von Hardenberg, and G. 
2 CONT J. D. von Scharnhorst (1755-1813), the Prussian army was reconstituted 
2 CONT between 1807 and 1812 and participated in the victorious campaigns against 
2 CONT Napoleon from 1813 until 1815. In this period Frederick William promised 
2 CONT the Prussian people a constitution. At the close of the war in 1815, 
2 CONT however, he joined the Holy Alliance and participated in the alliance's 
2 CONT repression of liberal movements in Europe. Within Prussia, he accomplished 
2 CONT the reorganization of parts of the administrative system and consented to 
2 CONT formation of the Zollverein, or customs union.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1204@ INDI
1 NAME Louise //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Mecklenburg-Streolid
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1776
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1810
1 FAMS @F592@
0 @I1205@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick William IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Prussia
1 FAMC @F592@
1 NOTE Frederick William IV (1795-1861), king of Prussia (1840-61), who attempted 
2 CONT to unite German states under Prussian rule. The son of Frederick William 
2 CONT III, he was born in Berlin on October 15, 1795. He gave indications of 
2 CONT becoming a liberal monarch by increasing freedom of religion and relieving 
2 CONT press censorship on his accession to the throne in 1840. In 1847 he 
2 CONT convened the United Diet, which, although limited, was a step toward a 
2 CONT popular representative assembly. When revolution broke out in Prussia in 
2 CONT March 1848, he at first acceded to the demands of his people, promising a 
2 CONT constitution and agreeing to become the leader of a united Germany. In 
2 CONT 1849 he refused the imperial crown offered to him by the Frankfurt 
2 CONT Parliament, opting instead for a union of German states under Prussian 
2 CONT leadership (the Erfurt Union), proposed by his foreign minister, Joseph 
2 CONT von Radowitz (1797-1853). Under Austrian pressure, he abandoned this 
2 CONT project by the Treaty of Olmütz (November 1850). In the constitution 
2 CONT granted the same year, most of the governing power was vested in the king, 
2 CONT suffrage was restricted, and membership in the parliament was considerably 
2 CONT limited. After suffering two paralytic strokes in 1857, Frederick William 
2 CONT became mentally unfit to rule. In 1858 a regency was established under his 
2 CONT brother William, who, as William I, succeeded to the throne when Frederick 
2 CONT William died on January 2, 1861.
0 @I1206@ INDI
1 NAME Else M. /BERTHELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 APR 1842
2 PLAC Vlstrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 BURI
2 PLAC Vilsted Cemetery, Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F598@
1 FAMS @F219@
1 SOUR Landsarkiet for Norrejylland, Viborg, Denmark
0 @I1207@ INDI
1 NAME Knut O. /TEIGEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F593@
0 @I1208@ INDI
1 NAME Amalia Marie /SELLEVOLD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F593@
0 @I1209@ INDI
1 NAME Sondra /ROSEBERRY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F594@
0 @I1210@ INDI
1 NAME Nathern B. /PRIDDY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 MAR 1943
2 SOUR Letter from Holger Martin Peterson dated Jan 25, 1995.
1 FAMS @F595@
0 @I1211@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 SEP 1866
2 PLAC Vlstrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1212@ INDI
1 NAME Else /PETERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 FEB 1867
2 PLAC Vlstrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1213@ INDI
1 NAME Berthel /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 DEC 1870
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1214@ INDI
1 NAME Ane M. /PETERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAR 1873
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1215@ INDI
1 NAME Jens H. /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUN 1875
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1216@ INDI
1 NAME Ane K. /PETERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1876
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1217@ INDI
1 NAME Jens M. /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 FEB 1879
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1218@ INDI
1 NAME Niels B. /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JAN 1880
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1219@ INDI
1 NAME Timand /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 MAR 1881
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1220@ INDI
1 NAME Carl E. /PETERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JAN 1882
2 PLAC Vilsted, Denmark
1 FAMC @F219@
0 @I1221@ INDI
1 NAME Troels /MADSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F596@
0 @I1222@ INDI
1 NAME Ane /KRISTENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F596@
0 @I1223@ INDI
1 NAME Peder /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F597@
0 @I1224@ INDI
1 NAME Ane /ANDERSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F597@
0 @I1225@ INDI
1 NAME Berthel /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F598@
0 @I1226@ INDI
1 NAME Else /NIELSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F598@
0 @I1227@ INDI
1 NAME Troels Christensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 FEB 1797
2 PLAC Vaar, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 MAY 1820
1 FAMC @F220@
1 SOUR "Prominent Families of North Jutland" Pub. in Logstor, Denmark. About 1950
0 @I1228@ INDI
1 NAME Kirstine /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 JUL 1873
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F599@
0 @I1229@ INDI
1 NAME Martine M. /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1874
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F600@
1 NOTE She immigrated to America and lived in Portland, Maine.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 28.
0 @I1230@ INDI
1 NAME Maren /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 FEB 1877
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F601@
0 @I1231@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen Bro /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 SEP 1879
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F602@
0 @I1232@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen Gatten /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1883
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1946
1 FAMC @F34@
0 @I1233@ INDI
1 NAME Anine /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 APR 1886
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denamrk
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F603@
0 @I1234@ INDI
1 NAME Laurids /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1887
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1887
1 FAMC @F34@
0 @I1235@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Aarup /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 NOV 1889
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F604@
0 @I1236@ INDI
1 NAME Laura /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1892
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1950
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F605@
0 @I1237@ INDI
1 NAME Martin Gatten /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 JUL 1894
2 PLAC Cunrop, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 JUN 1961
1 FAMC @F34@
1 FAMS @F606@
0 @I1238@ INDI
1 NAME Peder Kr. /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 APR 1876
1 FAMS @F599@
1 NOTE He lived in Salling until he sold the farm in 1925, and moved to 
2 CONT Vindblaes.  He was a small-holder in Salling.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 28.
0 @I1239@ INDI
1 NAME Martinus /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUN 1874
1 FAMS @F600@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 28.
0 @I1240@ INDI
1 NAME Lars /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F601@
0 @I1241@ INDI
1 NAME Inger /LUND/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F602@
0 @I1242@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Kr. /NEILSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F603@
0 @I1243@ INDI
1 NAME Elsine Marie /KROGH/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F604@
0 @I1244@ INDI
1 NAME Andreas /GJERMANDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F605@
0 @I1245@ INDI
1 NAME Olga /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F606@
0 @I1246@ INDI
1 NAME Mette /LAURSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 JUN 1842
1 FAMS @F607@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 27.
0 @I1247@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick William II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Prussia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1744
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1797
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1786
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 1797
1 FAMC @F609@
1 FAMS @F608@
1 NOTE Frederick William II (1744-97), king of Prussia (1786-97), grandson of 
2 CONT Frederick William I and nephew of Frederick II, born in Berlin. He 
2 CONT succeeded to the throne in 1786 upon the death of his uncle. In 1792 he 
2 CONT made an alliance with Leopold II, Holy Roman emperor, to support Louis XVI 
2 CONT of France in the French Revolution. As a result of Frederick's 
2 CONT participation in the ensuing wars, he was forced in 1795 by the Treaty of 
2 CONT Basel to cede to France Prussian territories west of the Rhine River. He 
2 CONT secured territory from Poland, however, by participating in the Polish 
2 CONT partitions of 1793 and 1795. Influenced during his reign by the 
2 CONT Rosicrucian order, of which he was a member, he suppressed the ideas of 
2 CONT the Enlightenment, imposing censorship on religion, education, and the 
2 CONT press. He lacked interest in military affairs and allowed a supreme 
2 CONT college of war to supervise the army, which declined markedly during his 
2 CONT reign. Through his own ineptitude and that of the favorites he appointed 
2 CONT to administrative positions, the treasury of Prussia was bankrupted and 
2 CONT the reputation of the country diminished by the end of his reign.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1248@ INDI
1 NAME Augustus William //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1722
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1758
1 FAMC @F610@
1 FAMS @F609@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I1249@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick William I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Prussia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 AUG 1688
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 MAY 1740
2 PLAC Potsdam, Germany
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1713
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Served
2 DATE 31 MAY 1740
1 FAMC @F611@
1 FAMS @F610@
1 NOTE Frederick William I (1688-1740), king of Prussia (1713-40), who during his 
2 CONT reign made his kingdom into a major European state. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Frederick William was born on August 15, 1688, in Berlin, the son of King 
2 CONT Frederick I. He succeeded his father in 1713 and for the next seven years 
2 CONT was involved in a dispute with Sweden over Pomerania, a part of which he 
2 CONT finally received by the Treaty of Stockholm in 1720. In return for 
2 CONT recognizing (1726) the Pragmatic Sanction, by which Maria Theresa, 
2 CONT archduchess of Austria, was given the Austrian Habsburg dominions, he 
2 CONT hoped to gain support for his claim to the Lower Rhine duchies of Jülich 
2 CONT and Berg, but his expectations were dashed. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Frederick William's greatest accomplishment was in the internal 
2 CONT development of Prussia. Contemptuous of the luxury of his father's reign, 
2 CONT he instituted a system of rigid and efficient economy at court and 
2 CONT transferred public financial administration from local governments to the 
2 CONT central royal authority. He was thus able to repay the debts incurred by 
2 CONT his father and greatly improve the financial condition of Prussia. He 
2 CONT built up industry by forbidding the importation of finished goods and the 
2 CONT exportation of raw materials, and directed the colonization of nonpopulous 
2 CONT areas, especially in East Prussia. He also instituted compulsory 
2 CONT elementary education in Prussia. The development of the army was his 
2 CONT fondest achievement; he was particularly proud of the Potsdam Guard, 
2 CONT composed of exceptionally tall men hired, and sometimes kidnapped, from 
2 CONT all parts of Europe. Under his supervision the number of soldiers in the 
2 CONT army was increased from about 38,000 to some 83,500 and Prussia became the 
2 CONT third ranking military power in Europe. Frederick William died at Potsdam 
2 CONT on May 31, 1740, and was succeeded by his son, Frederick II, the Great.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1250@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Prussia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JAN 1712
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 AUG 1786
2 PLAC Sans Souci, Germany
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1740/1786
1 FAMC @F610@
1 FAMS @F4845@
1 NOTE During his reign, he was considered among the most notable of enlightened 
2 CONT despots in 18th century Europe. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT As crown prince he was trained, under his father's supervision, to become 
2 CONT a soldier and a thrifty administrator. Frederick, however, encouraged by 
2 CONT his mother and his tutors, showed a preference for courtly life, music, 
2 CONT and French literature. Frederick William, failing to understand the tastes 
2 CONT of his son, developed an open dislike for him. At the age of 18, Frederick 
2 CONT decided to escape to England; his proposed plan was discovered, and he was 
2 CONT arrested, imprisoned, temporarily deprived of his status as crown prince, 
2 CONT and forced to witness the execution of one of his two confederates. After 
2 CONT he had subsequently applied himself diligently to fiscal and military 
2 CONT affairs, Frederick was reinstated to his position as crown prince. He then 
2 CONT went to live for seven years on his estate at Rheinsburg, where, in his 
2 CONT leisure time, he studied philosophy, history, and poetry and corresponded 
2 CONT with the French philosophers, notably Voltaire. In his Antimachiavell, 
2 CONT written during that period and published by Voltaire in 1740, Frederick 
2 CONT idealistically opposed the political doctrines of the Italian statesman 
2 CONT and philosopher Niccolň Machiavelli, favoring peaceful and enlightened 
2 CONT rule. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT King and Military Leader
2 CONT 
2 CONT On the death of his father in 1740 Frederick became king and embarked 
2 CONT almost immediately on a policy of Prussian aggrandizement. When Maria 
2 CONT Theresa became archduchess of Austria in that same year, Frederick 
2 CONT demanded the cession of duchies of Silesia in return for Prussian 
2 CONT recognition of the Pragmatic Sanction, which gave the Austrian Habsburg 
2 CONT dominions to Maria Theresa. Refused by Austria, Frederick invaded Silesia, 
2 CONT commencing the War of the Austrian Succession. He led his forces to 
2 CONT victory at Mollwitz in 1741 and at Chotusitz in 1742; in the latter year, 
2 CONT by the Treaty of Breslau, Maria Theresa was obliged to yield the Silesian 
2 CONT territory demanded by Prussia. Frederick acquired East Friesland (now a 
2 CONT region of Germany) in 1744, on the death of the last ruler without heirs 
2 CONT of that principality, and in 1745 he fought and won a second war with 
2 CONT Austria, terminated by the Peace of Dresden, which assured Prussia the 
2 CONT possession of Silesia. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT By this time Frederick was recognized as an able military leader, and the 
2 CONT position of Prussia in Europe had risen considerably. The military 
2 CONT greatness of Frederick was demonstrated during the Seven Years' War, 
2 CONT fought from 1756 to 1763. Frederick and his forces, aided only by 
2 CONT financial assistance from Great Britain, which was at war with France, 
2 CONT opposed the armies of Austria, Russia, Sweden, Saxony, and France. The 
2 CONT Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763 awarded Prussia no new territory, as it 
2 CONT merely confirmed the boundaries that had existed before the war; at the 
2 CONT end of the war, however, Prussia was established as a rival to Austria for 
2 CONT domination of the German states. Frederick made an alliance with Catherine 
2 CONT II of Russia, in 1764, and by the first partition of Poland in 1772 he 
2 CONT received Polish Prussia, exclusive of Gdańsk (Danzig) and Toruń (Thorn), 
2 CONT thus uniting the regions of Brandenburg and Pomerania. By the Treaty of 
2 CONT Teschen in 1779, after the War of the Bavarian Succession, a short 
2 CONT conflict with Austria, Prussia was awarded the Franconian principalities 
2 CONT of Bavaria; Austria retained only a part of Lower Bavaria. A further step 
2 CONT was made toward destroying Austrian dominance in 1785, when Frederick 
2 CONT gathered the German princes into a union of princes, the Fürstenbund, to 
2 CONT preserve the constitution of the Holy Roman Empire. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Administrator
2 CONT 
2 CONT Frederick was extremely sympathetic to the American Revolution and was an 
2 CONT admirer of George Washington. He was one of the first sovereigns to 
2 CONT conclude a commercial treaty with the United States. He did not, however, 
2 CONT limit his activities to the international scene; internal affairs 
2 CONT flourished during his reign. His rule was absolute; he was a ubiquitous 
2 CONT administrator, constantly checking the work of his officials, from whom he 
2 CONT exacted the utmost in conscientiousness. Under his rule new methods of 
2 CONT agriculture and manufacturing were introduced. Marshes were drained, 
2 CONT providing new lands for cultivation and colonization and the institution 
2 CONT of serfdom, while not abolished, was somewhat liberalized. Under 
2 CONT Frederick's personal supervision the efficiency and size of the army were 
2 CONT increased. He reviewed the troops frequently, concerned himself with the 
2 CONT discipline of his officers and men, and wrote works for his generals on 
2 CONT the science of warfare. In 1747 Frederick, who was particularly interested 
2 CONT in the equitable distribution of justice to all classes, issued a new 
2 CONT codification of Prussian law, the Codex Fridericianus. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Patron of Culture
2 CONT 
2 CONT Frederick continued to patronize the arts and sciences throughout his 
2 CONT life. The Academy of Sciences again became an important center of learning 
2 CONT during his reign, and elementary education progressed as under no previous 
2 CONT Prussian sovereign. In his favorite residence, the palace of Sans Souci, 
2 CONT Frederick held court, but always entertained with judicious economy. 
2 CONT Contemptuous of the German language and culture, Frederick spoke French at 
2 CONT court and patronized French writers, many of whom, including Voltaire, 
2 CONT paid him visits in Berlin. Frederick himself was a musician, spending many 
2 CONT hours with his flute. He was also a prolific writer; his complete works 
2 CONT were published in 30 volumes between 1846 and 1857.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1251@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Prussia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JUL 1657
2 PLAC Königsburg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia)
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 FEB 1713
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
2 SOUR Europe xc
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1701/1713
1 FAMC @F612@
1 FAMS @F611@
1 FAMS @F3491@
1 NOTE He was also Frederick III, elector of Brandenburg (1688-1701), son of 
2 CONT Frederick William, the Great Elector, born in Königsberg, Prussia (now 
2 CONT Kaliningrad, Russia). Frederick endeavored to establish a court modeled on 
2 CONT that of Louis XIV of France. He wished to secure a royal title for 
2 CONT himself, but could not do so as ruler of Brandenburg, as the title king 
2 CONT was forbidden to princes of the Holy Roman Empire. Prussia, however, which 
2 CONT was part of Frederick's domain, lay outside the empire, and in 1701 
2 CONT Emperor Leopold I recognized Frederick as king of Prussia in return for 
2 CONT his military support in the War of the Spanish Succession. Frederick 
2 CONT crowned himself at Königsberg, expending vast sums of money on his 
2 CONT coronation. Although he depleted the public treasury during his reign, he 
2 CONT undertook some projects beneficial to the welfare of Prussia, such as the 
2 CONT establishment in 1694 of the University of Halle and the founding in 1707 
2 CONT of the Academy of Sciences, Berlin. He patronized scholars, including the 
2 CONT German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and 
2 CONT encouraged persecuted Protestants from other countries to settle in 
2 CONT Prussia.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1252@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Elector of Brandenburg
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 FEB 1620
2 PLAC Berlin, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 MAY 1688
2 PLAC Potsdam, Germany
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1640/1688
1 FAMC @F613@
1 FAMS @F612@
1 NOTE Frederick William (1620-88), elector of Brandenburg (1640-88), called the 
2 CONT Great Elector, who laid the foundations for the strong Prussian state of 
2 CONT the 18th century. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT The son of Elector George William (1595-1640), Frederick William was born 
2 CONT on February 12, 1620, in Berlin. He succeeded to the electorate during the 
2 CONT Thirty Years' War, when Swedish forces were occupying Brandenburg. 
2 CONT Concluding an armistice with Sweden, he was able to repair some of the 
2 CONT war's damage to the country. He remained neutral until the Peace of 
2 CONT Westphalia ended the war in 1648; by that treaty he received eastern 
2 CONT Pomerania, along the Baltic Sea, and some smaller territories. Over the 
2 CONT next 30 years, by alliances and wars and systematic strengthening of his 
2 CONT army, Frederick William acquired more lands and power for Brandenburg. In 
2 CONT 1656, during the war between Sweden and Poland, he switched his allegiance 
2 CONT from Poland to Sweden and back to Poland in return for the latter's 
2 CONT recognition of his suzerainty over East Prussia, until then a Polish 
2 CONT dependency. In 1675 he defeated invading Swedish forces at Fehrbellin and 
2 CONT conquered western Pomerania, long coveted for its important seaports, but 
2 CONT at the insistence of France, Sweden's ally, he relinquished the territory 
2 CONT at the Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1679. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Frederick William centralized government administration and improved 
2 CONT almost every area of public affairs, especially industry and commerce. 
2 CONT After the Edict of Nantes in 1685 he admitted large numbers of Huguenots, 
2 CONT who, with the technological skills they had acquired in France, aided in 
2 CONT the development of Prussian industry. He also created the Prussian navy, 
2 CONT founded colonies in western Africa, and established the Royal Library in 
2 CONT Berlin. He died in Potsdam on May 9, 1688.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1253@ INDI
1 NAME George William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Elector of Brandenburg
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1595
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1640
1 FAMS @F613@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1254@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /ROUET/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1350
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 MAY 1403
2 SOUR Camplin, Kathleen Marie.  AOL user "Lorcalon"
1 FAMC @F1485@
1 FAMS @F4027@
1 FAMS @F614@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME John /BEAUFORT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Somerset, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1372
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 APR 1410
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1 FAMC @F614@
1 FAMS @F619@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Joan /BEAUFORT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F614@
1 FAMS @F1489@
1 FAMS @F615@
1 NOTE She also had 12 other children.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Ralph /NEVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Westmorland, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1364
2 PLAC Raby, Durham, England
2 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
3 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 OCT 1425
2 PLAC Raby Castle, Durham, England
2 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
3 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
1 FAMC @F2562@
1 FAMS @F615@
1 FAMS @F4028@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1258@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Countess of Buckingham
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1438
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1 FAMS @F4438@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Edmund /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Stafford
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1403
1 FAMS @F617@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Humphrey /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Buckingham
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1460
1 FAMC @F617@
1 FAMS @F618@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Humphrey /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Stafford
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1455
1 FAMC @F618@
1 FAMS @F623@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Cicely /NEVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1495
1 FAMC @F615@
1 FAMS @F518@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
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1 NAME Richard /NEVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Salisbury, Knight of the Garter
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1460
1 FAMC @F615@
1 FAMS @F624@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1264@ INDI
1 NAME John /BEAUFORT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Somerset
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1444
1 FAMC @F619@
1 FAMS @F620@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Jaspor //
1 SEX M
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1 DEAT
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1 FAMC @F404@
1 FAMS @F621@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1266@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /WOODVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1458
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1513
1 FAMC @F4141@
1 FAMS @F621@
1 FAMS @F622@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1267@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Buckingham
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1483
1 FAMC @F623@
1 FAMS @F622@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Edward /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Buckingham
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1521
1 FAMC @F622@
1 FAMS @F628@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1269@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F518@
1 FAMS @F625@
1 NOTE She also had six other children.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1270@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE LA POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Duke of Suffolk, Knight of the Garter
1 FAMS @F625@
1 FAMS @F1499@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1271@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /NEVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1485
1 FAMC @F524@
1 FAMS @F626@
1 FAMS @F627@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Elizabeth /STAFFORD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F628@
1 FAMS @F629@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1273@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE LA POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Lincoln
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1487
2 PLAC Battle of Stoke
1 FAMC @F625@
1 FAMS @F2214@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1274@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /DE LA POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Suffolk
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1513
1 FAMC @F625@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1275@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /DE LA POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Suffolk
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1525
2 PLAC Battle of Pavia
2 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
3 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 FAMC @F625@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1276@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
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1 DEAT
2 DATE 1541
1 FAMC @F523@
1 FAMS @F630@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1277@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Knight of the Garter
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1505
1 FAMS @F630@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Edward /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1474
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1484
1 FAMC @F626@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1279@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Marquess of Montagu
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1538
1 FAMC @F630@
1 FAMS @F2215@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Reginald /POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Cardinal, Archbishop of Canterbury
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1500
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1558
1 FAMC @F630@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1281@ INDI
1 NAME Geoffrey /POLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1558
1 FAMC @F630@
1 FAMS @F2217@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1282@ INDI
1 NAME Arthur /POLE/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1570
1 FAMC @F630@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1283@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1527
1 FAMC @F411@
1 FAMS @F631@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1284@ INDI
1 NAME Arthur /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Viscount Lisle
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1542
2 PLAC Tower of London, England
1 FAMC @F1533@
1 FAMS @F632@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1285@ INDI
1 NAME William /COUTENAY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Devon, Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1511
1 FAMS @F631@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1286@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /COUTENAY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Marquess of Exeter
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1538
1 FAMC @F631@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1287@ INDI
1 NAME Honora /GRENVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F632@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1288@ INDI
1 NAME Meredudd ap Tudor //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1132@
1 FAMS @F633@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1289@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1133@
1 FAMS @F633@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1290@ INDI
1 NAME Owen Thomas Edward /TUDOR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1429
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1502
1 FAMC @F404@
1 NOTE He was a monk at West Minister Abby.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1291@ INDI
1 NAME (Unnamed) /TUDOR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F404@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1292@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /TUDOR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1437
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1437
1 FAMC @F404@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
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1 NAME Henry /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir, Lord Stafford
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1481
1 FAMS @F634@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1294@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /STANLEY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Derby, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1435
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1504
1 FAMS @F635@
1 FAMS @F4036@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts+++
0 @I1295@ INDI
1 NAME Eric VII //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1382
2 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1459
1 FAMC @F4142@
1 FAMS @F636@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1296@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /TUDOR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1492
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1495
1 FAMC @F410@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1297@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /TUDOR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1495
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1533
1 FAMC @F410@
1 FAMS @F576@
1 FAMS @F638@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1298@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /TUDOR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Somerset
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1499
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1500
1 FAMC @F410@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1299@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /TUDOR/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F410@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1300@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /TUDOR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1503
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1503
1 FAMC @F410@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1301@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /STEWART/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord Methuen
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1495
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1552
1 FAMS @F637@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1302@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /BRANDON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Duke of Suffolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1484
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1545
1 FAMS @F638@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1303@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 31 JAN 1510
1 DEAT
2 DATE STILLBORN
1 FAMC @F412@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1304@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1511
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 FEB 1511
1 FAMC @F412@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1305@ INDI
1 NAME Son //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Cornwall
1 BIRT
2 DATE OCT 1513
1 DEAT
2 DATE OCT 1513
1 FAMC @F412@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1306@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Cornwall
1 BIRT
2 DATE NOV 1514
1 DEAT
2 DATE NOV 1514
1 FAMC @F412@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1307@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1518
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1518
1 FAMC @F412@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1308@ INDI
1 NAME Child //
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUL 1534
1 DEAT
2 DATE JUL 1534
2 NOTE Born stillborn.
1 FAMC @F413@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1309@ INDI
1 NAME Son //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1536
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1536
2 NOTE Born stillborn.
1 FAMC @F413@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1310@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /BLOUNT/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1502
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMS @F639@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1311@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /FITZROY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Richmond & Somerset
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUN 1519
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1536
1 FAMC @F639@
1 FAMS @F640@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1312@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1519
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1557
1 FAMC @F629@
1 FAMS @F640@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1313@ INDI
1 NAME Frances /BRANDON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1517
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1559
1 FAMC @F638@
1 FAMS @F641@
1 FAMS @F642@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1314@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /GREY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Suffolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1517
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMC @F4871@
1 FAMS @F641@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1315@ INDI
1 NAME Adrian /STOKES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1533
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1585
1 FAMS @F642@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1316@ INDI
1 NAME Jane /GREY/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE OCT 1537
2 PLAC Bradgate Park, Leicestershire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 FEB 1554
2 PLAC Tower of London, London, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMC @F641@
1 FAMS @F4569@
1 NOTE She was queen of England for nine days.  When Lady Jane was 15 years old, 
2 CONT England's powerful lord chamberlain John Dudley, duke of Northumberland, 
2 CONT arranged a marriage for her with his son, Guildford Dudley (d. 1554). The 
2 CONT duke's purpose was to change, through Lady Jane, the royal succession upon 
2 CONT the death of the ailing young king, Edward VI, so that he could continue 
2 CONT to control the country through her. Edward approved the marriage and 
2 CONT secured witnesses to a deed declaring Lady Jane his successor. Upon the 
2 CONT death of the king, on July 6, 1553, Lady Jane was proclaimed queen, but 
2 CONT Edward's half sister, Mary Tudor, contested the succession. Lady Jane was 
2 CONT subsequently imprisoned in the Tower of London. She and her husband were 
2 CONT accused of treason, and both were beheaded on February 12, 1554.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1317@ INDI
1 NAME Constanza //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Castile
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1354
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1394
1 FAMC @F530@
1 FAMS @F643@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1318@ INDI
1 NAME Phillipa //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1360
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1415
1 FAMC @F391@
1 FAMS @F644@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1319@ INDI
1 NAME John I (Joăo) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1357
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1453
1 FAMC @F3866@
1 FAMS @F644@
1 NOTE John I (of Portugal), in Portuguese, Joăo I (1357-1433), king of Portugal 
2 CONT (1385-1433), the illegitimate son of King Pedro I (1320-67). In 1384, 
2 CONT after cooperating in the national revolt against Spanish influence, John 
2 CONT became regent. In 1385 he was elected king despite the rival claim of King 
2 CONT John I of Castile and León. Castilian invasions failed, and John cemented 
2 CONT his friendship with England by a treaty and by marrying Philippa of 
2 CONT Lancaster (1359-1415), daughter of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster. John 
2 CONT was a popular monarch; his reign featured administrative reforms, the 
2 CONT flourishing of Portuguese culture, an emphasis on chivalry, the conquering 
2 CONT of Ceuta in North Africa from the Moors, and the discovery of the islands 
2 CONT of Porto Santo and Madeira. He was succeeded by his son Edward 
2 CONT (1391-1438).
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1320@ INDI
1 NAME Edward I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1391
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1438
1 FAMC @F644@
1 FAMS @F646@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1321@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1372
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1418
1 FAMC @F643@
1 FAMS @F645@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1322@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /HENRIQUEZ/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F504@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1323@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Viseu
1 FAMC @F646@
1 FAMS @F647@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1324@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /HOLLAND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1381
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 DEC 1439
2 SOUR Camplin, Kathleen Marie.  AOL user "Lorcalon"
1 FAMC @F1462@
1 FAMS @F619@
1 FAMS @F4138@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1325@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1470
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1498
1 FAMC @F421@
1 FAMS @F648@
1 FAMS @F649@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1326@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of the Asturias
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1478
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1497
1 FAMC @F421@
1 FAMS @F650@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1327@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1482
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1517
1 FAMC @F421@
1 FAMS @F651@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1328@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso of Portugal //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1475
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1491
1 FAMS @F649@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1329@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Austria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1480
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1530
1 FAMC @F500@
1 FAMS @F650@
1 FAMS @F4839@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1330@ INDI
1 NAME Germaine /DE FOIX/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F652@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1331@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F652@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1332@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Austria //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1498
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1558
1 FAMC @F499@
1 FAMS @F653@
1 FAMS @F654@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1333@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1501
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1525
1 FAMC @F499@
1 FAMS @F655@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1334@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Regent of the Netherlands
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1505
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1558
1 FAMC @F499@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1335@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1507
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1578
1 FAMC @F499@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1336@ INDI
1 NAME Christian II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark, Norway & Sweden
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1481
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1559
1 FAMC @F698@
1 FAMS @F655@
1 NOTE Christian II (1481-1559), king of Denmark and Norway (1513-23) and of 
2 CONT Sweden (1520-23), the son and successor of King John (Hans; 1455-1513). A 
2 CONT gifted but erratic ruler, who initiated many humane reforms and was a 
2 CONT patron of culture and education, Christian sought to strengthen the 
2 CONT monarchy by championing the lower and middle classes, but in so doing 
2 CONT alienated the nobles, who still held the power to elect the king. Pressing 
2 CONT his claim to the Swedish throne under the Union of Kalmar, Christian 
2 CONT besieged and captured Stockholm in 1520, but when he followed his 
2 CONT coronation there with mass executions of Swedish nobles, he earned for 
2 CONT himself the epithet The Cruel and made it easy for Gustav Vasa to rebel 
2 CONT and win the Crown in 1523. That same year the Danish nobles also rose 
2 CONT against him, electing his uncle king as Frederick I. Christian then fled 
2 CONT to the Netherlands, where he finally persuaded his brother-in-law, Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Charles V, to help him raise a small army; with that force 
2 CONT he landed in Norway in 1531. The year after, having made no gains, he was 
2 CONT treacherously captured by his enemies and spent the rest of his life, 27 
2 CONT years, in detention.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1337@ INDI
1 NAME Charles //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Angouleme
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1496
1 FAMC @F656@
1 FAMS @F554@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1338@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Angouleme
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1467
1 FAMC @F657@
1 FAMS @F656@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1339@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /DE ROHAN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F656@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1340@ INDI
1 NAME Louis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Orleans
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1372
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1407
1 FAMS @F657@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1341@ INDI
1 NAME Valentina /VISCONTI/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1408
1 FAMS @F657@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1342@ INDI
1 NAME Charles //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Orleans
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1394
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1465
1 FAMC @F657@
1 FAMS @F658@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1343@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Cleves
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1486
1 FAMS @F658@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1344@ INDI
1 NAME Francis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Dauphin of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1518
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1536
1 FAMC @F488@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1345@ INDI
1 NAME Charles //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Orleans
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1522
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1545
1 FAMC @F488@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1346@ INDI
1 NAME Miguel //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1498
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1500
1 FAMC @F648@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1347@ INDI
1 NAME Ralph /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1402
1 FAMS @F660@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1348@ INDI
1 NAME John /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Salle & Norfolk
1 FAMC @F660@
1 FAMS @F661@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1349@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Salle
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1411
1 FAMC @F661@
1 FAMS @F662@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1350@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BRACTON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F663@
1 FAMS @F662@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1351@ INDI
1 NAME John /BRACTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F663@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1352@ INDI
1 NAME Geoffrey /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Salle
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1440
1 FAMC @F662@
1 FAMS @F664@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1353@ INDI
1 NAME Bennid /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1436
1 FAMC @F662@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1354@ INDI
1 NAME Alice //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F664@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1355@ INDI
1 NAME Geoffrey /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir, Lord Mayor of London
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1471
1 FAMC @F664@
1 FAMS @F665@
0 @I1356@ INDI
1 NAME Simon /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Chaplain of Salle
1 FAMC @F664@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1357@ INDI
1 NAME Cecily /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1408
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1458
1 FAMC @F664@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1358@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /HOO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1425
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1484
1 FAMC @F666@
1 FAMS @F665@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1359@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOO/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir, Lord Hoo
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1455
1 FAMC @F667@
1 FAMS @F666@
1 FAMS @F668@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1360@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /WYCHINGHAM/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1451
1 FAMS @F666@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1361@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOO/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1448
1 FAMS @F667@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1362@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor /DE FELTON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F667@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1363@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor /WELLS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F668@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1364@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /HOO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1447
1 FAMC @F668@
1 FAMS @F669@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1365@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor /HOO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1449
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1499
1 FAMC @F668@
1 FAMS @F670@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1366@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /COPLEY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F669@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1367@ INDI
1 NAME James /CAREW/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1492
1 FAMS @F670@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1368@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /CAREW/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1520
1 FAMC @F670@
1 FAMS @F671@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1369@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /CAREW/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMC @F671@
1 FAMS @F672@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1370@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /BRYAN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1546
1 FAMS @F672@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1371@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1445
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1471
1 FAMC @F665@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1372@ INDI
1 NAME William /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1451
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1505
1 FAMC @F665@
1 FAMS @F673@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1373@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F665@
1 FAMS @F675@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1374@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1485
1 FAMC @F665@
1 FAMS @F676@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1375@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F665@
1 FAMS @F677@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1376@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F665@
1 FAMS @F678@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1377@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /BUTLER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1465
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMC @F674@
1 FAMS @F673@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1378@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BUTLER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Ormonde
1 FAMS @F674@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1379@ INDI
1 NAME John /FORTESCUE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F675@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1380@ INDI
1 NAME Adrian /FORTESCUE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMC @F675@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1381@ INDI
1 NAME William /CHEYNE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Esq.
1 FAMS @F676@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1382@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Clere of Ormesby
1 FAMS @F677@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1383@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /HEYDON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Baconsthorpe, Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1503
1 FAMS @F678@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1384@ INDI
1 NAME Bridget /HEYDON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F678@
1 FAMS @F679@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1385@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy /HEYDON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F678@
1 FAMS @F680@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1386@ INDI
1 NAME William /PASTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F679@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1387@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BROOKE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 8th Lord Cobham
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1529
1 FAMS @F680@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1388@ INDI
1 NAME George /BROOKE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 9th Lord Copham
1 FAMC @F680@
1 FAMS @F682@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1389@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F680@
1 FAMS @F681@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1390@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /WYATT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1503
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1542
1 FAMS @F681@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1391@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /BROOKE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1526
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1565
1 FAMC @F682@
1 FAMS @F683@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1392@ INDI
1 NAME Lila Mae /BITTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1202@
1 SOUR Blundell, William, Rev. Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I1393@ INDI
1 NAME James /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Blickling, Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1561
1 FAMC @F673@
1 FAMS @F684@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1394@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1476
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1479
1 FAMC @F673@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1395@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormonde
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1477
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMC @F673@
1 FAMS @F686@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1396@ INDI
1 NAME William /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMC @F673@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1397@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F673@
1 FAMS @F688@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1398@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F673@
1 FAMS @F690@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1399@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F673@
1 FAMS @F692@
1 FAMS @F693@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1400@ INDI
1 NAME Amata /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F673@
1 FAMS @F694@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1401@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F685@
1 FAMS @F684@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1402@ INDI
1 NAME John /WOOD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F685@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1403@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1538
1 FAMC @F1153@
1 FAMS @F686@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1404@ INDI
1 NAME Anne of York //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1475
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1512
1 FAMC @F411@
1 FAMS @F687@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1405@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F689@
1 FAMS @F688@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1406@ INDI
1 NAME John /TEMPERE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F689@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1407@ INDI
1 NAME John /SACKVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1557
1 FAMS @F690@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1408@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /SACKVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1566
1 FAMC @F690@
1 FAMS @F691@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1409@ INDI
1 NAME Winifred /BRIDGES/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F691@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1410@ INDI
1 NAME John /SHELTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F692@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1411@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /CALTHORPE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F693@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1412@ INDI
1 NAME Philip /CALTHORPE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F694@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1413@ INDI
1 NAME John /SHELTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMC @F692@
1 FAMS @F695@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1414@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /SHELTON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F692@
1 NOTE Nicknamed "Madge"
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1415@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /PARKER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F695@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1416@ INDI
1 NAME George /BOLEYN/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1563
1 FAMC @F686@
1 FAMS @F420@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1417@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BOLEYN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1543
1 FAMC @F686@
1 FAMS @F696@
1 FAMS @F800@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1418@ INDI
1 NAME Jane /PARKER/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1542
1 FAMC @F419@
1 FAMS @F420@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1419@ INDI
1 NAME George //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Dean of Lichfield
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1603
1 FAMC @F420@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1420@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord Morley
1 FAMS @F419@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1421@ INDI
1 NAME William /CAREY/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1528
1 FAMS @F696@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1422@ INDI
1 NAME Duane /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F697@
0 @I1423@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F697@
0 @I1424@ INDI
1 NAME Mark /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F697@
1 SOUR Schonewill, Wendy Anne (Buell). Comment on November 23, 1994.
0 @I1425@ INDI
1 NAME Kevin /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F697@
1 SOUR Schonewill, Wendy Anne (Buell). Comment on November 23, 1994.
0 @I1426@ INDI
1 NAME Darci /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F697@
1 SOUR Schonewill, Wendy Anne (Buell). Comment on November 23, 1994.
0 @I1427@ INDI
1 NAME Dawn /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F697@
1 SOUR Schonewill, Wendy Anne (Buell). Comment on November 23, 1994.
0 @I1428@ INDI
1 NAME Gail /SCHONEWILL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F697@
1 SOUR Schonewill, Wendy Anne (Buell). Comment on November 23, 1994.
0 @I1429@ INDI
1 NAME Elmer /WILSON/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F364@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11).
0 @I1430@ INDI
1 NAME Hans //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1455
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1513
1 FAMC @F699@
1 FAMS @F698@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1431@ INDI
1 NAME Christian I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark, Norway & Sweden
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1426
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1481
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1448/1481
2 PLAC Denmark
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1450/1481
2 PLAC Norway
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1457/1464
2 PLAC Sweden
1 FAMS @F699@
1 NOTE Christian I (1426-81), king of Denmark (1448-81), Norway (1450-81), and 
2 CONT Sweden (1457-64). Christian founded the Oldenburg dynasty in Denmark, 
2 CONT succeeding Christopher III of Bavaria (1418-48) as king. The Union of 
2 CONT Kalmar, formulated in 1397, had united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under 
2 CONT one sovereign. This union was practically dissolved when Christian I 
2 CONT became king of Denmark. Denmark and Norway were reunited, however, when he 
2 CONT ascended the Norwegian throne. Christian seized the Swedish throne in 1457 
2 CONT but was able to enforce his authority in Sweden only intermittently until 
2 CONT his final expulsion in 1471. In 1479 he founded the University of 
2 CONT Copenhagen in the Danish capital.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1432@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 OCT 1471
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 APR 1533
2 PLAC Gottorp
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1523/1533
1 FAMC @F699@
1 FAMS @F702@
1 NOTE He was elected to succeed his deposed nephew, Christian II. Owing his 
2 CONT throne to the nobles, Frederick granted them many privileges, thereby 
2 CONT diminishing the royal power. A sympathizer of Lutheranism, he facilitated 
2 CONT the spread of that faith in his dominions.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1433@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1183
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F1379@
1 NOTE He was called "the Young King".
1 SOUR "Castles" Game Manuel by Interplay Productions
0 @I1434@ INDI
1 NAME Alice //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F376@
1 SOUR "Castles" Game Manuel by Interplay Productions
0 @I1435@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /LE LATIMER/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1270
1 FAMS @F701@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I1436@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander /COMYN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sheriff of Aberdeen
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1270
1 FAMC @F700@
1 FAMS @F701@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I1437@ INDI
1 NAME Christian III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 AUG 1503
2 PLAC Gottorp
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 JAN 1559
2 PLAC Coldingen
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1534/1559
1 FAMC @F702@
1 FAMS @F703@
1 NOTE Christian established Lutheranism as the state religion in all his 
2 CONT dominions, defeating a strong Roman Catholic opposition and confiscating 
2 CONT the lands and properties of the church. He expanded the Danish fleet, 
2 CONT centralized the internal government, annulled the electoral status of the 
2 CONT Danish king by asserting the hereditary right of his line to the Danish 
2 CONT crown, and raised Denmark to a position of power. He was succeeded by his 
2 CONT son Frederick II.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1438@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1534
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1588
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1559/1588
1 FAMC @F703@
1 FAMS @F704@
1 NOTE He began his reign by conquering the independent republic of Dithmarschen 
2 CONT (now a region of Germany) in the western part of the duchy of Holstein. 
2 CONT Encouraged by his success, he began a war with Sweden in 1563; it was, 
2 CONT however, settled under the Peace of Stettin (1570) with little gain for 
2 CONT Denmark. During the latter part of his reign, which was peaceful, he 
2 CONT suppressed piracy on the North and Baltic seas and built the 
2 CONT fortress-castle of Kronborg in Helsingřr (Elsinore). The castle is the 
2 CONT setting of Shakespeare's Hamlet.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1439@ INDI
1 NAME Christian IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1577
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1648
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1588/1648
1 FAMC @F704@
1 FAMS @F705@
1 NOTE His first years on the throne were dominated by regents, but after 1596 he 
2 CONT ruled in his own right. An independent but not always judicious ruler, he 
2 CONT was above all a man of action. He built up the Danish navy, encouraged 
2 CONT industry and commerce, established a regular postal service, and founded a 
2 CONT series of new towns; as a builder he left a lasting mark on Copenhagen. 
2 CONT His foreign ventures were less fortunate. Despite personal bravery, he was 
2 CONT an undistinguished military leader, and his war against Sweden in 1611-13 
2 CONT succeeded in halting Swedish expansion into northern Norway mainly because 
2 CONT the Swedes were otherwise engaged. His participation in the Thirty Years' 
2 CONT War was disastrous, although he managed to win a lenient peace at Lübeck 
2 CONT in 1629. Even worse was the second war with Sweden (1643-45) in which 
2 CONT Denmark lost forever considerable territories in the Scandinavian 
2 CONT Peninsula and the Baltic.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1440@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1609
2 PLAC Haderslev, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1670
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1648/1670
1 FAMC @F705@
1 FAMS @F1484@
1 NOTE He became king in 1648 after he signed a charter greatly restricting the 
2 CONT royal authority. But the power of the nobles was soon undermined by 
2 CONT charges of improper self-enrichment against their leaders, many of whom 
2 CONT were forced to leave the country. In 1657 Frederick began a war against 
2 CONT Sweden to regain provinces lost by his father. He was defeated and in 1658 
2 CONT signed the Treaty of Roskilde, ceding a portion of Norway and some Danish 
2 CONT islands to Sweden. Shortly after the conclusion of peace the Swedes 
2 CONT reopened the war and besieged Copenhagen. With aid from the German region 
2 CONT of Brandenburg, the Danes expelled the Swedes from the Jylland (Jutland) 
2 CONT Peninsula. In 1660, however, deserted by his allies, Frederick was obliged 
2 CONT to make peace, relinquishing all claims to the territories possessed by 
2 CONT Denmark in southern Sweden. In that year both the commons and the clergy 
2 CONT agreed to the transformation of the kingship from an elective to an 
2 CONT absolute and hereditary monarchy.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1441@ INDI
1 NAME Francis II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor of Austria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1768
2 PLAC Florence, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1835
1 FAMC @F706@
1 FAMS @F707@
1 NOTE Francis II (Holy Roman Empire) (1768-1835), last Holy Roman emperor 
2 CONT (1792-1806) and, as Francis I, first emperor of Austria (1804-35). Born in 
2 CONT Florence, Italy, and educated in Vienna, he succeeded his father Leopold 
2 CONT II as Holy Roman emperor. From the start of his reign until 1815 Francis 
2 CONT was involved in the wars of the French Revolution and in the Napoleonic 
2 CONT Wars. After the extension of French control over western Germany and the 
2 CONT reorganization of the German states by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1803, Francis 
2 CONT consolidated his power in Austria, Hungary, Bohemia, and northern Italy 
2 CONT and proclaimed himself emperor of Austria in 1804. Two years later he 
2 CONT formally dissolved the old Holy Roman Empire. As emperor of Austria, 
2 CONT Francis gave Prince Klemens von Metternich almost complete control of 
2 CONT foreign affairs after 1809 and devoted himself to the internal 
2 CONT administration of the empire. The marriage of his daughter Marie Louise 
2 CONT (1791-1847) to Napoleon in 1810 earned for Francis three peaceful years in 
2 CONT which to re-create Austrian strength for participation in the campaign 
2 CONT that would bring about (1814-15) Napoleon's downfall. By the decisions of 
2 CONT the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Francis recovered most of the territory 
2 CONT Austria had lost to Napoleon. The last 20 years of his reign were marked 
2 CONT by paternalistic measures, reactionary tendencies, and repression of 
2 CONT liberalism.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1442@ INDI
1 NAME Marie Louise //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1791
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1848
1 FAMC @F707@
1 FAMS @F708@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1443@ INDI
1 NAME Napoleon I /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emperor of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 AUG 1769
2 PLAC Ajaccio, Corsica
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 MAY 1821
2 PLAC Saint Helena, Atlantic Ocean
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1804/1815
1 FAMC @F709@
1 FAMS @F710@
1 FAMS @F708@
1 NOTE He consolidated and institutionalized many reforms of the French 
2 CONT Revolution. One of the greatest military commanders of all time, he 
2 CONT conquered the larger part of Europe and did much to modernize the nations 
2 CONT he ruled. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT No Buonaparte had ever been a professional soldier. Carlo was a lawyer who 
2 CONT had fought for Corsican independence, but after the French occupied the 
2 CONT island in 1768, he served as a prosecutor and judge and entered the French 
2 CONT aristocracy as a count. Through his father's influence, Napoleon was 
2 CONT educated at the expense of King Louis XVI, at Brienne and the École 
2 CONT Militaire, in Paris. Napoleon graduated in 1785, at the age of 16, and 
2 CONT joined the artillery as a second lieutenant. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT After the Revolution began, he became a lieutenant colonel (1791) in the 
2 CONT Corsican National Guard. In 1793, however, Corsica declared independence, 
2 CONT and Bonaparte, a French patriot and a Republican, fled to France with his 
2 CONT family. He was assigned, as a captain, to an army besieging Toulon, a 
2 CONT naval base that, aided by a British fleet, was in revolt against the 
2 CONT republic. Replacing a wounded artillery general, he seized ground where 
2 CONT his guns could drive the British fleet from the harbor, and Toulon fell. 
2 CONT As a result Bonaparte was promoted to brigadier general at the age of 24. 
2 CONT In 1795 he saved the revolutionary government by dispersing an insurgent 
2 CONT mob in Paris. In 1796 he married Joséphine de Beauharnais, the widow of an 
2 CONT aristocrat guillotined in the Revolution and the mother of two children. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Early Campaigns
2 CONT 
2 CONT Also in 1796, Bonaparte was made commander of the French army in Italy. He 
2 CONT defeated four Austrian generals in succession, each with superior numbers, 
2 CONT and forced Austria and its allies to make peace. The Treaty of Campo 
2 CONT Formio provided that France keep most of its conquests. In northern Italy 
2 CONT he founded the Cisalpine (Italian) Republic (later known as the kingdom of 
2 CONT Italy) and strengthened his position in France by sending millions of 
2 CONT francs worth of treasure to the government. In 1798, to strike at British 
2 CONT trade with the East, he led an expedition to Turkish-ruled Egypt, which he 
2 CONT conquered. His fleet, however, was destroyed by the British admiral 
2 CONT Horatio Nelson, leaving him stranded. Undaunted, he reformed the Egyptian 
2 CONT government and law, abolishing serfdom and feudalism and guaranteeing 
2 CONT basic rights. The French scholars he had brought with him began the 
2 CONT scientific study of ancient Egyptian history. In 1799 he failed to capture 
2 CONT Syria, but he won a smashing victory over the Turks at Abu Qir (Abukir). 
2 CONT France, meanwhile, faced a new coalition; Austria, Russia, and lesser 
2 CONT powers had allied with Britain. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Napoleonic Rule in France
2 CONT     
2 CONT Bonaparte, no modest soul, decided to leave his army and return to save 
2 CONT France. In Paris, he joined a conspiracy against the government. In the 
2 CONT coup d'etat of November 9-10, 1799 (18-19 Brumaire), he and his colleagues 
2 CONT seized power and established a new regime—the Consulate. Under its 
2 CONT constitution, Bonaparte, as first consul, had almost dictatorial powers. 
2 CONT The constitution was revised in 1802 to make Bonaparte consul for life and 
2 CONT in 1804 to create him emperor. Each change received the overwhelming 
2 CONT assent of the electorate. In 1800, he assured his power by crossing the 
2 CONT Alps and defeating the Austrians at Marengo. He then negotiated a general 
2 CONT European peace that established the Rhine River as the eastern border of 
2 CONT France. He also concluded an agreement with the pope (the Concordat of 
2 CONT 1801), which contributed to French domestic tranquillity by ending the 
2 CONT quarrel with the Roman Catholic church that had arisen during the 
2 CONT Revolution. In France the administration was reorganized, the court system 
2 CONT was simplified, and all schools were put under centralized control. French 
2 CONT law was standardized in the Code Napoleon, or civil code, and six other 
2 CONT codes. They guaranteed the rights and liberties won in the Revolution, 
2 CONT including equality before the law and freedom of religion. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Wars of Conquest
2 CONT 
2 CONT In April 1803 Britain, provoked by Napoleon's aggressive behavior, resumed 
2 CONT war with France on the seas; two years later Russia and Austria joined the 
2 CONT British in a new coalition. Napoleon then abandoned plans to invade 
2 CONT England and turned his armies against the Austro-Russian forces, defeating 
2 CONT them at the Battle of Austerlitz on December 2, 1805. In 1806 he seized 
2 CONT the kingdom of Naples and made his elder brother Joseph king, converted 
2 CONT the Dutch Republic into the kingdom of Holland for his brother Louis, and 
2 CONT established the Confederation of the Rhine (most of the German states) of 
2 CONT which he was protector. Prussia then allied itself with Russia and 
2 CONT attacked the confederation. Napoleon destroyed the Prussian army at Jena 
2 CONT and Auerstädt (1806) and the Russian army at Friedland. At Tilsit (July 
2 CONT 1807), Napoleon made an ally of Czar Alexander I and greatly reduced the 
2 CONT size of Prussia (see Tilsit, Treaty of). He also added new states to the 
2 CONT empire: the kingdom of Westphalia, under his brother Jerome, the duchy of 
2 CONT Warsaw, and others. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Napoleon had meanwhile established the Continental System, a 
2 CONT French-imposed blockade of Europe against British goods, designed to 
2 CONT bankrupt what he called the “nation of shopkeepers.” In 1807 Napoleon 
2 CONT seized Portugal. In 1808, he made his brother Joseph king of Spain, 
2 CONT awarding Naples to his brother-in-law, Joachim Murat. Joseph's arrival in 
2 CONT Spain touched off a rebellion there, which became known as the Peninsular 
2 CONT War. Napoleon appeared briefly and scored victories, but after his 
2 CONT departure the fighting continued for five years, with the British backing 
2 CONT Spanish armies and guerrillas. The Peninsular War cost France 300,000 
2 CONT casualties and untold sums of money and contributed to the eventual 
2 CONT weakening of the Napoleonic empire. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1809 Napoleon beat the Austrians again at Wagram, annexed the Illyrian 
2 CONT Provinces (now part of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and 
2 CONT Yugoslavia), and abolished the Papal States. He also divorced Joséphine, 
2 CONT and in 1810 he married the Habsburg archduchess Marie Louise (1791-1847), 
2 CONT daughter of the Austrian emperor. By thus linking his dynasty with the 
2 CONT oldest ruling house in Europe, he hoped that his son, who was born in 
2 CONT 1811, would be more readily accepted by established monarchs. In 1810 
2 CONT also, the empire reached its widest extension with the annexation of 
2 CONT Bremen, Lübeck, and other parts of north Germany, together with the entire 
2 CONT kingdom of Holland, following the forced abdication of Louis Bonaparte. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Napoleonic Rule in Europe
2 CONT 
2 CONT In all the new kingdoms created by the emperor, the Code Napoléon was 
2 CONT established as law. Feudalism and serfdom were abolished, and freedom of 
2 CONT religion established (except in Spain). Each state was granted a 
2 CONT constitution, providing for universal male suffrage and a parliament and 
2 CONT containing a bill of rights. French-style administrative and judicial 
2 CONT systems were required. Schools were put under centralized administration, 
2 CONT and free public schools were envisioned. Higher education was opened to 
2 CONT all who qualified, regardless of class or religion. Every state had an 
2 CONT academy or institute for the promotion of the arts and sciences. Incomes 
2 CONT were provided for eminent scholars, especially scientists. Constitutional 
2 CONT government remained only a promise, but progress and increased efficiency 
2 CONT were widely realized. Not until after Napoleon's fall did the common 
2 CONT people of Europe, alienated from his governments by war taxes and military 
2 CONT conscription, fully appreciate the benefits he had given them. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Napoleon's Downfall
2 CONT 
2 CONT In 1812 Napoleon, whose alliance with Alexander I had disintegrated, 
2 CONT launched an invasion of Russia that ended in a disastrous retreat from 
2 CONT Moscow. Thereafter all Europe united against him, and although he fought 
2 CONT on, and brilliantly, the odds were impossible. In April 1814, his marshals 
2 CONT refused to continue the struggle. After the allies had rejected his 
2 CONT stepping down in favor of his son, Napoleon abdicated unconditionally and 
2 CONT was exiled to the Mediterranean island of Elba. Marie Louise and his son 
2 CONT were put in the custody of her father, the emperor of Austria. Napoleon 
2 CONT never saw either of them again. Napoleon himself, however, soon made a 
2 CONT dramatic comeback. In March 1815, he escaped from Elba, reached France, 
2 CONT and marched on Paris, winning over the troops sent to capture him. In 
2 CONT Paris, he promulgated a new and more democratic constitution, and veterans 
2 CONT of his old campaigns flocked to his support. Napoleon asked peace of the 
2 CONT allies, but they outlawed him, and he decided to strike first. The result 
2 CONT was a campaign into Belgium, which ended in defeat at the Battle of 
2 CONT Waterloo on June 18, 1815. In Paris, crowds begged him to fight on, but 
2 CONT the politicians withdrew their support. Napoleon fled to Rochefort, where 
2 CONT he surrendered to the captain of the British battleship Bellerophon. He 
2 CONT was then exiled to Saint Helena, a remote island in the south Atlantic 
2 CONT Ocean, where he remained until his death from stomach cancer. 
2 CONT  
2 CONT The Napoleonic Legend
2 CONT 
2 CONT The cult of Napoleon as the “man of destiny” began during his lifetime. In 
2 CONT fact, he had begun to cultivate it during his first Italian campaign by 
2 CONT systematically publicizing his victories. As first consul and emperor, he 
2 CONT had engaged the best writers and artists of France and Europe to glorify 
2 CONT his deeds and had contributed to the cult himself by the elaborate 
2 CONT ceremonies with which he celebrated his rule, picturing himself as the 
2 CONT architect of France's greatest glory. He maintained that he had preserved 
2 CONT the achievements of the Revolution in France and offered their benefits to 
2 CONT Europe. His goal, he said, was to found a European state a federation of 
2 CONT free peoples. Whatever the truth of this, he became the arch-hero of the 
2 CONT French and a martyr to the world. In 1840 his remains were returned to 
2 CONT Paris at the request of King Louis-Philippe and interred with great pomp 
2 CONT and ceremony in the Invalides, where they still lie. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Evaluation
2 CONT 
2 CONT Napoleon's influence is evident in France even today. Reminders of him dot 
2 CONT Paris the most obvious being the Arc de Triomphe, the centerpiece of the 
2 CONT city, which was built to commemorate his victories. His spirit pervades 
2 CONT the constitution of the Fifth Republic; the country's basic law is still 
2 CONT the Code Napoléon, and the administrative and judicial systems are 
2 CONT essentially Napoleonic. A uniform state-regulated system of education 
2 CONT persists. Napoleon's radical reforms in all parts of Europe cultivated the 
2 CONT ground for the revolutions of the 19th century. Today, the impact of the 
2 CONT Code Napoléon is apparent in the law of all European countries. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Napoleon was a driven man, never secure, never satisfied. "Power is my 
2 CONT mistress," he said. His life was work-centered; even his social activities 
2 CONT had a purpose. He could bear amusements or vacations only briefly. His 
2 CONT tastes were for coarse food, bad wine, cheap snuff. He could be charming 
2 CONT hypnotically so for a purpose. He had intense loyalties to his family and 
2 CONT old associates. Nothing and no one, however, were allowed to interfere 
2 CONT with his work. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Napoleon was sometimes a tyrant and always an authoritarian, but one who 
2 CONT believed in ruling by mandate of the people, expressed in plebiscites. He 
2 CONT was also a great enlightened monarch a civil executive of enormous 
2 CONT capacity who changed French institutions and tried to reform the 
2 CONT institutions of Europe and give the Continent a common law. Few deny that 
2 CONT he was a military genius. At St. Helena, he said, “Waterloo will erase the 
2 CONT memory of all my victories.” He was wrong; for better or worse, he is best 
2 CONT remembered as a general, not for his enlightened government, but the 
2 CONT latter must be counted if he is justly to be called Napoleon the Great.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1444@ INDI
1 NAME Carlo (Charles) /BUONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1746
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1785
1 FAMS @F709@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1445@ INDI
1 NAME Letizia /RAMOLINO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1750
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1836
1 FAMS @F709@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1446@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1768
2 PLAC Corte, Corsica
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1844
2 PLAC Italy
1 FAMC @F709@
1 NOTE Bonaparte, Joseph (1768-1844), older brother of Napoleon, born in Corte, 
2 CONT Corsica, and educated in law at Pisa, Italy. In 1796 he participated in 
2 CONT his brother's Italian campaign; the following year he served as a diplomat 
2 CONT of the First Republic of France, first at the court of Parma and later at 
2 CONT Rome. Joseph was a member of the Council of Five Hundred, the lower 
2 CONT legislative body of the Directory, in 1798. During the Napoleonic Wars, he 
2 CONT acted as an envoy for his brother, signing treaties with the United 
2 CONT States, Austria, Great Britain, and the Vatican. In 1806 Napoleon made 
2 CONT Joseph king of Naples, where he reigned until 1808, when his brother named 
2 CONT him king of Spain. Five years later Joseph, ousted by Spanish insurgents, 
2 CONT returned to France. In 1815, after the final defeat of Napoleon, Joseph 
2 CONT immigrated to the U.S., remaining there until 1832. He then returned to 
2 CONT Europe, lived briefly in England, but settled in Italy.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1447@ INDI
1 NAME Louis /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Holland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1778
2 PLAC Ajaccio, Corsica
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1846
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1806/1810
1 FAMC @F709@
1 FAMS @F712@
1 NOTE Bonaparte, Louis (1778-1846), younger brother of Napoleon, born in 
2 CONT Ajaccio, Corsica, and educated at the military school at 
2 CONT Châlons-sur-Marne, France. He served with his brother in the Italian 
2 CONT campaign of 1796-97 and in Egypt in 1798-99. Napoleon named him king of 
2 CONT Holland in 1806. When Louis disagreed with his policies, Napoleon 
2 CONT dispatched troops against Holland. Louis abdicated in 1810 and lived most 
2 CONT of the remainder of his life in Italy. In 1802 Napoleon arranged the 
2 CONT marriage of Louis and Hortense de Beauharnais (1783-1837), daughter of 
2 CONT Joséphine de Beauharnais and stepdaughter of Napoleon. A son of Louis and 
2 CONT Hortense, Charles Louis Napoleon, became Emperor Napoleon III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1448@ INDI
1 NAME Jerome /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1782
2 PLAC Ajaccio, Corsica
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1860
1 FAMC @F709@
1 FAMS @F714@
1 FAMS @F715@
1 FAMS @F716@
1 NOTE Bonaparte, Jérôme (1784-1860), youngest brother of Napoleon, born in 
2 CONT Ajaccio, Corsica. He served with the French navy in the West Indies but 
2 CONT left ship and went to the United States, where, in 1803, he married 
2 CONT Elizabeth Patterson (1785-1879); a grandson from this union was the 
2 CONT American public official Charles Joseph Bonaparte. Napoleon, however, 
2 CONT refused to recognize this marriage and in 1807 arranged for a second one, 
2 CONT to Princess Catherine of Württemberg (1783-1835). That same year Napoleon 
2 CONT created the kingdom of Westphalia in northern Germany and made Jérôme its 
2 CONT king. In 1813, when Napoleon's power was declining, Jérôme went into 
2 CONT exile, but he returned to command a division in support of his brother at 
2 CONT Waterloo in 1815. After the final defeat of Napoleon, Jérôme moved about 
2 CONT Europe, living most of the time in Italy. There, he married (1840) 
2 CONT Giustina Pecori, the widow of an Italian nobleman. In 1849, Louis 
2 CONT Napoleon, Jérôme's nephew, became president of France, and Jérôme was made 
2 CONT a marshal of France and president of the Senate. Napoléon Joseph Charles 
2 CONT Paul Bonaparte, Jérôme's son by Catherine of Württemberg, was known as 
2 CONT Prince Napoleon.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1449@ INDI
1 NAME Napoleon II /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1811
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1832
1 FAMC @F708@
1 NOTE Napoleon I named him as successor when he abdicated in 1814. Although the 
2 CONT boy never reigned because the allies refused to accept him, his followers 
2 CONT still allotted him a regnal number.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1450@ INDI
1 NAME Josephine de /BEAUHARNAIS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1763
2 PLAC Martinique, West Indies
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1814
1 FAMS @F711@
1 FAMS @F710@
1 NOTE Beauharnais, Joséphine de, née Marie Josephine Rose Tascher de la Pagerie 
2 CONT (1763-1814), first wife of Napoleon Bonaparte, born in Martinique, West 
2 CONT Indies. In 1779 she married the French army officer Alexandre, vicomte de 
2 CONT Beauharnais (1760-94). Her husband was sympathetic to the Republican cause 
2 CONT in France, but in 1793 he was forced to resign as general of the Army of 
2 CONT the Rhine because he was a nobleman. During the Reign of Terror he was 
2 CONT accused of counterrevolutionary activities, and in 1794 was guillotined. 
2 CONT Two years later Joséphine married Napoleon, and in 1804, when he became 
2 CONT emperor, she became empress of France. Napoleon divorced her in 1809. By 
2 CONT her marriage to Beauharnais, Joséphine was the mother of Eugčne de 
2 CONT Beauharnais and of Hortense de Beauharnais (1783-1837), later the wife of 
2 CONT Napoleon's brother, Louis Bonaparte, and the mother of Napoleon III.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1451@ INDI
1 NAME Alexandre /BEAUHARNAIS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL vicomte de
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1760
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1794
1 FAMS @F711@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1452@ INDI
1 NAME Eugene de /BEAUHARNAIS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F711@
0 @I1453@ INDI
1 NAME Hortense de /BEAUHARNAIS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1783
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1837
1 FAMC @F711@
1 FAMS @F712@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1454@ INDI
1 NAME Napoleon III /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emporer of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 APR 1808
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 JAN 1873
2 PLAC Chislehurst, England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1852/1870
1 FAMC @F712@
1 NOTE He revived the Napoleonic Empire in the mid-19th century and led France to 
2 CONT defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Paris, on April 20, 1808, the 
2 CONT third and last son of King Louis and Queen Hortense (1783-1837) of 
2 CONT Holland, and thus a nephew of Napoleon I. Because the Bonaparte family was 
2 CONT banished from France after his uncle's downfall, Louis Napoleon was 
2 CONT educated privately in Switzerland and Bavaria. His mother schooled him in 
2 CONT the glories of the Napoleonic legend and set his course toward the 
2 CONT recovery of family power. Toward that end, he wrote pamphlets and 
2 CONT treatises to advertise himself and formulate a political program, 
2 CONT portraying himself as social reformer, political liberal, military expert, 
2 CONT and proponent of agricultural and industrial development. He also led two 
2 CONT unsuccessful armed attempts to overthrow the regime of King Louis 
2 CONT Philippe, in 1836 and 1840. Imprisoned for life after the latter, he 
2 CONT managed to escape in 1846, calling renewed attention to himself. 
2 CONT     
2 CONT Leadership of France
2 CONT 
2 CONT Once Louis Philippe was ousted in 1848, Louis Napoleon renewed his quest 
2 CONT by offering himself as a candidate for the presidency of the new French 
2 CONT republic. To the astonishment of political veterans, he won in a 
2 CONT landslide. His triumph was diminished, however, by a Royalist victory in 
2 CONT the legislative elections in 1849 and by the constitution's limiting him 
2 CONT to one 4-year term. He resolved that dilemma by a coup d'état on December 
2 CONT 2, 1851, assuming dictatorial powers and extending his term of office to 
2 CONT ten years. Despite continued pockets of opposition, clear evidence of 
2 CONT widespread popular support encouraged him a year later to convert the 
2 CONT Second Republic into the Second Empire; because Napoleon I's son (died 
2 CONT 1832) had been known to his followers as Napoleon II, he took the title 
2 CONT Napoleon III. Historians divide his reign into two periods. The 
2 CONT dictatorship persisted until 1860; thereafter he began a series of liberal 
2 CONT reforms that culminated in a limited monarchy, the Liberal Empire, on 
2 CONT January 2, 1870. This liberalization was marked by labor legislation, a 
2 CONT movement toward free trade, and a revival of opposition parties. Perhaps 
2 CONT Napoleon III's most durable work was the reconstruction of Paris. His 
2 CONT successes, however, were overshadowed by a foreign policy that was too 
2 CONT often idealistic, blinding the emperor to real dangers to French security. 
2 CONT The threat from Prussia, in particular, was perceived too late and caught 
2 CONT the French unprepared in every respect when war came in 1870. Swift defeat 
2 CONT in the field led to Napoleon's capture, and his regime was overthrown in 
2 CONT Paris on September 4, 1870. He died in exile.
2 CONT     
2 CONT Evaluation
2 CONT 
2 CONT Napoleon III's reputation in France collapsed in the aftermath of the 
2 CONT shocking defeat and has never entirely recovered. The reevaluation of his 
2 CONT place in history has been more the work of foreign historians, untouched 
2 CONT by the national humiliation of 1870, who recognized his good intentions. 
2 CONT His place in history will ultimately depend upon whether his social and 
2 CONT economic goals are deemed necessary and desirable. His despotism now 
2 CONT appears to have been relatively benevolent, and the responsibility for 
2 CONT military failure in 1870 is no longer attributed to him alone.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Williams, Roger L.
0 @I1455@ INDI
1 NAME Ferdinand I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1793
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1875
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1835/1848
2 PLAC Austria
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1830/1848
2 PLAC Hungary
1 FAMC @F707@
1 NOTE Ferdinand was completely controlled by the reactionary Austrian statesman 
2 CONT Prince Klemens von Metternich; and, after the revolutionary outbreak of 
2 CONT December 1848 forced Metternich from office, Ferdinand abdicated in favor 
2 CONT of his nephew Francis Joseph I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1456@ INDI
1 NAME John of Austria //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1547
2 PLAC Regensburg, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1578
1 FAMC @F4860@
1 NOTE John of Austria, in Spanish, Juan de Austria (1547-78), Spanish general, 
2 CONT an illegitimate son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, born in Regensburg, 
2 CONT Germany. Charles recognized his son, who was commonly called Don Juan, in 
2 CONT his will and entrusted him to the care of his legitimate son King Philip 
2 CONT II of Spain. In 1568 John was given the command of a squadron that 
2 CONT operated against the Barbary pirates of North Africa, and in 1569-70 he 
2 CONT suppressed a revolt of the Moors who were located in Granada. In 1571, 
2 CONT when the pope, Spain, and Venice formed the Holy League to put down the 
2 CONT Ottoman Turks, John was given supreme command of a large fleet of galleys, 
2 CONT with which he won a great victory over the superior forces of the Turks at 
2 CONT the naval Battle of Lepanto. He took Tunis from the Turks in 1573. In 1576 
2 CONT Philip II appointed him governor-general of the Netherlands, which at that 
2 CONT time was rebelling against Spanish rule. In 1578 he defeated the Dutch in 
2 CONT the Battle of Gembloux, but his campaign failed shortly before his death 
2 CONT because of lack of Spanish support.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1457@ INDI
1 NAME Jean d'Albert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Navarre
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1516
1 FAMC @F556@
0 @I1458@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /PATTERSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1785
2 PLAC United States of America
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1879
1 FAMS @F714@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1459@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Wuttemburg
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1783
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1835
1 FAMS @F715@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1460@ INDI
1 NAME Giustina /PECORI/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F716@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1461@ INDI
1 NAME Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1822
2 PLAC Trieste, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1891
1 FAMC @F715@
1 FAMS @F718@
1 NOTE Bonaparte, Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul, called Prince Napoleon, or 
2 CONT Plon-Plon (1822-91), son of Jérôme Bonaparte, born in Trieste, Italy. He 
2 CONT was banished from France in 1845 because of his dealings with Republican 
2 CONT groups but returned with his father in 1847 and was elected to the 
2 CONT National Assembly the following year. During the Crimean War he commanded 
2 CONT an infantry division at the battles of Alma and Inkerman. He married 
2 CONT Clothilde (1843-1911), the elder daughter of King Victor Emmanuel II of 
2 CONT Sardinia, in 1859, and during the Franco-Prussian War he tried vainly to 
2 CONT enlist his father-in-law's support. When the prince imperial, Napoleon 
2 CONT III's son, died in Zululand, South Africa, in 1879, Prince Napoleon became 
2 CONT a pretender to the throne. He was exiled by the Republican government in 
2 CONT 1886 and died five years later.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1462@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F714@
1 FAMS @F717@
0 @I1463@ INDI
1 NAME Charles Joseph /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1851
2 PLAC Baltimore, Maryland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1921
1 FAMC @F717@
1 NOTE Bonaparte, Charles Joseph (1851-1921), American public official, grandson 
2 CONT of Jérôme Bonaparte, born in Baltimore, Maryland, and graduated from 
2 CONT Harvard University and Harvard Law School. He practiced law in Baltimore 
2 CONT and became prominent in municipal and national reform movements. He was a 
2 CONT member of the Board of Indian Commissioners (1902-4), chairman of the 
2 CONT National Civil Service Reform League (1904), and president of the National 
2 CONT Municipal League (1905). For ten years, beginning in 1891, he was an 
2 CONT overseer of Harvard, and he was made a trustee of the Catholic University 
2 CONT of America in 1904. He was appointed (1905) secretary of the navy in the 
2 CONT cabinet of President Theodore Roosevelt and served as attorney general 
2 CONT (1906-9).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1464@ INDI
1 NAME Clothilde //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1843
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1911
1 FAMC @F422@
1 FAMS @F718@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1465@ INDI
1 NAME John /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1528
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1552
1 FAMC @F720@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1466@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /FILLOL/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1535
1 FAMS @F720@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1467@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1529
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1593
1 FAMC @F720@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1468@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /STANHOPE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1497
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1587
1 FAMS @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1469@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1537
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMC @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1470@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1540
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1588
1 FAMC @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1471@ INDI
1 NAME Lucien /BONAPARTE/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1775
2 PLAC Ajaccio, Corsica
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1840
1 FAMC @F709@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1472@ INDI
1 NAME Beverly J. /MCCARTY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 OCT 1930
2 SOUR Buell, Beverly Anne (Wenge).  letter addressed to Kim & Barb Buell dated 
3 CONT Mar 27, 1995.
1 FAMS @F724@
1 NOTE RESIDENCES: Rt. 2 Box 1581-C, Lot 143 Pine Circle, Lakeside, Arizona 85929
1 SOUR Buell, Barbara Jo (Slingerland)
1 SOUR Business Card of Donald R. Wenge & Beverly J. McCarty. ABT 1993
0 @I1473@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1290
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1357
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1325/1357
1 FAMC @F726@
1 FAMS @F725@
1 NOTE Alfonso IV, called The Brave (1290-1357), king of Portugal (1325-57), the 
2 CONT son of Diniz, whom he succeeded, and grandson of Alfonso III. He ordered 
2 CONT the murder of Ines de Castro, the wife of his son Dom Pedro (1320-67). She 
2 CONT was a member of the Castilian royal family, and Alfonso IV feared the 
2 CONT marriage would hurt Portugal politically.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1474@ INDI
1 NAME Inés de /CASTRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1320
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1355
1 FAMS @F486@
1 NOTE Castro, Inés de (1320?-55), Spanish noblewoman, descended from the 
2 CONT Castilian line, whose unhappy fate has been the subject of tragedies and 
2 CONT poems. After 1340, Inés lived with her cousin Constantia (died 1345), who 
2 CONT was later the wife of Dom Pedro (1320-67), son of Alfonso IV, king of 
2 CONT Portugal. After the death of Constantia, Dom Pedro secretly married Inés. 
2 CONT Alfonso feared that this union might affect the claim to the throne of his 
2 CONT grandson, Constantia's son, and he therefore had Inés executed. Dom Pedro 
2 CONT declared civil war against Alfonso, but they were soon reconciled. 
2 CONT According to legend, when Pedro became king (as Pedro I) he established 
2 CONT the legality of his marriage with Inés and had her body exhumed and placed 
2 CONT on the throne.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1475@ INDI
1 NAME Diniz //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1261
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1325
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1279/1325
1 FAMC @F727@
1 FAMS @F726@
1 NOTE Diniz, in English, Denis (1261-1325), king of Portugal (1279-1325), the 
2 CONT son of King Alfonso III. Diniz's reign was notable for the termination of 
2 CONT the wars between Portugal and the united kingdoms of Léon and Castile, 
2 CONT achieved by intermarriage between his family and that of King Ferdinand IV 
2 CONT of Léon and Castile; and for encouragement of Portuguese agriculture, 
2 CONT trade, and arts. He founded schools for the study of agriculture and 
2 CONT improved methods of cultivation; because of his interest in agriculture he 
2 CONT became known as Ré Lavrador (the Farmer King). Diniz also made Portuguese 
2 CONT the language of the law courts in his kingdom. A poet himself, he was a 
2 CONT patron of artists and musicians and of education, establishing the 
2 CONT University of Coimbra (at Lisbon, 1290; moved to Coimbra, 1306). He made 
2 CONT (1294) a commercial treaty with England that benefited Portuguese trade 
2 CONT and established (1317) a royal navy. He was succeeded by his son, Alfonso 
2 CONT IV.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1476@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1210
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1279
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1248/1279
1 FAMC @F728@
1 FAMS @F727@
1 NOTE Alfonso III (1210-79), king of Portugal (1248-79), who seized the throne 
2 CONT after a two-year civil war with his brother Sancho II, who had ruled since 
2 CONT 1223. Alfonso III's father was Alfonso II. In 1250-51 Alfonso conquered 
2 CONT the Moorish kingdom of Algarve for Portugal.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1477@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke
1 FAMS @F742@
0 @I1478@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1185
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1223
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1211/1223
1 FAMC @F729@
1 FAMS @F728@
1 NOTE Alfonso II (of Portugal), called The Fat (1185-1223), king of Portugal 
2 CONT (1211-23), the son of Sancho I (1154-1211), whom he succeeded. In 1217 he 
2 CONT defeated the Moors at the village of Alcácer do Sal. He was excommunicated 
2 CONT later by Pope Honorius III (reigned 1188-1227) for misuse of church 
2 CONT moneys. His son Sancho II (1208-48) succeeded him.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1479@ INDI
1 NAME Sancho II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1208
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1248
1 FAMC @F728@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1480@ INDI
1 NAME Sancho I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1154
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1211
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1185/1211
1 FAMC @F730@
1 FAMS @F729@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1481@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1109
1 DEAT
2 DATE 6 DEC 1185
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1139/1185
1 FAMC @F731@
1 FAMS @F730@
1 NOTE (in Portuguese, Alfonso Henriques)  As an infant, he inherited his 
2 CONT father's title, and in 1128 he defeated his mother in battle. He began a 
2 CONT long struggle for independence from León soon thereafter; he won this war 
2 CONT in 1139. On July 25 of that year he also won a decisive victory over the 
2 CONT Moors at Qurique and proclaimed himself king of Portugal. His subsequent 
2 CONT victories over the Moors included the capture of Santarém in 1147, and, 
2 CONT with the help of Crusaders en route to the Holy Land, the capture of 
2 CONT Lisbon in October of that year.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1482@ INDI
1 NAME Henry of Burgundy //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Portugal
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1068
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1112
1 FAMS @F731@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1483@ INDI
1 NAME Teresa //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1070
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1130
1 FAMS @F731@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1484@ INDI
1 NAME Alfonso V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1432
2 PLAC Cintra
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1481
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1438/1481
1 FAMC @F646@
1 FAMS @F732@
1 NOTE Alfonso V (of Portugal), called The African (1432-81), king of Portugal 
2 CONT (1438-81), son of King Edward (1391-1438), born in Cintra (now Sintra). He 
2 CONT succeeded to the throne in 1438, but his powers were delegated to a 
2 CONT regency. In 1448 he dissolved the regency and assumed control of the 
2 CONT government. In 1449 he quelled an insurrection led by his uncle Pedro 
2 CONT (1392?-1449), who had seized the regency from the queen mother. Between 
2 CONT 1458 and 1471 he fought a series of successful wars against the Moors in 
2 CONT northwestern Africa. He attacked the kingdom of Castile in 1476, but was 
2 CONT defeated. Portuguese exploration of the west coast of Africa, a project 
2 CONT begun by Henry the Navigator, prince of Portugal, continued during the 
2 CONT reign of Alfonso V.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1485@ INDI
1 NAME John II (Joăo) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1455
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1495
1 FAMC @F732@
1 NOTE John II (of Portugal), in Portuguese, Joăo II, called The Perfect 
2 CONT (1455-95), the son of King Alfonso V, born in Lisbon. He acted as regent 
2 CONT from 1475 to 1477 during his father's absences from the kingdom. As king, 
2 CONT John limited the power of the aristocracy and dealt severely with the 
2 CONT nobles who opposed him, condemning one to death and killing another by his 
2 CONT own hand. During his reign, the western coast of Africa was explored by 
2 CONT Portuguese navigators: Diogo Cam discovered the mouth of the Congo River 
2 CONT and Bartholomeu Dias discovered the Cape of Good Hope. By the Treaty of 
2 CONT Tordesillas (1494), Portugal and Spain settled rival colonial claims by 
2 CONT dividing the non-Christian world between themselves. John was succeeded by 
2 CONT his cousin and brother-in-law, Emanuel.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1486@ INDI
1 NAME John III (Joăo) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1502
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1557
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1521/1557
1 FAMC @F651@
1 NOTE John III (of Portugal), in Portuguese, Joăo III (1502-57), king of 
2 CONT Portugal (1521-57), the son of King Emanuel. At his accession Portugal was 
2 CONT at the height of its power, but during his reign its influence began to 
2 CONT wane. Colonial enterprise, however, continued; Portuguese title to Brazil 
2 CONT was confirmed by the Congress of Badajoz in 1524 and the country's Asian 
2 CONT possessions were expanded. John established the Inquisition in Portugal in 
2 CONT 1531, under his brother Henry, who later became king. John also allowed 
2 CONT the Jesuits to enter the country in 1540, and their influence in education 
2 CONT became dominant toward the end of his reign.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1487@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1512
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1580
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1578/1580
1 FAMC @F651@
1 NOTE Henry (of Portugal) (1512-80), king of Portugal (1578-80), son of King 
2 CONT Emanuel of Portugal. Henry was educated for the priesthood and at about 
2 CONT age 27 was consecrated bishop of Evora and appointed grand inquisitor of 
2 CONT Portugal. Under his direction the Inquisition became a powerful force in 
2 CONT the country, and Henry was made a cardinal in 1545. He acted as regent for 
2 CONT his nephew, King Sebastian (1554-78), during the minority of the young 
2 CONT king. In 1578 Henry succeeded to the throne when Sebastian was killed at 
2 CONT the Battle of the Three Kings in Morocco. Henry left no heir, and the Avis 
2 CONT dynasty ended with him. Philip II of Spain succeeded him as king of 
2 CONT Portugal.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1488@ INDI
1 NAME Philip IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain, Naples, Sicily & Portugal
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1605
2 PLAC Valladolid, Spain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1665
1 FAMC @F494@
1 FAMS @F457@
1 FAMS @F4038@
1 NOTE Philip IV (of Spain, Naples, and Sicily) (1605-65), king of Spain, Naples, 
2 CONT and Sicily (1621-65), and, as Philip III, king of Portugal (1621-40), the 
2 CONT eldest son of Philip III, king of Spain, born in Valladolid. A weak ruler, 
2 CONT like his father, he entrusted the administration of affairs to others, 
2 CONT initially to his prime minister, Gaspar de Guzmán, conde de Olivares 
2 CONT (1587-1645). During Philip's reign the political and economic decline of 
2 CONT Spain was accelerated by exhausting wars with Portugal, the Netherlands, 
2 CONT and France and by the policy of supporting the Habsburg cause in Germany 
2 CONT during the Thirty Years' War. His reign was marked by the loss of Portugal 
2 CONT in 1640, by revolt in Catalonia from 1640 to 1653, and by a rebellion in 
2 CONT Naples in 1647. By the Peace of Westphalia (1648), Spain was forced to 
2 CONT recognize the independence of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, 
2 CONT which consisted of the seven northern provinces. In 1659 Spain ceded 
2 CONT Roussillon and part of the Spanish Netherlands to France under the terms 
2 CONT of the Peace of the Pyrenees. A patron of arts and letters, Philip 
2 CONT encouraged the work of the painter Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez, 
2 CONT the dramatist Lope de Vega, and the poet Pedro Calderón de la Barca.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1489@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1602
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1644
1 FAMC @F492@
1 FAMS @F457@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1490@ INDI
1 NAME Christina //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1606
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1663
1 FAMC @F492@
1 FAMS @F734@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1491@ INDI
1 NAME Henrietta Maria //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F492@
1 FAMS @F733@
1 NOTE Henrietta Maria (1609-69), queen consort of England, the wife of King 
2 CONT Charles I and mother of Charles II. She was the daughter of Henry IV of 
2 CONT France and Marie de Médicis. Henrietta Maria's brother, Louis XIII, king 
2 CONT of France, consented in 1624 to her marriage to Charles, then prince of 
2 CONT Wales, on the condition that the English laws directed against Roman 
2 CONT Catholics be revised; the marriage took place, but the laws were not 
2 CONT revised. Because Henrietta Maria engaged in political intrigue to aid the 
2 CONT Roman Catholic cause, the queen greatly increased the unpopularity of her 
2 CONT husband. In 1642, after the outbreak of the English Revolution, she went 
2 CONT to the Continent to secure assistance for the Royalists. The following 
2 CONT year she returned with money and joined Charles at Oxford. The situation 
2 CONT grew worse for the Royalists, however, and in 1644 Henrietta Maria fled to 
2 CONT France. She continued to solicit aid for Charles until his execution in 
2 CONT 1649. After the restoration of Charles II in 1660 she was awarded a 
2 CONT parliamentary grant and permission to live in England; she returned to 
2 CONT France in 1665.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1492@ INDI
1 NAME Charles II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Spain
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1661
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1700
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1665/1700
1 FAMC @F4038@
1 FAMS @F4637@
1 NOTE Charles II (of Spain) (1661-1700), king of Spain (1665-1700). He was the 
2 CONT son of Philip IV. Spain was controlled by a regency during the decade of 
2 CONT his minority and then alternately by French or Austrian factions in his 
2 CONT court. During his reign Spain rapidly declined as an international power. 
2 CONT Charles willed the throne to Philip of Anjou, the grandson of Louis XIV of 
2 CONT France, thus precipitating the War of the Spanish Succession.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1493@ INDI
1 NAME Victor Amadeus I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Savoy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1637
1 FAMS @F734@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1494@ INDI
1 NAME Julia /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F28@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I1495@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F28@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I1496@ INDI
1 NAME Lavonia /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F28@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I1497@ INDI
1 NAME Ann Clementine /BUELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F28@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I1498@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor,King of Germany,Sic & Jerusalem
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 DEC 1194
2 PLAC Lesi, Italy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1250
1 FAMC @F743@
1 FAMS @F735@
1 FAMS @F1398@
1 NOTE Frederick II (Holy Roman Empire) (1194-1250), Holy Roman emperor (1215-50) 
2 CONT and as Frederick I, king of Sicily (1198-1212). 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Born in Lesi, Italy, on December 26, 1194, Frederick was the son of Henry 
2 CONT VI and grandson of Frederick I, Holy Roman emperor. He was made German 
2 CONT king in 1196 and on the death of his father two years later became king of 
2 CONT Sicily. When his mother, Constance of Sicily (1146-98), acting as regent, 
2 CONT died several months later, the four-year-old prince was placed under the 
2 CONT guardianship of Pope Innocent III, the new regent of Sicily. Emperor Otto 
2 CONT IV was deposed in 1211, and the German princes selected Frederick to 
2 CONT replace him. A contest for the imperial throne ensued, because Otto was 
2 CONT unwilling to relinquish the crown. Supported by the papacy, to which he 
2 CONT promised many concessions, and aided by the French, Frederick was 
2 CONT eventually secure in his title. He was crowned king of Germany at 
2 CONT Aix-la-Chapelle (now Aachen, Germany) in 1215 and Holy Roman emperor at 
2 CONT Rome in 1220. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT On his coronation Frederick made a number of elaborate promises to the 
2 CONT church, including a vow that he would go on a Crusade. He postponed the 
2 CONT Crusade, however, because of an outbreak of anarchy in Sicily and because 
2 CONT of the resistance of the Lombard cities, which in 1226 renewed the Lombard 
2 CONT League, originally formed against his grandfather, Frederick I. The 
2 CONT following year Frederick annulled the Treaty of Constance and put the 
2 CONT Lombard cities under the ban of the empire. Threatened several times with 
2 CONT excommunication if he did not fulfill his coronation pledge, Frederick 
2 CONT determined to sail for Jerusalem in 1227. An epidemic forced him to return 
2 CONT three days after his departure, whereupon Pope Gregory IX declared him 
2 CONT excommunicated. In 1228 Frederick led the Fifth Crusade to the Holy Land, 
2 CONT where he took Jerusalem and concluded a 10-year truce with the sultan of 
2 CONT Egypt. Having married Yolande (1212-28?), the young daughter of the 
2 CONT titular king of Jerusalem, John of Brienne, and having assumed his title 
2 CONT upon her death, Frederick was crowned king of Jerusalem in that city in 
2 CONT 1229. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT He returned to Europe and spent many of his remaining years attempting to 
2 CONT bring the Lombards under subjection. During intermittent struggles with 
2 CONT the papacy he was excommunicated twice again, by Pope Gregory IX in 1239 
2 CONT and in 1245 by Pope Innocent IV. His participation in costly wars in Italy 
2 CONT caused him to neglect the welfare of his German subjects. Frederick 
2 CONT managed to establish peace, prosperity, and order in Sicily, however, 
2 CONT promulgating there in 1231 a comprehensive code of laws, described as the 
2 CONT best issued by any Western ruler since the reign of Charlemagne. Frederick 
2 CONT also made worthy contributions to learning in Italy. Because he was a man 
2 CONT of culture, he gathered scholars and men of letters at his Sicilian court, 
2 CONT which Dante called the birthplace of Italian poetry. The University of 
2 CONT Naples was founded by Frederick in 1224. For about a century after his 
2 CONT death, on December 13, 1250, the belief persisted that Frederick was still 
2 CONT alive. According to one famous legend, Frederick resides in a cave in the 
2 CONT Kyffhäuser Mountains, in the region of Thuringia, awaiting the summons of 
2 CONT the German people to return and restore peace in the empire. The legend 
2 CONT was later interpreted to refer to Frederick I.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1499@ INDI
1 NAME Conrad IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Germany & Sicily
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1228
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1254
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1237/1254
1 FAMC @F735@
1 FAMS @F736@
1 NOTE Conrad IV (1228-54), king of Germany (1237-54), son of Frederick II, the 
2 CONT last great Holy Roman emperor of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. During his 
2 CONT father's lifetime, in 1237, Conrad was elected king of the Romans while 
2 CONT Frederick ruled Italy and Sicily. Pope Innocent IV deposed Frederick II in 
2 CONT 1245, and the papal faction of princes in Germany elected Henry Raspe, 
2 CONT count of Thuringia (1202?-47), as antiking in 1246. Germany was beset by 
2 CONT conflict, which continued after Raspe's death with the election in 1248 of 
2 CONT another antiking, William of Holland. After the death of Frederick II in 
2 CONT 1250, William and Conrad both claimed the succession as Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor, but neither was crowned. Conrad succeeded his father as king of 
2 CONT Sicily and consolidated his position by conquering his native Apulia and 
2 CONT the cities of Capua and Naples in Italy. Conrad was the last of the 
2 CONT Hohenstaufen dynasty; his son, Conradin (1252-68), never became king. 
2 CONT Germany and the empire had no recognized ruler for 19 years following his 
2 CONT reign. The period has thus been designated the Great Interregnum of the 
2 CONT Holy Roman Empire.
0 @I1500@ INDI
1 NAME Conradin //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1252
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1268
1 FAMC @F736@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1501@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1165
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1199
1 FAMC @F147@
1 FAMS @F737@
1 FAMS @F1383@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1502@ INDI
1 NAME William II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sicily
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1154
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1189
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1166/1189
1 FAMC @F738@
1 FAMS @F737@
1 NOTE William II (of Sicily), called The Good (1154-89), Norman king of Sicily 
2 CONT (1166-89), the son of William I. Entertaining hopes of a Mediterranean 
2 CONT empire, he sought (1172) marriage with Maria Comnena, daughter of the 
2 CONT Byzantine emperor Manuel I. That failing, he embarked (1174-75) upon an 
2 CONT unsuccessful attempt at conquest in North Africa. He later married (1177) 
2 CONT Joan Plantagenet (1165-99), daughter of Henry II of England, and launched 
2 CONT a campaign (1185) against Byzantium. Repulsed, he planned participation in 
2 CONT the Third Crusade but died before joining it.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1503@ INDI
1 NAME William I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sicily
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1120
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1166
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1154/1166
1 FAMC @F465@
1 FAMS @F738@
1 NOTE William I (of Sicily) (1120-66), Norman king of Sicily (1154-66). The son 
2 CONT of King Roger II, William continued his father's policy of excluding the 
2 CONT principal nobles from participation in the central government. Encouraged 
2 CONT by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) and Byzantine Emperor 
2 CONT Manuel I Comnenus, the nobles rose in rebellion, but by 1160 William 
2 CONT succeeded in crushing them. In 1159 he had also helped to install Pope 
2 CONT Alexander III in the Holy See against Frederick's opposition and the 
2 CONT claims of several antipopes.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1504@ INDI
1 NAME Conrad III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Germany
1 FAMC @F742@
0 @I1505@ INDI
1 NAME Carloman //
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 830
1 DEAT
2 DATE 880
1 FAMC @F739@
1 FAMS @F740@
1 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
0 @I1506@ INDI
1 NAME Arnulf //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 850
2 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 DEC 899
2 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 887/899
1 FAMC @F740@
1 FAMS @F741@
0 @I1507@ INDI
1 NAME Liutswind //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F740@
1 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
0 @I1508@ INDI
1 NAME Louis III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 893
1 DEAT
2 DATE 911
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 899/911
1 FAMC @F741@
1 NOTE Louis III (of Germany), called The Child (893-911), king of Germany 
2 CONT (899-911), son of Holy Roman Emperor Arnulf. Louis did not succeed his 
2 CONT father as Holy Roman emperor. He entrusted the government of Germany to 
2 CONT Hatto I, archbishop of Mainz (850?-913). Louis's reign was marked by 
2 CONT Hungarian invasions.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1509@ INDI
1 NAME Henry VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Sicily
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1165
2 PLAC Nijmegen
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1197
1 FAMC @F744@
1 FAMS @F743@
0 @I1510@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany & Italy
1 FAMC @F1039@
1 FAMS @F744@
1 NOTE Frederick I (Holy Roman Empire), called Frederick Barbarossa (1123?-90), 
2 CONT Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany (1152-90), king of Italy (1155-90), 
2 CONT and as Frederick III, duke of Swabia (1147-52, 1167-68). He was born in 
2 CONT Waiblingen, the son of Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, duke of Swabia 
2 CONT (1090-1147), and the nephew of Conrad III, king of Germany. Conrad III, 
2 CONT favoring Frederick over his own son, on his deathbed recommended to the 
2 CONT German princes that Frederick be chosen for the German kingship and the 
2 CONT imperial throne. Accordingly, after the death of his uncle in 1152, 
2 CONT Frederick Barbarossa was made German king and elected Holy Roman emperor. 
2 CONT He conceived of his imperial title as a grant from God, through the German 
2 CONT princes, and wished to restore the glory of the Roman Empire. He 
2 CONT consequently decided to consolidate the imperial position in Germany and 
2 CONT Italy and began by issuing a general order for peace among the princes of 
2 CONT Germany, at the same time granting them extensive concessions. In 1154 he 
2 CONT proceeded to Italy, where he received the Lombard crown at Pavia. The 
2 CONT following year he was crowned Holy Roman emperor by Pope Adrian IV, whose 
2 CONT authority Frederick had reinstated before his coronation. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1156 Pope Adrian aroused Frederick against the papacy by implying in a 
2 CONT letter to him that the emperor held lands only as a fief from the pope. 
2 CONT Two years later Frederick incurred the hostility of the Lombards by 
2 CONT demanding recognition of all his royal rights, including his power to 
2 CONT appoint the imperial podesta, or governor, in every town. Such cities as 
2 CONT Milan, Piacenza, Brescia, and Crema considered that demand a denial of 
2 CONT their communal liberties and in 1158 began a struggle that lasted until 
2 CONT 1183 and required Frederick to lead five expeditions to Italy. Between 
2 CONT 1158 and 1162 Frederick warred with Milan and its allies, subduing that 
2 CONT city and confirming claims to other Italian cities. Meanwhile Frederick 
2 CONT had set up a series of antipopes in opposition to the reigning pope, 
2 CONT Alexander III, who espoused the cause of the Milanese and their allies and 
2 CONT who, in 1165, excommunicated Frederick. By attacking the Leonine City in 
2 CONT Rome in 1167-68, Frederick was able to install one of the antipopes, 
2 CONT Paschal III (died 1168), on the papal throne. The Lombard League, 
2 CONT consisting of the cities of Milan, Parma, Padua, Verona, Piacenza, 
2 CONT Bologna, Cremona, Mantua, Bergamo, and Brescia, was formed in 1167 and 
2 CONT eventually acknowledged Pope Alexander as leader. During the next seven 
2 CONT years the league acquired military strength, rebuilt Milan, constructed 
2 CONT the fortress city of Alessandria, and organized a federal system of 
2 CONT administration. The fifth expedition (1174-76) of Frederick to Italy 
2 CONT terminated in defeat by the Lombard League at Legnano. The defeat was 
2 CONT significant in military history, because it was the first major triumph of 
2 CONT infantry over a mounted army of feudal knights. Frederick was forced in 
2 CONT 1177 to acknowledge Alexander III as pope and in 1183 to sign the Peace of 
2 CONT Constance, acceding to the demands of the Lombards for autonomy but 
2 CONT retaining imperial suzerainty over the towns. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Although imperial control in Italy was virtually ended by his defeat at 
2 CONT Legnano, Frederick managed to enhance his prestige in central Europe. He 
2 CONT made Poland tributary to the empire, raised Bohemia to the rank of a 
2 CONT kingdom, and erected the margravate of Austria into an independent 
2 CONT hereditary duchy. His own power as emperor in Germany was firmly 
2 CONT established in 1180, when he ended his long struggle with the Welfs by 
2 CONT putting down a revolt led by the Welf Henry the Lion and depriving him of 
2 CONT most of his lands. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Frederick initiated the Third Crusade in 1189, and in the next year, 
2 CONT having resigned the government of the empire to his son Henry, later Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Henry VI, set out for Asia Minor. After gaining two great 
2 CONT victories over the Muslims at Philomelion (now Akłehir) and Iconium (now 
2 CONT Konya), he was drowned in the Calycadnus (now Göksu) River in Cilicia (now 
2 CONT in Turkey) on June 10, 1190.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1511@ INDI
1 NAME Charles Louis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Elector Palatine, Duke of Bavaria
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1617
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1680
1 FAMC @F456@
1 FAMS @F4646@
1 NOTE He was also a knight of the Garter.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1512@ INDI
1 NAME Rubert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1619
2 PLAC Prague, Czechoslovakia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1682
1 FAMC @F456@
1 NOTE Rupert, Prince (1619-82), third son of Frederick V, elector Palastine 
2 CONT (1596-1632), and nephew of King Charles I of England, born in Prague. 
2 CONT After a year and a half at the English court, he fought (1637-38) against 
2 CONT the imperialists during the Thirty Years' War. In 1648 he commanded the 
2 CONT portion of the English Fleet that remained loyal to the king during the 
2 CONT wars of the English Revolution, but in 1650 he was defeated by the 
2 CONT parliamentary admiral Robert Blake. After ten years in exile, Rupert 
2 CONT returned to England at the time of the Restoration. In 1670 he became one 
2 CONT of the founders of the Hudson's Bay Company, and part of the Canadian 
2 CONT territory was named Rupert's Land in his honor. In 1673 he sailed against 
2 CONT the Dutch as an admiral of the English Fleet. Rupert also conducted 
2 CONT scientific experiments and pursued the art of mezzotinting, at which he 
2 CONT distinguished himself.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1513@ INDI
1 NAME Roger I //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1031
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1101
1 FAMC @F746@
1 FAMS @F745@
1 NOTE Roger I (circa 1031-1101), Norman conqueror of Sicily. Born in Normandy, 
2 CONT Roger joined his elder brother Robert Guiscard in southern Italy (1057), 
2 CONT helping him to win control of that region from the Byzantines. In 1061 he 
2 CONT and Robert captured the Sicilian town of Messina from its Muslim rulers, 
2 CONT and over the next three decades Roger gradually extended Norman power at 
2 CONT the expense of the various Muslim states on the island, completing 
2 CONT conquest of Sicily in 1091. While Robert was alive, the brothers shared 
2 CONT control of both Sicily and the Italian mainland; after his death in 1085, 
2 CONT Roger made himself ruler of Sicily, leaving the other Norman domains to 
2 CONT Robert's son, Roger of Apulia (circa 1060-1111). He adopted the title of 
2 CONT count and was made papal legate in Sicily by Pope Urban II in 1098. Roger 
2 CONT introduced Catholicism into Sicily but was tolerant of his Muslim and 
2 CONT Greek Orthodox subjects. His son, Roger II, founded the kingdom of Sicily.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1514@ INDI
1 NAME Simon //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Sicily
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1105
1 FAMC @F745@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1515@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F746@
0 @I1516@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /GUISCARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1015
2 PLAC Coutances, Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1085
2 PLAC Kefallinia, Greece
1 FAMC @F746@
1 FAMS @F747@
1 NOTE Guiscard, Robert (1015?-85), Norman adventurer, born near Coutances in 
2 CONT Normandy. Like many other impoverished Norman knights, Guiscard went to 
2 CONT Italy, arriving there about 1046. After serving in the forces of the 
2 CONT prince of Capua, he organized an army to secure possessions for himself in 
2 CONT Calabria. When Pope Leo IX attempted to expel the Normans from Italy in 
2 CONT 1053, Guiscard played an important role in defeating the papal forces at 
2 CONT Civitate, near the modern city of San Severo. After the death of his older 
2 CONT brother Humphrey Guiscard (died 1057), Robert became leader of the Normans 
2 CONT in Italy. The pope, seeking independence from the Holy Roman Empire, 
2 CONT decided to enlist the Normans as allies. In 1059 Pope Nicholas II 
2 CONT (980?-1061) created Robert by the Grace of God and Saint Peter, duke of 
2 CONT Apulia and Calabria and, with their help, hereafter of Sicily. In return, 
2 CONT Robert acknowledged the pope as his feudal overlord. Sicily was in 
2 CONT Byzantine hands at the time and so Robert and his brother Roger (Roger I) 
2 CONT embarked on a series of campaigns, capturing Messina in 1061 and Palermo 
2 CONT in 1072. Turning his attention to the Balkans in 1081, Robert gained a 
2 CONT great victory over the Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus at Durrës, 
2 CONT Albania. His campaigns at Macedonia and Thessalía were being carried on, 
2 CONT meanwhile, by his son Bohemond I. Robert was recalled from his victorious 
2 CONT campaigns in 1085 to go to the aid of Pope Gregory VII, who was besieged 
2 CONT in the castle of Sant'Angelo by Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV. Robert drove 
2 CONT Henry from Rome, and reduced one-third of the city to ashes. Because of 
2 CONT the unpopularity of Gregory VII in Rome, he took the pope to Monte 
2 CONT Cassino. Robert then went to the support of Bohemond in the Greek 
2 CONT campaign, but died of fever at Kefallinía a few weeks later.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1517@ INDI
1 NAME Roger //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Apulia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1060
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1111
1 FAMC @F747@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1518@ INDI
1 NAME Humphrey /GUISCARD/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1057
1 FAMC @F746@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1519@ INDI
1 NAME Bohemond I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Antioch
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1057
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1111
1 FAMC @F747@
1 FAMS @F748@
1 NOTE Bohemond I (circa 1057-1111), prince of Antioch, leader of the First 
2 CONT Crusade, and founder of a Crusader dynasty in Syria. The eldest son of 
2 CONT Robert Guiscard, Norman duke of Apulia and Calabria in southern Italy, 
2 CONT Bohemond distinguished himself in a war (1081-85) against the Byzantine 
2 CONT Empire. After Robert Guiscard's death (1085), the Norman domain was 
2 CONT divided between Bohemond and his brother. Bohemond joined the First 
2 CONT Crusade to try to extend his possessions. As long as he remained with the 
2 CONT Crusaders, Bohemond was their leader, although he was not officially 
2 CONT recognized as such. Antioch was captured in June 1098, and Bohemond 
2 CONT received it as a principality. He was captured by the Muslims in 1100 and 
2 CONT held prisoner until 1103. After suffering a great defeat the following 
2 CONT year, he returned to western Europe to seek help. During his stay in 
2 CONT France, he married the daughter of King Philip I of France. By 1107 he was 
2 CONT head of a large army of adventurers who had been attracted by his military 
2 CONT renown, but instead of returning to Antioch, he led his forces against the 
2 CONT Byzantine Empire, which had restricted the expansion of his principality 
2 CONT after 1098. His attack was unsuccessful, and Bohemond was forced to accept 
2 CONT a peace that made him a vassal of the Byzantine emperor. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Bohemond's descendants ruled Antioch until 1268 and Tripoli from 1187 to 
2 CONT 1289.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1520@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F379@
1 FAMS @F748@
0 @I1521@ INDI
1 NAME Ane /KRISTENDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1720
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1788
1 FAMS @F749@
0 @I1522@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas Chr. Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 JAN 1827
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 FEB 1899
1 FAMC @F221@
1 FAMS @F750@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1523@ INDI
1 NAME Sidsel /CHRISTENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F751@
1 FAMS @F750@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1524@ INDI
1 NAME Christen /TOLSTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F751@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1525@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Tolstrup Thomsen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JUN 1857
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 MAR 1858
1 FAMC @F750@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1526@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Tolstrup Thomsen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 MAY 1862
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 MAY 1865
1 FAMC @F750@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1527@ INDI
1 NAME Christian Thomsen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 SEP 1864
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 APR 1865
1 FAMC @F750@
0 @I1528@ INDI
1 NAME Anne Kristine Thomsen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAR 1866
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 DEC 1942
1 BURI
2 PLAC Vindblaes Cemetery
1 FAMC @F750@
1 FAMS @F752@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1529@ INDI
1 NAME Christian Thomsen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 JUN 1870
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 SEP 1870
1 FAMC @F750@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1530@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Aarup Thomsen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JAN 1876
1 FAMC @F750@
1 FAMS @F753@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1531@ INDI
1 NAME Anders Chr. /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 OCT 1864
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 APR 1935
1 BURI
2 PLAC Vindblaes Cemetery
1 FAMS @F752@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1532@ INDI
1 NAME Ausine Katrine Nielson /SKYTT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F754@
1 FAMS @F753@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1533@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Peter Nielsen /SKYTT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F754@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1534@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig Aarup /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 DEC 1902
1 FAMC @F753@
1 FAMS @F755@
0 @I1535@ INDI
1 NAME Eli /MADSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 OCT 1899
1 FAMS @F755@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1536@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Aarup /MADSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 FEB 1930
1 FAMC @F755@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1537@ INDI
1 NAME Signe Aarup /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 MAR 1904
1 FAMC @F753@
1 FAMS @F756@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1538@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 AUG 1901
1 FAMC @F757@
1 FAMS @F756@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1539@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F757@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1540@ INDI
1 NAME Maren //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F757@
0 @I1541@ INDI
1 NAME Knud Aarup /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 JUL 1929
1 FAMC @F756@
1 FAMS @F758@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1542@ INDI
1 NAME Erna /MADSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 AUG 1931
1 FAMS @F758@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1543@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 DEC 1934
1 DEAT
2 DATE 28 FEB 1935
1 FAMC @F756@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1544@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Kristian /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUL 1941
1 FAMC @F756@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1545@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Elisabeth /DALSGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 SEP 1945
1 FAMC @F756@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1546@ INDI
1 NAME Tekla Aarup /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 APR 1907
1 FAMC @F753@
1 FAMS @F237@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1547@ INDI
1 NAME Holger /KLITSGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE JAN 1904
1 FAMS @F237@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1548@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Chr. /KLITSGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 MAY 1935
1 FAMC @F237@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1549@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Aarup /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 OCT 1908
1 DEAT
2 DATE MAR 1909
1 FAMC @F753@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1550@ INDI
1 NAME Peter Aarup /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 SEP 1911
1 FAMC @F753@
1 FAMS @F759@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1551@ INDI
1 NAME Ella /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F760@
1 FAMS @F759@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1552@ INDI
1 NAME Soren /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Bjornstrup
1 FAMS @F760@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1553@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Christen /JACOBSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 SEP 1813
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 FEB 1883
1 FAMC @F762@
1 FAMS @F761@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1554@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob Christensen /BORUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F762@
0 @I1555@ INDI
1 NAME Marie /KRISTIANDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F762@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1556@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Nielson /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUL 1853
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 MAY 1917
1 FAMC @F761@
1 FAMS @F763@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1557@ INDI
1 NAME Laura Manna /ANDRAESEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 OCT 1856
1 FAMC @F764@
1 FAMS @F763@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1558@ INDI
1 NAME Morten /ANDRAESEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F764@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1559@ INDI
1 NAME Appoline /AJSTRUP/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F764@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1560@ INDI
1 NAME Julie Apoline /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 JUL 1885
1 FAMC @F763@
1 FAMS @F765@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1561@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /GANDRUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JAN 1885
1 FAMS @F765@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1562@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /GANDRUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUL 1913
1 FAMC @F765@
1 FAMS @F766@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1563@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Margrete /GIERDING/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F767@
1 FAMS @F766@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1564@ INDI
1 NAME Per /GIERDING/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F767@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1565@ INDI
1 NAME Per /GANDRUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F766@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1566@ INDI
1 NAME Emil Helvig /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 AUG 1887
1 DEAT
2 DATE SEP 1944
1 FAMC @F763@
1 FAMS @F768@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1567@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne /ERIKSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 MAY 1892
1 FAMC @F769@
1 FAMS @F768@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1568@ INDI
1 NAME Eriksen /ODDER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F769@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1569@ INDI
1 NAME Else /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUL 1915
1 FAMC @F768@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1570@ INDI
1 NAME Anders Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 MAY 1919
1 FAMC @F768@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1571@ INDI
1 NAME Tekla Elfride /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JUL 1890
1 FAMC @F763@
1 FAMS @F770@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1572@ INDI
1 NAME Knud /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 AUG 1887
1 FAMS @F770@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1573@ INDI
1 NAME Ida /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 DEC 1911
1 FAMC @F770@
1 FAMS @F771@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1574@ INDI
1 NAME Borge /SCHOU/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F771@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1575@ INDI
1 NAME Villy /SCHOU/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1934
1 FAMC @F771@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1576@ INDI
1 NAME Erik /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 APR 1915
1 FAMC @F770@
1 FAMS @F772@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1577@ INDI
1 NAME Annalise /PETERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 OCT 1920
1 FAMS @F772@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1578@ INDI
1 NAME Ole /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 FEB 1942
1 FAMC @F772@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1579@ INDI
1 NAME Lissa /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 NOV 1943
1 FAMC @F772@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1580@ INDI
1 NAME Knud /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 FEB 1950
1 FAMC @F772@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1581@ INDI
1 NAME Aage /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 MAY 1918
1 FAMC @F770@
1 FAMS @F773@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1582@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F773@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1583@ INDI
1 NAME Alf /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 APR 1919
1 FAMC @F770@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1584@ INDI
1 NAME Kurt /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 MAY 1944
1 FAMC @F773@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1585@ INDI
1 NAME Birthe /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 DEC 1948
1 FAMC @F773@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1586@ INDI
1 NAME Frank Ib /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1950
1 FAMC @F773@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1587@ INDI
1 NAME Ole /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 JAN 1921
1 FAMC @F770@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1588@ INDI
1 NAME Paul /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JUN 1923
1 FAMC @F770@
1 FAMS @F774@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1589@ INDI
1 NAME Annalise /THOMSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAY 1928
1 FAMS @F774@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1590@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Halvor /HOGH/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 OCT 1950
1 FAMC @F774@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1591@ INDI
1 NAME Ester Fransiska /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 OCT 1891
1 FAMC @F763@
1 FAMS @F775@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1592@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 AUG 1889
1 FAMC @F776@
1 FAMS @F775@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1593@ INDI
1 NAME Nels Kristiansen /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F776@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1594@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JAN 1922
1 FAMC @F775@
1 FAMS @F777@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1595@ INDI
1 NAME Gerda /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 MAY 1920
1 FAMS @F777@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1596@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 APR 1946
1 FAMC @F777@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1597@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1948
1 FAMC @F777@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1598@ INDI
1 NAME Else /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 MAY 1924
1 FAMC @F775@
1 FAMS @F778@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1599@ INDI
1 NAME Magens /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F778@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1600@ INDI
1 NAME Kirsten /BYSTRUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 SEP 1925
1 FAMC @F775@
1 FAMS @F779@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1601@ INDI
1 NAME Kaj Mogens /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F779@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1602@ INDI
1 NAME Oda /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1894
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1895
1 FAMC @F763@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1603@ INDI
1 NAME Ida /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1894
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1895
1 FAMC @F763@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1604@ INDI
1 NAME Klara /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 APR 1895
1 FAMC @F763@
1 FAMS @F780@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1605@ INDI
1 NAME Martin Adolf /MIKKELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE DEC 1892
1 FAMS @F780@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1606@ INDI
1 NAME Inger /MIKKELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 FEB 1924
1 FAMC @F780@
1 FAMS @F781@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1607@ INDI
1 NAME Klitgaard /LUND/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F781@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1608@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /MIKKELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 MAR 1929
1 FAMC @F780@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1609@ INDI
1 NAME Lisbeth /MIKKELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE DEC 1930
1 FAMC @F780@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1610@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /MIKKELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUL 1933
1 FAMC @F780@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1611@ INDI
1 NAME Ebba /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 DEC 1896
1 FAMC @F763@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1612@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 JUL 1898
1 FAMC @F763@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1613@ INDI
1 NAME Kaj Kristian /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 MAY 1900
1 DEAT
2 DATE MAR 1946
1 FAMC @F763@
1 FAMS @F782@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1614@ INDI
1 NAME Ingeborg /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 AUG 1904
1 FAMC @F783@
1 FAMS @F782@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1615@ INDI
1 NAME Rentier /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F783@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1616@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 SEP 1854
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1945
1 FAMC @F761@
1 FAMS @F784@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1617@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy Marie /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 JUL 1858
2 PLAC Naesborg, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 FEB 1922
1 FAMC @F785@
1 FAMS @F784@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1618@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Chr. /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F785@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1619@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 DEC 1888
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1905
1 FAMC @F784@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1620@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 NOV 1857
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1896
1 FAMC @F761@
1 FAMS @F786@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1621@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 AUG 1858
2 PLAC Bysted, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 FEB 1946
1 FAMS @F787@
1 FAMS @F786@
1 FAMS @F848@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1622@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F787@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1623@ INDI
1 NAME Kr. /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Pastor
1 FAMC @F787@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1624@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 APR 1888
1 FAMC @F786@
1 FAMS @F788@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1625@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /BENTSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 APR 1910
2 PLAC Vamdrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F790@
1 FAMS @F788@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1626@ INDI
1 NAME Ingibiorg //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F949@
1 FAMS @F789@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I1627@ INDI
1 NAME Duncan II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1060
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1094
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1094
1 FAMC @F789@
1 FAMS @F954@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I1628@ INDI
1 NAME  /BENTSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F790@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1629@ INDI
1 NAME Andrea //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F790@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1630@ INDI
1 NAME Henning /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 DEC 1932
1 FAMC @F788@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1631@ INDI
1 NAME Hanne /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE DEC 1936
1 FAMC @F788@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1632@ INDI
1 NAME Ilse /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 OCT 1947
1 FAMC @F788@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1633@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE APR 1889
1 FAMC @F786@
1 FAMS @F791@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1634@ INDI
1 NAME Erik /HAUGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F791@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1635@ INDI
1 NAME Eva /HAUGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F791@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1636@ INDI
1 NAME Svend /HAUGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F791@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1637@ INDI
1 NAME Jorgen /HAUGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F791@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1638@ INDI
1 NAME Anne Margrete /HAUGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F791@
1 FAMS @F792@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1639@ INDI
1 NAME Svend /KJELDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F792@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1640@ INDI
1 NAME Svend /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE APR 1890
1 FAMC @F786@
1 FAMS @F793@
1 FAMS @F796@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1641@ INDI
1 NAME Olga /GUHLE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 AUG 1923
1 FAMC @F794@
1 FAMS @F793@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1642@ INDI
1 NAME Glazier /GUHLE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F794@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1643@ INDI
1 NAME Else /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 MAR 1921
1 FAMC @F793@
1 FAMS @F795@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1644@ INDI
1 NAME Helge /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F795@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Civil Engineer
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1645@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 MAR 1950
1 FAMC @F795@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1646@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 AUG 1923
1 FAMC @F793@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1647@ INDI
1 NAME Sigrid /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F797@
1 FAMS @F796@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1648@ INDI
1 NAME Gruntvig /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F797@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1649@ INDI
1 NAME Benedikte /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 JAN 1929
1 FAMC @F796@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1650@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Borup /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 NOV 1891
1 FAMC @F786@
1 FAMS @F798@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1651@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhild Marie /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F799@
1 FAMS @F798@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1652@ INDI
1 NAME Chr. /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F799@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1653@ INDI
1 NAME William /STAFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F800@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1654@ INDI
1 NAME Reginald W. /NELSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F801@
1 NOTE He lives at 415 Meadowvale Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81504.
1 SOUR Christmas card sent by Reginald W. and Marcella Nelson. 5 Dec 1994.
0 @I1655@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /CAREY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Baron Hunsdon
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1526
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1596
1 FAMC @F696@
1 FAMS @F803@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1656@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1529
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1569
1 FAMC @F696@
1 FAMS @F802@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1657@ INDI
1 NAME Francis /KNOLLYS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1514
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1596
1 FAMS @F802@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1658@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /MORGAN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F803@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1659@ INDI
1 NAME George /CAREY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Baron Hunsdon
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1547
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1603
1 FAMC @F803@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1660@ INDI
1 NAME William /DE ST. MAUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord of Penhow & Woundy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1240
1 FAMS @F804@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1661@ INDI
1 NAME ? /DE ST. MAUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F804@
1 FAMS @F805@
0 @I1662@ INDI
1 NAME ? /DE ST. MAUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F805@
1 FAMS @F806@
0 @I1663@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /DE ST. MAUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F806@
1 FAMS @F807@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1664@ INDI
1 NAME John /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1358
1 FAMC @F807@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1665@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1358
1 FAMC @F807@
1 FAMS @F808@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1666@ INDI
1 NAME Cecily /BEAUCHAMP/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Heiress of Hache
1 FAMS @F808@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1667@ INDI
1 NAME ? /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F808@
1 FAMS @F809@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1668@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F809@
1 FAMS @F810@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1669@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda /ESTWMI/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F811@
1 FAMS @F810@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1670@ INDI
1 NAME William /ESTWMI/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F811@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1671@ INDI
1 NAME ? /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F810@
1 FAMS @F812@
0 @I1672@ INDI
1 NAME ? /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F812@
1 FAMS @F813@
0 @I1673@ INDI
1 NAME John /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1492
1 FAMC @F813@
1 FAMS @F814@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1674@ INDI
1 NAME John /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Wulfhall, Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1476
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1536
1 FAMC @F814@
1 FAMS @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1675@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F814@
1 FAMS @F815@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1676@ INDI
1 NAME Andrew /HUDDLESTONE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F815@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1677@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1550
1 FAMC @F817@
1 FAMS @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1678@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Nettlestead & Suffolk, Sir
1 FAMC @F823@
1 FAMS @F817@
1 FAMS @F818@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1679@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /NEVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1517
1 FAMS @F817@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1680@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /SAY/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1494
1 FAMS @F818@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1681@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1480
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1528
1 FAMC @F817@
1 FAMS @F819@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1682@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 1542
1 FAMC @F817@
1 FAMS @F820@
1 FAMS @F821@
1 FAMS @F822@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1683@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /TYRELL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F819@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1684@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1500
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1551
1 FAMC @F819@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1685@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /DORCY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1508
1 FAMS @F820@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1686@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /WYNDHAM/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F821@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1687@ INDI
1 NAME John /BOURCHIER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Bath
1 FAMS @F822@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1688@ INDI
1 NAME Philip /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1464
1 FAMC @F825@
1 FAMS @F823@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1689@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /CLIFFORD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F824@
1 FAMS @F823@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1690@ INDI
1 NAME John /CLIFFORD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 7th Baron Clifford
1 FAMS @F824@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1691@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 1452
1 FAMC @F826@
1 FAMS @F825@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1692@ INDI
1 NAME Margery /DESPENSER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1400
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1478
1 FAMC @F3761@
1 FAMS @F825@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1693@ INDI
1 NAME John /WENTWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F826@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1694@ INDI
1 NAME John /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1510
1 FAMC @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1695@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1500
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1552
1 FAMC @F816@
1 FAMS @F720@
1 FAMS @F719@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1696@ INDI
1 NAME John /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1520
1 FAMC @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1697@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Baron of Sudeley, Lord High Admiral
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1506
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1549
1 FAMC @F816@
1 FAMS @F721@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1698@ INDI
1 NAME Humbert I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Italy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1844
2 PLAC Turin
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1900
2 PLAC Monza
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1844/1900
1 FAMC @F422@
1 FAMS @F827@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1699@ INDI
1 NAME Victor Emmanuel II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Italy & Sardinia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAR 1820
2 PLAC Turin
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 JAN 1878
2 PLAC Rome, Italy
1 FAMC @F424@
1 FAMS @F422@
1 NOTE Victor Emmanuel II (1820-78), king of Sardinia (1849-61) and king of Italy 
2 CONT (1861-78), born on March 14, 1820, in Turin. He was the son of Charles 
2 CONT Albert (1798-1849), king of Sardinia (1831-49), who abdicated in his favor 
2 CONT after being defeated by the Austrians at the Battle of Novara in 1849. 
2 CONT Assisted by Italian statesman Conte Camillo Benso di Cavour, his premier, 
2 CONT Victor Emmanuel developed parliamentary government, reorganized the army, 
2 CONT regulated finances, stimulated commerce and industry, and secularized 
2 CONT ecclesiastical property. He assisted (1855-56) Great Britain and France in 
2 CONT the Crimean War. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Victor Emmanuel strongly supported the movement toward national unity that 
2 CONT was growing in Italy at this time. With French aid he repulsed the 
2 CONT Austrians when they invaded Piedmont in 1859 and added Lombardy to his 
2 CONT realm. The central Italian states accepted him as their king, and after 
2 CONT the Italian patriot Giuseppe Garibaldi captured the Kingdom of the Two 
2 CONT Sicilies from the French in 1860-61, Victor Emmanuel was master of the 
2 CONT entire peninsula, with the exception of Venetia, still held by the 
2 CONT Austrians, and the Papal States. He was proclaimed king of Italy in 1861. 
2 CONT In the same year he ceded Nice and Savoy to France in payment for past and 
2 CONT promised French aid. Venetia was won as a result of Italian intervention 
2 CONT on the Prussian side in the Seven Weeks' War between Austria and Prussia 
2 CONT in 1866. In 1870 Rome was annexed and made the capital of Italy. Victor 
2 CONT Emmanuel then devoted himself to the peaceful development of Italy. He 
2 CONT died in Rome on January 9, 1878.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1700@ INDI
1 NAME Charles Albert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sardinia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1798
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1849
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1831/1849
1 FAMS @F424@
0 @I1701@ INDI
1 NAME Victor Emmanuel III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Italy & Albania, Emporer of Ethiopia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1869
2 PLAC Naples
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1947
1 FAMC @F827@
1 FAMS @F828@
1 NOTE Victor Emmanuel III (1869-1947), king of Italy (1900-46) and self-styled 
2 CONT emperor of Ethiopia (1936-44) and king of Albania (1939-44), born in 
2 CONT Naples. He became king of Italy in 1900 on the assassination of his 
2 CONT father, King Humbert I. His reign was undistinguished until 1915, when 
2 CONT Italy entered World War I on the side of the Allied powers. He spent most 
2 CONT of the next three years on active duty at the front in northern Italy. In 
2 CONT 1922, following the collapse of parliamentary government, Victor Emmanuel, 
2 CONT to avert civil war, accepted the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini. 
2 CONT Thereafter his authority was largely nominal. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 1929, by the provisions of the Lateran Treaty, Vatican City was 
2 CONT recognized as a sovereign state. With Mussolini's conquest of Ethiopia in 
2 CONT 1935-36 and his seizure of Albania in 1939, Victor Emmanuel acquired new 
2 CONT titles. In 1946, after World War II, because of Italian anti-Fascist and 
2 CONT Allied pressure, Victor Emmanuel abdicated in favor of his son, who became 
2 CONT king for a month as Humbert II (1904-83). Victor Emmanuel lived in exile 
2 CONT in Portugal and Egypt until his death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1702@ INDI
1 NAME Humbert II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Italy
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1904
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1983
1 FAMC @F828@
1 FAMS @F829@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1703@ INDI
1 NAME Victor Emmanuel //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1937
1 FAMC @F829@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1704@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine II the Great //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Empress of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1832
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1811
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1762/1796
1 FAMS @F830@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Scott, Robert H.
0 @I1705@ INDI
1 NAME Peter III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Emperor of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1728
2 PLAC Kiel, Germany
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 JUL 1762
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1762
1 FAMC @F831@
1 FAMS @F830@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1706@ INDI
1 NAME Charles Frederick //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Holstein-Gottorp, Duke
1 FAMS @F831@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1707@ INDI
1 NAME Anna //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F832@
1 FAMS @F831@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1708@ INDI
1 NAME Peter I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Great, Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 JUN 1672
2 PLAC Moscow, Russia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 FEB 1725
2 PLAC Saint Petersburg, Russia
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1682/1725
1 FAMC @F834@
1 FAMS @F832@
1 FAMS @F833@
1 NOTE Peter the Great or Peter I (1672-1725), czar of Russia (1682-1725), whose 
2 CONT military campaigns and modernization efforts transformed Russia into an 
2 CONT empire to be reckoned with in European affairs. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Peter was born in Moscow on June 9, 1672, the son of Czar Alexis I 
2 CONT Mikhailovich. In early childhood he was taught by private tutors; later, 
2 CONT with the aid of palace masters and various foreigners living in Moscow, he 
2 CONT taught himself technical and mechanical arts, especially in relation to 
2 CONT military and naval science. From 1682 to 1689, under the regency of his 
2 CONT half sister Sophia Alekseyevna (1657-1704), Peter shared the throne with 
2 CONT his older half brother Ivan V (1666-96), but in 1689 Peter's partisans at 
2 CONT court overthrew Sophia and installed him as sole authority (formally, Ivan 
2 CONT continued to reign until his death). 
2 CONT   
2 CONT During Peter's reign Russia emerged as a great European power, in part 
2 CONT because of his introduction of many Western European scientific, 
2 CONT technological, cultural, and political conceptions and practices. In 1696, 
2 CONT after creating a river fleet, the first Russian navy, Peter captured from 
2 CONT the Turks the important fortress of Azov, which commanded the Sea of Azov 
2 CONT and gave Russia access to the Black Sea. The following year, in an effort 
2 CONT to secure allies among the European powers against the Turks and the 
2 CONT Swedes and in order to acquaint himself with Western technology, Peter 
2 CONT accompanied a diplomatic mission to the principal capitals of Western 
2 CONT Europe. During his travels he induced about 900 artisans, craftsmen, 
2 CONT technical advisers, and other experts to emigrate to Russia. Later he sent 
2 CONT many young Russians abroad to learn Western crafts and trades. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT On his return to Moscow in 1698 Peter, determined to gain control of the 
2 CONT eastern part of the Baltic Sea, began military preparations for an attack 
2 CONT on Sweden. Although the Great Northern War (1700-21) that ensued began 
2 CONT inauspiciously for him, with a devastating setback at Narva (1700), he 
2 CONT went on to win one of the greatest military victories in Russian history 
2 CONT at the Battle of Poltava in 1709. By the terms of the Treaty of Nystadt 
2 CONT (1721) that concluded the war, Russia gained control of a considerable 
2 CONT area of the Baltic littoral, later called the Baltic Provinces. In 1703, 
2 CONT during the war, Peter founded Saint Petersburg as a “window to Europe” and 
2 CONT made it his capital. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Peter was proclaimed emperor in 1721 and thus established the Russian 
2 CONT Empire. He introduced such internal reforms as abolition of the power of 
2 CONT the boyars, or aristocrats, and the subordination of those nobles and of 
2 CONT the church to the throne; the encouragement of industry, trade, and 
2 CONT education; and the reorganization of the administrative apparatus of the 
2 CONT state to make it more modern and efficient. During Peter's reign the 
2 CONT Russian alphabet was simplified, Arabic numerals were introduced, the 
2 CONT first newspaper in the Russian language was published, schools were 
2 CONT founded, and an Academy of Sciences was established. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Under Peter, Russia became a regimented state. His police-state philosophy 
2 CONT was based on the conviction that, just as he spent his life unceasingly in 
2 CONT service for the state, so his subjects, whose welfare was his object, 
2 CONT should discharge their obligation to the state. Both his reforms and his 
2 CONT swift, often cruel, reprisals for infractions of his regulations made 
2 CONT indelible impressions upon Russian life. He died in St. Petersburg on 
2 CONT February 8, 1725.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Massie, Robert K. "Peter the Great: His Life and World."  Knopf, 1980. 
2 CONT Dramatic biohistory of the Russian ruler. Awarded Pulitzer Prize, 1981.
1 SOUR Troyat, Henri. "Peter the Great." Tr. by Joan Pinkham. Dutton, 1987. The 
2 CONT powerful ruler is portrayed in a barbarous age.
0 @I1709@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine I //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Empress of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1682
2 PLAC Jakobstadt (now Jekabpils, Latvia)
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1727
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1725/1727
1 FAMS @F832@
1 NOTE Catherine I, real name Marta Skavronskaya (1682?-1727), empress of Russia 
2 CONT (1725-27). Of peasant origin, she was born in Jakobstadt (now Jčkabpils, 
2 CONT Latvia) but was orphaned early in life and reared by a pastor in 
2 CONT Marienburg (now Malbork, Poland). When the Russians captured Marienburg in 
2 CONT 1702, she was taken prisoner by the Russian commander, who sold her to 
2 CONT Prince Aleksandr Menshikov (1673-1729), a close adviser of Peter the 
2 CONT Great. She soon became Peter's mistress and most influential counselor. 
2 CONT Peter, who had divorced his first wife in 1699, married Catherine in 1712. 
2 CONT After his son Alexis (1690-1718) died, Peter issued an ukaz (imperial 
2 CONT order) declaring his right to name his own successor; he died in 1725 
2 CONT without doing so. Catherine, however, had been crowned empress-consort in 
2 CONT 1724, and on Peter's death she was proclaimed his successor; the claims of 
2 CONT Alexis's son (later Peter III) were bypassed. Shrewd and courageous, 
2 CONT Catherine defended Peter's advisers against his rages, and in her own 
2 CONT reign she established, and concentrated power in, the supreme privy 
2 CONT council. Two of her eight children by Peter survived, Anna (mother of 
2 CONT Peter III) and Elizabeth Petrovna (empress 1741-62).
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1710@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F833@
0 @I1711@ INDI
1 NAME Alexis //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1690
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1718
1 FAMC @F833@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1712@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth Petrorna //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Empress of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1709
2 PLAC Moscow, Russia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1732
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1741/1762
1 FAMC @F832@
1 NOTE Elizabeth Petrovna (1709-62), empress of Russia (1741-62), born near 
2 CONT Moscow, the youngest daughter of Peter the Great and Catherine I. She 
2 CONT became empress in 1741 by staging a palace revolution that deposed the 
2 CONT infant emperor Ivan VI (1740-64) and his mother Anna Leopoldovna 
2 CONT (1718-46), who acted as regent. In 1743 Elizabeth won a historic 
2 CONT diplomatic victory when her representative negotiated an advantageous end 
2 CONT to the long-standing dispute between Sweden and Russia. She was chiefly 
2 CONT responsible for establishing and maintaining the alliance of Austria, 
2 CONT France, and Russia that almost defeated Prussia in the Seven Years' War. 
2 CONT Until her death, a year before the end of the war, the armies of the 
2 CONT alliance had been successful, but soon afterward the alliance 
2 CONT disintegrated and Prussia gained the final victory. She named her nephew 
2 CONT Peter III as her successor. Elizabeth's nonpolitical achievements include 
2 CONT the establishment of the Moscow State University in 1755 and the Academy 
2 CONT of Arts at Saint Petersburg in 1757.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1713@ INDI
1 NAME Alexis I Mikhailovich //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1629
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1676
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1645/1676
1 FAMC @F835@
1 FAMS @F834@
1 FAMS @F836@
1 NOTE Alexis I (1629-76), second Russian czar (1645-76) of the house of Romanov, 
2 CONT and father of Peter the Great. He succeeded his father Michael 
2 CONT (1596-1645). As a result of two campaigns by Alexis against the Poles 
2 CONT (1654-56 and 1660-67), Russia gained Smolensk, Kyyiv, and the lands east 
2 CONT of the Dnepr River. The war with Sweden (1656-58) was not as successful; 
2 CONT Alexis was forced to withdraw from the lands he had taken. The reign of 
2 CONT Czar Alexis was also marked by internal revolt, a schism in the Russian 
2 CONT Orthodox church, and the formulation of a legal code that extended the 
2 CONT serfdom of the Russian peasants.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1714@ INDI
1 NAME Michael //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1596
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1645
1 FAMS @F835@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1715@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F834@
0 @I1716@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F836@
0 @I1717@ INDI
1 NAME Fyodor III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1661
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1682
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1676/1682
1 FAMC @F836@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1718@ INDI
1 NAME Sophia Alekseyevna //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1657
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1704
1 FAMC @F836@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1719@ INDI
1 NAME Ivan V //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Czar of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1666
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1696
1 FAMC @F836@
1 FAMS @F837@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1720@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Ivanovna //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Empress of Russia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1693
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1740
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1730/1740
1 FAMC @F837@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1721@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine /DE COURTENAY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1857@
1 FAMS @F4867@
0 @I1722@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /UNTON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F4866@
0 @I1723@ INDI
1 NAME John /DUDLEY/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMC @F4570@
1 FAMS @F4865@
0 @I1724@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1588
1 FAMC @F719@
1 FAMS @F4865@
1 FAMS @F4866@
1 SOUR /*- TUT
0 @I1725@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1548
1 FAMC @F721@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1726@ INDI
1 NAME Anthony /UGHTRED/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1534
1 FAMS @F722@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1727@ INDI
1 NAME Gregory /CROMWELL/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1551
1 FAMS @F723@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1728@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /CROMWELL/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1538
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1592
1 FAMC @F723@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1729@ INDI
1 NAME John /PAULET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Marquess of Winchestor
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1510
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1576
1 FAMS @F838@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1730@ INDI
1 NAME Margery /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1520
1 FAMC @F816@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1731@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy /SEYMOUR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F816@
1 FAMS @F839@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1732@ INDI
1 NAME Clement /SMITH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F839@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1733@ INDI
1 NAME John I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Cleves
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1419
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1481
1 FAMS @F840@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1734@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Burgundy-Nevers
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1483
1 FAMS @F840@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1735@ INDI
1 NAME John II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Cleves
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1458
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1521
1 FAMC @F840@
1 FAMS @F842@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1736@ INDI
1 NAME Adolf //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1498
1 FAMC @F840@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1737@ INDI
1 NAME Engelbert //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1506
1 FAMC @F840@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1738@ INDI
1 NAME Dietrich //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F840@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1739@ INDI
1 NAME Philip //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Bishop of Rivers & Autun
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1505
1 FAMC @F840@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1740@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F840@
1 FAMS @F841@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1741@ INDI
1 NAME Adolf of Jülich-Berg //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1473
1 FAMS @F841@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1742@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Hesse
1 FAMS @F842@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1743@ INDI
1 NAME Victor M. /STEIDL/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Austria
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1958
2 PLAC Dickinson Co., Iowa
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
1 FAMS @F843@
1 NOTE As a young man, Victor came to America from Austria.  He was a train 
2 CONT master.
1 SOUR Family Picture taken ABT 1910.
1 SOUR Inscription in cover of book.
0 @I1744@ INDI
1 NAME Bent /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 MAY 1920
1 FAMC @F798@
1 FAMS @F844@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1745@ INDI
1 NAME Inge //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F844@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1746@ INDI
1 NAME Jesper /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F844@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1747@ INDI
1 NAME Dorte /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F844@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1748@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Oluf /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F844@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1749@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 JUL 1922
1 FAMC @F798@
1 FAMS @F845@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1750@ INDI
1 NAME Henrik /VARMING/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F845@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1751@ INDI
1 NAME Lene /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 MAR 1925
1 FAMC @F798@
1 FAMS @F846@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1752@ INDI
1 NAME Mogens /GLISTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F847@
1 FAMS @F846@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1753@ INDI
1 NAME Lars /GLISTRUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F847@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1754@ INDI
1 NAME Laura /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 DEC 1895
2 PLAC Sottrup Kaergaard
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1947
1 FAMC @F786@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1755@ INDI
1 NAME Marie /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F848@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1756@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie /SVENDSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F848@
1 FAMS @F849@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1757@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /HOLST/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F849@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1758@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 APR 1865
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1912
1 FAMC @F761@
1 FAMS @F850@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1759@ INDI
1 NAME Troels Kr. /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 NOV 1860
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1937
1 FAMS @F850@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1760@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 JUL 1888
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1761@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /HALD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 DEC 1904
1 FAMC @F852@
1 FAMS @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1762@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /HALD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F852@
0 @I1763@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 APR 1926
1 FAMC @F851@
1 FAMS @F853@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1764@ INDI
1 NAME Sigfred /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 FEB 1925
1 FAMS @F853@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1765@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Kristian /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 AUG 1948
1 FAMC @F853@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1766@ INDI
1 NAME ? /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 FEB 1951
1 FAMC @F853@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1767@ INDI
1 NAME Troels /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 NOV 1928
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1768@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Hald /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 MAR 1931
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1769@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob Borup /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 SEP 1933
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1770@ INDI
1 NAME Paul Hald /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 FEB 1935
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1771@ INDI
1 NAME Hans Kristian /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAR 1936
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1772@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Jorgen /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 DEC 1939
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1773@ INDI
1 NAME Bodil Marie /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 MAR 1941
1 FAMC @F851@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1774@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne Hedevig /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 OCT 1890
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F854@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1775@ INDI
1 NAME Marinus Chr. /BERG/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE DEC 1886
1 FAMS @F854@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1776@ INDI
1 NAME Folmer /BERG/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 NOV 1914
1 FAMC @F854@
1 FAMS @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1777@ INDI
1 NAME Edith /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1778@ INDI
1 NAME Folmer /BERG/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1779@ INDI
1 NAME Hagbard /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1780@ INDI
1 NAME Runa /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1781@ INDI
1 NAME Lyla /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1782@ INDI
1 NAME Gitta /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F855@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1783@ INDI
1 NAME Nana Agnete /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAR 1919
1 FAMC @F854@
1 FAMS @F856@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1784@ INDI
1 NAME Alfred /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F856@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1785@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Hedevig /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 SEP 1949
1 FAMC @F856@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1786@ INDI
1 NAME Hagbard /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 MAR 1922
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1941
1 FAMC @F854@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1787@ INDI
1 NAME Ragna /BERG/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 SEP 1923
1 FAMC @F854@
1 FAMS @F857@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1788@ INDI
1 NAME Svend /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F857@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1789@ INDI
1 NAME Anni /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE AUG 1945
1 FAMC @F857@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1790@ INDI
1 NAME Jette /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE FEB 1947
1 FAMC @F857@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1791@ INDI
1 NAME Leif Ingolf /BERG/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 NOV 1925
1 FAMC @F854@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1792@ INDI
1 NAME Katrine /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 MAR 1892
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1912
1 FAMC @F850@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1793@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Borup /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 FEB 1894
1 FAMC @F850@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1794@ INDI
1 NAME Karl /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 DEC 1896
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F858@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1795@ INDI
1 NAME Petra Rasmine /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 OCT 1896
1 FAMC @F859@
1 FAMS @F858@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1796@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F859@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1797@ INDI
1 NAME Elisabeth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F859@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1798@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Jensen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1615
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1682
1 FAMC @F861@
1 FAMS @F860@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1799@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1580
1 DEAT
2 DATE ABT 1645
1 FAMS @F861@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1800@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Bro /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1925
1 FAMC @F858@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1801@ INDI
1 NAME Tina Bro /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 JUN 1926
1 FAMC @F858@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1802@ INDI
1 NAME Borge Bro /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 JUL 1927
1 FAMC @F858@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1803@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Bro /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 MAR 1933
1 FAMC @F858@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1804@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas Bro /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 DEC 1898
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F862@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1805@ INDI
1 NAME Ingeborg Claudine /GLISTRUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 FEB 1904
1 FAMS @F862@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1806@ INDI
1 NAME Birte /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUN 1930
1 FAMC @F862@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1807@ INDI
1 NAME Jorgen /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 MAY 1934
1 FAMC @F862@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1808@ INDI
1 NAME Karen /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 JAN 1901
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F863@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1809@ INDI
1 NAME Martin /PAULSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 FEB 1900
1 FAMC @F864@
1 FAMS @F863@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1810@ INDI
1 NAME Niels Paulsen /MOSBAEK/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F864@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1811@ INDI
1 NAME Aksel /PAULSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 AUG 1924
1 FAMC @F863@
1 FAMS @F865@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1812@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth Dalsgaard /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F866@
1 FAMS @F865@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1813@ INDI
1 NAME Soren /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F866@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1814@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /PAULSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1948
1 FAMC @F865@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1815@ INDI
1 NAME Elly /PAULSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 JUN 1929
1 FAMC @F863@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1816@ INDI
1 NAME Birthe /PAULSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 3 JUN 1939
1 FAMC @F863@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1817@ INDI
1 NAME Ejner /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 FEB 1902
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F867@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1818@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth /HANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F868@
1 FAMS @F867@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1819@ INDI
1 NAME Rasmus /HANSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F868@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1820@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F867@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1821@ INDI
1 NAME Rasmus /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F867@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1822@ INDI
1 NAME Aksel /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JUN 1904
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1912
1 FAMC @F850@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1823@ INDI
1 NAME Ingeborg /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 MAR 1908
1 FAMC @F850@
1 FAMS @F869@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1824@ INDI
1 NAME Ejnar /MAARUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 APR 1911
1 FAMC @F870@
1 FAMS @F869@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1825@ INDI
1 NAME Soren Chr. /MAARUP/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F870@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1826@ INDI
1 NAME Inger Lise /MAARUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 MAR 1943
1 FAMC @F869@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1827@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Marie /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE JAN 1842
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 JUL 1907
1 FAMC @F872@
1 FAMS @F871@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1828@ INDI
1 NAME Christian /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F872@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1829@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAY 1867
1 DEAT
2 DATE JUN 1867
1 FAMC @F871@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1830@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig Kristine Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUN 1868
1 FAMC @F871@
1 FAMS @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1831@ INDI
1 NAME Soren Kollerup /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JAN 1867
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 SEP 1932
1 FAMC @F874@
1 FAMS @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1832@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Gregorsen /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 JUN 1891
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F875@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1833@ INDI
1 NAME Christensen /GREGERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F874@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1834@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie Andersen /KJELDGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 MAY 1892
2 PLAC Dalskaergaard, Denmark
1 FAMC @F876@
1 FAMS @F875@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1835@ INDI
1 NAME Christen Andersen /KJELDGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F876@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1836@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Katrine /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F876@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1837@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JUN 1894
1 FAMC @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1838@ INDI
1 NAME Laurids /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 JUL 1895
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1898
1 FAMC @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1839@ INDI
1 NAME Else Marie /SORENSDATTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F874@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1840@ INDI
1 NAME Else Marie /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 AUG 1896
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F877@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1841@ INDI
1 NAME Julius /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 OCT 1892
1 FAMC @F878@
1 FAMS @F877@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1842@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F878@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1843@ INDI
1 NAME Petra /OLESEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 MAY 1921
1 FAMC @F877@
1 FAMS @F879@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1844@ INDI
1 NAME Ejner /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F879@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1845@ INDI
1 NAME Knud /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 JUL 1947
1 FAMC @F879@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1846@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 SEP 1949
1 FAMC @F879@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1847@ INDI
1 NAME Soren /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 MAR 1926
1 FAMC @F877@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1848@ INDI
1 NAME Laurids Peter /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 AUG 1898
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F880@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1849@ INDI
1 NAME Kristine Kristensen /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 MAR 1899
1 FAMC @F881@
1 FAMS @F880@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1850@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Marie /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 FEB 1929
1 FAMC @F880@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1851@ INDI
1 NAME Krista /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 FEB 1932
1 FAMC @F880@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1852@ INDI
1 NAME Rasmussen /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F881@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1853@ INDI
1 NAME Kristine /OVERGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F881@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1854@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Marie /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 AUG 1900
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F882@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1855@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas Overgaard /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 DEC 1901
1 FAMS @F882@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1856@ INDI
1 NAME Kristine /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 JUN 1928
1 FAMC @F882@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1857@ INDI
1 NAME Holger /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 MAR 1930
1 FAMC @F882@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1858@ INDI
1 NAME Carl Emil /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 OCT 1944
1 FAMC @F882@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1859@ INDI
1 NAME Otteane Kirstine /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 SEP 1901
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F335@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1860@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F883@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1861@ INDI
1 NAME Inger Marie //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F883@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1862@ INDI
1 NAME Ebba /OLESEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 MAR 1923
1 FAMC @F335@
1 FAMS @F884@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1863@ INDI
1 NAME Inga /OLESEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 DEC 1929
1 FAMC @F335@
1 FAMS @F885@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1864@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 NOV 1919
1 FAMS @F884@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1865@ INDI
1 NAME Ingrid /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 AUG 1943
1 FAMC @F884@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1866@ INDI
1 NAME Frank /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 APR 1950
1 FAMC @F884@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1867@ INDI
1 NAME Laurids /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JUN 1923
1 FAMC @F886@
1 FAMS @F885@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1868@ INDI
1 NAME Chr. /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F886@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1869@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Juul /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 SEP 1950
1 FAMC @F885@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1870@ INDI
1 NAME Soren /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 OCT 1931
1 FAMC @F335@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1871@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig Sorine /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 AUG 1903
1 FAMC @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1872@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas Kr. /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1905
1 FAMC @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1873@ INDI
1 NAME Edle Kristine /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 AUG 1907
1 FAMC @F873@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1874@ INDI
1 NAME Elna Marie /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 MAY 1909
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F887@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1875@ INDI
1 NAME Niels P. /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAR 1905
1 FAMC @F888@
1 FAMS @F887@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1876@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Chr. /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F888@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1877@ INDI
1 NAME Soren /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 DEC 1932
1 FAMC @F887@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1878@ INDI
1 NAME Marie Elisabeth /KOLLERUP/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 MAR 1911
1 FAMC @F873@
1 FAMS @F889@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1879@ INDI
1 NAME Soren /BENDIXSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JUN 1909
1 FAMS @F889@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1880@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /BENDIXSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 SEP 1933
1 FAMC @F889@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1881@ INDI
1 NAME Elisabeth /BENDIXSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 FEB 1949
1 FAMC @F889@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1882@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 SEP 1869
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 MAY 1905
1 FAMC @F871@
1 FAMS @F890@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1883@ INDI
1 NAME Lars Kr. /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F890@
1 FAMS @F901@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1884@ INDI
1 NAME Anna Katrine Marie /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 FEB 1898
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 JUN 1945
1 FAMC @F890@
1 FAMS @F891@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1885@ INDI
1 NAME Vilhelm /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 APR 1895
1 FAMC @F892@
1 FAMS @F891@
1 FAMS @F895@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1886@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F892@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1887@ INDI
1 NAME Holger /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUL 1920
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F891@
1 FAMS @F893@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1888@ INDI
1 NAME Klara Marie /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 FEB 1917
2 PLAC Norre Bork, Denmark
1 FAMS @F893@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1889@ INDI
1 NAME ? /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAR 1951
1 FAMC @F893@
0 @I1890@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 JUN 1921
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F891@
1 FAMS @F894@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1891@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /KRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F894@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1892@ INDI
1 NAME Laurids /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 SEP 1924
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F891@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1893@ INDI
1 NAME Tage /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 NOV 1925
2 PLAC Sottrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F891@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1894@ INDI
1 NAME Bent /JEPSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 JAN 1938
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 JUN 1939
1 FAMC @F891@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1895@ INDI
1 NAME Elvira /KRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F895@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1896@ INDI
1 NAME Kristine Amalia /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1900
2 PLAC Hornbaek, Denmark
1 FAMC @F890@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1897@ INDI
1 NAME Larsine Kristine /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 DEC 1902
2 PLAC Hyllebjerg
1 FAMC @F890@
1 FAMS @F896@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1898@ INDI
1 NAME Aage /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F897@
1 FAMS @F896@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1899@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F897@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1900@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JUN 1926
1 FAMC @F896@
1 FAMS @F898@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1901@ INDI
1 NAME Bent /SONDERGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 DEC 1928
2 PLAC Coperhagen, Denmark
1 FAMS @F898@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1902@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 DEC 1928
2 PLAC Stottrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F896@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1903@ INDI
1 NAME Aase /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 OCT 1939
2 PLAC Foulum, Denmark
1 FAMC @F896@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1904@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Bro /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUN 1903
1 FAMC @F890@
1 FAMS @F899@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1905@ INDI
1 NAME Petrine /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 MAY 1908
1 FAMC @F900@
1 FAMS @F899@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1906@ INDI
1 NAME Laust /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F900@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1907@ INDI
1 NAME Karl /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 JUN 1930
1 FAMC @F899@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1908@ INDI
1 NAME Lars /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JAN 1934
1 FAMC @F899@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1909@ INDI
1 NAME Verner /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 OCT 1935
1 FAMC @F899@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1910@ INDI
1 NAME Ejner /HORNBAEK/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 APR 1936
1 FAMC @F899@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1911@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhild Marie /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 MAR 1878
2 PLAC Norhalne, Denmark
1 FAMS @F901@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1912@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Kristian Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 JAN 1873
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 JAN 1937
1 BURI
2 PLAC Oudrup Cemetery
1 FAMC @F871@
1 FAMS @F1300@
1 FAMS @F1302@
1 NOTE He was the owner of the farm "Brohave."
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I1913@ INDI
1 NAME Victorean Ellen /STEIDL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JAN 1910
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1977
1 BURI
2 DATE 20 JUL 1977
2 PLAC Ruthven, Palo Alto Co., Iowa
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
1 FAMC @F843@
1 FAMS @F902@
1 SOUR Slingerland, LeRoy Earl. Interview on December 20, 1994, Renner, SD
1 SOUR Funeral Announcement of Victorean Ellen Larson (Steidl).
0 @I1914@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /LARSON/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 28 MAR 1981
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
1 BURI
2 PLAC Ruthven, Palo Alto Co., Iowa
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
1 FAMS @F902@
1 FAMS @F1324@
1 SOUR Slingerland, LeRoy Earl. Interview on December 20, 1994, Renner, SD
0 @I1915@ INDI
1 NAME Janice /LARSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F902@
1 FAMS @F903@
1 NOTE They adopted two children: Jackie and Joni.
1 SOUR Slingerland, LeRoy Earl. Interview on December 20, 1994, Renner, SD
0 @I1916@ INDI
1 NAME Jerry /HEISLER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F903@
1 SOUR Slingerland, LeRoy Earl. Interview on December 20, 1994, Renner, SD
0 @I1917@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 15 DEC 1964
1 FAMS @F332@
1 FAMS @F904@
1 SOUR Slingerland, LeRoy Earl. Interview on December 20, 1994, Renner, SD
0 @I1918@ INDI
1 NAME Julie /HEISLER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 JUN 1967
1 FAMC @F903@
1 FAMS @F1325@
1 SOUR Slingerland, LeRoy Earl. Interview on December 20, 1994, Renner, SD
0 @I1919@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Ellen /STUART/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1950
2 PLAC Cherokee, Cherokee, Iowa
1 BURI
2 PLAC Ruthven, Palo Alto, Iowa
1 FAMS @F843@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I1920@ INDI
1 NAME Ruth /STEIDL/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE AUG 1958
2 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
1 FAMC @F843@
1 FAMS @F940@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11). interview on Dec 24, 1994
0 @I1921@ INDI
1 NAME William /TUCKER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F904@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11). interview on Dec 24, 1994
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne.  A note recieved January 10, 1995.
0 @I1922@ INDI
1 NAME L. /GAGE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F905@
1 SOUR Gage, Debra Kay (Slingerland) interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD
0 @I1923@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /GAGE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F905@
0 @I1924@ INDI
1 NAME ? /OLIVER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F906@
0 @I1925@ INDI
1 NAME Vivian /OLIVER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F906@
1 FAMS @F907@
1 SOUR Gage, Debra Kay (Slingerland) interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD
0 @I1926@ INDI
1 NAME Robert "Swede" /AGESON/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1995
1 FAMS @F907@
1 SOUR Gage, Debra Kay (Slingerland) interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD
0 @I1927@ INDI
1 NAME John III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Cleves
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1490
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMC @F842@
1 FAMS @F908@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1928@ INDI
1 NAME Adolf of Cleves //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1498
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1505
1 FAMC @F842@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books
0 @I1929@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1567
1 FAMC @F842@
1 FAMS @F909@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books
0 @I1930@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Jülich-Berg-Ravensburg
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1543
1 FAMS @F908@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1931@ INDI
1 NAME Philip III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Waldeck-Eisenberg
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMS @F909@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books
0 @I1932@ INDI
1 NAME Sybilla //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1514
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMC @F908@
1 FAMS @F910@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1933@ INDI
1 NAME William III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Cleves
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1516
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1592
1 FAMC @F908@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books
0 @I1934@ INDI
1 NAME Amelia //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1517
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1586
1 FAMC @F908@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books
0 @I1935@ INDI
1 NAME John Frederick //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Elector of Saxony
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1503
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMS @F910@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1936@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1300
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1338
1 FAMC @F165@
1 FAMS @F911@
1 FAMS @F1455@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1937@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /HALYS/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1330
1 FAMC @F1454@
1 FAMS @F911@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1938@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Duchess of Norfolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1320
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1400
1 FAMC @F911@
1 FAMS @F912@
1 FAMS @F1458@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1939@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE SEGRAVE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Baron de Segrave
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1353
1 FAMS @F912@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1940@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /DE SEGRAVE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1399
1 FAMC @F912@
1 FAMS @F913@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1941@ INDI
1 NAME John /MOWBRAY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 4th Baron Mowbray
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1328
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1368
1 FAMS @F913@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1942@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /MOWBRAY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Norfolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1366
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1399
1 FAMC @F913@
1 FAMS @F915@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1943@ INDI
1 NAME Pam /MATHIS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F914@
0 @I1944@ INDI
1 NAME Brittany Grale /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 FEB 1985
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F914@
0 @I1945@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah Ruth /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JUN 1988
2 PLAC Estherville, Emmet, Iowa
1 FAMC @F914@
1 SOUR Hecht, Greg. Interview on December 25, 1994 in Renner, SD
0 @I1946@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /FITZALAN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1425
1 FAMS @F915@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1947@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /MOWBRAY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F915@
1 FAMS @F916@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1948@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL II, Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1384
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1436
1 FAMC @F4831@
1 FAMS @F916@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1949@ INDI
1 NAME John /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Duke of Norfolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1430
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1485
1 FAMC @F916@
1 FAMS @F917@
1 FAMS @F918@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1950@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /CHEDWORTH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1494
1 FAMS @F917@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1951@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /MOLEYNS/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1452
1 FAMC @F4830@
1 FAMS @F918@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I1952@ INDI
1 NAME Eochaid IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Argyle
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F2484@
1 FAMS @F919@
1 NOTE Called "the Venomous"
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Scotclan.txt *z
0 @I1953@ INDI
1 NAME Alpin //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Argyle
1 REFN +
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 832/834
1 FAMC @F919@
1 FAMS @F920@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1954@ INDI
1 NAME Kenneth I MacAlpin (Cinaeda) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 832
1 DEAT
2 DATE 860
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 839/860
1 FAMC @F920@
1 FAMS @F921@
1 NOTE Kenneth I, called MacAlpin (flourished 832-60), traditionally, the founder 
2 CONT and first king of Scotland. About 834 he succeeded his father, Alpin 
2 CONT (reigned about 832-34), as king of the Gaelic Scots in Galloway. In a 
2 CONT series of battles (841-46) he conquered the Pictish Kingdom and, uniting 
2 CONT it with his own, called his expanded domains Scotland. The kingdom is 
2 CONT sometimes called Scone, after Kenneth's capital. In later years, the king 
2 CONT led six invasions of Lothian, southern Scotland, then part of Saxon 
2 CONT Northumbria.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1955@ INDI
1 NAME Donald I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 860/862
1 FAMC @F920@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1956@ INDI
1 NAME Constantine I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 877
2 NOTE Died in battle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 862/877
1 FAMC @F921@
1 FAMS @F927@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1957@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F921@
1 FAMS @F922@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1958@ INDI
1 NAME Aehd //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 878
2 NOTE Died in battle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 877/878
1 FAMC @F921@
1 FAMS @F923@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1959@ INDI
1 NAME Run Macarthgail //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Strathclyde
1 DEAT
2 DATE 872
1 FAMS @F922@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1960@ INDI
1 NAME Eocha //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 878/889
1 FAMC @F922@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1961@ INDI
1 NAME Constantine II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 900/942
1 FAMC @F923@
1 FAMS @F924@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1962@ INDI
1 NAME Indulf //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 954/962
1 FAMC @F924@
1 FAMS @F925@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1963@ INDI
1 NAME Cuilean //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 971
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 966/971
1 FAMC @F925@
1 FAMS @F926@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1964@ INDI
1 NAME Constantine III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 997
2 NOTE He was killed, Sniff.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 995/997
1 FAMC @F926@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1965@ INDI
1 NAME Donald II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 900
2 NOTE He died in battle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 889/900
1 FAMC @F927@
1 FAMS @F928@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1966@ INDI
1 NAME Malcolm I MacDonald //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 954
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 943/954
1 FAMC @F928@
1 FAMS @F929@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1967@ INDI
1 NAME Dubh //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 966
2 NOTE He died in battle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 962/966
1 FAMC @F929@
1 FAMS @F943@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I1968@ INDI
1 NAME Kenneth II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 995
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 971/995
1 FAMC @F929@
1 FAMS @F930@
1 NOTE Kenneth II (died 995), king of Scotland (971-95), the son of Malcolm I 
2 CONT MacDonald (reigned 943-54). From the beginning of his reign, Kenneth waged 
2 CONT war against the Saxons, particularly the earls of Northumbria, who 
2 CONT occupied southern Scotland, and the Scandinavian Vikings, who controlled 
2 CONT Scotland north of the Spey River. Although his wars were not successful, 
2 CONT Kenneth consolidated central Scotland into a strong kingdom. He was 
2 CONT murdered.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I1969@ INDI
1 NAME Russel /HECHT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F931@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1970@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F931@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1971@ INDI
1 NAME Brian /HECHT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F931@
1 FAMS @F934@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1972@ INDI
1 NAME Jeff /HECHT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F931@
1 FAMS @F933@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1973@ INDI
1 NAME Kathy /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F931@
1 FAMS @F932@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1974@ INDI
1 NAME Shelly /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F931@
1 FAMS @F935@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1975@ INDI
1 NAME Becky /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F931@
1 FAMS @F936@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1976@ INDI
1 NAME Kevin /ZINN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F932@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1977@ INDI
1 NAME Nick /ZINN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F932@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1978@ INDI
1 NAME Heath /ZINN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F932@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1979@ INDI
1 NAME Holly /ZINN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F932@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1980@ INDI
1 NAME April /ZINN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F932@
0 @I1981@ INDI
1 NAME Sally /BREWER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F977@
1 FAMS @F933@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1982@ INDI
1 NAME Emily /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F933@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1983@ INDI
1 NAME Janie /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F933@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1984@ INDI
1 NAME Debbie //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F978@
1 FAMS @F934@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1985@ INDI
1 NAME Noelle /HECHT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F934@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1986@ INDI
1 NAME Nathan /HECHT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F934@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1987@ INDI
1 NAME Kevin /MILLER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F935@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1988@ INDI
1 NAME Bill /HANSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F936@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1989@ INDI
1 NAME Amanda /HANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F936@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1990@ INDI
1 NAME Russell /ROSS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F264@
1 FAMS @F938@
1 NOTE He fought in the Persian Gulf War.  He lives in London.
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1991@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /ROSS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F264@
1 FAMS @F937@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1992@ INDI
1 NAME Kerry /ROSS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F264@
1 FAMS @F939@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1993@ INDI
1 NAME Mart /MAMMEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F937@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1994@ INDI
1 NAME Dwayne /MAMMEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F937@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1995@ INDI
1 NAME Andrea /MAMMEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F937@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1996@ INDI
1 NAME Melissa /MAMMEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F937@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1997@ INDI
1 NAME Valentina //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F938@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1998@ INDI
1 NAME Shane /ROSS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F938@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I1999@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy "Dotty" /ROSS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F938@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I2000@ INDI
1 NAME Rhonda //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F939@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I2001@ INDI
1 NAME Schaun /ROSS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F939@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I2002@ INDI
1 NAME Britany /ROSS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F939@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. interview on Dec 25, 1994, in Renner, SD.
0 @I2003@ INDI
1 NAME Lynn /BARNARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F940@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11). interview on Dec 24, 1994
0 @I2004@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BARNARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F940@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson) (Rec# 11). interview on Dec 24, 1994
0 @I2005@ INDI
1 NAME Crinan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Abbot of Dunkeld
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1045
2 NOTE Died in battle.
1 FAMS @F587@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2006@ INDI
1 NAME Muldred //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F588@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2007@ INDI
1 NAME Donada //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F588@
1 FAMS @F941@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2008@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F588@
1 FAMS @F942@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2009@ INDI
1 NAME Finlaech MacRory //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Mormaer of Moray
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1020
2 NOTE He was murdered.
1 FAMS @F941@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2010@ INDI
1 NAME Sigurd //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Orkney
1 FAMS @F942@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2011@ INDI
1 NAME Macbeth //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1005
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1057
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1040/1057
1 FAMC @F941@
1 FAMS @F947@
1 NOTE He was a commander for King Duncan I, and a chieftain of the Moray 
2 CONT district. After murdering Duncan in 1040, Macbeth claimed the kingdom and 
2 CONT ruled for 17 prosperous years. In 1057 he was killed in battle by Malcolm 
2 CONT Canmore (1031?-93), a son of Duncan I who was later, as Malcolm III, king 
2 CONT of Scotland. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Macbeth, a tragedy in five acts written by Shakespeare, is based on the 
2 CONT career of King Macbeth. Possibly performed as early as 1606, the play was 
2 CONT first printed in the edition of Shakespeare's works that was published in 
2 CONT 1623 and is known as the First Folio. The principal source used by the 
2 CONT author for this work was Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland 
2 CONT (1577) by the English chronicler Raphael Holinshed. The tragedy is a 
2 CONT penetrating, concentrated, and harrowing study of ambition. In the 
2 CONT characters of Macbeth and his wife, Lady Macbeth, the play provides two 
2 CONT strong roles long regarded as attractive vehicles for the leading actors 
2 CONT of the world. Shakespeare's tragedy also provided the basis for the 
2 CONT libretto of the opera Macbeth (1847) by the Italian composer Giuseppe 
2 CONT Verdi.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2012@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F587@
0 @I2013@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F587@
0 @I2014@ INDI
1 NAME Kenneth III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1005
2 NOTE He was killed in battle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 997/1005
1 FAMC @F943@
1 FAMS @F944@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2015@ INDI
1 NAME Boedhe //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1033
1 FAMC @F944@
1 FAMS @F945@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2016@ INDI
1 NAME Gruoch //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F945@
1 FAMS @F946@
1 FAMS @F947@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2017@ INDI
1 NAME Gillacomgan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Mormaer of Moray
1 FAMS @F946@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2018@ INDI
1 NAME Lulach //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1058
2 NOTE Died in battle.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1057/1058
1 FAMC @F946@
1 FAMS @F948@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2019@ INDI
1 NAME Malsnechtai //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1085
1 FAMC @F948@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2020@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F948@
0 @I2021@ INDI
1 NAME Melmare //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F386@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2022@ INDI
1 NAME Thorfinn //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Orkney
1 FAMS @F949@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2023@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F789@
0 @I2024@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F789@
0 @I2025@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1116
1 FAMC @F149@
1 FAMS @F950@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2026@ INDI
1 NAME Tuatan //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F2500@
1 SOUR Scotclan.txt *z
0 @I2027@ INDI
1 NAME Sybil //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F386@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I2028@ INDI
1 NAME Hedwig //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1006@
1 FAMS @F3468@
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I2029@ INDI
1 NAME Eustace III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Boulogne
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1125
1 FAMS @F950@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2030@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F950@
0 @I2031@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Boulogne
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1103/1105
2 PLAC Boulogne
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 MAY 1152
2 PLAC Hedingham Castle, Essex, England
1 BURI
2 PLAC Faversham Abbey
1 FAMC @F950@
1 FAMS @F951@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2032@ INDI
1 NAME Maud //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Northumberland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1131
1 FAMC @F1290@
1 FAMS @F953@
1 FAMS @F952@
1 NOTE She also had one son and two daughters with David I, king of Scotland.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2033@ INDI
1 NAME Constance //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1066
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 AUG 1090
2 PLAC Brittany, France
1 BURI
2 PLAC St Edmondsbury, Suffolk, England
1 FAMC @F150@
1 FAMS @F1291@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2034@ INDI
1 NAME Ethelreda //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F955@
1 FAMS @F954@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2035@ INDI
1 NAME Gospatrick //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Northumberland
1 FAMS @F955@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2036@ INDI
1 NAME William /FITZDUNCAN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F954@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2037@ INDI
1 NAME Adeliza //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1057
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1065
1 FAMC @F150@
1 NOTE She was bethrothed to Harold II.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2038@ INDI
1 NAME Cecily //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Abbess Holy Trinity Caen
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1055
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 JUL 1126
2 PLAC Caen, Calvados, France
1 FAMC @F150@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2039@ INDI
1 NAME Richard //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Bernay
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1054
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1081
2 PLAC New Forest, Hampshire, England
1 FAMC @F150@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2040@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Huntingdon & Northumberland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1152
1 FAMC @F952@
1 FAMS @F956@
1 NOTE He also had three daughters.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2041@ INDI
1 NAME Ada /DE WARENNE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1120
2 PLAC Surrey, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1178
1 BURI
2 PLAC Kelso, Roxburghshire, Scotland
1 FAMC @F957@
1 FAMS @F956@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2042@ INDI
1 NAME William /DE WARENNE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Surrey & Warrene
1 FAMC @F4662@
1 FAMS @F957@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2043@ INDI
1 NAME Papia //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Bayeux, Neustrie
1 FAMC @F958@
1 FAMS @F155@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2044@ INDI
1 NAME Berengar //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Bayeux
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 857
2 PLAC Bretagne, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 930
1 FAMS @F958@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I2045@ INDI
1 NAME Luitgarda //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F959@
1 FAMS @F960@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2046@ INDI
1 NAME Herbert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Vermandois
1 FAMS @F959@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2047@ INDI
1 NAME Sprota //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F153@
1 NOTE Also known as Adela.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2048@ INDI
1 NAME Gunnora //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Crepon
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1031
1 FAMC @F1018@
1 FAMS @F382@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2049@ INDI
1 NAME Emma //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 962
1 FAMC @F2083@
1 FAMS @F961@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2050@ INDI
1 NAME Maud //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1015
1 FAMC @F382@
1 FAMS @F962@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2051@ INDI
1 NAME Hedwig //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F382@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2052@ INDI
1 NAME Judith //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Brittany
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 974
2 PLAC Bretagne, France
2 SOUR Knox, Robert John Anderson and Tanner, Danielle.  AOL user BobNDani.  File 
3 CONT uploaded on AOL "Tanner/Courtenay/Larsson/9500+" on Feb 2, 1995. File 
3 CONT Name: knox0001.ged wsx
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1018
1 FAMC @F3573@
1 FAMS @F154@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2053@ INDI
1 NAME Papia //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Envermeu
1 FAMS @F586@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2054@ INDI
1 NAME Odo II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Chartres, Champagne, & Blois
1 FAMS @F962@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2055@ INDI
1 NAME Canute II the Great //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark, Norway, and England
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 994
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1035
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1016/1035
2 PLAC England
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1018/1035
2 PLAC Denmark
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1028/1035
2 PLAC Norway
1 FAMC @F1024@
1 FAMS @F1032@
1 FAMS @F963@
1 NOTE Canute conquered England in 1013. When his father died the following year, 
2 CONT he was proclaimed king of England by his Danish warriors. However, the 
2 CONT witenagemot, an advisory body to the Anglo-Saxon kings, reinstated King 
2 CONT Ćthelred, and Canute fled. He returned in 1015 and soon subjugated all of 
2 CONT England, except London. After Ćthelred's death in 1016, the Londoners 
2 CONT named his son, Eadmund II, king. During an ensuing struggle, the Londoners 
2 CONT were defeated at Ashingdon, Essex, in October 1016. The following month 
2 CONT Eadmund died and Canute emerged the undisputed king. A wise and effective 
2 CONT ruler, he reconciled with the English and maintained peace with the 
2 CONT Continental powers. To that end he married King Ćthelred's widow, 
2 CONT supported the church, and in 1027 went to Rome for the coronation of Holy 
2 CONT Roman Emperor Conrad II. For administrative purposes he divided England 
2 CONT into the four earldoms of Mercia, Northumberland, Wessex, and East Anglia. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Canute continued to reside in England even after he inherited the crown of 
2 CONT Denmark in 1018. He soon began his conflict with Olaf II of Norway, whose 
2 CONT realm he claimed. Forcing Olaf into exile in 1028, Canute installed his 
2 CONT young son, Svegn (reigned 1029-35; died 1036), to govern Norway; after 
2 CONT Olaf's fall at Stiklestad in 1030 his rule was unchallenged. Canute's 
2 CONT North Sea empire fell apart after his death. Two sons separately ascended 
2 CONT the thrones of England and Denmark, while the son of Olaf II succeeded in 
2 CONT Norway.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2056@ INDI
1 NAME Richard III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1027
1 FAMC @F154@
1 NOTE He was bethrothed to Adela, daughter of Robert I, king of France.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2057@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F154@
1 NOTE He was also called Nicholas.  He was a monk at Fechamp.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2058@ INDI
1 NAME Alice //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F154@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2059@ INDI
1 NAME Joan of Navarre //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1437
1 FAMC @F4135@
1 FAMS @F4134@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2060@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Normandy //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F154@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2061@ INDI
1 NAME Mauger //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Archbishop of Rouen
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1054
1 FAMC @F586@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2062@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Arques & Toulouse
1 FAMC @F586@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2063@ INDI
1 NAME Popa //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F586@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2064@ INDI
1 NAME Fulbert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Falaise
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F964@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2065@ INDI
1 NAME Herluin //
1 SEX M
1 TITL de Centeville
1 FAMS @F965@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2066@ INDI
1 NAME Robert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Mortain
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1091
1 FAMC @F965@
1 FAMS @F1284@
1 FAMS @F1285@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2067@ INDI
1 NAME Ecgberht (Egbert) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of the Angles, West Saxons, & Kent
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 775
1 DEAT
2 DATE 839
1 FAMC @F1538@
1 FAMS @F966@
1 NOTE Egbert (775?-839), king of Wessex (802-39), and the first Saxon king 
2 CONT recognized as sovereign of all England (828-39). He was the son of a 
2 CONT Kentish noble but claimed descent from Cerdic (reigned 519-34), founder of 
2 CONT Wessex, the kingdom of the West Saxons in southern England. During the 
2 CONT late 8th century, when King Offa of Mercia (reigned 757-96) ruled most of 
2 CONT England, Egbert lived in exile at the court of Charlemagne. Egbert 
2 CONT regained his kingdom in 802. He conquered the neighboring kingdoms of 
2 CONT Kent, Cornwall, and Mercia, and by 830 he was also acknowledged as 
2 CONT sovereign of East Anglia, Sussex, Surrey, and Northumbria and was given 
2 CONT the title of Bretwalda (Anglo-Saxon, ruler of the British). During 
2 CONT succeeding years Egbert led expeditions against the Welsh and the Vikings. 
2 CONT The year before his death he defeated a combined force of Danes and Welsh 
2 CONT at Hingston Down in Cornwall. He was succeeded by his son Ethelwulf 
2 CONT (825-58), the father of Alfred.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2068@ INDI
1 NAME Redburg //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F966@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2069@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelwulf //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wessex
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 790
1 DEAT
2 DATE 858
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 839/856
1 FAMC @F966@
1 FAMS @F967@
1 FAMS @F969@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2070@ INDI
1 NAME Osburgh //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F968@
1 FAMS @F967@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2071@ INDI
1 NAME Oslac //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Chief Butler
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F968@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2072@ INDI
1 NAME Judith //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F970@
1 FAMS @F969@
1 FAMS @F973@
1 FAMS @F974@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2073@ INDI
1 NAME Charles III the Fat //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor & II King of France & 
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 839
1 DEAT
2 DATE 888
1 FAMC @F1282@
1 FAMS @F970@
1 NOTE Charles III (Holy Roman Empire), called The Fat (839-88), Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor (881-87), king of the East Franks, or Germans (876-87), and, as 
2 CONT Charles II, king of the West Franks, or French (884-87). He was the son of 
2 CONT Emperor Louis II and the great-grandson of Charlemagne. Charles was 
2 CONT deposed from his thrones in 887 by his nephew, Arnulf, duke of Carinthia. 
2 CONT His deposition marked the dissolution of the Frankish Empire.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2074@ INDI
1 NAME Editha //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F966@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2075@ INDI
1 NAME Alfred the Great //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of the West Saxons
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 849
2 PLAC Wantage, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 899
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 871/899
1 FAMC @F967@
1 FAMS @F971@
1 NOTE He is one of the outstanding figures of English history. On the death of 
2 CONT his brother Ćthelred Alfred became king, coming to the throne during a 
2 CONT Danish invasion. Although he succeeded in making peace with the Danes, 
2 CONT they resumed their marauding expeditions five years later, and by early 
2 CONT 878 they were successful almost everywhere. About Easter of 878, however, 
2 CONT Alfred established himself at Athelney and began assembling an army. In 
2 CONT the middle of that year he defeated the Danes and captured their 
2 CONT stronghold, probably at present-day Edington. During the following 14 
2 CONT years Alfred was able to devote himself to the internal affairs of his 
2 CONT kingdom. By 886 he had captured the city of London, and soon afterward he 
2 CONT was recognized as the king of all England. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In 893 the Danes invaded England again, and the following four years were 
2 CONT marked by warfare; eventually, the Danes were forced to withdraw from 
2 CONT Alfred's domain. The only ruler to resist Danish invasions successfully, 
2 CONT Alfred made his kingdom the rallying point for all Saxons, thus laying the 
2 CONT foundation for the unification of England. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Alfred was a patron of learning and did much for the education of his 
2 CONT people. He began a court school and invited British and foreign scholars, 
2 CONT notably the Welsh monk Asser (flourished 885-909) and the Irish-born 
2 CONT philosopher and theologian John Scotus Erigena, to come there. Alfred 
2 CONT translated such works as The Consolation of Philosophy by the Roman 
2 CONT statesman and philosopher Boethius, The History of the World by the 
2 CONT Spanish priest Paulus Orosius (circa 385-420), and Pastoral Care by Pope 
2 CONT Gregory I. Alfred's laws, the first promulgated in more than a century, 
2 CONT were the first that made no distinction between the English and the Welsh 
2 CONT peoples.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2076@ INDI
1 NAME Ealhswyth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Mercia
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 902
1 FAMC @F984@
1 FAMS @F971@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2077@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelswyth //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 889
1 FAMC @F967@
1 FAMS @F972@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2078@ INDI
1 NAME Burghred //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Mercia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 874
1 FAMS @F972@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2079@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelred I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wessex
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 845
2 SOUR yes qw
1 DEAT
2 DATE 871
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 866/871
1 FAMC @F967@
1 FAMS @F975@
1 NOTE Wounded at Merton
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2080@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelstan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sub King of Kent
1 DEAT
2 DATE 839
1 FAMC @F966@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2081@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelbald //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wessex
1 DEAT
2 DATE 860
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 856/860
1 FAMC @F967@
1 FAMS @F973@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2082@ INDI
1 NAME Baldwin I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Flanders
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 879
1 FAMC @F2196@
1 FAMS @F974@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2083@ INDI
1 NAME Baldwin II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Flanders
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 918
1 FAMC @F974@
1 FAMS @F976@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2084@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelbert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sub King of Kent
1 DEAT
2 DATE 866
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 860/866
1 FAMC @F967@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2085@ INDI
1 NAME Wulfthryth //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F975@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2086@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelhelm //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Archbishop of Canterbury
1 DEAT
2 DATE 923
1 FAMC @F975@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2087@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelwald //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of York
1 DEAT
2 DATE 902
2 PLAC Holme
2 NOTE Killed in battle at Holme.
1 FAMC @F975@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2088@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelflćd //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Lady of Mercia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 918
1 FAMC @F971@
1 FAMS @F986@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2089@ INDI
1 NAME Edward the Elder //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wessex
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 924
2 PLAC Faringdon, Barkshire
2 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
1 BURI
2 PLAC Winchester
2 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 900/924
1 FAMC @F971@
1 FAMS @F979@
1 FAMS @F980@
1 FAMS @F982@
1 NOTE He succeeded as king of the Angles and Saxons in 899, despite a rebellion 
2 CONT led by his cousin Ćthelwald (died 902) with the support of the Danes of 
2 CONT Northumbria and East Anglia. After a protracted struggle he defeated the 
2 CONT Danes, and in 912, on the death of his brother-in-law Ćthelred, ealderman 
2 CONT of Mercia, he annexed the cities of London and Oxford and their environs. 
2 CONT The Danes submitted formally in 918, and soon thereafter the sovereignty 
2 CONT of Eadward was acknowledged by the North Welsh, the Scots, the 
2 CONT Northumbrians, and the Welsh of Strathclyde. Eadward was succeeded by his 
2 CONT son Ćthelstan.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2090@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelgeofu //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Abbess of Shaftesburt
1 FAMC @F971@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2091@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelweard //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 922
1 FAMC @F971@
1 FAMS @F985@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2092@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfthryth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of England
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 929
1 FAMC @F971@
1 FAMS @F976@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2093@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F977@
0 @I2094@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /BREWER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F977@
0 @I2095@ INDI
1 NAME Julie /BREWER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F977@
0 @I2096@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel /BREWER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F977@
0 @I2097@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F978@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. Interview on Dec 26, 1994 in Renner, SD.
0 @I2098@ INDI
1 NAME Denise //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F978@
1 SOUR Ross, Shawna Leigh. Interview on Dec 26, 1994 in Renner, SD.
0 @I2099@ INDI
1 NAME Ecgwyn //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F979@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2100@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlflćd //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F981@
1 FAMS @F980@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2101@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelhelm //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F981@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2102@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgifu (Edgiva) //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F983@
1 FAMS @F982@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2103@ INDI
1 NAME Sigehelm //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman of Kent
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F983@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2104@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelred Mucil //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman of the Gainai
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F984@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2105@ INDI
1 NAME Ethelwin //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 937
2 NOTE Killed in battle at Brunanburh.
1 FAMC @F985@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2106@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfwine //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 937
2 NOTE Killed in battle at Brunanburh.
1 FAMC @F985@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2107@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelred //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman of Mercia
1 DEAT
2 DATE 910
1 FAMS @F986@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2108@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelstan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 895
1 DEAT
2 DATE 939
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 924/939
1 FAMC @F979@
1 NOTE The first monarch to take the title of king of England. The grandson of 
2 CONT King Alfred, he was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames and seems to have 
2 CONT possessed both great ambition and talent. It is supposed that his design 
2 CONT was to unite, under his personal rule, the entire island of Britain. On 
2 CONT the death of his brother-in-law Sihtric (reigned about 921-26), king of 
2 CONT Northumbria, about 926, Athelstan took possession of his dominions. The 
2 CONT other kings of the island submitted to him, in some instances voluntarily, 
2 CONT and he styled himself Rex totius Britanniae (King of all Britain). A 
2 CONT league, composed of Welsh, Scottish, and Danish allies, was formed against 
2 CONT him. A fierce and decisive battle was fought (937) at Brunanburh, in which 
2 CONT the allies were utterly defeated. After this the renown of Athelstan 
2 CONT spread to the Continent. He exhibited a deep interest in the welfare of 
2 CONT his people, improved the laws, and encouraged the translation of the Bible 
2 CONT into the vernacular.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2109@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F979@
1 FAMS @F987@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2110@ INDI
1 NAME Sihtric //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Northumbria & York
1 DEAT
2 DATE 927
1 FAMS @F987@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2111@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfweard //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 924
1 FAMC @F980@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2112@ INDI
1 NAME Eadflćd //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F980@
1 NOTE She was a nun.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2113@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgifu //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 896
2 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
1 DEAT
2 DATE 951
1 FAMC @F980@
1 FAMS @F989@
1 FAMS @F990@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2114@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelhild //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F980@
1 NOTE She was a nun.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2115@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgyth //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 946
1 FAMC @F980@
1 FAMS @F991@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2116@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F980@
1 FAMS @F992@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2117@ INDI
1 NAME Eadwine //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 933
2 NOTE He drowned.
1 FAMC @F980@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2118@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 921
1 DEAT
2 DATE 946
2 PLAC Pucklechurch
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 939/946
1 FAMC @F982@
1 FAMS @F993@
1 FAMS @F994@
1 NOTE Edmund I (921-46), Saxon king of the English (939-46), the son of King 
2 CONT Edward the Elder. He participated in the Battle of Brunanburh in 937 and 
2 CONT succeeded his half brother Athelstan as king in 939. The following year 
2 CONT Olaf Godfreyson, a Viking ruler of Dublin, seized the territory of 
2 CONT Northumbria in northern England and extended his rule as far south as 
2 CONT Leicester. After Olaf's death in 941, Edmund made war on the Vikings, 
2 CONT expelling them from the country three years later. In 945 Edmund occupied 
2 CONT the kingdom of Strathclyde, west of Northumbria, and turned it over to his 
2 CONT ally Malcolm I MacDonald, king of Scotland (reigned 943-54). The following 
2 CONT year Edmund was stabbed to death by a robber and was succeeded by his 
2 CONT brother Edred (reigned 945-55). Edmund was known as a legal reformer, 
2 CONT especially for his restrictions on the blood feud.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2119@ INDI
1 NAME Edwy (Eadred) //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 940
1 DEAT
2 DATE 959
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 946/959
1 FAMC @F982@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2120@ INDI
1 NAME Elfred //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F982@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2121@ INDI
1 NAME Eadburgh //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F982@
1 NOTE She was a nun at Winchester.
0 @I2122@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgifu //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F982@
1 FAMS @F996@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2123@ INDI
1 NAME Charles III the Simple //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of France
1 BIRT
2 DATE 879
1 DEAT
2 DATE 929
1 FAMC @F988@
1 FAMS @F989@
1 NOTE Charles III (of France) (879-929), king of France (898-922). Called 
2 CONT Charles the Simple, he was the posthumous son of King Louis II (846-79). 
2 CONT Charles claimed the throne after 893, during the reign of Odo, or Eudes 
2 CONT (858-98), count of Paris, but was not acknowledged king until 898. His 
2 CONT reign was plagued by raids of Scandinavian Vikings, to whom he finally 
2 CONT ceded (911) much of what later was called Normandy. Charles was deposed in 
2 CONT 922 by his chief vassals and imprisoned in Péronne from 923 until his 
2 CONT death.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2124@ INDI
1 NAME Heribert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Meaux
1 DEAT
2 DATE 983
1 FAMS @F990@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2125@ INDI
1 NAME Eadhild //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F980@
1 FAMS @F384@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2126@ INDI
1 NAME Otto I the Great //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 912
1 DEAT
2 DATE 973
1 FAMC @F2199@
1 FAMS @F991@
1 FAMS @F1515@
1 NOTE Otto I (Holy Roman Empire), called Otto the Great (912-73), Holy Roman 
2 CONT emperor (962-73), king of Germany (936-73), the son of the German king 
2 CONT Henry I. After subduing an uprising of nobles incited by his brother, Otto 
2 CONT consolidated his kingdom by granting duchies to faithful relatives and 
2 CONT followers. In 951 he marched to Italy to assist Adelaide, the widowed 
2 CONT queen of Lombardy (931?-99), against Berengar II (died 966), who had 
2 CONT usurped the kingdom. Otto defeated Berengar and married Adelaide, thereby 
2 CONT becoming ruler of northern Italy. When he returned to Germany, he again 
2 CONT crushed a rebellion of nobles led by his son Liudolf and halted a 
2 CONT Hungarian invasion in 955. In 962 he was crowned Holy Roman emperor. In 
2 CONT 963 he deposed Pope John XII and had Leo VIII (died 965) elected in his 
2 CONT stead. Otto sought to make the church subordinate to the authority of the 
2 CONT empire but assisted in spreading Christianity throughout his domain. He 
2 CONT negotiated unsuccessfully with the Byzantine emperor Nicephorus II Phocas 
2 CONT (913?-69) for an alliance between the Byzantine and Holy Roman empires, 
2 CONT but was able to arrange a marriage between his son Otto II and Theophano 
2 CONT (955?-91), daughter of the Byzantine emperor Romanus II (939-63).
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2127@ INDI
1 NAME Conrad I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Burgundy
1 DEAT
2 DATE 993
1 FAMC @F2531@
1 FAMS @F992@
1 FAMS @F2530@
1 NOTE Called "the Peaceable."
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR O'shea/Charlemagne  qvc
0 @I2128@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 944
1 FAMS @F993@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2129@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelfled //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F995@
1 FAMS @F994@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2130@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgar //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman
1 FAMS @F995@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2131@ INDI
1 NAME Lewis //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Blind
1 DEAT
2 DATE 928
1 FAMS @F996@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2132@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelgifu //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F997@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2133@ INDI
1 NAME Ordmćr //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman
1 FAMS @F998@
0 @I2134@ INDI
1 NAME Ordgar //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman of Devon
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F999@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2135@ INDI
1 NAME Wulfryth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1000@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2136@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgyth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Abbess at Wilton
1 DEAT
2 DATE 984
1 FAMC @F1000@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2137@ INDI
1 NAME Eadmund //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 970
1 FAMC @F584@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2138@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1003
1 FAMC @F1002@
1 FAMS @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2139@ INDI
1 NAME Thored //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ealdorman of Mercia
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F1002@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2140@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelstan //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1015
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2141@ INDI
1 NAME Ecgbert //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1005
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2142@ INDI
1 NAME Eadmund II "Ironside" //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 981
1 DEAT
2 DATE NOV 1016
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1016
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 FAMS @F1003@
1 NOTE He was a Saxon king of the English, son of King Ethelred the Unready. When 
2 CONT Ethelred died (1016), Edmund was chosen king by the people of London, but 
2 CONT Canute II, king of Denmark, who was leading an invasion of England, 
2 CONT secured the support of the council (witenagemot) at Southampton and of 
2 CONT Edric (flourished 1001-17), Ethelred's son-in-law. Edmund met the Danes in 
2 CONT battle, winning several engagements and relieving Canute's siege of 
2 CONT London. He was defeated at Assandun (now Ashington), however, through the 
2 CONT treachery of Edric, who had pretended to desert Canute. A truce was 
2 CONT arranged between Canute and Edmund; Edmund was permitted to rule the south 
2 CONT of England until his death later in the year, when it reverted to Canute.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2143@ INDI
1 NAME Eadred //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1012
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2144@ INDI
1 NAME Eadwig (Edwy) //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1017
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2145@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgar //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1012
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2146@ INDI
1 NAME Wulfhild //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 FAMS @F1007@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2147@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgyth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 FAMS @F1008@
1 FAMS @F1009@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2148@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 FAMS @F1010@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2149@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 FAMS @F1011@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2150@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Abbess of Wherwell
1 FAMC @F1001@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2151@ INDI
1 NAME Edward the Confessor //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1002
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1066
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1042/1066
1 FAMC @F585@
1 FAMS @F1012@
1 NOTE During most of the rule of the Danish kings of England who followed Canute 
2 CONT II, Edward lived at the court of the dukes of Normandy. In 1041, 
2 CONT Hardecanute invited Edward to England, and the following year Edward 
2 CONT succeeded to the English throne, largely because of the support of Godwin, 
2 CONT earl of Wessex (990?-1053). Edward married Godwin's daughter, but soon 
2 CONT gave his favor to the enemies of Godwin, who was harassed and for a brief 
2 CONT time exiled. Perhaps because of Godwin's popularity in England, a 
2 CONT reconciliation was effected about 1052. Godwin's son Harold, later Harold 
2 CONT II of England, became one of Edward's advisers, and another son, Tostig, 
2 CONT became his favorite. In 1055, Edward made Tostig earl of Northumbria, but 
2 CONT the earl's rule was so oppressive that a rebellion broke out in 1065, and 
2 CONT Edward was forced to exile him. Thereafter, Edward's health failed, and he 
2 CONT was unable to attend the consecration of Westminster Abbey, which he had 
2 CONT founded. He was succeeded by Harold II, the last Saxon king of England. 
2 CONT Less than a century after his death, Edward was canonized.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2152@ INDI
1 NAME Alfred //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1036
2 NOTE He was murdered.
1 FAMC @F585@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2153@ INDI
1 NAME Goda //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1056
1 FAMC @F585@
1 FAMS @F1013@
1 FAMS @F1014@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2154@ INDI
1 NAME Ealdgyth //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F1004@
1 FAMS @F1003@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2155@ INDI
1 NAME Sigeferth //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1004@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2156@ INDI
1 NAME Edward the Exile //
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1057
1 FAMC @F1003@
1 FAMS @F1005@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2157@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1003@
1 FAMS @F3468@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2158@ INDI
1 NAME Agatha //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F1006@
1 FAMS @F1005@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2159@ INDI
1 NAME Stephen I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Hungary
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 975
2 PLAC Esztergom, Hungary
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1038
1 FAMC @F1134@
1 FAMS @F1006@
1 NOTE He was also called St. Stephen, founder of the Árpád dynasty. A pagan at 
2 CONT birth, he was converted to Christianity in his youth. He became duke of 
2 CONT Hungary in 997. Shortly thereafter a pagan revolt broke out in several 
2 CONT Hungarian provinces; Stephen immediately attacked the insurgents and 
2 CONT defeated them at Veszprém. He was crowned king in 1001; on the occasion of 
2 CONT his coronation Pope Sylvester II sent a crown from Rome and accorded him 
2 CONT the title Apostolic Majesty, which was borne by Hungarian sovereigns until 
2 CONT the overthrow of the Hungarian monarchy in 1918. His reign was notable for 
2 CONT the propagation of Christianity and the suppression of paganism throughout 
2 CONT Hungary. He was canonized in 1083 and became the patron saint of Hungary. 
2 CONT His feast day is August 16.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2160@ INDI
1 NAME Edgar //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1125
1 FAMC @F1005@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2161@ INDI
1 NAME Christina //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1005@
1 NOTE She was a nun at Romsey.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2162@ INDI
1 NAME Ulfcytel //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of East Anglia
1 FAMS @F1007@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2163@ INDI
1 NAME Eadric Streona //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1017
1 FAMS @F1008@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2164@ INDI
1 NAME Thurkil //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Tall
1 FAMS @F1009@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2165@ INDI
1 NAME Uhtred //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Northumbria
1 FAMS @F1010@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2166@ INDI
1 NAME Ćthelstan //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1010
1 FAMS @F1011@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2167@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgyth (Edith) //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1074
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 FAMS @F1012@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2168@ INDI
1 NAME Dreux //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of the Vexin
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1035
1 FAMS @F1013@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2169@ INDI
1 NAME Eustace II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Boulogne
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1087
1 FAMS @F1014@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2170@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1014@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2171@ INDI
1 NAME Ralf the Timid //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Hereford
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1057
1 FAMC @F1013@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2172@ INDI
1 NAME Walter //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Mantes
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1064
1 FAMC @F1013@
1 FAMS @F1015@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2173@ INDI
1 NAME Son //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1013@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2174@ INDI
1 NAME Biota //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1016@
1 FAMS @F1015@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2175@ INDI
1 NAME Herbert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Maine
1 FAMS @F1016@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2176@ INDI
1 NAME Gorm the Old //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 860
1 DEAT
2 DATE 935
1 FAMC @F1989@
1 FAMS @F1017@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2177@ INDI
1 NAME Harald II Bluetooth //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark
1 REFN +
1 BAPM
2 DATE 960
1 DEAT
2 DATE 986
1 FAMC @F1017@
1 FAMS @F1018@
1 NOTE He consolidated the Danish realm as a unitary kingdom. He inherited his 
2 CONT father's kingdom, centered on Jelling in Jutland. Although he temporarily 
2 CONT (974-83) lost southern Jutland to Holy Roman Emperor Otto II, Harold 
2 CONT secured all Denmark under his control and extended his rule to much of 
2 CONT Norway. Baptized and thus introducing Christianity into Denmark, he had 
2 CONT the famous Jelling rune stone erected in his parents' memory. Harold was 
2 CONT fatally wounded during a rebellion by his son and successor, Svegn I.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR yes qw
0 @I2178@ INDI
1 NAME Meurig //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 986
1 FAMC @F1072@
1 FAMS @F1075@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2179@ INDI
1 NAME Hĺkon //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1018@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2180@ INDI
1 NAME Svegn "Forkbeard" //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Denmark & Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 960
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1014
2 PLAC Denmark
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 985/1014
1 FAMC @F1018@
1 FAMS @F1024@
1 FAMS @F1026@
1 NOTE In English, Sweyn I. He made an expedition against England in 994 and 
2 CONT extorted a large amount of tribute money. Following a massacre of Danes in 
2 CONT England in 1002, he conducted a further series of raids and in 1013 led an 
2 CONT invasion with the object of effecting a permanent conquest. The fall of 
2 CONT London and the flight of the English king Ćthelred II to Normandy early in 
2 CONT 1014 made Svegn master of the country. After his death the throne of 
2 CONT England eventually passed (1016) to his son Canute II.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2181@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhild //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1002
2 NOTE She was murdered.
1 FAMC @F1018@
1 FAMS @F1019@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2182@ INDI
1 NAME Thyra Haraldsdotter //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 18 SEP 1000
1 FAMC @F1018@
1 FAMS @F1020@
1 FAMS @F1022@
1 FAMS @F1023@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2183@ INDI
1 NAME Palig //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jarl
1 FAMS @F1019@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2184@ INDI
1 NAME Styrbjorn Olofson //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 986
2 NOTE He was killed in battle.
1 FAMC @F1021@
1 FAMS @F1020@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2185@ INDI
1 NAME Olof Bjornson //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sweden
1 FAMC @F1029@
1 FAMS @F1021@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2186@ INDI
1 NAME Mjeczislas //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Poland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 992
1 FAMS @F1022@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2187@ INDI
1 NAME Olaf I Tryggvason //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 BIRT
2 DATE 968
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1000
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 995/1000
1 FAMS @F1023@
1 NOTE Olaf I, full name Olaf Tryggvason (968-1000), king of Norway (995-1000). A 
2 CONT great-grandson of King Harold I, he was brought up in Russia and later 
2 CONT participated in numerous Viking raids along the Baltic and North Sea 
2 CONT coasts and in the British Isles. During his last campaign, in England 
2 CONT (994) with Sweyn I Forkbeard of Denmark, he was converted to Christianity, 
2 CONT and the following year he returned to Norway, where a rebellion had 
2 CONT erupted against the pagan Earl Hĺkon (937?-95). The victorious Olaf 
2 CONT founded the city of Nidaros (now Trondheim) as his capital and set out to 
2 CONT Christianize the country. Only partly successful in Norway, his efforts 
2 CONT contributed to the conversion of Iceland, Greenland, and the Faeroe 
2 CONT Islands to Christianity. Olaf's forces were defeated by a coalition 
2 CONT consisting of Sweyn Forkbeard, King Olaf of Sweden (died 1022?), and the 
2 CONT two sons of Earl Hĺkon in the naval Battle of Svold (1000), during which 
2 CONT Olaf lost his life.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2188@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhilda //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1025@
1 FAMS @F1024@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2189@ INDI
1 NAME Mjeczislas I //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Poland
1 FAMS @F1025@
0 @I2190@ INDI
1 NAME Sigrid //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 950
2 PLAC Sweden
1 FAMC @F4807@
1 FAMS @F1026@
1 FAMS @F1027@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2191@ INDI
1 NAME Eric VI //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Sweden
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 930
2 PLAC Sweden
1 DEAT
2 DATE ABT 955
2 PLAC Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
1 FAMC @F4808@
1 FAMS @F1027@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2192@ INDI
1 NAME Gytha //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1024@
1 FAMS @F1030@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2193@ INDI
1 NAME Harald //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1018
1 FAMC @F1024@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2194@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1024@
1 FAMS @F1031@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2195@ INDI
1 NAME Gytha Styrbjornsdotter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1020@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2196@ INDI
1 NAME Ingeborg Thrandsdotter //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1028@
1 FAMS @F1021@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2197@ INDI
1 NAME Eric //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jarl of Norway
1 FAMS @F1030@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2198@ INDI
1 NAME Wytgeorn //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wendland
1 FAMS @F1031@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2199@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 PLAC England at the time
1 FAMC @F1033@
1 FAMS @F1032@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2200@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfhelm //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Northampton
1 FAMS @F1033@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2201@ INDI
1 NAME Bjorn Ericsson //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 930
2 PLAC Sweden
1 FAMC @F1036@
1 FAMS @F1029@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2202@ INDI
1 NAME Erik Edmundson //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Sweden
1 DEAT
2 DATE 906
1 FAMC @F2962@
1 FAMS @F1036@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2203@ INDI
1 NAME Osbjorn //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1086
1 FAMC @F2960@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2204@ INDI
1 NAME Svegn //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1036
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1029/1035
1 FAMC @F1032@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2205@ INDI
1 NAME Harold I Harefoot //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1040
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1037/1040
1 FAMC @F1032@
1 NOTE On his father's death in 1035, Harold claimed the English crown, despite 
2 CONT Canute's designation of Hardecanute, Harold's legitimate half brother, as 
2 CONT the successor. The English witenagemot (royal council) settled the rival 
2 CONT claims by giving Mercia and Northumbria to Harold, and Wessex to 
2 CONT Hardecanute. Hardecanute remained in Denmark, however, and Wessex gave its 
2 CONT allegiance to Harold, who became king of all England in 1037. His reign 
2 CONT was oppressive and was marked by continual struggle with Hardecanute.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2206@ INDI
1 NAME Hardecanute //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England & Denmark
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1019
2 PLAC Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1042
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1040/1042
1 FAMC @F963@
1 NOTE (Danish Hardeknud) (circa 1019-42), the last Danish king of England. When 
2 CONT his father Canute died (1035), however, Hardecanute was in Denmark, and 
2 CONT his illegitimate half brother, Harold Harefoot, who was then in England, 
2 CONT took control of that country; he was accepted as King Harold I by the 
2 CONT witenagemot (royal council) in 1037. The ensuing struggle between the two 
2 CONT brothers was ended only by the death of Harold in 1040. Hardecanute, then 
2 CONT officially chosen as king by the witenagemot, was unpopular with his 
2 CONT subjects and left the control of the realm to his mother and the powerful 
2 CONT Godwin, earl of Wessex (d. 1053). Hardecanute was succeeded in Denmark by 
2 CONT Magnus I (the Good), king of Norway, and in England by his half brother 
2 CONT Edward the Confessor.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2207@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhild //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1038
1 FAMC @F963@
1 FAMS @F1034@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2208@ INDI
1 NAME Henry III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1017
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1056
1 FAMC @F1035@
1 FAMS @F1034@
1 FAMS @F1537@
1 NOTE Henry III (Holy Roman Empire), called The Black (1017-56), German king 
2 CONT (1028-56) and Holy Roman emperor (1039-56), son and successor of Conrad 
2 CONT II. When, in 1041, the Bohemians invaded the lands of the Poles, who were 
2 CONT Henry's vassals, Henry brought them to submission, compelling the duke of 
2 CONT Bohemia to recognize his suzerainty. Between 1043 and 1045 Henry 
2 CONT campaigned successfully to restore the deposed Hungarian king to his 
2 CONT throne and for a short time afterward controlled Hungary. Henry was 
2 CONT greatly concerned with church reform and went to Rome in 1046 to settle 
2 CONT the conflict caused by three rival claimants to the papacy. Setting aside 
2 CONT the three antipopes, he appointed a German bishop, who, as Pope Clement II 
2 CONT (fl. 1032-47), crowned Henry Holy Roman emperor. During the rest of his 
2 CONT reign Henry appointed three succeeding popes, all Germans. Returning to 
2 CONT Germany, he contended with domestic rebellions. Henry supported the 
2 CONT church's attempts to check clerical abuses; he also strengthened the power 
2 CONT of the papacy, which proved disadvantageous for his son, Henry IV.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2209@ INDI
1 NAME Conrad II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany
1 BIRT
2 DATE 990
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1039
1 FAMC @F4811@
1 FAMS @F1035@
1 NOTE Conrad II (990?-1039), king of Germany (1024-39) and Holy Roman emperor 
2 CONT (1027-39), a descendant of Emperor Otto I, the Great. Before his election 
2 CONT as emperor, Conrad was duke of Franconia. When Henry II, the last of the 
2 CONT Saxon emperors, died in 1024, Conrad was chosen to succeed him as king of 
2 CONT the Germans. Conrad was crowned Holy Roman emperor by the pope in 1027. 
2 CONT Before his coronation he suppressed rebellions in northern Italy, and in 
2 CONT 1026 he was crowned king of the Lombards. During his reign the boundaries 
2 CONT of the empire were increased by his inheritance of the kingdom of Burgundy 
2 CONT from its last ruler, Rudolf III (reigned 993-1032). Conrad died while 
2 CONT trying to suppress a second rebellion in northern Italy. He transmitted 
2 CONT his power to his son, who became emperor as Henry III. Conrad's 
2 CONT descendants, known as the Franconian, or Salian, dynasty, ruled the empire 
2 CONT until 1125.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2210@ INDI
1 NAME Thrand //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1028@
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2211@ INDI
1 NAME Michal //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F3006@
1 FAMS @F3005@
0 @I2212@ INDI
1 NAME Gytha //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F2961@
1 FAMS @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2213@ INDI
1 NAME Godwine //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Wessex & Kent
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 990
2 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1053
1 FAMS @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2214@ INDI
1 NAME Svegn //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1052
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2215@ INDI
1 NAME Harold II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1020
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1066
2 PLAC the Battle of Hastings
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1066
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 FAMS @F1038@
1 FAMS @F553@
1 NOTE He was the last of the Saxon rulers, and a capable military leader. 
2 CONT 
2 CONT Harold was made earl of East Anglia in 1045. In 1051 Godwin lost the favor 
2 CONT of King Edward the Confessor and was exiled with his sons, but the 
2 CONT following year the lands and titles of the family were restored in order 
2 CONT to strengthen the security of the country. In 1053 Harold succeeded his 
2 CONT father as earl of Wessex, becoming chief minister to King Edward and the 
2 CONT most powerful man in the realm. Through his efforts, the warlike Welsh 
2 CONT were subdued in 1063. After a revolt against Harold's brother Tostig, earl 
2 CONT of Northumbria, Harold was forced to banish Tostig, an action that managed 
2 CONT to restore peace but created a bitter enmity between the two brothers. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Probably in 1064, Harold was shipwrecked off the coast of Normandy and 
2 CONT captured by William, duke of Normandy. In order to secure his release, 
2 CONT Harold was forced to swear that he would support William's claim to the 
2 CONT crown of England. King Edward had generally favored the Normans during his 
2 CONT lifetime, but when he was dying, he recommended that the throne be awarded 
2 CONT to Harold, whom the witenagemot (royal council) elected and crowned. 
2 CONT William immediately asserted his claim, which was supported by the 
2 CONT dispossessed Tostig and Harold III (Hard Ruler) of Norway. Tostig and his 
2 CONT Norwegian ally invaded Yorkshire and, after several military successes, 
2 CONT were routed by the English forces at Stamford Bridge on September 25, 
2 CONT 1066; both were killed. Three days later, William landed in Sussex with 
2 CONT his army, forcing Harold to rush southward to meet him. The armies engaged 
2 CONT at Senlac Hill on October 14, 1066, in the Battle of Hastings; the defeat 
2 CONT and death of Harold made William, thereafter called The Conqueror, ruler 
2 CONT of England as King William I.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2216@ INDI
1 NAME Tostig //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Northumbria
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1024
2 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 SEP 1066
2 PLAC the Battle of Stamford Bridge
2 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 FAMS @F1041@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2217@ INDI
1 NAME Leofwine //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1066
2 NOTE He was killed in battle at Hastings.
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2218@ INDI
1 NAME Gyrth //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1066
2 NOTE He was killed in battle at Hastings.
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2219@ INDI
1 NAME Wulfnoth //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE AFT 1087
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2220@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhild //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1037@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2221@ INDI
1 NAME Eadgyth //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1038@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2222@ INDI
1 NAME Nechtan //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F2500@
1 SOUR Scotclan.txt *z
0 @I2223@ INDI
1 NAME Godwine //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1038@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2224@ INDI
1 NAME Eadmund //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1038@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2225@ INDI
1 NAME Magnus //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1038@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2226@ INDI
1 NAME Ulf //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1038@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2227@ INDI
1 NAME Gytha //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1038@
1 FAMS @F1040@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2228@ INDI
1 NAME Gunhild //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1038@
1 NOTE She was a nun at Wilton.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2229@ INDI
1 NAME Harold //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F553@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2230@ INDI
1 NAME Waldemar //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Novgorod
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1125
1 FAMS @F1040@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2231@ INDI
1 NAME Judith //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1042@
1 FAMS @F1041@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2232@ INDI
1 NAME Baldwin IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Flanders
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 987
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 MAY 1035
1 FAMC @F2149@
1 FAMS @F1042@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
2 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
0 @I2233@ INDI
1 NAME Skuli //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1041@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2234@ INDI
1 NAME Ketil //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1041@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2235@ INDI
1 NAME Ethil //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Heiress of Gwynedd
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F2251@
1 FAMS @F1043@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2236@ INDI
1 NAME Gwriad of the Isle of Man //
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F4372@
1 FAMS @F1043@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2237@ INDI
1 NAME Merfyn the Freckled //
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 844
1 FAMC @F1043@
1 FAMS @F1044@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2238@ INDI
1 NAME Nest ferch Cadell //
1 SEX F
1 REFN 275460659089
1 FAMC @F1045@
1 FAMS @F1044@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2239@ INDI
1 NAME Cadell ap Brochwel //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Powys
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F1045@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2240@ INDI
1 NAME Rhodri Mawr //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 REFN 137730329544
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 789
2 PLAC Caer Seiont, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 878
2 PLAC Anglsy, Wales
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 844/878
1 FAMC @F1044@
1 FAMS @F1046@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2241@ INDI
1 NAME Angharad ferch Meurig //
1 SEX F
1 REFN 137730329545
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 825
2 PLAC Caer Seiont, Wales
1 FAMC @F1047@
1 FAMS @F1046@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2242@ INDI
1 NAME Meurig //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Greater Ceredigion
1 FAMS @F1047@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2243@ INDI
1 NAME Anarawd ap Rhodri //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Prince of Wales
1 REFN 68865164772
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 857
2 PLAC Caer Seiont, Crnrvn, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 916
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 878/916
1 FAMC @F1046@
1 FAMS @F1071@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2244@ INDI
1 NAME Cadell ap Rhodri //
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 909
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 878/909
1 FAMC @F1046@
1 FAMS @F1048@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2245@ INDI
1 NAME Four sons //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1046@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2246@ INDI
1 NAME Daughter //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F164@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2247@ INDI
1 NAME Infant //
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F4136@
0 @I2248@ INDI
1 NAME Four others //
1 FAMC @F1096@
0 @I2249@ INDI
1 NAME Hywel "Ddu" (the Good) //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 950
1 FAMC @F1048@
1 FAMS @F1049@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2250@ INDI
1 NAME Clydog //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 920
1 FAMC @F1048@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2251@ INDI
1 NAME Elen ferch Llywarch //
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMC @F1050@
1 FAMS @F1049@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2252@ INDI
1 NAME Llywarch ap Hyfaidd //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Dyfed
1 FAMS @F1050@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2253@ INDI
1 NAME Two sons //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1049@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2254@ INDI
1 NAME Four daughters //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1094@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2255@ INDI
1 NAME Owain ap Hywel //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 988
1 FAMC @F1049@
1 FAMS @F1051@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2256@ INDI
1 NAME Cadwallon ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 966
1 FAMC @F1051@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2257@ INDI
1 NAME Einion ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 984
1 FAMC @F1051@
1 FAMS @F1052@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2258@ INDI
1 NAME Idwallon ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 975
1 FAMC @F1051@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2259@ INDI
1 NAME Maredudd ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 DEAT
2 DATE 999
1 FAMC @F1051@
1 FAMS @F1054@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2260@ INDI
1 NAME Cadell ap Einion //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1052@
1 FAMS @F1053@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2261@ INDI
1 NAME Tewdr Mawr //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1053@
1 FAMS @F1063@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2262@ INDI
1 NAME Cadwallon //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 992
1 FAMC @F1054@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2263@ INDI
1 NAME Jesus Christ //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Nazareth
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 BC
2 PLAC Bethlehem, Judea
1 FAMC @F1055@
0 @I2264@ INDI
1 NAME Jehovah God //
1 SEX M
1 EVEN
2 TYPE He is immortal
2 PLAC Heaven
1 FAMS @F1055@
0 @I2265@ INDI
1 NAME Owain ap Edwin //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1056@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2266@ INDI
1 NAME Cynfyn ap Gwerystan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Powys
1 FAMS @F1057@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2267@ INDI
1 NAME Owain Gwynedd //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1170
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1137/1170
1 FAMC @F1069@
1 FAMS @F1058@
1 FAMS @F1081@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2268@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffydd ap Cynan //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1059@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2269@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /WELLES/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 OCT 1653
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F241@
0 @I2270@ INDI
1 NAME Rhiwallon //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1073
1 FAMC @F1057@
1 FAMS @F1065@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2271@ INDI
1 NAME Bleddyn ap Cyfyn //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ruler of Powys
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1075
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1063/1075
1 FAMC @F1057@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2272@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffydd ap Llywelyn //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ruler of all Wales, King of Gwynedd
1 REFN 4304072798
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1011
2 PLAC Rhuddlan, Flntsh, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 AUG 1063
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1039/1063
1 FAMC @F2320@
1 FAMS @F1061@
1 NOTE He had 2 sons and 1 saughter.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2273@ INDI
1 NAME Ealdgyth //
1 SEX F
1 REFN 4304072799
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1034
2 PLAC Mercia, England
1 FAMC @F1062@
1 FAMS @F1061@
1 FAMS @F553@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2274@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgar //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Mercia
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1002
2 PLAC Mercia, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1059
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1059
2 PLAC Coventry, Warwickshire, England
1 FAMC @F2321@
1 FAMS @F1062@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2275@ INDI
1 NAME Godvia //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Countess of Mercia
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 980
2 PLAC Mercia, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1067
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1067
2 PLAC Coventry, England
1 FAMS @F2321@
0 @I2276@ INDI
1 NAME Leofric III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Mercia
1 BIRT
2 DATE 975
2 PLAC Mercia, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 AUG 1057
2 PLAC Bromley, Stafford, England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1057
2 PLAC England
1 FAMS @F2321@
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2277@ INDI
1 NAME Ćlfgifu //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Princess of England
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 997
2 PLAC Wessex, England
1 FAMS @F1062@
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2278@ INDI
1 NAME Rhys ap Tewdr //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ruler of Debeubarth (South Wales)
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1093
1 FAMC @F1063@
1 FAMS @F1064@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2279@ INDI
1 NAME Gwladys //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1065@
1 FAMS @F1064@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2280@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffydd ap Rhys //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1137
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1135/1137
1 FAMC @F1064@
1 FAMS @F1066@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2281@ INDI
1 NAME Gwenllian //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1059@
1 FAMS @F1066@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2282@ INDI
1 NAME Three sons, two daughters //
1 FAMC @F1066@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2283@ INDI
1 NAME Mary //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1690
2 PLAC St. James Palace, London, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1690
2 PLAC St. James Palace, London, England
1 FAMC @F463@
0 @I2284@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Gloucester
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 JUL 1689
2 PLAC Hampton Court Palace, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 30 JUL 1700
2 PLAC Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England
1 FAMC @F463@
0 @I2285@ INDI
1 NAME Son //
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 OCT 1687
1 DEAT
2 DATE STILLBORN
1 FAMC @F463@
0 @I2286@ INDI
1 NAME Anne Sophia //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 MAY 1686
2 PLAC Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 FEB 1687
2 PLAC Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England
1 FAMC @F463@
0 @I2287@ INDI
1 NAME Rhys ap Gruffydd //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1197
1 FAMC @F1066@
1 FAMS @F1067@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2288@ INDI
1 NAME Gwenllian //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1068@
1 FAMS @F1067@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2289@ INDI
1 NAME Madog ap Maredudd //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1068@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2290@ INDI
1 NAME Angharad //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1162
1 FAMC @F1056@
1 FAMS @F1069@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2291@ INDI
1 NAME Son //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1064@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2292@ INDI
1 NAME Nesta //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1064@
1 FAMS @F1070@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2293@ INDI
1 NAME Idwal //
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Bald
1 DEAT
2 DATE 942
1 FAMC @F1071@
1 FAMS @F1072@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2294@ INDI
1 NAME Elisedd ap Anarawd //
1 SEX M
1 REFN 34432582386
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 885
2 PLAC Aberffraw Castle, Angsly, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 942
2 PLAC Wales
1 FAMC @F1071@
1 FAMS @F2318@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2295@ INDI
1 NAME Iago //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 979
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 916/942
1 FAMC @F1072@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2296@ INDI
1 NAME Ieuaf //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 988
1 FAMC @F1072@
1 FAMS @F1073@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2297@ INDI
1 NAME Rhodri //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 968
1 FAMC @F1072@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2298@ INDI
1 NAME Hywel //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wales
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 979/985
1 FAMC @F1073@
1 FAMS @F1074@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2299@ INDI
1 NAME Cadwallon //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wales
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 985/986
1 FAMC @F1073@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2300@ INDI
1 NAME Cynan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wales
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 999/1005
1 FAMC @F1074@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2301@ INDI
1 NAME Idwal //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 996
1 FAMC @F1075@
1 FAMS @F1076@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2302@ INDI
1 NAME Iago ap Idwal //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Wales
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1023/1039
1 FAMC @F1076@
1 FAMS @F1077@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2303@ INDI
1 NAME Cyan //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1077@
1 FAMS @F1078@
1 NOTE He was exiled in Ireland.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2304@ INDI
1 NAME Ragnhildr //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1079@
1 FAMS @F1078@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2305@ INDI
1 NAME Olaf //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Dublin
1 FAMS @F1079@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2306@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffydd ap Cynan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ruler of Gwynedd (North Wales)
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1081
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1137
1 FAMC @F1078@
1 FAMS @F1069@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2307@ INDI
1 NAME Gwladys //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1080@
1 FAMS @F1058@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2308@ INDI
1 NAME Llywarch ap Trahaearn //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1080@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2309@ INDI
1 NAME Christina //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1082@
1 FAMS @F1081@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2310@ INDI
1 NAME Gronw ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1082@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2311@ INDI
1 NAME Marie //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Countess of Champagne
1 FAMC @F376@
1 SOUR Crow, Donna Fletcher. "Glastonbury" pub 1992,  by Crossway Books.
0 @I2312@ INDI
1 NAME Sarah /WELLES/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 MAY 1655
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1704
1 FAMC @F241@
1 FAMS @F1060@
0 @I2313@ INDI
1 NAME John /WELLES/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 JAN 1657
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F241@
0 @I2314@ INDI
1 NAME David /HOYT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1060@
1 NOTE He was a Deerfield settler of 1682.  He was captured in 1704, and perished 
2 CONT by starvation on the march to Canada.
0 @I2315@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel /BELDING/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1704
1 FAMS @F1083@
0 @I2316@ INDI
1 NAME Ervin /ANWAY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F332@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Slingerland Funeral to be Friday" Dec 16 
2 CONT 1964.
0 @I2317@ INDI
1 NAME Floyd C. /TUCKER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F904@
1 FAMS @F1084@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Slingerland Funeral to be Friday" Dec 16 
2 CONT 1964.
1 SOUR Wedding invitation to the wedding of Marian Lorraine Tucker to Henry John 
2 CONT Didion on July 22, 1941.
0 @I2318@ INDI
1 NAME Orie /TUCKER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F904@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Slingerland Funeral to be Friday" Dec 16 
2 CONT 1964.
0 @I2319@ INDI
1 NAME Marian Lorraine /TUCKER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1084@
1 FAMS @F1085@
1 SOUR Wedding invitation to the wedding of Marian Lorraine Tucker to Henry John 
2 CONT Didion on July 22, 1941.
0 @I2320@ INDI
1 NAME Henry John /DIDION/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1085@
1 SOUR Wedding invitation to the wedding of Marian Lorraine Tucker to Henry John 
2 CONT Didion on July 22, 1941.
0 @I2321@ INDI
1 NAME Myrtle Marie /TUCKER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 SEP 1891
2 PLAC Hampton, Iowa
1 BAPM
2 DATE 1918
2 PLAC Henriette, Iowa
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 JAN 1937
2 PLAC Minneapolis, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F904@
1 FAMS @F1086@
1 FAMS @F1087@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2322@ INDI
1 NAME Otto /AUERS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1086@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
1 SOUR Okuda, Michael; Okuda, Denise; and Mirek, Debbie.  "Star Trek 
2 CONT Encyclopedia: A Reference Guide To the Future."  Pub 1994 by Pocket Books.
0 @I2323@ INDI
1 NAME Blanch Marie /AUERS/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 13 JAN 1937
1 FAMC @F1086@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2324@ INDI
1 NAME Ray /AUERS/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 13 JAN 1937
1 FAMC @F1086@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2325@ INDI
1 NAME Carol Agnes /AUERS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1086@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2326@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy Mae /AUERS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1086@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2327@ INDI
1 NAME Jeanette Rose /AUERS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1086@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2328@ INDI
1 NAME Kenneth /BARNES/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1087@
1 SOUR Estherville Daily News. Article "Last Rites for Mrs. Mrytle Barnes"
0 @I2329@ INDI
1 NAME Iorwerth "Drwyndwn" (Flatnose) //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1174
1 FAMC @F1058@
1 FAMS @F1091@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2330@ INDI
1 NAME Maelgwn //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1058@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2331@ INDI
1 NAME Dafydd //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1203
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1170/1194
1 FAMC @F1058@
1 FAMS @F1088@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2332@ INDI
1 NAME Emma //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1089@
1 FAMS @F1088@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2333@ INDI
1 NAME Son //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F400@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2334@ INDI
1 NAME Rhodri ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1195
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1175/1195
1 FAMC @F1058@
1 FAMS @F1090@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2335@ INDI
1 NAME (female) /?/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1067@
1 FAMS @F1090@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2336@ INDI
1 NAME Llywelyn the Great //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ruler of All Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1240
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1194/1240
1 FAMC @F1091@
1 FAMS @F1092@
1 FAMS @F1094@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2337@ INDI
1 NAME Tangwystl //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1093@
1 FAMS @F1092@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2338@ INDI
1 NAME Llywarch Goch //
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Rhos
1 FAMS @F1093@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2339@ INDI
1 NAME Joan //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1237
1 FAMC @F1095@
1 FAMS @F1094@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2340@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffydd //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1244
1 FAMC @F1092@
1 FAMS @F1096@
1 FAMS @F1097@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2341@ INDI
1 NAME Senena //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1096@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2342@ INDI
1 NAME Ragnhild //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1098@
1 FAMS @F1097@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2343@ INDI
1 NAME King of Man //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1098@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2344@ INDI
1 NAME Llywelyn ap Gruffydd "the Last" //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Ruler of All Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1282
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1246/1282
1 FAMC @F1096@
1 FAMS @F1099@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2345@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor /DE MONTFORT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1418@
1 FAMS @F1099@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2346@ INDI
1 NAME Gwenllian //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1337
1 FAMC @F1099@
1 NOTE She was a nun at Sempringham.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2347@ INDI
1 NAME David ap Llywelyn //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1246
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1240/1246
1 FAMC @F1094@
1 FAMS @F1100@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2348@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella /DE BRAOSE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1101@
1 FAMS @F1100@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2349@ INDI
1 NAME William /DE BRAOSE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1101@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2350@ INDI
1 NAME Gwladys Ddu (the Black) //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1251
1 FAMC @F1094@
1 FAMS @F1102@
1 FAMS @F1103@
1 NOTE Called "Ddu" (The Black).
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2351@ INDI
1 NAME Reginald //
1 SEX M
1 TITL de Braose
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1228
1 FAMS @F1102@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2352@ INDI
1 NAME Ralph /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1246
1 FAMS @F1103@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2353@ INDI
1 NAME Angharad //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1094@
1 FAMS @F1104@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2354@ INDI
1 NAME Maelgwn Fychan //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1257
1 FAMS @F1104@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2355@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1231
2 PLAC Cwmaron Castle, Rdnrsh, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 27 OCT 1282
2 PLAC Kingsland, Hartfordshire, England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1282
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1103@
1 FAMS @F1105@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2356@ INDI
1 NAME Maud /DE BRAOSE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1226
2 PLAC Breconshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE ABT MAR 1301
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1301
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F2328@
1 FAMS @F1105@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2357@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1252
2 PLAC Wigmore, Hartfordshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 JUL 1304
2 PLAC Wigmore, Hartfordshire, England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1304
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1105@
1 FAMS @F1106@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2358@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /DE FIENNES/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1265
2 PLAC England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 FEB 1334
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1334
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1107@
1 FAMS @F1106@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2359@ INDI
1 NAME William /DE FIENNES/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1107@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2360@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of March
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 APR 1287
2 PLAC Thornbury, Hartfordshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 NOV 1330
2 PLAC Elms, Tyburn, England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1330
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1106@
1 FAMS @F1108@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2361@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /DE GENVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 FEB 1285/1286
2 PLAC Ludlow, Shrops, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 19 OCT 1356
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1356
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1109@
1 FAMS @F1108@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2362@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /DE GENVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1109@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2363@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1306
2 PLAC Wigmore, Hartfordshire, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 DEC 1331
2 PLAC Stanton, Shrops, England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1331
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1108@
1 FAMS @F1110@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2364@ INDI
1 NAME Roger /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Earl of March
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 NOV 1328
2 PLAC Ludlow, Shrops, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 FEB 1359/1360
2 PLAC Rouvray, Cote-d'Or, France
1 BURI
2 DATE 1359/1360
1 FAMC @F1110@
1 FAMS @F1112@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2365@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /DE BADLESMERE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1315
2 PLAC Sussex, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 8 JUN 1356
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1356
2 PLAC Black Friars, England
1 FAMC @F1111@
1 FAMS @F1110@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2366@ INDI
1 NAME Bartholomew /DE BADLESMERE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1111@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2367@ INDI
1 NAME Philippa //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1332
2 PLAC Salisbury, Wilts, England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 JAN 1382
2 PLAC England
1 BURI
2 DATE 1382
2 PLAC Bisham, Berks, England
1 FAMC @F1113@
1 FAMS @F1112@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2368@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Salisbury
1 FAMS @F1113@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2369@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /MORTIMER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Earl of March
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 FEB 1351/1352
2 PLAC Langoed, Brecon, Wales
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 DEC 1381
2 PLAC Dominican Friary, Cork, Ireland
1 BURI
2 DATE 1381
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F1112@
1 FAMS @F1114@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Bogert, Theodore. AOL user "TedLBJ" File uploaded to American Online 
2 CONT "Bogert (New Englnad)" designation-anc0629.ged on Jul 1, 1993.
0 @I2370@ INDI
1 NAME Philippa /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Clarence, Countess of Ulster
1 BIRT
2 PLAC England
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1381
2 PLAC England
1 FAMC @F527@
1 FAMS @F1114@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2371@ INDI
1 NAME John /FITZALAN/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1272
1 FAMS @F1115@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2372@ INDI
1 NAME Ralph /D'ARDERNE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1116@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2373@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /HASTINGS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1117@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2374@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /FITZALAN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Arundel
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1302
1 FAMC @F1115@
1 FAMS @F1118@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2375@ INDI
1 NAME Alice //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1119@
1 FAMS @F1118@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2376@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Marquis of Saluzzo
1 FAMS @F1119@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2377@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /FITZALAN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Arundel
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1326
1 FAMC @F1118@
1 FAMS @F1120@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2378@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /DE WARENNE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1338
1 FAMC @F1121@
1 FAMS @F1120@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2379@ INDI
1 NAME William /DE WARENNE/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1121@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2380@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /FITZALAN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 9th Earl of Arundel
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1375
1 FAMC @F1120@
1 FAMS @F1122@
1 FAMS @F1124@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2381@ INDI
1 NAME Isabel /DESPENSER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1123@
1 FAMS @F1122@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2382@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh /DESPENSER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL the Younger
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1326
1 FAMS @F1123@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2383@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1362
1 FAMC @F389@
1 FAMS @F1437@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2384@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /FITZALAN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1419
1 FAMC @F1124@
1 FAMS @F1125@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2385@ INDI
1 NAME Humphrey /DE BOHUN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Hereford
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1372
1 FAMS @F1125@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2386@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /DE BOHUN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1394
1 FAMC @F1125@
1 FAMS @F400@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2387@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1104@
1 FAMS @F1126@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2388@ INDI
1 NAME Maredudd ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1265
1 FAMS @F1126@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2389@ INDI
1 NAME Owain ap Mareddud //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1275
1 FAMC @F1126@
1 FAMS @F1127@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2390@ INDI
1 NAME Llywelyn ap Owain //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1309
1 FAMC @F1127@
1 FAMS @F1128@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2391@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Bar //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1129@
1 FAMS @F1128@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2392@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Bar
1 FAMS @F1129@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2393@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas ap Llewelyn //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1343
1 FAMC @F1128@
1 FAMS @F1130@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2394@ INDI
1 NAME Eleanor of Iscoed //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1131@
1 FAMS @F1130@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2395@ INDI
1 NAME Philip //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord of Iscoed
1 FAMS @F1131@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2396@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret ferch Thomas //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1130@
1 FAMS @F1132@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2397@ INDI
1 NAME Tudor Fychan //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1367
1 FAMC @F4627@
1 FAMS @F1132@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2398@ INDI
1 NAME David Vychan //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1133@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2399@ INDI
1 NAME Adelisa //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of France
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 PLAC France
2 SOUR Dee, Danielle Marie.  AOL user Dani Dee.  File uploaded to AOL "Van 
3 CONT Arsdale/Crawford/Hayes" (danidee.zip) on Nov 29, 1994.
1 FAMC @F2212@
1 FAMS @F333@
1 FAMS @F169@
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I2400@ INDI
1 NAME Géza //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 972
1 DEAT
2 DATE 997
1 FAMS @F1134@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2401@ INDI
1 NAME Malcolm IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1141
2 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1165
2 NOTE He was killed.
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1153/1165
1 FAMC @F956@
1 NOTE Called "the Maiden."
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2402@ INDI
1 NAME William I the Lion //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1143
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1214
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1165/1214
1 FAMC @F956@
1 FAMS @F1135@
1 FAMS @F3439@
1 NOTE After a quarrel with King Henry II of England, William concluded an 
2 CONT alliance between Scotland and France in 1168. In 1173, with King Louis VII 
2 CONT of France, he aided Henry's sons in their unsuccessful rebellion against 
2 CONT their father. William invaded Northumberland, and the next year, while 
2 CONT raiding the countryside near Alnwick, he was captured by the English, who 
2 CONT took him to Normandy. He was able to obtain his freedom only by assenting 
2 CONT to the Treaty of Falaise, which acknowledged Henry as overlord of 
2 CONT Scotland. In 1188 William secured a papal bull guaranteeing the 
2 CONT independence of the Scottish church from that of England, and in 1189 
2 CONT Henry's son Richard, who had succeeded him as king, annulled the Treaty of 
2 CONT Falaise, surrendering all claims to suzerainty over Scotland in return for 
2 CONT a large payment. William was succeeded by his son, Alexander II.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2403@ INDI
1 NAME Ermengarde //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1234
1 FAMC @F1136@
1 FAMS @F1135@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2404@ INDI
1 NAME Richard //
1 SEX M
1 TITL de Beaumont 
1 FAMS @F1136@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2405@ INDI
1 NAME David //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Huntingdon
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1219
1 FAMC @F956@
1 FAMS @F1137@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2406@ INDI
1 NAME Maud //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1233
1 FAMC @F1138@
1 FAMS @F1137@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2407@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 6th Earl of Chester
1 FAMS @F1138@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2408@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1198
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1249
1 FAMC @F1135@
1 FAMS @F1139@
1 FAMS @F1140@
1 NOTE Alexander II (of Scotland) (1198-1249), king of Scotland (1214-49), the 
2 CONT son of William the Lion. He supported the English barons in their 
2 CONT rebellion against King John, helping them to secure the Magna Carta 
2 CONT (1215), but in 1217 he recognized John's successor, Henry III, as his 
2 CONT overlord, and in 1221 he married Henry's sister, Joan. After Joan's death 
2 CONT in 1238, he took a second wife, Mary of Coucy, who bore him a son in 1241. 
2 CONT By the Peace of York (1237), Alexander and Henry established the permanent 
2 CONT boundary between England and Scotland. At home, Alexander imposed his rule 
2 CONT over outlying parts of Scotland and strengthened the power of the 
2 CONT monarchy.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2409@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1238
1 FAMC @F162@
1 FAMS @F1139@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2410@ INDI
1 NAME Marie //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1141@
1 FAMS @F1140@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2411@ INDI
1 NAME Enguerrand III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Baron de Courcy
1 FAMS @F1141@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2412@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1241
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1286
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1249/1286
1 FAMC @F1140@
1 FAMS @F1142@
1 FAMS @F1143@
1 NOTE Alexander III (of Scotland) (1241-86), king of Scotland (1249-86), son of 
2 CONT Alexander II and his second wife, Mary of Coucy. In 1251 Alexander married 
2 CONT Margaret, the daughter of King Henry III of England, and the English 
2 CONT repeatedly attempted to interfere in Scottish affairs during his minority. 
2 CONT He successfully resisted an invasion by King Hakon IV of Norway at the 
2 CONT battle of Largs (1263), and in 1266 he forced Hĺkon's successor, Magnus 
2 CONT VI, to surrender the Isle of Man and the Hebrides Islands to Scotland. 
2 CONT Alexander was succeeded by his granddaughter Margaret, the Maid of Norway 
2 CONT (1282?-90).  He also had two sons.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2413@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1275
1 FAMC @F163@
1 FAMS @F1142@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2414@ INDI
1 NAME Yolande //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1144@
1 FAMS @F1143@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2415@ INDI
1 NAME Robert IV //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Dreux
1 FAMS @F1144@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2416@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1283
1 FAMC @F1142@
1 FAMS @F1145@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2417@ INDI
1 NAME Eric II Magnusson //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Norway
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1299
1 FAMS @F1145@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2418@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Queen of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1282
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1290
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1286/1290
1 FAMC @F1145@
1 NOTE Called "the Maid of Norway."  She was betrothed to Edward II, King of 
2 CONT England.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2419@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1228
1 FAMC @F1137@
1 FAMS @F1146@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2420@ INDI
1 NAME Alan //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord of Galloway
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1234
1 FAMS @F1146@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2421@ INDI
1 NAME Devorguilla //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1290
1 FAMC @F1146@
1 FAMS @F1147@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2422@ INDI
1 NAME John de /BALIOL/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1269
1 FAMS @F1147@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2423@ INDI
1 NAME John /BALIOL/
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1250
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1314
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1292/1296
1 FAMC @F1147@
1 FAMS @F1214@
1 NOTE When Princess Margaret (1283?-90) died, he became a competitor for the 
2 CONT crown then claimed by Robert de Bruce VI (1210-95), grandfather of King 
2 CONT Robert I. Edward I of England was the arbiter in the dispute, and he chose 
2 CONT in favor of Baliol, who in turn pledged his fealty to Edward. Feeling that 
2 CONT his sovereignty was only nominal and resenting various indignities to 
2 CONT which he was subjected, Baliol in 1295 concluded an alliance with France, 
2 CONT which was at war with England. The English then invaded Scotland, defeated 
2 CONT the Scottish troops, took Baliol prisoner, and forced him to surrender his 
2 CONT crown on July 10, 1296. The name is also spelled Balliol.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2424@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1494
1 FAMC @F917@
1 FAMS @F1148@
1 FAMS @F1149@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2425@ INDI
1 NAME John /BOURCHIER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Baron Berners
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1467
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1533
1 FAMC @F1150@
1 FAMS @F1148@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2426@ INDI
1 NAME John /NORRIS/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1149@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2427@ INDI
1 NAME Francis /BRYAN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Justice of Ireland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1490
2 PLAC Chidington, Bucks, England
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Clonmel, Tipperary, Ireland
1 FAMC @F1152@
1 FAMS @F4767@
0 @I2428@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /TYLNEY/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1497
1 FAMS @F1150@
1 FAMS @F1153@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2429@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOURCHIER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1150@
1 FAMS @F1151@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2430@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /FIENNES/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 8th Baron Dacre
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1533
1 FAMS @F1151@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2431@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /BOURCHIER/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1552
1 FAMC @F1150@
1 FAMS @F1152@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2432@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BRYAN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1152@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2433@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Duke of Norfolk
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1443
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1524
1 FAMC @F918@
1 FAMS @F1153@
1 FAMS @F1154@
1 NOTE He also had five sons and one daughter with Elizabeth Tynley.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2434@ INDI
1 NAME Agnes /TILNEY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1476
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1545
1 FAMS @F1154@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2435@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Duke of Norfolk, Knight of the Garter
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1473
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMC @F1153@
1 FAMS @F687@
1 FAMS @F629@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2436@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir, Lord High Admiral
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1477
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1513
1 FAMC @F1153@
1 FAMS @F1161@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2437@ INDI
1 NAME Edmund /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1478
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1539
1 FAMC @F1153@
1 FAMS @F1162@
1 FAMS @F1163@
1 FAMS @F1164@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2438@ INDI
1 NAME Muriel //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1153@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2439@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Surrey
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1517
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1547
1 FAMC @F629@
1 FAMS @F1155@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2440@ INDI
1 NAME ? /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F1156@
0 @I2441@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Viscount Bindon
1 FAMC @F629@
1 FAMS @F1157@
1 FAMS @F1158@
1 FAMS @F1159@
1 FAMS @F1160@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2442@ INDI
1 NAME Frances //
1 SEX F
1 TITL de Veres
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1577
1 FAMS @F1155@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2443@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /MARNEY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1517
1 FAMS @F1157@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2444@ INDI
1 NAME Gertrude /LYTE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1576
1 FAMS @F1158@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2445@ INDI
1 NAME Mabel /BURTON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1159@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2446@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /MANNING/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1559
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1635
1 FAMS @F1160@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2447@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /LOVEL/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1465
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1518
1 FAMS @F1161@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2448@ INDI
1 NAME Joyce /CULPEPER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1162@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2449@ INDI
1 NAME Dorthy /TROYES/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1163@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2450@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /JENNINGS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1164@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2451@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1162@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2452@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1162@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2453@ INDI
1 NAME George /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1162@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2454@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1162@
1 FAMS @F1165@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2455@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /ARUNDEL/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1552
1 FAMS @F1165@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2456@ INDI
1 NAME William /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Baron of Effingham
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1510
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1573
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 FAMS @F1166@
1 FAMS @F1167@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2457@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /BOUGHTON/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1535
1 FAMS @F1166@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2458@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /GAMAGE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1581
1 FAMS @F1167@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2459@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1537
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 FAMS @F1168@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2460@ INDI
1 NAME Frederick William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Schleswig
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1785
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1831
1 FAMS @F4737@
0 @I2461@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /HOWARD/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1517
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2462@ INDI
1 NAME Dorothy /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 FAMS @F1169@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2463@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /STANLEY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Derby
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1508
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1572
1 FAMS @F1169@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2464@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1559
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 FAMS @F1170@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2465@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE VERE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 14th Earl of Oxford
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1499
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1526
1 FAMS @F1170@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2466@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1554
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 FAMS @F1171@
1 FAMS @F1172@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2467@ INDI
1 NAME Rhys ap Griffith //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1171@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2468@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /DAUBENEY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Bridgewater
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1493
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1548
1 FAMS @F1172@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2469@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /HOWARD/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1534
1 FAMC @F1154@
1 FAMS @F1173@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2470@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /RATCLIFFE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Sussex
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1506
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1557
1 FAMS @F1173@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2471@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /GREEN/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Boughton & Green's Norton, Sir
1 FAMS @F1175@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2472@ INDI
1 NAME Lee /OLSON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1174@
0 @I2473@ INDI
1 NAME Jesse Charles /GROTHOLSON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 OCT 1980
1 FAMC @F1174@
0 @I2474@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /GREEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1175@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2475@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /GREEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1489
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1523
1 FAMC @F1175@
1 FAMS @F1178@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2476@ INDI
1 NAME Maud /GREEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1495
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1529
1 FAMC @F1175@
1 FAMS @F1190@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2477@ INDI
1 NAME William /VAUX/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1460
1 FAMS @F1176@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2478@ INDI
1 NAME William /VAUX/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1471
1 FAMC @F1176@
1 FAMS @F1177@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2479@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /PENISTON/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1509
1 FAMS @F1177@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2480@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /VAUX/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Baron of Horrowden, Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1460
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1523
1 FAMC @F1177@
1 FAMS @F1178@
1 FAMS @F1180@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2481@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /VAUX/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Baron of Horrowden
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1510
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1556
1 FAMC @F1178@
1 FAMS @F1179@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2482@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /CHENEY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1505
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1556
1 FAMC @F1189@
1 FAMS @F1179@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2483@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /FITZHUGH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1507
1 FAMS @F1180@
1 FAMS @F1185@
1 NOTE Descended from Edward III, king of England.
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2484@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Lord of Parr, Sir
1 FAMS @F1181@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2485@ INDI
1 NAME William /DE PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1405
1 FAMC @F1181@
1 FAMS @F1182@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2486@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /ROOS/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1183@
1 FAMS @F1182@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2487@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /ROOS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1183@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2488@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1405
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1464
1 FAMC @F1182@
1 FAMS @F1184@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2489@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /TUNSTAL/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1184@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2490@ INDI
1 NAME William /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1434
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1484
1 FAMC @F1184@
1 FAMS @F1185@
1 FAMS @F1186@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2491@ INDI
1 NAME John /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1473
1 FAMC @F1184@
1 FAMS @F1187@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2492@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1471
1 FAMC @F1184@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2493@ INDI
1 NAME Mabel /PARR/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1508
1 FAMC @F1184@
1 FAMS @F1188@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2494@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /TRUSBUT/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1473
1 FAMS @F1186@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2495@ INDI
1 NAME  /YONGE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1187@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2496@ INDI
1 NAME Humphrey //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Baron Dacre of Gilsland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1485
1 FAMS @F1188@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2497@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /PARR/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1513
1 FAMC @F1185@
1 FAMS @F1189@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2498@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1517
1 FAMC @F1185@
1 FAMS @F1190@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2499@ INDI
1 NAME John /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1185@
1 FAMS @F1191@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2500@ INDI
1 NAME William /PARR/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Baron of Horton
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1547
1 FAMC @F1185@
1 FAMS @F1192@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2501@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /PARR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1185@
1 FAMS @F1194@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2502@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /CHENEY/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1514
1 FAMS @F1189@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2503@ INDI
1 NAME Constance /DE VERE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1191@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2504@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /SALISBURY/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1555
1 FAMS @F1192@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2505@ INDI
1 NAME Maud /PARR/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1192@
1 FAMS @F1193@
1 NOTE Lady-in-waiting to Katherine Parr(1512-1548).
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2506@ INDI
1 NAME Ralph /LANE/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1541
1 FAMS @F1193@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2507@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /RADCLIFFE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1194@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2508@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /VAUX/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1180@
1 FAMS @F1195@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2509@ INDI
1 NAME George /THROCKMORTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1553
1 FAMS @F1195@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2510@ INDI
1 NAME Clement /THROCKMORTON/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1573
1 FAMC @F1195@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2511@ INDI
1 NAME Nicholas /THROCKMORTON/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1515
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1571
1 FAMC @F1195@
1 FAMS @F1196@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2512@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /COREW/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1196@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2513@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord Dacre of Gilsland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1467
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1525
1 FAMC @F1188@
1 FAMS @F1197@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2514@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1509
1 FAMC @F1188@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2515@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1188@
1 FAMS @F1199@
1 FAMS @F1200@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2516@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL Baroness Greystoke
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1471
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1516
1 FAMS @F1197@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2517@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord Dacre of Gilsland & Greystoke
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1500
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1563
1 FAMC @F1197@
1 FAMS @F1198@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2518@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /TALBOT/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1522
1 FAMS @F1198@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2519@ INDI
1 NAME George //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Baron FitzHugh
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1486
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1513
1 FAMS @F1199@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2520@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /NEVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1200@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2521@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /PARR/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1551
1 FAMC @F1190@
1 FAMS @F423@
1 NOTE Lady-in-waiting to Katherine Parr(1512-1548).
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2522@ INDI
1 NAME William /HERBERT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Pembroke
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1501
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1570
1 FAMS @F423@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2523@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /HERBERT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F423@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2524@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /HERBERT/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F423@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2525@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /HERBERT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F423@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2526@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BOUCHEIR/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Baroness Boucheir
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1512
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1571
1 FAMS @F1201@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2527@ INDI
1 NAME William Hugh /BLUNDELL/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1202@
1 SOUR Blundell, William, Rev. Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2528@ INDI
1 NAME Helena Henriksson /SNAKENBORG/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1203@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2529@ INDI
1 NAME John /NEVILLE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Baron Latimer
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1493
1 DEAT
2 DATE 2 MAR 1543
2 PLAC London, England
1 FAMS @F1204@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2530@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /BOROUGH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Baron Borough of Gainsborough
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1463
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1525
1 FAMC @F1207@
1 FAMS @F1205@
1 FAMS @F1206@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2531@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /COBHAM/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1206@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2532@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BOROUGH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Baron Borough of Gainsborough
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1495
1 FAMC @F1208@
1 FAMS @F1207@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2533@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /BOTREUX/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1488
1 FAMS @F1207@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2534@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /BOROUGH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Gainsborough
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1487
1 FAMS @F1208@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2535@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /PERCY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1431
1 FAMS @F1208@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2536@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Baron of Gainsborough
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1488
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1550
1 FAMC @F1206@
1 FAMS @F1209@
1 FAMS @F1210@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2537@ INDI
1 NAME Henry //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1206@
1 FAMS @F1212@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2538@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Unnamed
1 FAMC @F1206@
1 FAMS @F1213@
1 NOTE Lady-in-waiting to Katherine Parr (1512-1548).
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2539@ INDI
1 NAME Agnes /TYRWHITT/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1209@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2540@ INDI
1 NAME Alice /LONDON/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1558
1 FAMS @F1210@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2541@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /DE BURGH/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1533
1 FAMC @F1210@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2542@ INDI
1 NAME Thomas /DE BURGH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1210@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2543@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 4th Baron of Gainsborough
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1522
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1586
1 FAMC @F1210@
1 FAMS @F1211@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2544@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /FIENNES/
1 SEX F
1 TITL de Clinton
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1621
1 FAMS @F1211@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2545@ INDI
1 NAME Katherine /NEVILLE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1499
1 FAMS @F1212@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2546@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /TYRWHITT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1213@
1 SOUR Weir, Alison. "The Six Wives of Henry VIII" pub.1991 Ballantine Books, in 
2 CONT New York
0 @I2547@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella /DE WARENNE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1215@
1 FAMS @F1214@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2548@ INDI
1 NAME John /DE WARENNE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Surrey
1 FAMS @F1215@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2549@ INDI
1 NAME Edward /BALIOL/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1363
1 FAMC @F1214@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2550@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /BALIOL/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1332
1 FAMC @F1214@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2551@ INDI
1 NAME Isabella //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1251
1 FAMC @F1137@
1 FAMS @F1217@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2552@ INDI
1 NAME Ada //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Huntingdon
1 FAMC @F1137@
1 FAMS @F1216@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2553@ INDI
1 NAME Henry /DE HASTINGS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL of Ashill, Norfold, Sir
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1250
1 FAMS @F1216@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Wagner, Sir Anthony. File downloaded from AOL "The Royal Descent of a 
2 CONT Maflower Passenger."
0 @I2554@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /DE BRUCE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL V, Lord of Annandale
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1245
1 FAMS @F1217@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2555@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /BRUCE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL VI
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1215
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1295
1 FAMC @F1217@
1 FAMS @F1218@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2556@ INDI
1 NAME Isabel /DE CLARE/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1254
1 FAMC @F1219@
1 FAMS @F1218@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2557@ INDI
1 NAME Gilbert /DE CLARE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 4th Earl of Gloucester
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1215
1 FAMC @F168@
1 FAMS @F1219@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2558@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /BRUCE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL VII, Earl of Carrick
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1240
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1304
1 FAMC @F1218@
1 FAMS @F1220@
1 NOTE He also had five sons and one daughter.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2559@ INDI
1 NAME Marjorie //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1245
1 FAMC @F1221@
1 FAMS @F1220@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2560@ INDI
1 NAME Neil //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Carrick
1 FAMS @F1221@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2561@ INDI
1 NAME Robert I /BRUCE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JUL 1274
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 JUN 1329
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1306/1329
1 FAMC @F1220@
1 FAMS @F1222@
1 FAMS @F1224@
1 NOTE He was liberator of Scotland.  He was originally named Robert de Bruce, 
2 CONT and to distinguish him from his father and grandfather, who had the same 
2 CONT name, he is often referred to as Robert de Bruce VIII. He is also called 
2 CONT Robert the Bruce. As earl of Carrick he paid homage to King Edward I of 
2 CONT England, who, in 1296, defeated King John de Baliol and thereafter refused 
2 CONT to acknowledge another king of Scotland. Bruce later abandoned Edward's 
2 CONT cause and joined other Scottish leaders in taking up arms for the 
2 CONT independence of his country. In 1299, the year after the Scottish patriot 
2 CONT Sir William Wallace was defeated by Edward at Falkirk, Bruce, then still 
2 CONT in favor with Edward, was made one of the four regents who ruled the 
2 CONT kingdom in the name of Baliol. In 1305 he was one of those consulted in 
2 CONT the decision to make Scotland a province of England. In 1306 he met an old 
2 CONT enemy, the Scottish patriot John Comyn (died 1306), who was the nephew of 
2 CONT Baliol; a quarrel occurred, and Bruce stabbed Comyn. Bruce proclaimed his 
2 CONT right to the throne, and on March 27, 1306, he was crowned king at Scone. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT Bruce was deposed, however, in 1307 by Edward's army and forced to flee to 
2 CONT the highlands and then to the little island of Rathlin on the coast of 
2 CONT Antrim (now in Northern Ireland). In his absence all his estates were 
2 CONT confiscated, and he and his followers were excommunicated. He continued to 
2 CONT recruit followers, however, and in less than two years he wrested nearly 
2 CONT all of Scotland from the English. Bruce again defeated the English in 1314 
2 CONT in the Battle of Bannockburn (see Bannockburn, Battle of), twice invaded 
2 CONT England, and in 1323 concluded with King Edward II of England a truce for 
2 CONT 13 years. After the accession of King Edward III in 1327, war again broke 
2 CONT out, and the Scots won again. In 1328 they secured a treaty recognizing 
2 CONT the independence of Scotland and the right of Bruce to the throne. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In his later years Bruce was stricken with leprosy and lived in seclusion 
2 CONT at Cardross Castle, on the northern shore of the Firth of Clyde, where he 
2 CONT died. He was succeeded by his son, David II. Bruce's nephew, Robert II, 
2 CONT who succeeded David, was the first king of the Stuart house of English and 
2 CONT Scottish royalty. He also had 2 daughters with Elizabeth.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2562@ INDI
1 NAME Isabel //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1275
1 FAMC @F1223@
1 FAMS @F1222@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2563@ INDI
1 NAME Donald //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 6th Earl of Mar
1 FAMS @F1223@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2564@ INDI
1 NAME Marjorie //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1295
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1316
1 FAMC @F1222@
1 FAMS @F1254@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2565@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /DE BURGH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1327
1 FAMC @F1253@
1 FAMS @F1224@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2566@ INDI
1 NAME David II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1324
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1371
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1329/1371
1 FAMC @F1224@
1 FAMS @F1250@
1 FAMS @F1251@
1 NOTE He succeeded his father at only five years of age, but soon after his 
2 CONT coronation (1331) he was deposed by Edward de Baliol, an English-backed 
2 CONT claimant to the throne. For the next eight years David lived in exile in 
2 CONT France. In 1341 he returned to Scotland, and five years later went to war 
2 CONT with England as an ally of France. The English defeated both the French 
2 CONT (at Crécy) and the Scots (at Neville's Cross, October 1346), taking David 
2 CONT prisoner and capturing large parts of Scotland and France. David remained 
2 CONT a prisoner in England for 11 years. In 1357 he was freed in return for the 
2 CONT promise of a ransom, and thereafter enjoyed friendly relations with the 
2 CONT English. David was succeeded by his nephew Robert II, founder of the 
2 CONT Stuart dynasty.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2567@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffydd /BOWEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1828@
1 FAMS @F1923@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2568@ INDI
1 NAME Roger //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1227@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2569@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1227@
1 FAMS @F1228@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2570@ INDI
1 NAME Alice //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1228@
1 FAMS @F1828@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2571@ INDI
1 NAME Anne /BERRY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1923@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2572@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /FRANKLYN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1827@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2573@ INDI
1 NAME Griffith /BOWEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1827@
1 FAMS @F1921@
1 NOTE He immigrated to Massachusetts.
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2574@ INDI
1 NAME Francis /BOWEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1826@
1 FAMS @F1827@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2575@ INDI
1 NAME Sara le Sore //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1232@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2576@ INDI
1 NAME Goleuddyeld //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1230@
1 FAMS @F1271@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2577@ INDI
1 NAME Joan //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1231@
1 FAMS @F1230@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2578@ INDI
1 NAME Rhys Llwyd ab Adam //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1225@
1 FAMS @F1271@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2579@ INDI
1 NAME Dafydd //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1230@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2580@ INDI
1 NAME Madog //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1232@
1 FAMS @F1231@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2581@ INDI
1 NAME Iwerydd //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1231@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2582@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Ann /KANE/
1 SEX F
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F58@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2583@ INDI
1 NAME Dennis Patrick /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 NOV 1938
2 PLAC Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F59@
1 FAMS @F1233@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2584@ INDI
1 NAME Jane /BURNS/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 SEP 1940
2 PLAC Boston, Massachusetts
1 FAMS @F1233@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2585@ INDI
1 NAME Kevin Michael /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 NOV 1967
2 PLAC Washington, DC
1 FAMC @F1233@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2586@ INDI
1 NAME Kelly Marie /MAHONEY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 DEC 1973
2 PLAC Kansas City, Wyandotte, Kansas
1 FAMC @F1233@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2587@ INDI
1 NAME James /NASH/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1915
2 NOTE Died of ruptered appendix.
1 FAMS @F1234@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2588@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 AUG 1882
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 FAMS @F1234@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2589@ INDI
1 NAME Dennis /HENNESSY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Ireland
1 DEAT
2 DATE JAN 1934
1 FAMS @F1235@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2590@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /RYAN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Ireland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1913
1 FAMS @F1235@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2591@ INDI
1 NAME Julia /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 NOV 1883
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2592@ INDI
1 NAME Johanna Bridget /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 AUG 1874
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 NOTE Also called "Josie".
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2593@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Catherine /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 AUG 1889
2 PLAC Woodstock, Minnesota
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 DEC 1979
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 BURI
2 DATE 24 DEC 1979
2 PLAC St. Leo's Cemetary, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 FAMS @F1236@
1 NOTE OCCUPATION: Schoolteacher.  Also called "Mamie".  Her social security 
2 CONT number was 476-17-0904.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2594@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 MAR 1893
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 FAMS @F1237@
1 NOTE Also called "Nellie".
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2595@ INDI
1 NAME John /HENNESSY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 FAMS @F1238@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2596@ INDI
1 NAME James /HENNESSY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2597@ INDI
1 NAME Dennis /HENNESSY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1235@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2598@ INDI
1 NAME Joseph /NASH/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 SEP 1912
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1966
2 NOTE He died of a heart attack.
1 FAMC @F1234@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2599@ INDI
1 NAME Leo /FLOODY/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1959
1 FAMS @F1236@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2600@ INDI
1 NAME  /WEINER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1237@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2601@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1238@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2602@ INDI
1 NAME Rita /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1238@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2603@ INDI
1 NAME Evelyn /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1238@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2604@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /HENNESSY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1238@
1 SOUR Mahoney, Mary Violet (Nash) interview on Jan 22, 1994 in Pipestone, 
2 CONT Minnesota.
0 @I2605@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel Og /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 36
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1891
1 FAMC @F1240@
1 FAMS @F1239@
1 NOTE He moved to a farm in Diamond Township, Cherokee Co., Iowa 7 miles south 
2 CONT of Aurelia, Iowa in 1878.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
0 @I2606@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel Imirceach /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN 72
1 BIRT
2 PLAC Ireland
1 DEAT
2 PLAC United States
1 FAMS @F1240@
1 NOTE He immigrated to the United States in 1833 or 1834 from Ireland.  He lived 
2 CONT near Kenosha, Wisconsin the rest of his life.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
0 @I2607@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /FARRELL/
1 SEX F
1 REFN 37
1 FAMS @F1239@
0 @I2608@ INDI
1 NAME William F. /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE OCT 1854
2 PLAC Salem, Kenosha, Wisconsin
1 DEAT
2 DATE APR 1929
2 PLAC Roswell, New Mexico
1 BURI
2 DATE 18 APR 1929
2 PLAC Roswell, New Mexico
2 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 NOTE He inherited his father's farm in Diamond Township in 1894, but at least 
2 CONT initially he did not operate the farm himself.  The 1900 census shows him 
2 CONT as a "landlord" living with his mother in Aurelia, Iowa.  The 1910 census 
2 CONT shows him as a farmer.  James and William Mahoney were part of the posse 
2 CONT that captured Billy the Kid.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Earl interview 1-95.
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2609@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel Alonzo /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Kenosha Co., Wisconsin
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 FAMS @F1241@
1 NOTE He taught school, was school superintendent, was Post Master, read law to 
2 CONT pass the bar and was elected to the legislature of the State of Wisconsin.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
0 @I2610@ INDI
1 NAME Daniel Parnell /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1888
1 FAMC @F1241@
1 FAMS @F1242@
0 @I2611@ INDI
1 NAME Parnell H. /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1242@
1 FAMS @F1247@
0 @I2612@ INDI
1 NAME Celia /MAHONEY/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1911
1 FAMC @F1241@
1 FAMS @F1248@
0 @I2613@ INDI
1 NAME Claire //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1934
1 FAMS @F1241@
1 NOTE She moved to Aurelia, Iowa in 1897 after the death of her husband.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
0 @I2614@ INDI
1 NAME James /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1926
1 BURI
2 DATE 1 JUL 1926
2 PLAC Roswell, New Mexico
2 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 NOTE James and William Mahoney were part of the posse that captured Billy the 
2 CONT Kid.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Earl interview 1-95.
0 @I2615@ INDI
1 NAME John A. /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1853
2 PLAC Salem, Kenosha, Wisconsin
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 MAR 1885
2 PLAC Diamond, Iowa
2 NOTE He died of consumption.
1 BURI
2 PLAC Pleasant Hills Cemetary
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 NOTE He moved with his parents to Cherokee County, Iowa about 1876.  In 1878 he 
2 CONT purchased his own farm.  He worked this for about three years, until his 
2 CONT health failed.
2 CONT 
2 CONT He never married, and little else is known about his life.  A newspaper 
2 CONT article notes that he was injured and another man was killed when a bridge 
2 CONT collapsed under a threshing machine.
1 SOUR Mahoney, Parnell H. research regarding Mahoney family tree.
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2616@ INDI
1 NAME Eliza Ann /MAHONEY/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 PLAC Brighton, Wisconsin
1 FAMC @F1239@
0 @I2617@ INDI
1 NAME Garland James /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 JAN 1903
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 DEAT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1978
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMC @F58@
1 FAMS @F4152@
1 NOTE He moved with his mother to Hetland, South Dakota, and then to Pipestone.  
2 CONT After he married, he moved with his wife to Vermillion, South Dakota, 
2 CONT where Garland attended the University of South Dakota.  They then moved to 
2 CONT Kenosha, Wisconsin, where Garland worked at the Nash factory and Lulu 
2 CONT worked at the Kenosha Clinic, then run by her brothers Drs. Harry and 
2 CONT Gilbert Schwartz.  In 1938 the family moved back to Pipestone.  There 
2 CONT Garland operated a Standard station with his son-in-law, and then worked 
2 CONT for L & L Motor Supply, before retiring in 1970.  He served for many years 
2 CONT on the Library Board.
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2618@ INDI
1 NAME Wayne Dennis /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 SEP 1904
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 FAMC @F58@
1 FAMS @F1249@
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2619@ INDI
1 NAME Henry J. /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE OCT 1856
2 PLAC Salem, Kenosha, Wisconsin
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1930
2 PLAC Sioux Rapids, Iowa
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 FAMS @F1243@
1 FAMS @F1244@
1 NOTE He moved with his father to Cherokee Co., Iowa in 1878.  In 1900, the US 
2 CONT census shows him as a harness maker there in the town of Aurelia.  The 
2 CONT 1910 census shows him as a farmer, also in Aurelia.  The 1915 Iowa special 
2 CONT census shows him and his son Cyril as cigar dealers.  He owned and ran a 
2 CONT pool hall on Main street in Aurelia.
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2620@ INDI
1 NAME Lavinia May /TAGGART/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 JUN 1855
2 PLAC Michigan
1 DEAT
2 DATE 26 SEP 1911
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 FAMC @F4198@
1 FAMS @F1243@
0 @I2621@ INDI
1 NAME Cyril F. /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 AUG 1884
2 PLAC Cherokee Co., Iowa
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 APR 1942
2 NOTE Died of drowning.
1 FAMC @F1243@
1 NOTE Served in the Military Police in World War I.
0 @I2622@ INDI
1 NAME Cecil S. /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUL 1895
2 PLAC Cherokee Co., Iowa
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Living
2 DATE 1900
2 PLAC Aurelia, Cherokee, Iowa
1 FAMC @F1243@
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2623@ INDI
1 NAME  /TUTTLE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1244@
0 @I2624@ INDI
1 NAME Timothy /MAHONEY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1868
2 PLAC Salem, Kenosha Co., Wisconsin
1 FAMC @F1239@
0 @I2625@ INDI
1 NAME Celia /MAHONEY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1863
2 PLAC Salem, Kenosha Co., Wisconsin
1 FAMC @F1239@
1 FAMS @F1245@
0 @I2626@ INDI
1 NAME Charles /GILCHRIST/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1245@
0 @I2627@ INDI
1 NAME Dwight /GILCHRIST/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 JUN 1888
1 FAMC @F1245@
0 @I2628@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /MAHONEY/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1824
2 PLAC Ireland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 22 JAN 1880
2 PLAC Diamond Twp., Cherokee, Iowa
1 FAMC @F1240@
1 FAMS @F4163@
1 FAMS @F1246@
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2629@ INDI
1 NAME William J. /LINDSAY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1834
2 PLAC Canada or Oswego, New York
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1917
1 FAMC @F4164@
1 FAMS @F1246@
1 NOTE He ran a meat market in Aurelia, Iowa with his son-in-law, Mose Herrick.
0 @I2630@ INDI
1 NAME William Francis /LINDSAY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 NOV 1855
2 PLAC Brighton, Kenosha, Wisconsin
1 DEAT
2 DATE 3 JUL 1938
2 PLAC Diamond Twp., Cherokee, Iowa
2 SOUR Aurelia Centenial Book
1 FAMC @F1246@
1 FAMS @F1429@
0 @I2631@ INDI
1 NAME Barbara //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1247@
0 @I2632@ INDI
1 NAME Oscar A. /ROYER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1248@
0 @I2633@ INDI
1 NAME Don /ROYER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1248@
0 @I2634@ INDI
1 NAME Marion Madelon /NAFZIGER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 MAY 1912
2 PLAC Pipestone, Pipestone, Minnesota
1 FAMS @F1249@
1 NOTE Also called "Scude".
1 SOUR ``` from Louis Mahoney
0 @I2635@ INDI
1 NAME Joanna /PLANTAGENET/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1362
1 FAMC @F393@
1 FAMS @F1250@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2636@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1375
1 FAMC @F1252@
1 FAMS @F1251@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2637@ INDI
1 NAME Malcolm /DRUMMOND/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1252@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2638@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /DE BURGH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 3rd Earl of Ulster
1 FAMS @F1253@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2639@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1224@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2640@ INDI
1 NAME Walter //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 6th High Steward
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1295
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1327
1 FAMS @F1254@
1 NOTE Called "The Steward".
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2641@ INDI
1 NAME Robert II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1316
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1390
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1371/1390
1 FAMC @F1254@
1 FAMS @F1255@
1 FAMS @F1257@
1 NOTE Robert II (of Scotland) (1316-90), king of Scotland (1371-90), and founder 
2 CONT of the Stuart dynasty in Scotland and England. His mother was Marjorie 
2 CONT (died 1316), daughter of the Scottish king Robert Bruce; his father was 
2 CONT Walter (died 1326), hereditary steward of Scotland, in charge of 
2 CONT administering the Crown revenues and the king's household. In 1318 the 
2 CONT Scottish parliament passed a decree providing that if Robert Bruce died 
2 CONT without sons, his grandson should be his successor; a son, later King 
2 CONT David II, was born to Bruce in 1324. In 1326 Robert succeeded his father 
2 CONT as steward of Scotland and in 1331 David was crowned king. 
2 CONT   
2 CONT In the dynastic conflict that ensued between England and Scotland, David 
2 CONT was exiled to France in 1333 and Robert served as his regent until his 
2 CONT return in 1341. After the Battle of Neville's Cross in 1346 David was 
2 CONT taken to England as a captive, and Robert again became regent. When David 
2 CONT returned, he accused Robert of desertion and named King Edward III of 
2 CONT England as his successor. Robert rebelled in 1363 and was captured and 
2 CONT imprisoned until shortly before David's death in 1371; he then became king 
2 CONT according to the provisions of the decree of 1318. During his reign, 
2 CONT Scotland was twice invaded by the English, in 1384 and in 1385. Because of 
2 CONT old age and infirmity, Robert did not aid the Scottish barons in resisting 
2 CONT these invasions, nor did he join in their retaliatory expedition against 
2 CONT the English in 1388. He also had a son and 5 daughters with Elizabeth and 
2 CONT 2 sons and 2 daughters with Euphemia.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2642@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /MURE/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1330
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1355
1 FAMC @F1256@
1 FAMS @F1255@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2643@ INDI
1 NAME Adam /MURE/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1256@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2644@ INDI
1 NAME Euphemia //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1387
1 FAMC @F1258@
1 FAMS @F1257@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2645@ INDI
1 NAME Hugh //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Ross
1 FAMS @F1258@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2646@ INDI
1 NAME Robert III //
1 SEX M
1 TITL King of Scotland
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1337
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1406
1 EVEN
2 TYPE Reigned
2 DATE 1390/1406
1 FAMC @F1255@
1 FAMS @F1264@
1 NOTE He also had 4 daughters.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2647@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /STEWART/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1420
1 FAMC @F1255@
1 FAMS @F1261@
1 FAMS @F1262@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2648@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Buchan
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1404
1 FAMC @F1255@
1 FAMS @F1259@
1 NOTE Called "The Wolf of Badenoch".
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2649@ INDI
1 NAME Euphemia //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1260@
1 FAMS @F1259@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2650@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 5th Earl of Ross
1 FAMS @F1260@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2651@ INDI
1 NAME Margaret /GRAHAM/
1 SEX F
1 TITL Countess of Menteith
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1380
1 FAMS @F1261@
1 NOTE Her marriage to Robert was he 4th marriage.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2652@ INDI
1 NAME Muriel /KEITH/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1449
1 FAMC @F1263@
1 FAMS @F1262@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2653@ INDI
1 NAME William /KEITH/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1263@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2654@ INDI
1 NAME Annabella /DRUMMOND/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1355
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1401
1 FAMC @F1265@
1 FAMS @F1264@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2655@ INDI
1 NAME John /DRUMMOND/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Sir
1 FAMS @F1265@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2656@ INDI
1 NAME David //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Rothesay
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1402
1 FAMC @F1264@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2657@ INDI
1 NAME Robert //
1 SEX M
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1264@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2658@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander /STEWART/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1430
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F448@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2659@ INDI
1 NAME James //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Ross, Archbishop of St. Andrews
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1503
1 FAMC @F446@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2660@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Mar & Garloch
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1503
1 FAMC @F446@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2661@ INDI
1 NAME Catherine //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1266@
1 FAMS @F451@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2662@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Orkney
1 FAMS @F1266@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2663@ INDI
1 NAME Anne //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1268@
1 FAMS @F1267@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2664@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Auvergne
1 FAMS @F1268@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2665@ INDI
1 NAME John //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1536
1 FAMC @F1267@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2666@ INDI
1 NAME James //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Rothesay
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1508
1 FAMC @F443@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2667@ INDI
1 NAME Arthur //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Rothesay
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1510
1 FAMC @F443@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2668@ INDI
1 NAME Alexander //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Ross
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1515
1 FAMC @F443@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2669@ INDI
1 NAME Madeleine //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1537
1 FAMC @F488@
1 FAMS @F1269@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2670@ INDI
1 NAME Hywel Felyn //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1229@
1 FAMS @F1232@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2671@ INDI
1 NAME Gruffyd ab Iforbach //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1229@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2672@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /VAUGHAN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1826@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2673@ INDI
1 NAME Philip /BOWEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1923@
1 FAMS @F1826@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2674@ INDI
1 NAME Adam ap Rhys //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1225@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2675@ INDI
1 NAME Gwladys ferch Llywelyn //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1272@
1 FAMS @F1225@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2676@ INDI
1 NAME Margred /GUNTER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1226@
1 FAMS @F1227@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2677@ INDI
1 NAME Jenkin /GUNTER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1226@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2678@ INDI
1 NAME Gwilym ferch Rhys Llywd //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1271@
1 FAMS @F1226@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2679@ INDI
1 NAME Llywelyn ap Hywel Felyn //
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1232@
1 FAMS @F1272@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2680@ INDI
1 NAME Owain //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1828@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2681@ INDI
1 NAME Maud /AUBREY/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1228@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2682@ INDI
1 NAME Mabel //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1270@
1 FAMS @F1229@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 146
0 @I2683@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth /LEE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1968@
1 FAMS @F1273@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 253
0 @I2684@ INDI
1 NAME Zachary /TAYLOR/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1273@
1 SOUR Roberts, Gary Boyd.  "Ancestors of American Presidents" pub 1989 by Carl 
2 CONT Boyer, 3rd in Boston, Massachusetts p. 253
0 @I2685@ INDI
1 NAME William /FALKEROY/
1 SEX M
1 REFN +
1 FAMS @F1274@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2686@ INDI
1 NAME William /HAMILTON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F217@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2687@ INDI
1 NAME Ann //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F217@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2688@ INDI
1 NAME Richard William /HAMILTON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 9 SEP 1910
2 PLAC Portland, Oregon
1 FAMC @F207@
1 FAMS @F1276@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978. Chart 
2 CONT #1
0 @I2689@ INDI
1 NAME Vernon O. /SARGENT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL M.D.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 SEP 1957
2 PLAC Redondo Beach, California
1 FAMS @F1275@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2690@ INDI
1 NAME Reatha /THOMPSON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 JUL 1916
2 PLAC Wellington, Texas
1 FAMC @F1277@
1 FAMS @F1276@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978. Chart 
2 CONT #1
0 @I2691@ INDI
1 NAME Lee /THOMPSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1277@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2692@ INDI
1 NAME Mae //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1277@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2693@ INDI
1 NAME Kay Dianne /HAMILTON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 FEB 1942
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F1276@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully) "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978. Chart 
2 CONT #1
0 @I2694@ INDI
1 NAME Richard Dale /HAMILTON/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 APR 1944
2 PLAC Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
1 FAMC @F1276@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2695@ INDI
1 NAME Cindra Lynn /HAMILTON/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 JUN 1946
2 PLAC Santa Monica, California
1 FAMC @F1276@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2696@ INDI
1 NAME Joan /CLARK/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1278@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2697@ INDI
1 NAME Suzanne Marie /WOOD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 NOV 1967
1 FAMC @F1278@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2698@ INDI
1 NAME Laura Marie /WOOD/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 APR 1972
1 FAMC @F1278@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2699@ INDI
1 NAME David /DE YOUNG/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 MAR 1948
1 FAMS @F1279@
1 SOUR Freeman, Marsha Colleen (Scully). "Buell Genealogy" pub. 1 Dec 1978.
0 @I2700@ INDI
1 NAME Walter of Falaise //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Lord of Calonne
1 FAMC @F964@
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I2701@ INDI
1 NAME Myriel //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F965@
1 FAMS @F1280@
1 FAMS @F1281@
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I2702@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Albemarle
1 FAMS @F1280@
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I2703@ INDI
1 NAME  /?/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Troyes
1 FAMS @F1281@
1 SOUR Slocombe, George. "William the Conqueror" pub. 1961 by G. P. Putnam's 
2 CONT Sons. New York.
0 @I2704@ INDI
1 NAME Louis II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Holy Roman Emporer, King of Italy
1 REFN +
1 BIRT
2 DATE 825
1 DEAT
2 DATE 875
1 FAMC @F430@
1 FAMS @F1282@
1 NOTE Louis II (Holy Roman Empire) (circa 825-75), Holy Roman emperor (855-75) 
2 CONT and king of Italy (844-75), the eldest son of Holy Roman Emperor Lothair 
2 CONT I. Louis was coemperor with his father from 850 to 855, when he became 
2 CONT sole emperor, but his authority was in fact confined to his Italian 
2 CONT kingdom. Although he was successful in some campaigns against the Saracen 
2 CONT invaders of Italy, he was constricted by the jealousies of local Italian 
2 CONT princes. He acquired much of Provence on the death of his brother Charles 
2 CONT (circa 845-63), but he was a weak ruler, and his empire declined.
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2705@ INDI
1 NAME John /CLARK/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1322@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2706@ INDI
1 NAME Almodis //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1285@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2707@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1286@
1 FAMS @F1284@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2708@ INDI
1 NAME Arthur //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Rothesay
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1541
1 FAMC @F439@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2709@ INDI
1 NAME James //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Rothesay
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1541
1 FAMC @F439@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2710@ INDI
1 NAME Robert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Orkney
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1593
1 FAMC @F1283@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2711@ INDI
1 NAME James //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Earl of Moray, Regent of Scotland
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1570
2 NOTE He was murdered.
1 FAMC @F1283@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2712@ INDI
1 NAME Enguerrand II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Ponthieu
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1053
1 FAMS @F1287@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2713@ INDI
1 NAME Adelaide //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F151@
1 FAMS @F1287@
1 FAMS @F1288@
1 FAMS @F1289@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2714@ INDI
1 NAME Lambert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Lens
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1054
1 FAMC @F3553@
1 FAMS @F1288@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2715@ INDI
1 NAME Roger Montgomery //
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1286@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2716@ INDI
1 NAME Odo //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Champagne
1 FAMS @F1289@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2717@ INDI
1 NAME Matilda //
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1059
2 PLAC Normandy, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1112
1 FAMC @F150@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2718@ INDI
1 NAME Judith //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Lens
1 FAMC @F1288@
1 FAMS @F1290@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2719@ INDI
1 NAME Simon /DE ST. LIZ/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Huntington & Northampton
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1111
1 FAMS @F953@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2720@ INDI
1 NAME Waltheof II //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Huntingdon
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1076
1 FAMS @F1290@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2721@ INDI
1 NAME Agatha //
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F150@
1 NOTE She was bethrothed to Harold, Earl of Wessex and Alphonso, King of 
2 CONT Gallicia.
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2722@ INDI
1 NAME Alan IV Fergent //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Brittany
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1059
2 PLAC Brittany, France
1 DEAT
2 DATE 13 OCT 1119
1 FAMS @F1291@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2723@ INDI
1 NAME Stephan Henry //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Count of Blois & Chartres
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1102
2 PLAC the Battle of Ascalon
1 FAMS @F581@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2724@ INDI
1 NAME Adelicia //
1 SEX F
1 TITL of Louvain
1 BIRT
2 DATE ABT 1105
2 PLAC Louvain, Belgium
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 APR 1151
2 PLAC Afflighem, Flanders, France
1 BURI
2 PLAC Afflighem, Flanders, France
1 FAMC @F1293@
1 FAMS @F1292@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
1 SOUR Europe xc
0 @I2725@ INDI
1 NAME Godfrey //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Brabant, Count of Louvain
1 FAMS @F1293@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2726@ INDI
1 NAME Elizabeth //
1 SEX F
1 TITL de Belloment
1 FAMS @F1294@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2727@ INDI
1 NAME William III Atheling //
1 SEX M
1 TITL Duke of Normandy
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 5 AUG 1103
2 PLAC Winchester
1 DEAT
2 DATE 25 NOV 1120
2 PLAC White Ship
2 NOTE He drowned.
1 FAMC @F148@
1 FAMS @F3501@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2728@ INDI
1 NAME Sibylla //
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1122
1 FAMC @F4019@
1 FAMS @F1295@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2729@ INDI
1 NAME Robert de Mellment //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Gloucester
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1100
2 SOUR Lafreniere, Albert N.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 OCT 1147
2 SOUR Lafreniere, Albert N.
1 FAMC @F4019@
1 FAMS @F1296@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2730@ INDI
1 NAME Mabel /FITZHAMMON/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1297@
1 FAMS @F1296@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2731@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /FITZHAMMON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1297@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2732@ INDI
1 NAME William Fitz Robert //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 2nd Earl of Gloucester
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1150
2 SOUR Lafreniere, Albert N.
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1183
1 FAMC @F1296@
1 FAMS @F1298@
1 FAMS @F1270@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2733@ INDI
1 NAME Hawise /DE BEAUMONT/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1197
1 FAMC @F1299@
1 FAMS @F1298@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2734@ INDI
1 NAME Robert /DE BEAUMONT/
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Leicester
1 FAMS @F1299@
1 SOUR Tauté, Anne. "The Kings and Queens of Great Britain" pub by Elm Tree 
2 CONT Books/Hamish Hamilton Ltd. Great Britain.//
0 @I2735@ INDI
1 NAME Edele Kristine /LARSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 FEB 1877
2 PLAC Malle Svenstrup, Denmark
1 DEAT
2 DATE JUL 1906
1 FAMC @F1301@
1 FAMS @F1300@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2736@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /LARSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1301@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2737@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 APR 1904
1 FAMC @F1300@
1 NOTE He owns several farms: "Ny Aarupgaard," "Frederiksminde," and "Solvang."
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2738@ INDI
1 NAME Maren Kristine /JACOBSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 OCT 1888
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1916
1 FAMC @F1303@
1 FAMS @F1302@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2739@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1303@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2740@ INDI
1 NAME Ejnar /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 FEB 1910
1 FAMC @F1302@
1 NOTE He was from 1932-40 owner of the farm "Gl. Gaardstedgaard," later of 
2 CONT "Rodgaarden" in Fredbjerg, Denmark.  He has now a tobacco shop in 
2 CONT Aalestrup, and owns a large business building.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2741@ INDI
1 NAME Magnus /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 FEB 1912
1 FAMC @F1302@
1 FAMS @F1304@
1 NOTE He was the owner of the farm "Brodshave."
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2742@ INDI
1 NAME Gudrun /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE APR 1911
1 FAMC @F1305@
1 FAMS @F1304@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2743@ INDI
1 NAME Markus /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1305@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2744@ INDI
1 NAME Vagner /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JAN 1944
1 FAMC @F1304@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2745@ INDI
1 NAME Even /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE FEB 1947
1 FAMC @F1304@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 15.
0 @I2746@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Peter Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1877
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 MAY 1878
1 FAMC @F871@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2747@ INDI
1 NAME Methea Katrine Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 JUN 1878
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1 SEP 1879
1 FAMC @F871@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2748@ INDI
1 NAME Methea Kristiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 MAR 1880
1 DEAT
2 DATE AUG 1937
1 BURI
2 PLAC Malle Cemetery
1 FAMC @F871@
1 FAMS @F1306@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2749@ INDI
1 NAME Anders Stoffersen /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 OCT 1879
2 PLAC Oudrup, Denmark
1 FAMC @F1307@
1 FAMS @F1306@
1 NOTE Beginning in 1902, he was a farmer in Brottrup.  Later he was the owner of 
2 CONT several farms: "Holmgaard" near Skals (1915), "Brottrupgaard" near Ranum 
2 CONT (1918-27).  Then they moved to Hvalpsund.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2750@ INDI
1 NAME Christen /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1307@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2751@ INDI
1 NAME Dorte /OLESEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1307@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2752@ INDI
1 NAME Kristenca /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 JAN 1903
1 DEAT
2 DATE 16 DEC 1906
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2753@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian Bro /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1904
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1925
2 NOTE Died of Diabetes.
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2754@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 APR 1905
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1308@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2755@ INDI
1 NAME Ernst Rasmus /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1308@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2756@ INDI
1 NAME Tove /NIELSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 MAR 1934
1 FAMC @F1308@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2757@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen Bro /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAY 1906
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1309@
1 NOTE He was a wholesale dealer in Svendborg.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2758@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /SORENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1310@
1 FAMS @F1309@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2759@ INDI
1 NAME Marinus /SORENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1310@
0 @I2760@ INDI
1 NAME Arnold /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUN 1931
1 FAMC @F1309@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2761@ INDI
1 NAME Ib /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 DEC 1933
1 FAMC @F1309@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2762@ INDI
1 NAME Edith /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 AUG 1935
1 FAMC @F1309@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2763@ INDI
1 NAME Inga /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 FEB 1938
1 FAMC @F1309@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2764@ INDI
1 NAME Kristenca /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 JUN 1907
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1311@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2765@ INDI
1 NAME Edvard /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1311@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2766@ INDI
1 NAME Erik /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 25 JAN 1934
1 FAMC @F1311@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2767@ INDI
1 NAME Mary /STEWART/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1380
1 FAMC @F1264@
1 FAMS @F1312@
1 FAMS @F1917@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2768@ INDI
1 NAME George /DOUGLAS/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Earl of Angus
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1380
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1403
1 FAMC @F1313@
1 FAMS @F1312@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2769@ INDI
1 NAME William //
1 SEX M
1 TITL 1st Earl of Douglas
1 FAMS @F1313@
1 SOUR Microsoft Encarta 1994 ed.
0 @I2770@ INDI
1 NAME Dagny /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 NOV 1908
1 DEAT
2 DATE 9 DEC 1908
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2771@ INDI
1 NAME Dagny /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 NOV 1909
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1314@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2772@ INDI
1 NAME Bernhard /GRONING/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 NOV 1906
1 FAMS @F1314@
1 NOTE He was a baker.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2773@ INDI
1 NAME Jutta /GRONING/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 DEC 1933
1 FAMC @F1314@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2774@ INDI
1 NAME Birgit /GRONING/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 JUL 1939
1 FAMC @F1314@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2775@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen /GRONING/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 APR 1950
1 FAMC @F1314@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 16.
0 @I2776@ INDI
1 NAME Peter /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 FEB 1911
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1315@
1 NOTE He was a herdsman at the farm "O. Nejsig".
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2777@ INDI
1 NAME Ninna /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 5 JAN 1908
1 FAMC @F1316@
1 FAMS @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2778@ INDI
1 NAME Niels /CHRISTENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1316@
1 NOTE He was a farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2779@ INDI
1 NAME Lilly /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 MAR 1931
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2780@ INDI
1 NAME Kamma /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 APR 1933
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2781@ INDI
1 NAME Bent /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 JUL 1935
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2782@ INDI
1 NAME Ellinor /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 AUG 1935
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2783@ INDI
1 NAME Johannes /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 MAY 1939
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2784@ INDI
1 NAME Frank /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 JUL 1941
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2785@ INDI
1 NAME Methea /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 8 DEC 1946
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2786@ INDI
1 NAME ? /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1950
1 FAMC @F1315@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2787@ INDI
1 NAME Agner /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 MAR 1912
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1317@
1 NOTE H was a small-holder in Naesby and Vindblaes.  He moved to Fjeldso in 
2 CONT 1950.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2788@ INDI
1 NAME Johanne /JACOBSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F1318@
1 FAMS @F1317@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2789@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob /JACOBSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1318@
1 NOTE H was a small-holder in Vindblaes.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2790@ INDI
1 NAME Arom /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 SEP 1936
1 FAMC @F1317@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2791@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUL 1939
1 FAMC @F1317@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2792@ INDI
1 NAME Lisbeth /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 OCT 1942
1 FAMC @F1317@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2793@ INDI
1 NAME Ellinor /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAR 1913
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 MAY 1913
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2794@ INDI
1 NAME Aage /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 17 JAN 1917
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1319@
1 NOTE Aage Andersen was a house-owner in Flakkebjerg.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2795@ INDI
1 NAME Dagmar /JENSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 APR 1919
2 PLAC Copenhagen, Denmark
1 FAMS @F1319@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2796@ INDI
1 NAME Annelise /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 6 APR 1942
1 FAMC @F1319@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2797@ INDI
1 NAME Ulla /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 JUL 1945
1 FAMC @F1319@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2798@ INDI
1 NAME Johannes /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 JUL 1920
1 FAMC @F1306@
1 FAMS @F1320@
1 NOTE He was a butcher in Farre with Sporup.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2799@ INDI
1 NAME Inga /CLAUSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 OCT 1923
2 PLAC Horsens, Denmark
1 FAMS @F1320@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2800@ INDI
1 NAME John /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 MAY 1946
1 FAMC @F1320@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2801@ INDI
1 NAME Bodil /ANDERSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 JUL 1948
1 FAMC @F1320@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2802@ INDI
1 NAME Elisa Marie Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 27 JUL 1882
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1944
2 NOTE She died of cancer.
1 FAMC @F871@
1 FAMS @F1321@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2803@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /HANSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1343@
1 FAMS @F1321@
1 NOTE He was a member of the Logstor Music Band.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2804@ INDI
1 NAME David /CLARK/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F1322@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2805@ INDI
1 NAME Trevor /COXWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F365@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2806@ INDI
1 NAME Jeremy /COXWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F365@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2807@ INDI
1 NAME Nathan /COXWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F365@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2808@ INDI
1 NAME Allison /COXWORTH/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F365@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2809@ INDI
1 NAME Zachary /COXWORTH/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F365@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2810@ INDI
1 NAME Josh /FREY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F366@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2811@ INDI
1 NAME Jacob /FREY/
1 SEX M
1 FAMC @F366@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2812@ INDI
1 NAME Heather /OGILVIE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F367@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2813@ INDI
1 NAME Holly /OGILVIE/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F367@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2814@ INDI
1 NAME Daisy //
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1324@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2815@ INDI
1 NAME David /NELSON/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1325@
1 SOUR Slingerland, Rachel LaVonne (Wilson). Interview on Jan 29, 1995.
0 @I2816@ INDI
1 NAME Maren Katrine /PEDERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 APR 1844
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1875
1 FAMS @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2817@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 15 MAR 1864
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1942
2 PLAC United States of America
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2818@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 AUG 1865
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1883
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2819@ INDI
1 NAME Inga Marie Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 OCT 1866
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 FAMS @F1327@
1 NOTE She had 11 chrildren.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2820@ INDI
1 NAME Hans /NIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1327@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2821@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Kristine Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 APR 1868
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2822@ INDI
1 NAME Christian Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1870
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2823@ INDI
1 NAME Christian Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAR 1872
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2824@ INDI
1 NAME Otto Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 18 NOV 1873
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2825@ INDI
1 NAME Anton Peter Otto Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 28 FEB 1875
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1326@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2826@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Petrea Vilhemine /PAULSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 OCT 1854
1 DEAT
2 DATE 23 DEC 1927
1 FAMS @F1328@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2827@ INDI
1 NAME Paul Chr. Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 7 OCT 1876
1 DEAT
2 DATE 31 OCT 1890
1 FAMC @F1328@
1 NOTE Paul was a farm hand in Hemdrup with Neils Lausten's widow.  One day when 
2 CONT he was working in the field hauling beets, he was killed under the wagon.  
2 CONT He was described as a cheerful and cheerful young man.
2 CONT 
2 CONT CONFLICT: The book in which this information was found said that Paul was 
2 CONT 20 when the accident occured.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2828@ INDI
1 NAME Maren Christiansen /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 SEP 1878
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1906
2 NOTE She died after giving birth.
1 FAMC @F1328@
1 FAMS @F1329@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2829@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1329@
1 NOTE He was a smallholder.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 19.
0 @I2830@ INDI
1 NAME Paul Chr. /PAULSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 NOV 1831
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1908
1 FAMC @F1337@
1 FAMS @F1330@
1 NOTE Paul was a farmer in Engelstrup and a member of the parish council.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2831@ INDI
1 NAME Paul /PAULSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 SEP 1861
1 DEAT
2 DATE CHILD
1 FAMC @F1330@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2832@ INDI
1 NAME Kristen /PAULSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 26 JAN 1863
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1886
1 FAMC @F1330@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2833@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Kristine /PAULSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 JUN 1865
1 FAMC @F1330@
1 FAMS @F1331@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2834@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 JUN 1865
2 PLAC Vindblaes, Denmark
1 FAMS @F1331@
1 NOTE He was a farmer in Salling.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2835@ INDI
1 NAME Neils /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1889
2 NOTE He was a farmer in St. Aistrup.
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 FAMS @F1332@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2836@ INDI
1 NAME Kristence /HOJSLET/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1332@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2837@ INDI
1 NAME Ejner /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE NOV 1920
1 FAMC @F1332@
1 FAMS @F1333@
1 NOTE He was a dairyman.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2838@ INDI
1 NAME Dagny /OLESEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1333@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2839@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 24 NOV 1924
1 FAMC @F1332@
1 FAMS @F1334@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2840@ INDI
1 NAME Aase /SOGAARD/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1334@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2841@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE APR 1929
1 FAMC @F1332@
1 NOTE She was a domestic servant.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2842@ INDI
1 NAME Kristine /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 SEP 1890
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 NOTE She was owner of the farm "Dammersgaard" in Salling from 1929-1941, and 
2 CONT then co-owner of the farm "Naesborggaard".  In 1951, she lived in a villa 
2 CONT in Salling town.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2843@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Marie /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 SEP 1891
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 FAMS @F1335@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2844@ INDI
1 NAME Chr. /ELKAER/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1335@
1 NOTE He was an electrician in Skive.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2845@ INDI
1 NAME Thyra /ELKAER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE OCT 1919
1 FAMC @F1335@
1 FAMS @F1336@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2846@ INDI
1 NAME Erik /DANIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1336@
1 NOTE He was an editor in Copenhagen.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2847@ INDI
1 NAME Bitten /DANIELSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1938
1 FAMC @F1336@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2848@ INDI
1 NAME Paul /JENSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1337@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2849@ INDI
1 NAME Jenny /ELKAER/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAR 1923
1 FAMC @F1335@
1 FAMS @F1338@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2850@ INDI
1 NAME Egan /KJOGX/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1338@
1 NOTE He was a music dealer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2851@ INDI
1 NAME Henning /KJOGX/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1942
1 FAMC @F1338@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2852@ INDI
1 NAME Jorgen /KJOGX/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1947
1 FAMC @F1338@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2853@ INDI
1 NAME Jenny Pauline /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 19 JUN 1893
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 NOTE She was a house keeper for her brother, Kristian Valstead.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2854@ INDI
1 NAME Paul Kr. /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 22 NOV 1894
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 FAMS @F1339@
1 FAMS @F1340@
1 NOTE He was owner of the farm "Rosendal" at Hobro from 1929 to 1932.  He was 
2 CONT owner of the farm "Gatten Hedegaard" from 1933 to 1938, then owner of 
2 CONT "Naesborggaard".
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2855@ INDI
1 NAME Ellen /SIMONSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1339@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2856@ INDI
1 NAME Hugo /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1930
1 FAMC @F1339@
1 NOTE He was a farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2857@ INDI
1 NAME Marie /PAULSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1340@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951.  Page 22.
0 @I2858@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1896
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1898
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2859@ INDI
1 NAME Otto /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1899
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 NOTE He was an electrician.  He went to America in 1923.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2860@ INDI
1 NAME Jens Kr. /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1900
1 DEAT
2 DATE INFANT
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2861@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE JUL 1901
1 FAMC @F1331@
1 FAMS @F1341@
1 NOTE He was a shoemaker in Salling.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2862@ INDI
1 NAME Laura /GREGERSEN/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1341@
1 NOTE She was from Fredbjerg.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2863@ INDI
1 NAME Egan /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE MAR 1928
1 DEAT
2 DATE MAY 1948
2 NOTE He was killed in a car accident.
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2864@ INDI
1 NAME Frede /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1929
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 NOTE He was a farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2865@ INDI
1 NAME Martha /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1930
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 NOTE She was a domestic servant.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2866@ INDI
1 NAME Marie /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1932
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 NOTE She was a domestic servant.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2867@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1933
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1933
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2868@ INDI
1 NAME Ebbe /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1935
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 NOTE He was a farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2869@ INDI
1 NAME Orla /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1936
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 NOTE He was a farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2870@ INDI
1 NAME Frits /VALSTED/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1937
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 NOTE He was a farmer.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2871@ INDI
1 NAME Kristiane /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1938
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2872@ INDI
1 NAME Irene /VALSTED/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1941
1 FAMC @F1341@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 23.
0 @I2873@ INDI
1 NAME Gregory /PRIDDY/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 12 DEC 1970
1 FAMC @F595@
1 SOUR Letter from Holger Martin Peterson dated Jan 25, 1995.
0 @I2874@ INDI
1 NAME Magnus /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1903
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1924
2 PLAC Devil's Lake, North Dakota
2 NOTE He died in a drowning accident.
1 FAMC @F1329@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I2875@ INDI
1 NAME Martin /OLESEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1906
1 FAMC @F1329@
1 FAMS @F1342@
1 NOTE He worked in a factory in Copenhagen, Denmark.  He had 3 children.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I2876@ INDI
1 NAME Ella /NORGAARD/
1 SEX F
1 FAMS @F1342@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I2877@ INDI
1 NAME Jens /HANSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1343@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 17.
0 @I2878@ INDI
1 NAME Dagny Elise /HANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 FEB 1908
1 FAMC @F1321@
1 NOTE Shewas music educated and unmarried.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2879@ INDI
1 NAME Arne /HANSEN/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 20 JUL 1910
1 FAMC @F1321@
1 FAMS @F1344@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2880@ INDI
1 NAME Stella /JACOBSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JAN 1914
1 FAMC @F1345@
1 FAMS @F1344@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2881@ INDI
1 NAME Carlo /JACOBSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1345@
1 NOTE He was a farmer in Skaerbaek near Aulum.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2882@ INDI
1 NAME Karen Marie /HANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 10 NOV 1913
1 FAMC @F1321@
1 NOTE She was a domestic servant.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2883@ INDI
1 NAME Anna /HANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1917
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1951
1 FAMC @F1321@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2884@ INDI
1 NAME Ida Hansen /HANSEN/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1917
1 DEAT
2 DATE BEF 1951
1 FAMC @F1321@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2885@ INDI
1 NAME Karla /STRATMEYER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F20@
0 @I2886@ INDI
1 NAME Richard /STRATMEYER/
1 SEX M
1 TITL Jr.
1 FAMC @F20@
0 @I2887@ INDI
1 NAME Kathy /STRATMEYER/
1 SEX F
1 FAMC @F20@
0 @I2888@ INDI
1 NAME Kristiane /MADSEN/
1 SEX F
1 DEAT
2 DATE 1903
1 FAMC @F1347@
1 FAMS @F1346@
1 NOTE Troels and Kristianes' marriage was full of heavy sorrow and grief.  
2 CONT During a pernicious epidemic in August, 1883, they lost their last three 
2 CONT children; the 15-year old Kristian, 13-year old Kristine, and 2-year old 
2 CONT Jens Kristian.  During the last burial, the grief-stricken mother had to 
2 CONT be held back with force when she, nearing a breakdown, wanted to jump into 
2 CONT the grave.
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I2889@ INDI
1 NAME Hans /MADSEN/
1 SEX M
1 FAMS @F1347@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2890@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 OCT 1859
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 APR 1862
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. -+
0 @I2891@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Kristine /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 4 OCT 1859
1 DEAT
2 DATE 5 JAN 1860
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2892@ INDI
1 NAME Hansine /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 29 NOV 1860
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 APR 1861
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2893@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 JAN 1864
1 DEAT
2 DATE 29 MAY 1864
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2894@ INDI
1 NAME Ane Kjerstine /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 13 FEB 1865
1 DEAT
2 DATE 4 MAR 1868
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2895@ INDI
1 NAME Kristian /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 23 FEB 1868
1 DEAT
2 DATE 7 AUG 1883
2 NOTE Died of pernicious.
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2896@ INDI
1 NAME Kristine /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 1 APR 1870
1 DEAT
2 DATE 21 AUG 1883
2 NOTE Died of pernicious.
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2897@ INDI
1 NAME Hedevig /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 16 MAR 1872
1 DEAT
2 DATE 12 NOV 1872
1 FAMC @F1346@
0 @I2898@ INDI
1 NAME Hans Kristian /BRO/
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 30 JAN 1875
1 DEAT
2 DATE 15 FEB 1875
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2899@ INDI
1 NAME Hansine /BRO/
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 MAR 1876
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 NOV 1881
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "The Family of Christen Christensen Bro, 
2 CONT From 1580 to 1950" pub in Logstor, Denmark in 1951. Page 18.
0 @I2900@ INDI
1 NAME ? /BRO/
1 BIRT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1878
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 OCT 1878
1 FAMC @F1346@
1 SOUR Kollerup, Christian Gregorsen. "